国税徴収法
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The National Tax Collection Act (Act No. 21 of 1897) is revised in its entirety.
国税徴収法(明治三十年法律第二十一号)の全部を改正する。
第一章 総則
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1Purpose
The purpose of this Act is to secure national tax revenue through the proper realization of the people's tax liability, while achieving coordination with the private law order, by providing for the matters necessary for the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure for national taxes and other procedures concerning collection.
この法律は、国税の滞納処分その他の徴収に関する手続の執行について必要な事項を定め、私法秩序との調整を図りつつ、国民の納税義務の適正な実現を通じて国税収入を確保することを目的とする。
Article 2Definitions
In this Act, the meanings of the terms set forth in the following items are as prescribed respectively in those items:
この法律において、次の各号に掲げる用語の意義は、当該各号に定めるところによる。
national tax: a tax that the national government imposes, other than customs duty, tonnage tax, special tonnage tax, forest environment tax, and special corporate enterprise tax;
国税 国が課する税のうち関税、とん税、特別とん税、森林環境税及び特別法人事業税以外のものをいう。
local tax: local government levies as prescribed in Article 1, paragraph (1), item (xiv) (Terms) of the Local Tax Act (Act No. 226 of 1950) (including the corresponding levies of Tokyo Metropolis and the special wards), money collected in relation to forest environment tax as prescribed in Article 2, item (v) (Definitions) of the Act on the Forest Environment Tax and the Forest Environment Transfer Tax (Act No. 3 of 2019), and money collected in relation to special corporate enterprise tax as prescribed in Article 2, item (ix) (Definitions) of the Act on the Special Corporate Business Tax and the Special Corporate Business Transfer Tax (Act No. 4 of 2019);
地方税 地方税法(昭和二十五年法律第二百二十六号)第一条第一項第十四号(用語)に規定する地方団体の徴収金(都及び特別区のこれに相当する徴収金を含む。)、森林環境税及び森林環境譲与税に関する法律(平成三十一年法律第三号)第二条第五号(定義)に規定する森林環境税に係る徴収金及び特別法人事業税及び特別法人事業譲与税に関する法律(平成三十一年法律第四号)第二条第九号(定義)に規定する特別法人事業税に係る徴収金をいう。
consumption tax, etc.: consumption tax, liquor tax, tobacco tax, gasoline tax, local gasoline tax, petroleum gas tax, and petroleum and coal tax;
消費税等 消費税、酒税、たばこ税、揮発油税、地方揮発油税、石油ガス税及び石油石炭税をいう。
accessory tax: from among national taxes, delinquent tax, interest tax, penalty tax for understatement, penalty tax for failure to file, penalty tax for non-payment, and heavy penalty tax;
附帯税 国税のうち延滞税、利子税、過少申告加算税、無申告加算税、不納付加算税及び重加算税をいう。
public charge: a claim that can be collected in accordance with the delinquent tax collection procedures, other than national tax (including the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure thereon; the same applies hereinafter) and local tax;
taxpayer: a person who is obligated to pay national tax under the provisions of laws concerning national taxes (excluding national withholding tax as prescribed in Article 2, item (ii) (Definitions) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (Act No. 66 of 1962)), and a person who must collect that national withholding tax and pay it to the national government;
納税者 国税に関する法律の規定により国税(国税通則法(昭和三十七年法律第六十六号)第二条第二号(定義)に規定する源泉徴収等による国税を除く。)を納める義務がある者及び当該源泉徴収等による国税を徴収して国に納付しなければならない者をいう。
secondary taxpayer: a person who bears the obligation to pay the national tax of a taxpayer under the provisions of Articles 33 through 41 (Secondary Tax Liability of Members, etc. of General Partnership Companies, etc.);
第二次納税義務者 第三十三条から第四十一条まで(合名会社等の社員等の第二次納税義務)の規定により納税者の国税を納付する義務を負う者をいう。
guarantor: a person who has given a guarantee for the payment of a taxpayer's national tax under the provisions of laws concerning national taxes;
delinquent taxpayer: a taxpayer who fails to pay the national tax that is required to be paid by its payment deadline (excluding payment deadlines extended under a tax payment grace period as prescribed in Article 47, paragraph (1) (Notice of Tax Payment Grace Period) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, and payment deadlines extended under a grace period for collection or the delinquent tax collection procedure);
滞納者 納税者でその納付すべき国税をその納付の期限(国税通則法第四十七条第一項(納税の猶予の通知等)に規定する納税の猶予又は徴収若しくは滞納処分に関する猶予に係る期限を除く。)までに納付しないものをいう。
statutory due date for tax payment: the due date for payment of national taxes under the provisions of laws concerning national taxes (in the case of the following national taxes, the due dates or the days specified respectively therein). In this case, due dates advanced as prescribed in Article 38, paragraph (2) (Advance Demand) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, due dates extended by postponement of tax payment under the provisions of the Income Tax Act (Act No. 33 of 1965) or the Inheritance Tax Act (Act No. 73 of 1950) (referred to as "postponement of tax payment" in Article 151-2, paragraph (1) (Requirements for Grace Periods for Realization, etc.)), due dates extended under a tax payment grace period as prescribed in Article 47, paragraph (1) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, and due dates extended under a grace period for collection or the delinquent tax collection procedure are not to be included in the due date for payment of the national tax:
法定納期限 国税に関する法律の規定により国税を納付すべき期限(次に掲げる国税については、それぞれ次に定める期限又は日)をいう。この場合において、国税通則法第三十八条第二項(繰上請求)に規定する繰上げに係る期限及び所得税法(昭和四十年法律第三十三号)若しくは相続税法(昭和二十五年法律第七十三号)の規定による延納(第百五十一条の二第一項(換価の猶予の要件等)において「延納」という。)、国税通則法第四十七条第一項に規定する納税の猶予又は徴収若しくは滞納処分に関する猶予に係る期限は、当該国税を納付すべき期限に含まれないものとする。
national tax to be paid under the provisions of Article 35, paragraph (2) (Payment of National Tax using the Self-Assessment System) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes: the due date for payment of the national tax when the provisions of laws concerning national taxes are applied by deeming the amount of national tax to be paid as the amount stated in the return form pertaining to the national tax filed by the due date prescribed in Article 17, paragraph (2) (Filing of a Return by the Due Date) of that Act;
国税通則法第三十五条第二項(申告納税方式による国税等の納付)の規定により納付すべき国税 その国税の額をその国税に係る同法第十七条第二項(期限内申告)に規定する期限内申告書に記載された納付すべき税額とみなして国税に関する法律の規定を適用した場合におけるその国税を納付すべき期限
national tax (excluding national tax which falls under sub-item (c) or (d)) for which notice of tax payment is given after the day designated as the due date for payment of the national tax pursuant to the provisions of laws concerning national taxes: the due date;
国税に関する法律の規定により国税を納付すべき期限とされている日後に納税の告知がされた国税(ハ又はニに掲げる国税に該当するものを除く。) 当該期限
national tax subject to the official assessment system in which the tax is to be collected immediately upon the occurrence of a certain event pursuant to the provisions of laws concerning national taxes: the day on which the event occurs;
国税に関する法律の規定により一定の事実が生じた場合に直ちに徴収するものとされている賦課課税方式による国税 当該事実が生じた日
accessory tax or expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure: the due date for payment of the national tax that was the cause for payment or collection of such accessory tax or expenses (if the national tax falls under any of sub-items (a) through (c), the due date or day listed respectively in those sub-items pertaining to the national tax (in the case of penalty tax for understatement, penalty tax for failure to file, or heavy penalty tax as prescribed in Article 35, paragraph (3) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes pertaining to land value tax, the earlier due date)).
附帯税又は滞納処分費 その納付又は徴収の基因となる国税を納付すべき期限(当該国税がイからハまでに掲げる国税に該当する場合には、それぞれ当該国税に係るイからハまでに掲げる期限(地価税に係る過少申告加算税、無申告加算税及び国税通則法第三十五条第三項に規定する重加算税については、先に到来する期限)又は日)
collection official: a district director or any other official engaged in affairs concerning the collection of national taxes;
徴収職員 税務署長その他国税の徴収に関する事務に従事する職員をいう。
compulsory liquidation procedure: the delinquent tax collection procedure (including dispositions in accordance therewith; the same applies hereinafter), compulsory execution, auction as a means of enforcing a security interest, procedures for the exercise of an enterprise mortgage, procedures for the exercise of an enterprise value charge, and bankruptcy proceedings;
強制換価手続 滞納処分(その例による処分を含む。以下同じ。)、強制執行、担保権の実行としての競売、企業担保権の実行手続、企業価値担保権の実行手続及び破産手続をいう。
enforcement agency: an administrative agency or other person that executes the delinquent tax collection procedure (hereinafter referred to as an "administrative agency, etc."), a court (the court clerk, in the case of enforcement against a claim arising from a small claims action prescribed in Article 167-2, paragraph (2) (Commencement of Enforcement Against a Claim Arising from a Small Claims Action) of the Civil Enforcement Act (Act No. 4 of 1979)), a court enforcement officer, and a bankruptcy trustee.
執行機関 滞納処分を執行する行政機関その他の者(以下「行政機関等」という。)、裁判所(民事執行法(昭和五十四年法律第四号)第百六十七条の二第二項(少額訴訟債権執行の開始等)に規定する少額訴訟債権執行にあつては、裁判所書記官)、執行官及び破産管財人をいう。
Article 3Application of This Act to Associations or Foundations Without Legal Personality
An association or foundation that is not a corporation and for which a representative or administrator has been designated (hereinafter referred to as an "association or foundation without legal personality") is deemed to be a corporation, and the provisions of this Act apply to it.
法人でない社団又は財団で代表者又は管理人の定めがあるもの(以下「人格のない社団等」という。)は、法人とみなして、この法律の規定を適用する。
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
削除
第一節 一般的優先の原則
Section 1 Principle of General Priority
Article 8Principle of Priority of National Tax
National tax is to be collected from the total property of the taxpayer in preference to all public charges and other claims, except as otherwise provided in this Chapter.
Article 9Priority of Expenses of Compulsory Liquidation Procedure
Where a compulsory liquidation procedure is carried out with respect to a taxpayer's property, if a request for share distribution has been made for national tax, that national tax is to be collected, next after the expenses of that procedure, from the money to be distributed through that procedure (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as "proceeds of realization").
