第十四条の十七(法定納期限等以前にされた仮登記により担保される債権の優先等)
Article 14-17Priority of Claims Secured by Provisional Registrations Made on or before the Statutory Payment Due Date, etc.
If, on or before the statutory payment due date, etc. of local government levies, a provisional registration or provisional entry in a register based on a provisional registration security contract prescribed in Article 1 of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration (hereinafter in this Article referred to as a "provisional registration for security") has been made on the property of a taxpayer or special collection agent, with that person as the registration obligor (including an obligor for entry in a register), those local government levies are collected from the proceeds of realization after the claim secured by that provisional registration for security.
If a statutory lien listed in the items of Article 14-13, paragraph (1) exists on the property of a taxpayer or special collection agent for which a provisional registration for security has been made, if a statutory lien listed in the items of Article 14-14, paragraph (1) has existed since on or before the statutory payment due date, etc. of local government levies, or if a pledge or mortgage has been created, or a provisional registration for security has been made, on or before the statutory payment due date, etc. of local government levies, those local government levies are collected, from the proceeds of realization relating to the settlement money prescribed in Article 3, paragraph (1) of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration (including as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 20 of that Act), after the claims secured by those statutory liens, pledges and mortgages whose rights were exercised under Article 4, paragraph (1) of that Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 20 of that Act), and by the subordinate provisional registration for security prescribed in Article 4, paragraph (2) of that Act whose right was exercised under Article 4, paragraph (1) of that Act as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 4, paragraph (2) of that Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 20 of that Act).
担保のための仮登記がされている納税者又は特別徴収義務者の財産上に、第十四条の十三第一項各号に掲げる先取特権があるとき、地方団体の徴収金の法定納期限等以前から第十四条の十四第一項各号に掲げる先取特権があるとき、又は地方団体の徴収金の法定納期限等以前に質権若しくは抵当権が設定され、若しくは担保のための仮登記がされているときは、その地方団体の徴収金は、仮登記担保契約に関する法律第三条第一項(同法第二十条において準用する場合を含む。)に規定する清算金に係る換価代金につき、同法第四条第一項(同法第二十条において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により権利が行使されたこれらの先取特権、質権及び抵当権並びに同法第四条第二項(同法第二十条において準用する場合を含む。)において準用する同法第四条第一項の規定により権利が行使された同条第二項に規定する後順位の担保仮登記により担保される債権に次いで徴収する。
The provisions of Article 14-11, paragraph (1) apply mutatis mutandis to the case where a taxpayer or special collection agent has acquired property for which a provisional registration for security has been made, and the provisions of the preceding Article (excluding paragraph (3)) apply mutatis mutandis to the case where, if a taxpayer or special collection agent has no other sufficient property to be applied to local government levies, that person has transferred property for which it made a provisional registration for security after the statutory payment due date, etc. of the local government levies, respectively.
第十四条の十一第一項の規定は、納税者又は特別徴収義務者が担保のための仮登記がされている財産を譲り受けたときについて、前条(第三項を除く。)の規定は、納税者又は特別徴収義務者が他に地方団体の徴収金に充てるべき十分な財産がない場合において、その者がその地方団体の徴収金の法定納期限等後に担保のための仮登記をした財産を譲渡したときについて、それぞれ準用する。
A provisional registration and a provisional entry in a register based on a provisional registration security contract prescribed in Article 1 of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration, where the monetary obligation to be extinguished is not specified at the time of the contract, have no effect in the delinquent tax collection procedure for local government levies.
仮登記担保契約に関する法律第一条に規定する仮登記担保契約で、消滅すべき金銭債務がその契約の時に特定されていないものに基づく仮登記及び仮登録は、地方団体の徴収金の滞納処分においては、その効力を有しない。
Article 14-18Liability in Rem for Tax of a Holder of Property Transferred as Security
If a taxpayer or special collection agent is delinquent in local government levies and there is property that the person has transferred and that is the object of security by that transfer (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as "property transferred as security"), the local government levies of the taxpayer or special collection agent may be collected from the property transferred as security only where it is found that the levies to be collected would still fall short even if a delinquent tax collection procedure were carried out against the person's property.
