第十四条の十八(譲渡担保権者の物的納税責任)
Article 14-18Liability in Rem for Tax of a Holder of Property Transferred as Security
If a taxpayer or special collection agent is delinquent in local government levies and there is property that the person has transferred and that is the object of security by that transfer (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as "property transferred as security"), the local government levies of the taxpayer or special collection agent may be collected from the property transferred as security only where it is found that the levies to be collected would still fall short even if a delinquent tax collection procedure were carried out against the person's property.
When the head of a local government intends to collect under the preceding paragraph, the head must give notice to the right holder of the property transferred as security (hereinafter in this Article referred to as the "holder of property transferred as security") by a document stating the amount to be collected and other necessary matters; in this case, the head must notify the taxpayer or special collection agent to that effect.
If the amount to be collected has not been paid in full by the day on which 10 days have elapsed from the day on which the notice referred to in the preceding paragraph was issued, a tax collection official may, deeming the holder of property transferred as security to be a secondary taxpayer, carry out a delinquent tax collection procedure against the property transferred as security.
The provisions of Article 11, paragraphs (3) through (5) and Article 13-2 apply mutatis mutandis to the case under the preceding paragraph.
第十一条第三項から第五項まで及び第十三条の二の規定は、前項の場合について準用する。
A seizure made treating property transferred as security as property of the taxpayer or special collection agent referred to in paragraph (1) may, only where the requirements of that paragraph are met, be continued as a delinquent tax collection procedure as a seizure under paragraph (3); in this case, the head of a local government must give the notice and the notification referred to in paragraph (2) without delay.
When continuing a delinquent tax collection procedure under the preceding paragraph, if the property transferred as security is property listed in the following items, the head of a local government must notify the person specified in the relevant item to the effect that the delinquent tax collection procedure is being continued with the seizure made as property of the taxpayer or special collection agent treated as a seizure under paragraph (3).
Movable property in the possession of a third party (meaning movable property prescribed in Article 24, paragraph (5), item (i) of the National Tax Collection Act; the same applies hereinafter in this item) or securities: The third party in possession of the movable property or securities;
第三者が占有する動産(国税徴収法第二十四条第五項第一号に規定する動産をいう。以下この号において同じ。)又は有価証券 動産又は有価証券を占有する第三者
Property subject to the application of Article 62 or Article 73 of the National Tax Collection Act (excluding property for which registration is required for the transfer of rights): A third-party debtor or a person equivalent thereto (referred to as "third-party debtor, etc." in Article 15-2-3, paragraph (3) and Article 16-4, paragraph (10)).
国税徴収法第六十二条又は第七十三条の規定の適用を受ける財産(これらの財産の権利の移転につき登記を要するものを除く。) 第三債務者又はこれに準ずる者(第十五条の二の三第三項及び第十六条の四第十項において「第三債務者等」という。)
When continuing a delinquent tax collection procedure under paragraph (5), if there is a known person among those listed in Article 55, item (i) or (iii) of the National Tax Collection Act, the head of a local government must notify them to the effect that the delinquent tax collection procedure is being continued with the seizure made as property of the taxpayer or special collection agent treated as a seizure under paragraph (3).
Even where, after the notice under paragraph (2) or a seizure subject to the application of paragraph (5) has been made, the claim secured by the transfer of property of the taxpayer or special collection agent has been extinguished for a reason other than performance, such as default (including where a repurchase, promise of resale or similar contract has been concluded with respect to the property transferred as security and that contract has lost its effect for a reason other than performance of the contract, such as the passage of a time limit), paragraph (3) applies as if the property continued to exist as property transferred as security.
The provisions of paragraph (1) do not apply where, on or before the statutory payment due date, etc. of the local government levies, there is a registration of transfer of rights relating to a transfer made for the purpose of security, or where the holder of property transferred as security proves, by the day before the decision to sell the property, the fact that the property had become property transferred as security on or before the statutory payment due date, etc. of the local government levies. In this case, the provisions of the second sentence of Article 14-9, paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) of that Article apply mutatis mutandis.