Article 10Priority of Direct Expenses for the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure
Where a taxpayer's property has been realized through the delinquent tax collection procedure for national tax, the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to that delinquent tax collection procedure are to be collected from the proceeds of realization in preference to other national tax, local tax and other claims, notwithstanding the provisions of the following Article, Articles 14 through 17 (Priority of National Tax for Which Security Was Taken, etc.), Article 18-2, paragraph (1) (Priority of Enterprise Value Charge Established on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.), Articles 19 through 21 (Priority of Statutory Liens, etc.), and Article 23 (Priority of Claims Secured by Provisional Registration Made on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.).
納税者の財産を国税の滞納処分により換価したときは、その滞納処分に係る滞納処分費は、次条、第十四条から第十七条まで(担保を徴した国税の優先等)、第十八条の二第一項(法定納期限等以前に設定された企業価値担保権の優先等)、第十九条から第二十一条まで(先取特権等の優先)及び第二十三条(法定納期限等以前にされた仮登記により担保される債権の優先等)の規定にかかわらず、その換価代金につき、他の国税、地方税その他の債権に先立つて徴収する。
Article 11Priority of Consumption Tax, etc. in the Case of Compulsory Liquidation
Consumption tax, etc. collected under Article 39 (Special Provisions for Collection of Consumption Tax, etc. in Case of Compulsory Liquidation) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes or Article 8, paragraph (1), item (iii) or item (vii) (Collection of National Consumption Tax in Case of Public Sale or Sale, etc.) of the Act on Collection, etc. of National Consumption Tax Imposed on Imported Goods (Act No. 37 of 1955) (including the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure therefor) is, notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 12 through 17 (Priority of National Tax by Prior Seizure, etc.), Article 18-2, paragraph (1) (Priority of Enterprise Value Charges Created on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.) and Articles 19 through 21 (Priority of Statutory Liens, etc.), collected from the proceeds of realization of the goods pertaining to the removal, public sale or sale that gave rise to the collection, in priority to other national tax, local tax and other claims.
国税通則法第三十九条(強制換価の場合の消費税等の徴収の特例)又は輸入品に対する内国消費税の徴収等に関する法律(昭和三十年法律第三十七号)第八条第一項第三号若しくは第七号(公売又は売却等の場合における内国消費税の徴収)の規定により徴収する消費税等(その滞納処分費を含む。)は、次条から第十七条まで(差押先着手による国税の優先等)、第十八条の二第一項(法定納期限等以前に設定された企業価値担保権の優先等)及び第十九条から第二十一条まで(先取特権等の優先)の規定にかかわらず、その徴収の基因となつた移出又は公売若しくは売却に係る物品の換価代金につき、他の国税、地方税その他の債権に先立つて徴収する。
第二節 国税及び地方税の調整
Section 2 Coordination of National Tax and Local Tax
Article 12Priority of National Tax by Prior Seizure
Where seizure has been made under the delinquent tax collection procedure for national tax on the property of a taxpayer, if a request for share distribution of other national tax or local tax is made, the national tax pertaining to that seizure is collected from the proceeds of realization in priority to the other national tax or local tax pertaining to the request for share distribution.
Where seizure has been made under the delinquent tax collection procedure for national tax or local tax on the property of a taxpayer, if a request for share distribution of national tax is made, the national tax pertaining to the request for share distribution is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the national tax or local tax pertaining to the seizure (excluding expenses to which the provisions of Article 9 (Priority of Expenses of Compulsory Liquidation Procedure) apply).
Article 13Priority of National Tax by Prior Request for Share Distribution
Where a compulsory liquidation procedure (excluding bankruptcy proceedings) has been carried out on the property of a taxpayer, if requests for share distribution of national tax and local tax are made, then from the proceeds of realization, the national tax pertaining to the earlier request for share distribution is collected in priority to the national tax or local tax pertaining to the later request for share distribution, and the national tax pertaining to the later request for share distribution is collected next after the national tax or local tax pertaining to the earlier request for share distribution.
Article 14Priority of National Tax for Which Security Has Been Taken
Where there is property provided as security for national tax, notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding two Articles, that national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization in priority to other national tax and local tax.
第三節 国税と被担保債権との調整
Section 3 Coordination of National Tax and Secured Claims
Article 15Priority of Pledges Established on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.
Where a taxpayer has established a pledge on the taxpayer's property, if the pledge was established on or before the statutory due date for tax payment of the national tax (for the national taxes listed in the following items, the day specified in each such item, and for accessory tax and expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure pertaining to such national tax, the day specified in each such item for the national tax that gave rise to their collection; hereinafter referred to as the "statutory due date for tax payment, etc."), that national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by the pledge.
National tax (including negligence tax) whose payable amount has been determined after the statutory due date for tax payment: the day on which the written notice of reassessment, written notice of determination or written notice of tax payment therefor was issued (for national tax under the self-assessment system that has been determined by a return, the day on which the return was filed);
National tax for which a demand under Article 38, paragraph (1) (Advance Demand) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (hereinafter referred to as an "advance demand") was made before the statutory due date for tax payment: the due date pertaining to that demand;
法定納期限前に国税通則法第三十八条第一項(繰上請求)の規定による請求(以下「繰上請求」という。)がされた国税 当該請求に係る期限
Income tax for the second period (meaning income tax payable in the second period prescribed in Article 104, paragraph (1) (Making Tax Prepayments) of the Income Tax Act (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 166 (Filing of Returns, Payment of Taxes, and Issuance of Refunds) of that Act; the same applies hereinafter in this item) under the provisions of that paragraph, and including income tax payable under the provisions of Article 115 (Special Provisions on the Deadlines for Making Tax Prepayments If the Taxpayer Will Become Absent From Japan) of that Act (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 166 of that Act) that is to be paid after the due date for payment of the income tax payable in the first period prescribed in Article 104, paragraph (1) of that Act): the due date for payment of the income tax payable in that first period;
Inheritance tax or gift tax for which the payable tax amount has been determined by reassessment or determination under Article 35, paragraph (2) (Special Provisions on Reassessment and Determination) of the Inheritance Tax Act: the day on which the written notice of reassessment or written notice of determination therefor was issued;
相続税法第三十五条第二項(更正及び決定の特則)の規定による更正又は決定により納付すべき税額が確定した相続税又は贈与税 その更正通知書又は決定通知書を発した日
Land value tax (excluding that paid by the statutory tax return due date prescribed in Article 2, item (vii) (Definitions) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (hereinafter in this item referred to as the "statutory tax return due date") and that listed in item (i)): the day on which the written notice of reassessment or written notice of determination therefor was issued (for that determined by a return, the day on which the return was filed (if that day is before the statutory tax return due date for the land value tax, that statutory tax return due date));
地価税(国税通則法第二条第七号(定義)に規定する法定申告期限(以下この号において「法定申告期限」という。)までに納付するもの及び第一号に掲げるものを除く。) その更正通知書又は決定通知書を発した日(申告により確定したものについては、その申告があつた日(その日が当該地価税の法定申告期限前である場合には、当該法定申告期限))
Revaluation tax whose determined tax amount is paid in two or more payment periods, and which is paid in a payment period after the first: the first due date for payment of that revaluation tax;
再評価税で確定した税額を二以上の納期において納付するもののうち最初の納期後の納期において納付する再評価税 その再評価税の最初の納期限
National tax listed in Article 15, paragraph (3), items (ii) through (iv) and item (vi) (Establishment of Tax Liability and Determination of the Payable Tax Amount) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (excluding that paid on or before the statutory due date for tax payment): the day on which the written notice of tax payment therefor was issued (for national tax paid after the statutory due date for tax payment without receiving notice of tax payment, the day on which the payment was made);
国税通則法第十五条第三項第二号から第四号まで及び第六号(納税義務の成立及びその納付すべき税額の確定)に掲げる国税(法定納期限以前に納付されたものを除く。) その納税告知書を発した日(納税の告知を受けることなく法定納期限後に納付された国税については、その納付があつた日)
National tax of which notice was given or which was notified under Article 24, paragraph (2) (Liability in Rem for Tax of a Holder of Property Transferred as Security) or Article 159, paragraph (3) (Preservative Seizure) (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 38, paragraph (4) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes): the day on which the written notice or notification under those provisions was issued;
第二十四条第二項(譲渡担保権者の物的納税責任)又は第百五十九条第三項(保全差押え)(国税通則法第三十八条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により告知し、又は通知した金額の国税 これらの規定による告知書又は通知書を発した日
National tax of a decedent (including a person who has made a comprehensive testamentary gift; the same applies hereinafter) collected from the heir's own property (including a comprehensive legatee; the same applies hereinafter), and the heir's own national tax collected from the inherited property (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day on which the inheritance (including a comprehensive testamentary gift; the same applies hereinafter) occurred (for national taxes listed in Article 15, paragraph (3), items (ii) through (iv) and item (vi) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, those for which the written notice of tax payment was issued before that day; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph)): the day on which the inheritance occurred;
相続人(包括受遺者を含む。以下同じ。)の固有の財産から徴収する被相続人(包括遺贈者を含む。以下同じ。)の国税及び相続財産から徴収する相続人の固有の国税(相続(包括遺贈を含む。以下同じ。)があつた日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したもの(国税通則法第十五条第三項第二号から第四号まで及び第六号に掲げる国税については、その日前に納税告知書を発したもの。以下この項において同じ。)に限る。) その相続があつた日
The own national tax of the corporation surviving after a merger or of another merged corporation pertaining to that merger, collected from the property that belonged to a corporation that ceased to exist by the merger (hereinafter referred to as a "merged corporation"), and the national tax of a merged corporation collected from the property of the corporation surviving after the merger (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day of the merger): the day of the merger;
合併により消滅した法人(以下「被合併法人」という。)に属していた財産から徴収する合併後存続する法人又は当該合併に係る他の被合併法人の固有の国税及び合併後存続する法人の固有の財産から徴収する被合併法人の国税(合併のあつた日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したものに限る。) その合併のあつた日
The own national tax of the splitting corporation collected from the property that has come to belong to the corporation that made the split (hereinafter in this item referred to as the "splitting corporation") upon finalization of a judgment invalidating that split, and the national tax of the splitting corporation pertaining to the obligation to pay jointly and severally prescribed in Article 9-2 (Joint and Several Obligation to Pay upon a Judgment Invalidating a Merger, etc. of a Corporation) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, collected from the splitting corporation's own property (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day on which the judgment became final): the day on which the judgment became final;
分割を無効とする判決の確定により当該分割をした法人(以下この号において「分割法人」という。)に属することとなつた財産から徴収する分割法人の固有の国税及び分割法人の固有の財産から徴収する分割法人の国税通則法第九条の二(法人の合併等の無効判決に係る連帯納付義務)に規定する連帯して納付する義務に係る国税(当該判決が確定した日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したものに限る。) 当該判決が確定した日
The own national tax of the successor corporation in a company split (meaning a corporation that succeeded to a business by a split; hereinafter in this item referred to as the "successor corporation in a company split") collected from the property it succeeded from the corporation that made that split (hereinafter in this item referred to as "succeeded property"), the national tax pertaining to the successor corporation in a company split's joint and several liability for payment prescribed in Article 9-3 (Joint and Several Liability for Payment Related to a Corporate Split) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (hereinafter in this item referred to as "joint and several liability for payment") collected from the own property of the successor corporation in a company split, and the national tax of another corporation that made a split pertaining to that split, which pertains to the successor corporation in a company split's joint and several liability for payment, collected from the succeeded property of the successor corporation in a company split (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day of the split): the day of the split; and
分割により事業を承継した法人(以下この号において「分割承継法人」という。)の当該分割をした法人から承継した財産(以下この号において「承継財産」という。)から徴収する分割承継法人の固有の国税、分割承継法人の固有の財産から徴収する分割承継法人の国税通則法第九条の三(法人の分割に係る連帯納付の責任)に規定する連帯納付の責任(以下この号において「連帯納付責任」という。)に係る国税及び分割承継法人の承継財産から徴収する分割承継法人の連帯納付責任に係る当該分割に係る他の分割をした法人の国税(分割のあつた日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したものに限る。) その分割のあつた日
National tax payable as a secondary taxpayer or guarantor: the day on which the written payment notice under Article 32, paragraph (1) (General Rules on Secondary Tax Liability) or Article 52, paragraph (2) (Disposition of the Collateral and Enforcement of Guarantee) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes was issued.