When the head of a local government intends to collect under the preceding paragraph, the head must give notice to the right holder of the property transferred as security (hereinafter in this Article referred to as the "holder of property transferred as security") by a document stating the amount to be collected and other necessary matters; in this case, the head must notify the taxpayer or special collection agent to that effect.
If the amount to be collected has not been paid in full by the day on which 10 days have elapsed from the day on which the notice referred to in the preceding paragraph was issued, a tax collection official may, deeming the holder of property transferred as security to be a secondary taxpayer, carry out a delinquent tax collection procedure against the property transferred as security.
The provisions of Article 11, paragraphs (3) through (5) and Article 13-2 apply mutatis mutandis to the case under the preceding paragraph.
第十一条第三項から第五項まで及び第十三条の二の規定は、前項の場合について準用する。
A seizure made treating property transferred as security as property of the taxpayer or special collection agent referred to in paragraph (1) may, only where the requirements of that paragraph are met, be continued as a delinquent tax collection procedure as a seizure under paragraph (3); in this case, the head of a local government must give the notice and the notification referred to in paragraph (2) without delay.
When continuing a delinquent tax collection procedure under the preceding paragraph, if the property transferred as security is property listed in the following items, the head of a local government must notify the person specified in the relevant item to the effect that the delinquent tax collection procedure is being continued with the seizure made as property of the taxpayer or special collection agent treated as a seizure under paragraph (3).
Movable property in the possession of a third party (meaning movable property prescribed in Article 24, paragraph (5), item (i) of the National Tax Collection Act; the same applies hereinafter in this item) or securities: The third party in possession of the movable property or securities;
第三者が占有する動産(国税徴収法第二十四条第五項第一号に規定する動産をいう。以下この号において同じ。)又は有価証券 動産又は有価証券を占有する第三者
Property subject to the application of Article 62 or Article 73 of the National Tax Collection Act (excluding property for which registration is required for the transfer of rights): A third-party debtor or a person equivalent thereto (referred to as "third-party debtor, etc." in Article 15-2-3, paragraph (3) and Article 16-4, paragraph (10)).
国税徴収法第六十二条又は第七十三条の規定の適用を受ける財産(これらの財産の権利の移転につき登記を要するものを除く。) 第三債務者又はこれに準ずる者(第十五条の二の三第三項及び第十六条の四第十項において「第三債務者等」という。)
When continuing a delinquent tax collection procedure under paragraph (5), if there is a known person among those listed in Article 55, item (i) or (iii) of the National Tax Collection Act, the head of a local government must notify them to the effect that the delinquent tax collection procedure is being continued with the seizure made as property of the taxpayer or special collection agent treated as a seizure under paragraph (3).
Even where, after the notice under paragraph (2) or a seizure subject to the application of paragraph (5) has been made, the claim secured by the transfer of property of the taxpayer or special collection agent has been extinguished for a reason other than performance, such as default (including where a repurchase, promise of resale or similar contract has been concluded with respect to the property transferred as security and that contract has lost its effect for a reason other than performance of the contract, such as the passage of a time limit), paragraph (3) applies as if the property continued to exist as property transferred as security.
The provisions of paragraph (1) do not apply where, on or before the statutory payment due date, etc. of the local government levies, there is a registration of transfer of rights relating to a transfer made for the purpose of security, or where the holder of property transferred as security proves, by the day before the decision to sell the property, the fact that the property had become property transferred as security on or before the statutory payment due date, etc. of the local government levies. In this case, the provisions of the second sentence of Article 14-9, paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) of that Article apply mutatis mutandis.
A holder of property transferred as security to whom the provisions of paragraph (1) apply is deemed to be a taxpayer or special collection agent for the purpose of applying the provisions of this Act concerning offenses relating to delinquent tax collection procedures and offenses of refusal of examination, etc. relating to delinquent tax collection procedures.