A holder of property transferred as security to whom the provisions of paragraph (1) apply is deemed to be a taxpayer or special collection agent for the purpose of applying the provisions of this Act concerning offenses relating to delinquent tax collection procedures and offenses of refusal of examination, etc. relating to delinquent tax collection procedures.
略称規定第十一条第一項
地方団体の長は、納税者又は特別徴収義務者の地方団体の徴収金を次条から第十一条の十まで又は第十二条の二第二項若しくは第三項の規定により第二次納税義務を有する者(以下「第二次納税義務者」という。)から徴収しようとするときは、その者に対し…
わかりやすく言うと
第十一条の二から第十一条の十まで又は第十二条の二第二項・第三項の規定により、納税者や特別徴収義務者の地方団体の徴収金について第二次納税義務を負う者のことで、合名会社等の社員、清算人、同族会社、無償の譲受人などが当たります。
略称規定第十四条の十八第一項・この章の中だけ
納税者又は特別徴収義務者が地方団体の徴収金を滞納した場合において、その者が譲渡した財産でその譲渡により担保の目的となつているもの(以下この章において「譲渡担保財産」という。)があるときは…
わかりやすく言うと
地方団体の徴収金を滞納した納税者または特別徴収義務者が譲渡した財産で、その譲渡によって担保の目的となっているもののことです。
略称規定第十四条の十八第二項・この条の中だけ
地方団体の長は、前項の規定により徴収しようとするときは、譲渡担保財産の権利者(以下この条において「譲渡担保権者」という。)に対し、徴収しようとする金額その他必要な事項を記載した文書により告知しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
納税者または特別徴収義務者が譲渡し、その譲渡によって担保の目的となっている財産(譲渡担保財産)について、権利を持つ者のことです。
定義第十四条の十八第六項第一号・この号の中だけ
国税徴収法第二十四条第五項第一号に規定する動産
わかりやすく言うと
国税徴収法第二十四条第五項第一号の動産のことで、国税徴収法第七十条や第七十一条で差し押さえる船舶、航空機、自動車、建設機械、小型船舶は除かれます。
略称規定第十四条の十八第六項第二号・この規定及び第十五条の二の三第三項及び第十六条の四第十項の中だけ
国税徴収法第六十二条又は第七十三条の規定の適用を受ける財産(これらの財産の権利の移転につき登記を要するものを除く。) 第三債務者又はこれに準ずる者(第十五条の二の三第三項及び第十六条の四第十項において「第三債務者等」という。)
わかりやすく言うと
国税徴収法第六十二条(債権の差押え)又は第七十三条(電話加入権など第三債務者等がある財産の差押え)の対象となる財産について、差押えの通知書を送る相手となる第三債務者や、これに準ずる者のことです。
登記
法務局や地方法務局、その支局・出張所である登記所が備える公の帳簿に記録して、権利や事項を公示することです(不動産登記法第一条・第六条第一項)。土地や建物の所有権、地上権、先取特権、抵当権、賃借権などは不動産登記法に基づいて登記することができ(同法第三条)、商法や会社法などの規定で登記すべき事項は商業登記法に基づいて登記されます(商業登記法第一条)。登記をすると、権利などを第三者に対抗(主張)できるようになります。土地や建物の所有権などの物権を取得したり、失ったり、変更したりしたことは、登記をしなければ第三者に対抗することができず(民法第百七十七条)、会社法の規定で登記すべき事項は、登記の後でなければ、そのことを知らない第三者に対抗することができず、登記の後でも、正当な事由によって登記があることを知らなかった第三者には対抗することができません(会社法第九百八条第一項)。
不動産登記法第1条・第3条・第6条、商業登記法第1条、民法第177条、会社法第908条を参考にAIが作成。