第二次納税義務者又は保証人として納付すべき国税 第三十二条第一項(第二次納税義務の通則)又は国税通則法第五十二条第二項(担保の処分)の納付通知書を発した日
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to a pledge other than a pledge that can be registered (including registration and the electronic record prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) (Definitions) of the Electronically Recorded Monetary Claims Act (Act No. 102 of 2007); the same applies hereinafter) only where the pledgee proves the fact of its establishment to the enforcement agency in a compulsory liquidation procedure. In this case, for a pledge other than a pledge whose object is securities, the proof must be made by means of the following documents:
Notarized deed;
公正証書
A private document bearing a dated seal affixed at a registry office or notary's office;
登記所又は公証人役場において日付のある印章が押されている私署証書
A document for which certification of contents has been received under Article 48, paragraph (1) (Certification of Contents) of the Postal Act (Act No. 165 of 1947);
郵便法(昭和二十二年法律第百六十五号)第四十八条第一項(内容証明)の規定により内容証明を受けた証書
A document delivered under Article 60, paragraph (4) (Preservation, etc. of Information Sufficient to Confirm the Identity of Information Recorded in Certified Electromagnetic Records) of the Notary Act (Act No. 53 of 1908) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 7, paragraph (1) (Application Mutatis Mutandis of the Provisions of the Notary Act) of the Act for Enforcement of the Civil Code (Act No. 11 of 1898).
民法施行法(明治三十一年法律第十一号)第七条第一項(公証人法の規定の準用)において準用する公証人法(明治四十一年法律第五十三号)第六十条第四項(認証を受けた電磁的記録に記録された情報の同一性を確認するに足りる情報の保存等)の規定により交付を受けた書面
A pledge proved under the items of the preceding paragraph is deemed, for the purpose of applying the provisions of paragraph (1), to have been established on the day that is deemed to be a fixed date under the provisions of Article 5 (Instruments with Fixed Date) of the Act for Enforcement of the Civil Code.
A person holding a pledge under paragraph (1) may not exercise priority against a subsequent pledgee who takes priority over the national tax under the provisions of paragraph (1), within the scope of the amount that ranks after the national tax because the person did not make the proof under paragraph (2).
Article 16Priority of Mortgages Created on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.
Where a taxpayer has established a mortgage on the taxpayer's property on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of national tax, that national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by the mortgage.
Article 17Priority of Pledges or Mortgages Created before Acquisition
Where a taxpayer has acquired property on which a pledge or mortgage has been established, national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by the pledge or mortgage.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to a pledge other than a pledge that can be registered only where the pledgee proves, to the enforcement agency in a compulsory liquidation procedure, the fact that the pledge was established before the acquisition under that paragraph. In this case, the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (2), second sentence and paragraph (3) (Proof of Pledges Having Priority) apply mutatis mutandis.
Article 18Limits on the Amount Given Priority for Pledges and Mortgages, etc.
The principal amount of a claim secured by a pledge or mortgage that takes priority over national tax under the provisions of the preceding three Articles is limited to the amount of the claim at the time when the pledgee or mortgagee received notice of the seizure or request for share distribution pertaining to that national tax; provided, however, that this does not apply where it would prejudice the rights of a person holding another claim that takes priority over that national tax.
If registration of an increase in the amount of the claim or the maximum amount secured by a pledge or mortgage is made, the provisions of the preceding three Articles apply as if, at the time of that registration, a pledge or mortgage had been newly created in respect of the increased amount of the claim or maximum amount.
質権又は抵当権により担保される債権額又は極度額を増加する登記がされた場合には、その登記がされた時において、その増加した債権額又は極度額につき新たに質権又は抵当権が設定されたものとみなして、前三条の規定を適用する。
第十八条の二(法定納期限等以前に設定された企業価値担保権の優先等)
Article 18-2Priority of Enterprise Value Charges Created on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.
Where a taxpayer has established an enterprise value charge on the taxpayer's property on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of national tax, that national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by the enterprise value charge.
The principal amount of a specified secured claim prescribed in Article 6, paragraph (4) (Definitions) of the Act on the Promotion of Business Financing, etc. (Act No. 52 of 2024) that is secured by an enterprise value charge that takes priority over national tax under the provisions of the preceding paragraph is limited to the amount of the claim at the time when the holder of the enterprise value charge received notice of the seizure or request for share distribution pertaining to that national tax; provided, however, that this does not apply where it would prejudice the rights of a person holding another claim that takes priority over that national tax.
Article 19Priority of Statutory Liens for Preservation of Real Property, etc.
Where any of the following statutory liens exists on a taxpayer's property, national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by that statutory lien:
Statutory liens for preservation of real property;
不動産保存の先取特権
Statutory liens for construction work for real property;
不動産工事の先取特権
A statutory lien under paragraph (1) (Statutory Liens on Standing Trees) of the Act on Statutory Liens on Standing Trees (Act No. 56 of 1910);
立木の先取特権に関する法律(明治四十三年法律第五十六号)第一項(立木の先取特権)の先取特権
A statutory lien under Article 802 (Statutory Liens on Cargo, etc.) or Article 842 (Statutory Liens on Ships) of the Commercial Code (Act No. 48 of 1899), Article 95, paragraph (1) (Statutory Liens on Ships) of the Act on Limitation of Shipowner Liability (Act No. 94 of 1975), or Article 55, paragraph (1) (Statutory Liens on Ships) of the Act on Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (Act No. 95 of 1975);
商法(明治三十二年法律第四十八号)第八百二条(積荷等についての先取特権)若しくは第八百四十二条(船舶先取特権)、船舶の所有者等の責任の制限に関する法律(昭和五十年法律第九十四号)第九十五条第一項(船舶先取特権)又は船舶油濁等損害賠償保障法(昭和五十年法律第九十五号)第五十五条第一項(船舶先取特権)の先取特権
The statutory lien of a person who has preserved movables for a claim that takes priority over national tax or for national tax.
国税に優先する債権のため又は国税のために動産を保存した者の先取特権
The provisions of items (iii) through (v) of the preceding paragraph (excluding statutory liens listed in item (iii) of that paragraph that have been registered) apply only where the holder of the statutory lien proves to the enforcement agency, in a compulsory liquidation procedure, the fact that the statutory lien exists.
前項第三号から第五号まで(同項第三号に掲げる先取特権で登記をしたものを除く。)の規定は、その先取特権者が、強制換価手続において、その執行機関に対しその先取特権がある事実を証明した場合に限り適用する。
第二十条(法定納期限等以前にある不動産賃貸の先取特権等の優先)
Article 20Priority of Statutory Liens for Lease of Real Property, etc. Existing on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.
Where any of the following statutory liens has existed on a taxpayer's property since on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of national tax, or where the taxpayer has acquired property subject to such a statutory lien, that national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by that statutory lien:
A statutory lien for lease of real property, or any other special statutory lien on movables that ranks equally with a pledge or ahead of these (excluding the statutory liens listed in paragraph (1), items (iii) through (v) of the preceding Article);
不動産賃貸の先取特権その他質権と同一の順位又はこれらに優先する順位の動産に関する特別の先取特権(前条第一項第三号から第五号までに掲げる先取特権を除く。)
Statutory liens for sales of real property;
不動産売買の先取特権
A statutory lien prescribed in Article 12 (Statutory Liens of Lessors) of the Act on Land and Building Leases (Act No. 90 of 1991) or Article 7 (Statutory Liens of Lessors, etc.) of the Act on Temporary Treatment of Land and Building Lease in Relation to Requisitioned Real Properties (Act No. 138 of 1956);
借地借家法(平成三年法律第九十号)第十二条(借地権設定者の先取特権)又は接収不動産に関する借地借家臨時処理法(昭和三十一年法律第百三十八号)第七条(賃貸人等の先取特権)に規定する先取特権
A registered general statutory lien.
登記をした一般の先取特権
The provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the statutory lien listed in item (i) of the preceding paragraph.
Article 21Priority of Rights of Retention
Where a right of retention exists on the property of a taxpayer, if the property is realized by the delinquent tax collection procedure, the national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim that was secured by the right of retention. In this case, that claim is to be distributed in priority to a claim secured by a pledge, mortgage, statutory lien, or the provisional registration for security prescribed in Article 23, paragraph (1) (Priority of Claims Secured by Provisional Registrations Made on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.).
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply only where the holder of the right of retention proves the fact that the right of retention exists to the administrative agency, etc. in the delinquent tax collection procedure.
Article 22Collection of National Tax Where Property Subject to Security Interest Is Transferred
Where a taxpayer does not have other sufficient property to appropriate to national tax, if the taxpayer has transferred property on which the taxpayer established a pledge or mortgage registered after the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of that national tax, then only where it is found that the national tax would still be insufficient even if the delinquent tax collection procedure were executed against the taxpayer's property, that national tax may be collected from the pledgee or mortgagee, out of the amount they are to receive by distribution in respect of the claim secured by the pledge or mortgage in the compulsory liquidation procedure for the property relating to the transfer.