Article 14-19Special Provisions on the Realization of Property Transferred as Security, etc.
Where the holder of the right relating to a registration of sale with a special agreement of repurchase, a provisional registration (including a provisional entry) for the preservation of the claim under a reservation for resale, or any other similar registration (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "registration, etc. of the right of repurchase") that has been made with regard to property transferred as security is a person delinquent in payment, the seized right relating to the registration, etc. of the right of repurchase and the property transferred as security bearing that registration, etc. of the right of repurchase that has been seized under paragraph (3) of the preceding Article may be realized together.
In addition to what is provided for in the preceding Article and the preceding paragraph, matters necessary for the collection of the local government levies of a taxpayer or special collection agent from property transferred as security are specified by Cabinet Order.
Article 14-20Adjustment of Competition Between Local Taxes, National Taxes, etc. and Private Claims
Where, in compulsory liquidation procedure, local government levies compete with national taxes, levies of other local governments or public charges (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "national taxes, etc.") and other claims (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "private claims"), and, under the provisions of this Section, the National Tax Collection Act or other laws, local government levies take priority over national taxes, etc. and private claims are subordinate to those national taxes, etc. and take priority over those local government levies, or local government levies are subordinate to national taxes, etc. and private claims take priority over those national taxes, etc. and are subordinate to those local government levies, the distribution of the proceeds of realization is as follows:
where there are expenses prescribed in Article 14-2 or Article 14-3 or expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure, local government levies prescribed in Article 14-4 (including national taxes prescribed in Article 11 of the National Tax Collection Act), claims to which Article 14-15 applies, claims to which Article 59, paragraph (3) or (4) of the National Tax Collection Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 71, paragraph (4) of that Act), which is to be applied correspondingly under this Act, applies, or claims to which Article 14-13 applies, the proceeds are to be allocated to each of these in that order;
with regard to local government levies, national taxes, etc., and private claims (excluding those to which the preceding item applies), the total amounts to be allocated to local government levies, national taxes, etc., and private claims, respectively, are determined by applying the provisions of this Section, the National Tax Collection Act and other laws in sequence, starting from the oldest statutory payment due date, etc. (including the corresponding due date for payment, etc. of national taxes or public charges) or the oldest time of establishment, registration, transfer or formation;
the total amount determined under the preceding item to be allocated to local government levies and national taxes, etc. is allocated in sequence to local government levies and national taxes, etc. under the provisions of Article 14 or Articles 14-6 through 14-8, or the corresponding provisions of the National Tax Collection Act or other laws;
前号の規定により定めた地方団体の徴収金及び国税等に充てるべき金額の総額を第十四条若しくは第十四条の六から第十四条の八までの規定又は国税徴収法その他の法律のこれらに相当する規定により、順次地方団体の徴収金及び国税等に充てる。
the total amount determined under item (ii) to be allocated to private claims is allocated in sequence to private claims under the provisions of the Civil Code or other laws.