The amount that may be collected under the preceding paragraph may not exceed the amount obtained by deducting the amount listed in item (ii) from the amount listed in item (i).
The amount that the claim prescribed in the preceding paragraph is to receive by distribution from the proceeds of realization of the property relating to the transfer referred to in that paragraph;
The amount that the claim referred to in the preceding paragraph would receive by distribution if the property referred to in the preceding item were deemed to be the taxpayer's property and a request for share distribution of the national tax referred to in the preceding paragraph had been made for the proceeds of realization of that property.
In order to collect national tax under the provisions of paragraph (1), the district director may subrogate to the pledgee or mortgagee referred to in that paragraph and enforce the pledge or mortgage.
When the district director intends to collect national tax under the provisions of paragraph (1), the district director must notify the pledgee or mortgagee to that effect.
Where a compulsory liquidation procedure has been carried out for the property relating to the transfer referred to in paragraph (1), the district director may make a request for share distribution to the enforcement agency for the national tax in the amount that may be collected under the provisions of that paragraph.
第四節 国税と仮登記又は譲渡担保に係る債権との調整
Section 4 Coordination of National Tax and Claims Relating to Provisional Registration or Transfer as Security
第二十三条(法定納期限等以前にされた仮登記により担保される債権の優先等)
Article 23Priority of Claims Secured by Provisional Registrations Made on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.
Where a provisional registration or provisional recording based on a contract for establishment of security interest by use of provisional registration prescribed in Article 1 (Purpose) of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration (Act No. 78 of 1978) (hereinafter referred to as a "provisional registration for security") has been made, on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of national tax, on a taxpayer's property with the taxpayer as the person obliged to register (including a person obliged to record), that national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by that provisional registration for security.
Where, on a taxpayer's property for which a provisional registration for security has been made, there is a statutory lien listed in the items of Article 19, paragraph (1) (Priority of Statutory Liens for Preservation of Real Property, etc.), or there has been, since on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of national tax, a statutory lien listed in the items of Article 20, paragraph (1) (Priority of Statutory Liens for Lease of Real Property, etc. Existing on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.), or a pledge or mortgage has been established or a provisional registration for security has been made on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of the national tax, that national tax is collected, from the proceeds of realization relating to the settlement money prescribed in Article 3, paragraph (1) (Settlement Money) of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 20 (Application Mutatis Mutandis to Contracts Whose Object Is a Right Other Than Ownership of Land, etc.) of that Act), next after the claims secured by those statutory liens, pledges and mortgages whose rights have been exercised under the provisions of Article 4, paragraph (1) (Subrogation) of that Act (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 20 of that Act), and by the subsequent provisional registrations for security prescribed in Article 4, paragraph (2) of that Act whose rights have been exercised under the provisions of Article 4, paragraph (1) of that Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 4, paragraph (2) of that Act (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 20 of that Act).
担保のための仮登記がされている納税者の財産上に、第十九条第一項各号(不動産保存の先取特権等の優先)に掲げる先取特権があるとき、国税の法定納期限等以前から第二十条第一項各号(法定納期限等以前にある不動産賃貸の先取特権等の優先)に掲げる先取特権があるとき、又は国税の法定納期限等以前に質権若しくは抵当権が設定され、若しくは担保のための仮登記がされているときは、その国税は、仮登記担保契約に関する法律第三条第一項(清算金)(同法第二十条(土地等の所有権以外の権利を目的とする契約への準用)において準用する場合を含む。)に規定する清算金に係る換価代金につき、同法第四条第一項(物上代位)(同法第二十条において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により権利が行使されたこれらの先取特権、質権及び抵当権並びに同法第四条第二項(同法第二十条において準用する場合を含む。)において準用する同法第四条第一項の規定により権利が行使された同条第二項に規定する後順位の担保仮登記により担保される債権に次いで徴収する。
The provisions of Article 17, paragraph (1) (Priority of Pledges or Mortgages Created before Acquisition) apply mutatis mutandis where a taxpayer has acquired property on which a provisional registration for security has been made, and the provisions of the preceding Article (excluding paragraph (3)) apply mutatis mutandis where a taxpayer who does not have other sufficient property to appropriate to national tax has transferred property on which the taxpayer made a provisional registration for security after the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of that national tax, respectively.
A provisional registration and a provisional recording based on a contract for establishment of security interest by use of provisional registration prescribed in Article 1 of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration, under which the monetary obligation to be extinguished is not specified at the time of the contract, have no effect in the delinquent tax collection procedure for national tax.
仮登記担保契約に関する法律第一条に規定する仮登記担保契約で、消滅すべき金銭債務がその契約の時に特定されていないものに基づく仮登記及び仮登録は、国税の滞納処分においては、その効力を有しない。
Article 24Liability in Rem for Tax of a Holder of Property Transferred as Security
Where a taxpayer is delinquent in paying national tax, if there is property that the taxpayer has transferred and that has become the object of security by that transfer (hereinafter referred to as "property transferred as security"), the taxpayer's national tax may be collected from the property transferred as security only where it is found that the national tax to be collected would still be insufficient even if the delinquent tax collection procedure were executed against the taxpayer's property.
When the district director intends to collect under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the district director must give notice, by a document stating the amount to be collected and other necessary matters, to the right holder of the property transferred as security (hereinafter referred to as "holder of property transferred as security"). In this case, the district director must notify that fact to the district director competent over the location of the holder's domicile or residence (including offices and places of business; the same applies hereinafter) and to the taxpayer.
If the amount to be collected has not been paid in full by the day on which 10 days have elapsed from the day on which the written notice under the preceding paragraph was issued, a collection official may execute the delinquent tax collection procedure against the property transferred as security, deeming the holder of property transferred as security to be a secondary taxpayer. In this case, the provisions of Article 32, paragraphs (3) through (5) (General Rules on Secondary Tax Liability) and Article 90, paragraph (3) (Restrictions on Realization) apply mutatis mutandis.
Where property transferred as security has been seized as the taxpayer's property referred to in paragraph (1), the delinquent tax collection procedure may be continued by treating the seizure as seizure under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, only where the requirements of paragraph (1) are met. In this case, the district director must without delay give the notice and make the notification under paragraph (2).
When continuing the delinquent tax collection procedure under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the property transferred as security is property listed in the following items, the district director must notify the person specified in each such item that the delinquent tax collection procedure will be continued by treating the seizure made as seizure of the taxpayer's property as seizure under the provisions of paragraph (3).
Movables in the possession of a third party (excluding property subject to the provisions of Article 70 (Seizure of Ships or Aircraft) or Article 71 (Seizure of Motor Vehicles, Construction Machinery or Small Vessels); the same applies hereinafter) or securities: the third party in possession of the movables or securities;
Property subject to the provisions of Article 62 (Procedures for Seizure and Time of Taking Effect) or Article 73 (Procedures for Seizure of Telephone Subscription Rights, etc. and Time of Taking Effect) (excluding property for which registration is required for the transfer of rights in it): a third-party debtor or a person equivalent thereto (hereinafter referred to as "third-party debtor, etc.").
When continuing the delinquent tax collection procedure under the provisions of paragraph (4), if there is a known person among those listed in Article 55, item (i) or item (iii) (Notice of Seizure to Pledgees, etc.), the district director must notify them that the delinquent tax collection procedure will be continued by treating the seizure made as seizure of the taxpayer's property as seizure under the provisions of paragraph (3).
Where, after notice under the provisions of paragraph (2) has been given or seizure subject to the provisions of paragraph (4) has been made, the claim secured by the transfer of the taxpayer's property is extinguished by default or for any other reason except performance (including where a contract of repurchase, reservation of resale or any similar contract has been concluded with respect to the property transferred as security and that contract loses effect for a reason other than performance of the contract, such as lapse of a time limit), the provisions of paragraph (3) apply even in that case, deeming the property to continue to exist as property transferred as security.
The provisions of paragraph (1) do not apply where, on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of national tax, there is registration of transfer of rights relating to a transfer made for the purpose of security, or where the holder of property transferred as security proves, by the day before the decision to sell the property, that the property had become property transferred as security on or before the statutory due date for tax payment, etc. of the national tax. In this case, the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (2), second sentence and paragraph (3) (Proof of Pledges Having Priority) apply mutatis mutandis.
A holder of property transferred as security who is subject to the provisions of paragraph (1) is deemed to be a taxpayer for the purpose of applying the provisions of Chapter X (Penal Provisions).
Article 25Special Provisions on the Realization of Property Transferred as Security, etc.
Where there is property transferred as security for which registration of a sale with a special agreement of repurchase, provisional registration (including provisional recording; the same applies hereinafter) for the preservation of a claim under a reservation of resale, or other similar registration (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "registration of repurchase right, etc.") has been made, and the right holder of the registration of repurchase right, etc. is a delinquent taxpayer, the seized right pertaining to the registration of repurchase right, etc. and the property transferred as security with that registration of repurchase right, etc. that has been seized under the provisions of paragraph (3) of the preceding Article may be realized together.
Beyond what is prescribed in the preceding Article and the preceding paragraph, matters necessary for the collection of a taxpayer's national tax from property transferred as security are specified by Cabinet Order.
第五節 国税及び地方税等と私債権との競合の調整
Section 5 Adjustment of Competition between National Tax and Local Tax, etc. and Private Claims
Article 26Adjustment of Competition between National Tax and Local Tax, etc. and Private Claims
Where, in a compulsory liquidation procedure, national tax competes with other national tax, local tax, or public charges (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "local tax, etc.") and other claims (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "private claims"), and under the provisions of this Chapter, the Local Tax Act, or other Acts, the national tax takes priority over the local tax, etc., and the private claims are subordinate to the local tax, etc. and take priority over that national tax, or the national tax is subordinate to the local tax, etc., and the private claims take priority over the local tax, etc. and are subordinate to that national tax, the distribution of the proceeds of realization is as provided in the following items.
Where there are the expenses or expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure prescribed in Article 9 (Priority of Expenses of Compulsory Liquidation Procedure) or Article 10 (Priority of Direct Expenses for the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure), the national tax prescribed in Article 11 (Priority of Consumption Tax, etc. in the Case of Compulsory Liquidation) (including local tax that has a priority right equivalent thereto under the provisions of the Local Tax Act), claims subject to the application of the provisions of Article 21 (Priority of Rights of Retention), claims subject to the application of the provisions of Article 59, paragraph (3) or (4) (Priority of Prepaid Rent) (including the case where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 71, paragraph (4) (Provisions Applied Mutatis Mutandis to Motor Vehicles, etc.)), or claims subject to the application of the provisions of Article 19 (Priority of Statutory Liens for Preservation of Real Property, etc.), the proceeds are to be applied to each of these in that order;
With respect to the national tax, local tax, etc., and private claims (excluding those subject to the application of the provisions of the preceding item), the total amounts to be applied to the national tax, local tax, etc., and private claims are each determined by applying the provisions of this Chapter, the Local Tax Act, or other Acts in sequence, starting with the one whose statutory due date for tax payment, etc. (including the corresponding due date for payment, etc. of local tax or public charges) or whose time of creation, registration, transfer, or establishment is the earliest;
The total amount to be applied to the national tax and local tax, etc. determined under the provisions of the preceding item is applied in sequence to the national tax and local tax, etc. in accordance with the provisions of Article 8 (Principle of Priority of National Tax) or Articles 12 through 14 (Priority of National Tax by Prior Seizure, etc.), or the provisions of the Local Tax Act or other Acts corresponding to these; and
The total amount to be applied to the private claims determined under the provisions of item (ii) is applied in sequence to the private claims in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896) and other Acts.
第二号の規定により定めた私債権に充てるべき金額の総額を民法(明治二十九年法律第八十九号)その他の法律の規定により順次私債権に充てる。
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
削除
Article 32General Rules on Secondary Tax Liability
When the district director intends to collect a taxpayer's national tax from a secondary taxpayer, the district director must give notice to that person, as provided by Cabinet Order, by a written payment notice stating the amount to be collected, the payment deadline, and other necessary particulars. In this case, the district director must notify the district director who has jurisdiction over the location of that person's domicile or residence to that effect.
If the secondary taxpayer does not pay the national tax in full by the payment deadline under the preceding paragraph, the district director must demand payment by a written payment reminder, except where making a demand under the provisions of Article 38, paragraphs (1) and (2) (Advance Demand) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the following paragraph. In this case, the written payment reminder is to be issued within 50 days from the payment deadline, except where otherwise provided in Acts relating to national tax.
The provisions of Article 38, paragraphs (1) and (2) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Chapter IV, Section 1 (Tax Payment Grace Period) of that Act, and Article 55 (Consignment of Payment) of that Act apply mutatis mutandis to the case under paragraph (1).
国税通則法第三十八条第一項及び第二項、同法第四章第一節(納税の猶予)並びに同法第五十五条(納付委託)の規定は、第一項の場合について準用する。
Realization of the property of a secondary taxpayer may be carried out only after the property of the taxpayer under paragraph (1) has been put up for realization, except where there is a risk that the value of that property will decrease significantly.
The provisions of this Chapter do not preclude the exercise by a secondary taxpayer of a right of reimbursement against the taxpayer under paragraph (1).
Article 33Secondary Tax Liability of Members of General Partnership Companies, etc.
Where a general partnership company or limited partnership company, or a certified public tax accountant corporation, attorney corporation, foreign law solicitor corporation, attorney-foreign law solicitor joint corporation, audit corporation, patent attorney corporation, judicial scrivener corporation, administrative scrivener corporation, social and labour insurance consultant corporation, or land and buildings investigator corporation is delinquent in national tax, and it is found that the amount to be collected will still be insufficient even if delinquent tax collection procedures are executed against its property, its members (in the case of a limited partnership company and an audit corporation, members with unlimited liability) bear secondary tax liability for the national tax relating to that delinquency. In this case, those members are jointly and severally liable.
合名会社若しくは合資会社又は税理士法人、弁護士法人、外国法事務弁護士法人、弁護士・外国法事務弁護士共同法人、監査法人、弁理士法人、司法書士法人、行政書士法人、社会保険労務士法人若しくは土地家屋調査士法人が国税を滞納した場合において、その財産につき滞納処分を執行してもなおその徴収すべき額に不足すると認められるときは、その社員(合資会社及び監査法人にあつては、無限責任社員)は、その滞納に係る国税の第二次納税義務を負う。この場合において、その社員は、連帯してその責めに任ずる。
Article 34Secondary Tax Liability of Liquidators, etc.
Where a corporation has been dissolved and has distributed or delivered its residual property without paying the national tax that is to be imposed on it or that it is to pay, only where it is found that the amount to be collected will still be insufficient even if delinquent tax collection procedures are executed against that corporation, the liquidators and the persons who received the distribution or delivery of the residual property (excluding persons subject to the application of the provisions of the preceding Article; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) bear secondary tax liability for the national tax relating to that delinquency; provided, however, that a liquidator is liable to the extent of the value of the property distributed or delivered, and a person who received the distribution or delivery of the residual property is liable to the extent of the value of the property received.
Where a trust prescribed in Article 175 (Grounds for Commencement of Liquidation) of the Trust Act (Act No. 108 of 2006) has terminated and the liquidating trustee for that trust (meaning the liquidating trustee prescribed in Article 177 (Duties of Liquidating Trustee) of that Act; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) has provided property belonging to the trust property to residual property beneficiaries, etc. (meaning the residual property beneficiaries, etc. prescribed in Article 182, paragraph (2) (Vesting of Residual Property) of that Act; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) without paying the national tax that is to be imposed on that liquidating trustee or that the liquidating trustee is to pay (limited to national tax for which the obligation to pay constitutes an obligation borne by the trust property (meaning the obligation borne by the trust property prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (9) (Definitions) of that Act); the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph), only where it is found that the amount to be collected will still be insufficient even if delinquent tax collection procedures are executed against that liquidating trustee, the liquidating trustee (limited to a liquidating trustee who bears responsibility for performing the obligation to pay that national tax solely with property belonging to the trust property; hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as the "specified liquidating trustee") and the residual property beneficiaries, etc. bear secondary tax liability for the national tax relating to that delinquency; provided, however, that the specified liquidating trustee is liable to the extent of the value of the property provided, and the residual property beneficiaries, etc. are liable to the extent of the value of the property received.
信託法(平成十八年法律第百八号)第百七十五条(清算の開始原因)に規定する信託が終了した場合において、その信託に係る清算受託者(同法第百七十七条(清算受託者の職務)に規定する清算受託者をいう。以下この項において同じ。)に課されるべき、又はその清算受託者が納付すべき国税(その納める義務が信託財産責任負担債務(同法第二条第九項(定義)に規定する信託財産責任負担債務をいう。)となるものに限る。以下この項において同じ。)を納付しないで信託財産に属する財産を残余財産受益者等(同法第百八十二条第二項(残余財産の帰属)に規定する残余財産受益者等をいう。以下この項において同じ。)に給付をしたときは、その清算受託者に対し滞納処分を執行してもなおその徴収すべき額に不足すると認められる場合に限り、清算受託者(信託財産に属する財産のみをもつて当該国税を納める義務を履行する責任を負う清算受託者に限る。以下この項において「特定清算受託者」という。)及び残余財産受益者等は、その滞納に係る国税につき第二次納税義務を負う。ただし、特定清算受託者は給付をした財産の価額の限度において、残余財産受益者等は給付を受けた財産の価額の限度において、それぞれその責めに任ずる。
Article 35Secondary Tax Liability of Family Corporations
Where a delinquent taxpayer holds shares or capital contributions in a company that would fall under the company prescribed in Article 2, item (x) (Definition of Family Corporation) of the Corporation Tax Act (Act No. 34 of 1965) if that person were selected as the shareholder or member forming the basis of the determination (hereinafter referred to as a "family corporation"), and there is a reason set out in the following items with respect to those shares or capital contributions, and it is found that the national tax to be collected will still be insufficient even if delinquent tax collection procedures are executed against that person's property (excluding those shares or capital contributions), that company bears secondary tax liability for the national tax relating to that delinquency, to the extent of the value of the shares or capital contributions held (excluding those acquired one year or more before the statutory due date for tax payment of the national tax relating to that delinquency (for national tax to be paid by way of an amended return or reassessment that reduces the amount of tax by an amount equivalent to the amount of a refund of national tax under the provisions of Acts relating to national tax, and for the accessory tax and expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to that national tax, the date on which the return, reassessment, or determination that was the cause of that refund was made, and for negligence tax, the date on which the tax liability was established; the same applies hereinafter in this Chapter)).
滞納者がその者を判定の基礎となる株主又は社員として選定した場合に法人税法(昭和四十年法律第三十四号)第二条第十号(同族会社の定義)に規定する会社に該当する会社(以下「同族会社」という。)の株式又は出資を有する場合において、その株式又は出資につき次に掲げる理由があり、かつ、その者の財産(当該株式又は出資を除く。)につき滞納処分を執行してもなお徴収すべき国税に不足すると認められるときは、その有する当該株式又は出資(当該滞納に係る国税の法定納期限(国税に関する法律の規定による国税の還付金の額に相当する税額を減少させる修正申告又は更正により納付すべき国税並びに当該国税に係る附帯税及び滞納処分費については、その還付の基因となつた申告、更正又は決定があつた日とし、過怠税については、その納税義務の成立の日とする。以下この章において同じ。)の一年以上前に取得したものを除く。)の価額の限度において、当該会社は、その滞納に係る国税の第二次納税義務を負う。
that even after the shares or capital contributions have been put up for realization again, there is no purchaser;
その株式又は出資を再度換価に付してもなお買受人がないこと。
that, because there are restrictions on the transfer of the shares or capital contributions under an Act or the articles of incorporation, or because share certificates have not been issued, there is an obstacle to transferring them.
その株式若しくは出資の譲渡につき法律若しくは定款に制限があり、又は株券の発行がないため、これらを譲渡することにつき支障があること。
The value of the shares or capital contributions of the family corporation under the preceding paragraph is the amount calculated on the basis of the amount obtained by dividing the amount remaining after deducting the total amount of liabilities from the total amount of assets of that company at the time of issuing the written payment notice under Article 32, paragraph (1) (Notice to Secondary Taxpayers) by the number of those shares or capital contributions.
The determination of whether a company is a family corporation under paragraph (1) is made according to its current condition at the time of issuing the written payment notice under Article 32, paragraph (1).
Article 36Secondary Tax Liability for Substantively Taxed Amounts, etc.
Where it is found that the amount to be collected will still be insufficient even if delinquent tax collection procedures are executed with respect to the delinquent taxpayer's national tax listed in the following items, the person specified in item (i) bears secondary tax liability for the national tax relating to that delinquency to the extent of the property from which the profits prescribed in that item arose (including property acquired through a change in that property and property acquired on the basis of these properties (hereinafter in this Article and the following Article referred to as "acquired property")), the person specified in item (ii) to the extent of the property relating to the lending prescribed in that item (including acquired property), and the person specified in item (iii) to the extent of the amount of the benefit received.