略称規定第十一条第一項
地方団体の長は、納税者又は特別徴収義務者の地方団体の徴収金を次条から第十一条の十まで又は第十二条の二第二項若しくは第三項の規定により第二次納税義務を有する者(以下「第二次納税義務者」という。)から徴収しようとするときは、その者に対し…
わかりやすく言うと
第十一条の二から第十一条の十まで又は第十二条の二第二項・第三項の規定により、納税者や特別徴収義務者の地方団体の徴収金について第二次納税義務を負う者のことで、合名会社等の社員、清算人、同族会社、無償の譲受人などが当たります。
略称規定第十三条の二第一項第一号
納税者又は特別徴収義務者の財産につき滞納処分(その例による処分を含む。)、強制執行、担保権の実行としての競売、企業担保権の実行手続、企業価値担保権の実行手続又は破産手続(以下「強制換価手続」という。)が開始されたとき(仮登記担保契約に関す…
わかりやすく言うと
納税者や特別徴収義務者の財産について行われる、滞納処分(その例による処分を含みます)、強制執行、担保権の実行としての競売、企業担保権の実行手続、企業価値担保権の実行手続、破産手続をまとめた呼び名です。
略称規定第十四条の十八第一項・この章の中だけ
納税者又は特別徴収義務者が地方団体の徴収金を滞納した場合において、その者が譲渡した財産でその譲渡により担保の目的となつているもの(以下この章において「譲渡担保財産」という。)があるときは…
わかりやすく言うと
地方団体の徴収金を滞納した納税者または特別徴収義務者が譲渡した財産で、その譲渡によって担保の目的となっているもののことです。
略称規定第十四条の十八第二項・この条の中だけ
地方団体の長は、前項の規定により徴収しようとするときは、譲渡担保財産の権利者(以下この条において「譲渡担保権者」という。)に対し、徴収しようとする金額その他必要な事項を記載した文書により告知しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
納税者または特別徴収義務者が譲渡し、その譲渡によって担保の目的となっている財産(譲渡担保財産)について、権利を持つ者のことです。
定義第十四条の十八第六項第一号・この号の中だけ
国税徴収法第二十四条第五項第一号に規定する動産
わかりやすく言うと
国税徴収法第二十四条第五項第一号の動産のことで、国税徴収法第七十条や第七十一条で差し押さえる船舶、航空機、自動車、建設機械、小型船舶は除かれます。
略称規定第十四条の十八第六項第二号・この規定及び第十五条の二の三第三項及び第十六条の四第十項の中だけ
国税徴収法第六十二条又は第七十三条の規定の適用を受ける財産(これらの財産の権利の移転につき登記を要するものを除く。) 第三債務者又はこれに準ずる者(第十五条の二の三第三項及び第十六条の四第十項において「第三債務者等」という。)
わかりやすく言うと
国税徴収法第六十二条(債権の差押え)又は第七十三条(電話加入権など第三債務者等がある財産の差押え)の対象となる財産について、差押えの通知書を送る相手となる第三債務者や、これに準ずる者のことです。
登記
法務局や地方法務局、その支局・出張所である登記所が備える公の帳簿に記録して、権利や事項を公示することです(不動産登記法第一条・第六条第一項)。土地や建物の所有権、地上権、先取特権、抵当権、賃借権などは不動産登記法に基づいて登記することができ(同法第三条)、商法や会社法などの規定で登記すべき事項は商業登記法に基づいて登記されます(商業登記法第一条)。登記をすると、権利などを第三者に対抗(主張)できるようになります。土地や建物の所有権などの物権を取得したり、失ったり、変更したりしたことは、登記をしなければ第三者に対抗することができず(民法第百七十七条)、会社法の規定で登記すべき事項は、登記の後でなければ、そのことを知らない第三者に対抗することができず、登記の後でも、正当な事由によって登記があることを知らなかった第三者には対抗することができません(会社法第九百八条第一項)。
不動産登記法第1条・第3条・第6条、商業登記法第1条、民法第177条、会社法第908条を参考にAIが作成。
先取特権
法律の定めにより、特定の債権を持つ者が、債務者の財産から他の債権者に先立って弁済を受けることができる権利です(民法第三百三条)。雇用関係から生じた債権のように債務者の総財産について生じるもの(同法第三百六条第二号)と、土地や建物の賃料など賃貸借から生じた債権について、土地であればその土地や利用のための建物に備え付けられた動産、その土地の利用に供された動産と賃借人が占有するその土地の果実、建物であれば賃借人がその建物に備え付けた動産の上に生じるもののように、特定の財産について生じるもの(同法第三百十一条から第三百十三条まで)があります。借地借家法は、地主(借地権設定者)に、支払期限が来た最後の二年分の地代などについて、借地人がその土地に持つ建物の上に先取特権を与えており(借地借家法第十二条第一項)、この先取特権は、地上権や土地の賃貸借の登記をすることで効力が保たれます(同条第二項)。
民法第303条・第306条・第311条・第312条・第313条、借地借家法第12条を参考にAIが作成。