National tax imposed under Article 12 (Principle of Taxing the Actual Earner) or Article 158 (Presuming the Attribution of Income of a Place of Business) of the Income Tax Act, or Article 11 (Principle of Taxing the Actual Earner) of the Corporation Tax Act: the person to whom the profits that were the basis of the imposition of that national tax are regarded as legally belonging
National tax imposed under Article 13 (Substantive Determination of the Person Who Made a Transfer, etc. of Assets or a Specified Purchase) of the Consumption Tax Act (Act No. 108 of 1988) (limited to the portion relating to the lending prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1), item (viii) (Definitions) of that Act): the person who is regarded as having legally made the lending that was the basis of the imposition of that national tax
消費税法(昭和六十三年法律第百八号)第十三条(資産の譲渡等又は特定仕入れを行つた者の実質判定)の規定により課された国税(同法第二条第一項第八号(定義)に規定する貸付けに係る部分に限る。) その国税の賦課の基因となつた当該貸付けを法律上行つたとみられる者
National tax imposed under Article 157 (Negation of Actions or Calculations by a Family Company, etc.) or Article 168-2 (Denial of Acts or Calculations Related to Income Attributable to a Permanent Establishment of a Nonresident) of the Income Tax Act, Article 132 (Rejection of Acts or Calculations by Family Companies), Article 132-2 (Rejection of Acts or Calculations Pertaining to Organizational Restructuring), Article 132-3 (Rejection of Acts or Calculations Pertaining to Group Tax Sharing Corporations), or Article 147-2 (Rejection of Acts or Calculations Pertaining to Income Attributable to a Permanent Establishment of a Foreign Corporation) of the Corporation Tax Act, Article 64 (Negation of Actions or Calculations by a Family Company, etc.) of the Inheritance Tax Act, or Article 32 (Negation of Actions or Calculations by a Family Company, etc.) of the Land-holding Tax Act (Act No. 69 of 1991): the person who is considered to have received a benefit from the act of the taxpayer that was denied under these provisions (including the act that was the basis of the calculation that was denied)
所得税法第百五十七条(同族会社等の行為又は計算の否認等)若しくは第百六十八条の二(非居住者の恒久的施設帰属所得に係る行為又は計算の否認)、法人税法第百三十二条(同族会社等の行為又は計算の否認)、第百三十二条の二(組織再編成に係る行為又は計算の否認)、第百三十二条の三(通算法人に係る行為又は計算の否認)若しくは第百四十七条の二(外国法人の恒久的施設帰属所得に係る行為又は計算の否認)、相続税法第六十四条(同族会社等の行為又は計算の否認等)又は地価税法(平成三年法律第六十九号)第三十二条(同族会社等の行為又は計算の否認等)の規定により課された国税 これらの規定により否認された納税者の行為(否認された計算の基礎となつた行為を含む。)につき利益を受けたものとされる者
Article 37Secondary Tax Liability of Joint Business Operators
In the case where a person listed in the following items holds important property indispensable for carrying out the taxpayer's business and the income arising from that property constitutes the taxpayer's income, if the taxpayer is delinquent in paying the national tax pertaining to the business for which the property is used, and it is found that the amount to be collected is still insufficient even after the delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on that national tax, the person listed in the relevant item is to bear secondary tax liability for the national tax pertaining to that delinquency, up to the limit of that property (including acquired property).
Where the taxpayer is an individual: a spouse or other relative sharing the same livelihood with that individual who receives income from the business operated by the taxpayer;
納税者が個人である場合 その者と生計を一にする配偶者その他の親族でその納税者の経営する事業から所得を受けているもの
Where the taxpayer is a family corporation in its present condition at the time the relevant fact occurred: the shareholders or members who formed the basis for that determination.
Article 38Secondary Tax Liability of Persons in a Special Relationship Who Have Taken Over a Business
In the case where a taxpayer has transferred a business to an individual who is a relative sharing the same livelihood with the taxpayer or otherwise has a special relationship with the taxpayer, or to a controlled company (meaning a company that would fall under the company prescribed in Article 67, paragraph (2) of the Corporation Tax Act (Special Tax Rate for Specified Family Companies) if the taxpayer were selected as the shareholder or member forming the basis for the determination, and including a corporation similar thereto), in either case one specified by Cabinet Order, and the transferee carries on the same or a similar business, if the taxpayer is delinquent in paying the national tax pertaining to that business, and it is found that the amount to be collected is still insufficient even after the delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on that national tax, the transferee is to bear secondary tax liability for the national tax pertaining to that delinquency, up to the limit of the value of the transferred property; provided, however, that this does not apply if the transfer was made one year or more before the statutory due date for tax payment of the national tax pertaining to the delinquency.
納税者が生計を一にする親族その他納税者と特殊な関係のある個人又は被支配会社(当該納税者を判定の基礎となる株主又は社員として選定した場合に法人税法第六十七条第二項(特定同族会社の特別税率)に規定する会社に該当する会社をいい、これに類する法人を含む。)で政令で定めるものに事業を譲渡し、かつ、その譲受人が同一又は類似の事業を営んでいる場合において、その納税者が当該事業に係る国税を滞納し、その国税につき滞納処分を執行してもなおその徴収すべき額に不足すると認められるときは、その譲受人は、譲受財産の価額の限度において、その滞納に係る国税の第二次納税義務を負う。ただし、その譲渡が滞納に係る国税の法定納期限より一年以上前にされている場合は、この限りでない。
Article 39Secondary Tax Liability of Transferees for No Consideration or at a Remarkably Low Price, etc.
In the case where it is found that the amount to be collected is still insufficient even after the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure on a delinquent taxpayer's national tax (including, where a request has been made for collection assistance by a tax treaty partner, etc. (meaning assistance, based on the provisions of a tax treaty, etc. (meaning a tax treaty, etc. as prescribed in Article 2, item (ii) (Definitions) of the Act on Special Provisions of the Income Tax Act, the Corporation Tax Act and the Local Tax Act Incidental to Enforcement of Tax Treaties, etc. (Act No. 46 of 1969)), by the treaty partner of that tax treaty, etc. (meaning a treaty partner as prescribed in Article 2, item (iii) of that Act) in the collection of a national tax subject to collection assistance (meaning a national tax subject to collection assistance as prescribed in Article 11-2, paragraph (1) (Assistance in the Collection of National Tax) of that Act); referred to as "collection assistance by a tax treaty partner, etc." in Article 153, paragraph (1), item (i) (Requirements for Suspension of Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures, etc.) and Article 187, paragraphs (1) and (2) (Penal Provisions)), collection pursuant to that request), and that insufficiency is found to be attributable to a transfer, made by the delinquent taxpayer on or after the day one year before the statutory due date for tax payment of that national tax, of the delinquent taxpayer's property for no consideration or for consideration of a remarkably low amount (excluding a transfer made for the purpose of security), a waiver of an obligation, or any other disposition that gives a benefit to a third party, as specified by Cabinet Order, a person who has acquired a right or been relieved of an obligation by those dispositions is to bear secondary tax liability for the national tax pertaining to that delinquency, up to the limit of the extent to which the benefit received by those dispositions currently exists (or, if at the time of those dispositions those persons were a relative of the delinquent taxpayer or other individual who has a special relationship with the delinquent taxpayer, or a family corporation (including a corporation similar thereto) specified by Cabinet Order (referred to as "relative or other person with a special relationship" in Article 58, paragraph (1) (Procedure for Seizure of Movables, etc. in the Possession of a Third Party) and Article 142, paragraph (2), item (ii) (Authority and Methods of Search)), up to the limit of the benefit received by those dispositions).
滞納者の国税につき滞納処分の執行(租税条約等(租税条約等の実施に伴う所得税法、法人税法及び地方税法の特例等に関する法律(昭和四十四年法律第四十六号)第二条第二号(定義)に規定する租税条約等をいう。)の規定に基づく当該租税条約等の相手国等(同条第三号に規定する相手国等をいう。)に対する共助対象国税(同法第十一条の二第一項(国税の徴収の共助)に規定する共助対象国税をいう。)の徴収の共助(第百五十三条第一項第一号(滞納処分の停止の要件等)並びに第百八十七条第一項及び第二項(罰則)において「租税条約等の相手国等に対する共助対象国税の徴収の共助」という。)の要請をした場合には、当該要請による徴収を含む。)をしてもなおその徴収すべき額に不足すると認められる場合において、その不足すると認められることが、当該国税の法定納期限の一年前の日以後に、滞納者がその財産につき行つた政令で定める無償又は著しく低い額の対価による譲渡(担保の目的でする譲渡を除く。)、債務の免除その他第三者に利益を与える処分に基因すると認められるときは、これらの処分により権利を取得し、又は義務を免れた者は、これらの処分により受けた利益が現に存する限度(これらの者がその処分の時にその滞納者の親族その他滞納者と特殊な関係のある個人又は同族会社(これに類する法人を含む。)で政令で定めるもの(第五十八条第一項(第三者が占有する動産等の差押手続)及び第百四十二条第二項第二号(捜索の権限及び方法)において「親族その他の特殊関係者」という。)であるときは、これらの処分により受けた利益の限度)において、その滞納に係る国税の第二次納税義務を負う。
第四十条(偽りその他不正の行為により国税を免れた株式会社の役員等の第二次納税義務)
Article 40Secondary Tax Liability of Officers, etc. of Stock Companies That Have Evaded National Tax by Deceit or Other Wrongful Acts
In the case where a stock company, limited partnership company, or limited liability company that has evaded national tax, or received a refund of national tax, by deceit or other wrongful acts has not paid that national tax (including the accessory tax on it; the same applies hereinafter in this Article), when it is found that the amount to be collected is still insufficient even after the delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on that stock company, limited partnership company, or limited liability company (in the case of a limited partnership company, only where it is found that the amount to be collected is still insufficient even after the delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on the members with unlimited liability referred to in Article 33 (Secondary Tax Liability of Members of General Partnership Companies, etc.)), the officers of that stock company who engaged in that deceit or other wrongful acts, or the members with limited liability who execute the business of that limited partnership company or limited liability company (limited to the officers or members with limited liability in the case where, if those officers or members with limited liability were selected as the shareholders or members forming the basis for the determination, that stock company, limited partnership company, or limited liability company would fall under the company prescribed in Article 67, paragraph (2) of the Corporation Tax Act (Special Tax Rate for Specified Family Companies); hereinafter in this Article referred to as "specified officers, etc.") are to bear secondary tax liability for the national tax pertaining to that delinquency, up to the limit of the lower of the amount of the national tax evaded or refunded by that deceit or other wrongful acts and the value of the property of that stock company, limited partnership company, or limited liability company that, on or after the time of that deceit or other wrongful acts, was transferred to the specified officers, etc. or transferred by the specified officers, etc. (excluding property transferred as a transaction specified by Cabinet Order, such as a transaction that gives rise to the amount of cost of sales, selling expenses, or general and administrative expenses pertaining to the revenue of each business year of that stock company, limited partnership company, or limited liability company and that is found, in light of the content of the transactions of that stock company, limited partnership company, or limited liability company and other circumstances, to have been carried out with the counterparty to the transaction in accordance with ordinary transaction terms).
偽りその他不正の行為により国税を免れ、又は国税の還付を受けた株式会社、合資会社又は合同会社がその国税(その附帯税を含む。以下この条において同じ。)を納付していない場合において、その株式会社、合資会社又は合同会社に対し滞納処分を執行してもなおその徴収すべき額に不足すると認められるとき(合資会社にあつては、第三十三条(合名会社等の社員の第二次納税義務)の無限責任社員に対し滞納処分を執行してもなおその徴収すべき額に不足すると認められる場合に限る。)は、その偽りその他不正の行為をしたその株式会社の役員又はその合資会社若しくは合同会社の業務を執行する有限責任社員(その役員又は有限責任社員を判定の基礎となる株主又は社員として選定した場合にその株式会社、合資会社又は合同会社が法人税法第六十七条第二項(特定同族会社の特別税率)に規定する会社に該当する場合におけるその役員又は有限責任社員に限る。以下この条において「特定役員等」という。)は、その偽りその他不正の行為により免れ、若しくは還付を受けた国税の額又はその株式会社、合資会社若しくは合同会社の財産のうち、その偽りその他不正の行為があつた時以後に、その特定役員等が移転を受けたもの及びその特定役員等が移転をしたもの(その株式会社、合資会社又は合同会社の取引の内容その他の事情を勘案して、当該取引の相手方との間で通常の取引の条件に従つて行われたと認められるその株式会社、合資会社又は合同会社の各事業年度の収益に係る売上原価、販売費又は一般管理費の額の基因となる取引その他の政令で定める取引として移転をしたものを除く。)の価額のいずれか低い額を限度として、その滞納に係る国税の第二次納税義務を負う。
Article 41Secondary Tax Liability Pertaining to Associations or Foundations without Legal Personality
In the case where an association or foundation without legal personality is delinquent in paying national tax, if it is found that the amount to be collected is still insufficient even after the delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on the property belonging to it (excluding property that is regarded as legally belonging to a third party because that third party is the nominal holder), that third party is to bear secondary tax liability for the national tax pertaining to that delinquency, up to the limit of the property regarded as legally belonging to that third party.
In the case where property of an association or foundation without legal personality that is a delinquent taxpayer has been refunded or distributed (except in the case where Article 34 (Secondary Tax Liability of Liquidators, etc.) applies), if it is found that the amount to be collected is still insufficient even after the delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on that association or foundation (including the third party prescribed in the preceding paragraph), the person who received that refund or distribution is to bear secondary tax liability for the national tax pertaining to that delinquency, up to the limit of the value of the property received; provided, however, that this does not apply if the refund or distribution was made one year or more before the statutory due date for tax payment of the national tax pertaining to the delinquency.
第四章 削除
Chapter IV Deleted
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
削除
第一節 財産の差押
Section 1 Seizure of Property
第一款 通則
Subsection 1 Common Provisions
Article 47Requirements for Seizure
If any of the following items applies, a collection official must seize the property of the delinquent taxpayer for the delinquent taxpayer's national tax:
When a delinquent taxpayer has received a demand and has not paid in full the national tax pertaining to that demand by the day on which 10 days have elapsed counting from the day on which the demand letter was issued;
When a taxpayer has not paid in full a national tax listed in the items of Article 37, paragraph (1) (Demand) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes by its due date for payment (for a national tax for which an advance demand has been made, the due date pertaining to that demand).
納税者が国税通則法第三十七条第一項各号(督促)に掲げる国税をその納期限(繰上請求がされた国税については、当該請求に係る期限)までに完納しないとき。
If, after the due date for payment of a national tax and by the day on which the 10 days prescribed in item (i) of the preceding paragraph have elapsed, a fact falling under any of the items of Article 38, paragraph (1) (Advance Demand) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes arises with respect to a delinquent taxpayer who has received a demand, a collection official may seize the property immediately.
In the case where paragraph (1) is applied to a secondary taxpayer or a guarantor, the term "demand letter" in that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "written payment reminder".
Article 48Prohibition of Excessive Seizure and Futile Seizure
Property other than that necessary for collecting national tax may not be seized.
国税を徴収するために必要な財産以外の財産は、差し押えることができない。
If there is no prospect that the value of the property that may be seized will exceed the total amount of the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure pertaining to the seizure and the amounts of other national taxes, local taxes, and other claims that take priority over the national tax to be collected, that property may not be seized.
Article 49Respect for the Rights of Third Parties in Selecting Seized Property
In seizing the property of a delinquent taxpayer (including a holder of property transferred as security; the same applies hereinafter except in Articles 75, 76 and 78 (Property Exempt from Seizure)), a collection official must endeavor not to harm the rights that a third party holds in that property, so long as doing so does not impede the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure.
Article 50Substitution of Seizure of Property That Is the Subject of Rights of Third Parties
Where property that is the subject of a pledge, mortgage, statutory lien (limited to a statutory lien listed in the items of Article 19, paragraph (1) (Statutory Liens for Preservation of Real Property, etc.) or the items of Article 20, paragraph (1) (Statutory Liens for Lease of Real Property, etc.); the same applies hereinafter except in this paragraph), right of retention, right of lease, or other right of a third party (excluding statutory liens other than those statutory liens; the same applies hereinafter) has been seized, that third party may, by the date of the public auction notice for that property (or, where it is to be sold by private contract, the date of that sale), request the district director to substitute the seizure, on the ground that the delinquent taxpayer has other property that is easy to realize and is not the subject of rights of other third parties, and that the entire amount of the delinquent taxpayer's national tax can be collected from that property.
質権、抵当権、先取特権(第十九条第一項各号(不動産保存の先取特権等)又は第二十条第一項各号(不動産賃貸の先取特権等)に掲げる先取特権に限る。この項を除き、以下同じ。)、留置権、賃借権その他第三者の権利(これらの先取特権以外の先取特権を除く。以下同じ。)の目的となつている財産が差し押えられた場合には、その第三者は、税務署長に対し、滞納者が他に換価の容易な財産で他の第三者の権利の目的となつていないものを有し、かつ、その財産によりその滞納者の国税の全額を徴収することができることを理由として、その財産の公売公告の日(随意契約による売却をする場合には、その売却の日)までに、その差押換を請求することができる。
When a request under the preceding paragraph is made, the district director is to substitute the seizure if the district director finds the request appropriate, and must notify that third party to that effect if the district director does not find the request appropriate.
税務署長は、前項の請求があつた場合において、その請求を相当と認めるときは、その差押換をしなければならないものとし、その請求を相当と認めないときは、その旨をその第三者に通知しなければならない。
Where notice under the preceding paragraph has been given, and the third party who received the notice has, by the day on which seven days have elapsed counting from the day of receiving the notice, applied for the realization of the property that the third party requested be seized under the provisions of paragraph (1), the property subject to the third party's right prescribed in that paragraph may not be realized unless that property has been seized and put up for realization, except where that property is extremely difficult to realize or is subject to the right of another third party.
In the case under the preceding paragraph, if the district director does not seize the property relating to the application and put it up for realization within two months from the day of the application under that paragraph, the district director must release the seizure of the property subject to the third party's right prescribed in paragraph (1); provided, however, that this does not apply where a provision of an Act relating to national tax under which realization may not be carried out is applicable.
The seizure under paragraph (2) or the preceding paragraph may be carried out notwithstanding any provision of an Act relating to national tax under which the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure may not be newly carried out.
Article 51Seizure Where Inheritance Has Occurred
When seizing the property of an heir for the national tax of the decedent, a collection official must endeavor to seize the inherited property first, to the extent that doing so does not hinder the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure.
Where the heir's own property has been seized for the national tax of the decedent, the heir may request the district director to substitute the seizure, on the ground that the heir holds other inherited property that is easy to realize and is not subject to the rights of third parties, and that the entire amount of that national tax can be collected from that property.
被相続人の国税につき相続人の固有財産が差し押えられた場合には、その相続人は、税務署長に対し、他に換価が容易な相続財産で第三者の権利の目的となつていないものを有しており、かつ、その財産により当該国税の全額を徴収することができることを理由として、その差押換を請求することができる。
When a request under the preceding paragraph is made, the district director is to substitute the seizure if the district director finds the request appropriate, and must notify that heir to that effect if the district director does not find the request appropriate. In this case, the provisions of paragraph (5) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis.
Article 52Effect of Seizure on Fruits
The effect of seizure extends to natural fruits arising from the property that has been seized (hereinafter referred to as "seized property"); provided, however, that where the delinquent taxpayer or a third party is able to use or derive profit from the seized property, this does not apply to natural fruits arising from that property (excluding natural fruits not collected by the time of the transfer of rights through the realization of the property).
差押の効力は、差し押えた財産(以下「差押財産」という。)から生ずる天然果実に及ぶ。ただし、滞納者又は第三者が差押財産の使用又は収益をすることができる場合には、その財産から生ずる天然果実(その財産の換価による権利の移転の時までに収取されない天然果実を除く。)については、この限りでない。
The effect of seizure does not extend to legal fruits arising from seized property; provided, however, that this does not apply to interest after the seizure in the case where a claim has been seized.
差押の効力は、差押財産から生ずる法定果実に及ばない。ただし、債権を差し押えた場合における差押後の利息については、この限りでない。
第五十二条の二(担保のための仮登記がある財産に対する差押えの効力)
Article 52-2Effect of Seizure of Property with Provisional Registration for Security
The provisions of Article 15 (Security Provisional Registration in Cases of Compulsory Auction, etc.) of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 20 (Application Mutatis Mutandis to Contracts Concerning Rights Other Than Ownership of Land, etc.) of that Act) apply mutatis mutandis to the case where property with a provisional registration for security has been seized. In this case, the phrase "that decision" in Article 15 of that Act is deemed to be replaced with "that seizure", and the phrase "is based on a petition" is deemed to be replaced with "is one".
仮登記担保契約に関する法律第十五条(強制競売等の場合の担保仮登記)(同法第二十条(土地等の所有権以外の権利を目的とする契約への準用)において準用する場合を含む。)の規定は、担保のための仮登記がある財産が差し押さえられた場合について準用する。この場合において、同法第十五条中「その決定」とあるのは「その差押え」と、「申立てに基づく」とあるのは「ものである」と読み替えるものとする。
Article 53Effect of Seizure of Insured Property
Where seized property is covered by non-life insurance, or is the subject of mutual aid under Article 9-7-2, paragraph (1) (Fire Mutual Aid Business) of the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Cooperatives Act (Act No. 181 of 1949) or other similar mutual aid under the provisions of an Act, the effect of the seizure extends to the right to receive payment of insurance proceeds or mutual aid proceeds; provided, however, that the seizure cannot be asserted against the insurer or the mutual aid business operator unless notice that the property has been seized is given to them.
差押財産が損害保険に付され、又は中小企業等協同組合法(昭和二十四年法律第百八十一号)第九条の七の二第一項(火災共済事業)の規定による共済その他法律の規定による共済でこれに類するものの目的となつているときは、その差押えの効力は、保険金又は共済金の支払を受ける権利に及ぶ。ただし、財産を差し押さえた旨を保険者又は共済事業者に通知しなければ、その差押えをもつてこれらの者に対抗することができない。
Where a collection official has received payment of the insurance proceeds or mutual aid proceeds under the preceding paragraph relating to the seizure, and the property was the subject of a statutory lien, pledge, or mortgage at the time the accident relating to that insurance or mutual aid occurred, the holder of the statutory lien, the pledgee, or the mortgagee is deemed to have made the seizure before the payment, for the purpose of applying the proviso to Article 304, paragraph (1) (Subrogation of Statutory Lien) of the Civil Code and other provisions that require the seizure of the right to receive payment of the insurance proceeds or mutual aid proceeds before the payment in order to exercise those rights.
徴収職員が差押に係る前項の保険金又は共済金の支払を受けた場合において、その財産がその保険又は共済に係る事故が生じた時に先取特権、質権又は抵当権の目的となつていたときは、その先取特権者、質権者又は抵当権者は、民法第三百四条第一項ただし書(先取特権の物上代位)その他これらの権利の行使のためその保険金又は共済金の支払を受ける権利をその支払前に差し押えることを必要とする規定の適用については、その支払前にその差押をしたものとみなす。
Article 54Seizure Record
When a collection official has seized the property of a delinquent taxpayer, the official must prepare a seizure record and, where the property is any of the following, deliver a certified copy of it to the delinquent taxpayer.
Movables or securities;
動産又は有価証券
Claims (excluding telephone subscription rights, rights of lease, property subject to the provisions of Article 73-2 (Seizure of Book-Entry Corporate Bonds, etc.), and other claims that cannot be collected; the same applies hereinafter in this Chapter); or
債権(電話加入権、賃借権、第七十三条の二(振替社債等の差押え)の規定の適用を受ける財産その他取り立てることができない債権を除く。以下この章において同じ。)
Property subject to the provisions of Article 73 (Seizure of Telephone Subscription Rights, etc.) or Article 73-2 (Seizure of Book-Entry Corporate Bonds, etc.).
Article 55Notice of Seizure to Pledgees, etc.
When property listed in the following items has been seized, the district director must notify those who are known among the persons listed in the relevant item to that effect and of other necessary particulars.
次の各号に掲げる財産を差し押さえたときは、税務署長は、当該各号に掲げる者のうち知れている者に対し、その旨その他必要な事項を通知しなければならない。
Property that is the subject of a pledge, mortgage, statutory lien, right of retention, right of lease, or other right of a third party (excluding rights relating to a provisional registration for security): the persons who hold these rights
質権、抵当権、先取特権、留置権、賃借権その他の第三者の権利(担保のための仮登記に係る権利を除く。)の目的となつている財産 これらの権利を有する者
Property with a provisional registration: the right holder of the provisional registration
仮登記がある財産 仮登記の権利者
Property that has been provisionally seized or subject to a provisional disposition: the court of preservative execution or the court enforcement officer that carried out the provisional seizure or provisional disposition
仮差押え又は仮処分がされている財産 仮差押え又は仮処分をした保全執行裁判所又は執行官
第二款 動産又は有価証券の差押
Subsection 2 Seizure of Movables or Securities
Article 56Procedures for Seizure and Time of Taking Effect, etc.
Seizure of movables or securities is carried out by a collection official taking possession of the property.
動産又は有価証券の差押は、徴収職員がその財産を占有して行う。
The effect of the seizure under the preceding paragraph arises at the time the collection official takes possession of the property.
When a collection official has seized money, the national tax relating to the seizure is deemed to have been collected from the delinquent taxpayer to that extent.
Article 57Collection of Claims Relating to Securities
When securities have been seized, the collection official may collect the monetary claim relating to those securities.
有価証券を差し押えたときは、徴収職員は、その有価証券に係る金銭債権の取立をすることができる。
When a collection official has collected money under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the national tax relating to the seizure is deemed to have been collected from the delinquent taxpayer to that extent.
Article 58Procedures for Seizure of Movables, etc. in the Possession of a Third Party
Movables or securities of a delinquent taxpayer that are in the possession of a third party other than a relative or other person with a special relationship cannot be seized if that third party refuses to deliver them.
滞納者の動産又は有価証券でその親族その他の特殊関係者以外の第三者が占有しているものは、その第三者が引渡を拒むときは、差し押えることができない。
Where there are movables or securities under the preceding paragraph and the third party under that paragraph refuses to deliver them, the district director may, only where it is found that the delinquent taxpayer has no other property that is easy to realize and from which the entire amount of the national tax relating to the delinquency can be collected, order the third party under that paragraph in writing, designating a time limit, to deliver the movables or securities to a collection official. In this case, the district director who gave the order must notify the delinquent taxpayer to that effect.
When the movables or securities relating to the order under the preceding paragraph have been delivered to a collection official, or when the third party who received the order under that paragraph does not deliver them to a collection official by the designated time limit, the collection official may, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1), seize those movables or securities.
Article 59Protection of the Rights of Third Parties, etc. Ordered to Deliver
Where a third party who has been ordered to deliver movables under the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article holds possession of the movables relating to the order on the basis of a right of lease, right of loan for use, or other right to use or take profits from movables under a contract with the delinquent taxpayer, and the purpose of the possession can no longer be achieved by delivering them, that third party may cancel the contract that is the basis of the possession. In this case, with respect to the claim for damages that the third party acquires against the delinquent taxpayer by the cancellation of that contract, the third party may receive distribution from the remainder of the proceeds of the sale of the movables.
When a request is made by a third party who has been ordered to deliver movables under the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, a collection official must, except where that third party has cancelled the contract under the provisions of the first sentence of the preceding paragraph, allow that third party to use or take profits from the movables within the term of the contract that is the basis of the possession of the movables (where that term ends later than the day on which three months have elapsed from the day the movables were seized, until that day).
Where a third party who has been ordered to deliver movables under the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article holds possession of them on the basis of a lease contract, cancels that contract under the provisions of the first sentence of paragraph (1), and has paid rent for the subsequent period before the time of the order under paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the third party may request the district director to distribute, from the proceeds of the sale of the movables, an amount equivalent to that rent for the period after the date of seizure under the provisions of paragraph (3) of that Article (where that amount exceeds the amount equivalent to three months' worth, that amount). In this case, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 8 (Principle of Priority of National Tax), the amount for which distribution has been requested may be distributed as ranking next after the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to that delinquent tax collection procedure and next after the claim secured by the right of retention over those movables.
前条第二項の規定により動産の引渡を命ぜられた第三者が賃貸借契約に基きこれを占有している場合において、第一項前段の規定によりその契約を解除し、かつ、前条第二項の命令があつた時前にその後の期間分の借賃を支払つているときは、その第三者は、税務署長に対し、その動産の売却代金のうちから、その借賃に相当する金額で同条第三項の規定による差押の日後の期間に係るもの(その金額が三月分に相当する金額をこえるときは、当該金額)の配当を請求することができる。この場合において、その請求があつた金額は、第八条(国税優先の原則)の規定にかかわらず、その滞納処分に係る滞納処分費に次ぎ、かつ、その動産上の留置権により担保されていた債権に次ぐものとして、配当することができる。
The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to a third party prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article who has not refused to deliver the movables prescribed in that paragraph.
Article 60Custody of Seized Movables, etc.
When a collection official finds it necessary, the official may have seized movables or securities kept in custody by the delinquent taxpayer or a third party in possession of the property. However, when having a third party keep them in custody, the official must obtain that person's consent, except where transporting them is difficult.
Where the delinquent taxpayer or a third party has been made to keep property in custody under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the effect of the seizure arises, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 56, paragraph (2) (Time of Taking Effect of Seizure of Movables, etc.), at the time the fact of seizure is indicated by a seal, a public notice, or other method that makes the seizure clear.
Article 61Use and Taking of Profits from Seized Movables
When having a delinquent taxpayer keep seized movables in custody under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, a collection official may permit the use of or the taking of profits from them if the official finds that doing so poses no hindrance to the collection of national tax.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to the case where a third party who holds a right to use or take profits from seized movables is made to keep those movables in custody.
前項の規定は、差し押えた動産につき使用又は収益をする権利を有する第三者にその動産を保管させる場合について準用する。
第三款 債権の差押
Subsection 3 Seizure of Claims
Article 62Procedures for Seizure and Time of Taking Effect
Seizure of a claim (excluding an electronically recorded monetary claim prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) (Definitions) of the Electronically Recorded Monetary Claims Act (hereinafter referred to in the following Article as an "electronically recorded monetary claim"); the same applies hereinafter in this Article) is carried out by serving a written notice of seizure of a claim on the third-party debtor.
債権(電子記録債権法第二条第一項(定義)に規定する電子記録債権(次条において「電子記録債権」という。)を除く。以下この条において同じ。)の差押えは、第三債務者に対する債権差押通知書の送達により行う。
When seizing a claim, a collection official must prohibit the obligor from performing it and prohibit the delinquent taxpayer from collecting the claim or otherwise disposing of it.
The effect of the seizure under paragraph (1) arises at the time the written notice of seizure of a claim is served on the third-party debtor.
第一項の差押の効力は、債権差押通知書が第三債務者に送達された時に生ずる。
When the district director has seized a claim the transfer of which requires registration, the district director must commission the relevant authority to register the seizure.
税務署長は、債権でその移転につき登録を要するものを差し押えたときは、差押の登録を関係機関に嘱託しなければならない。
第六十二条の二(電子記録債権の差押えの手続及び効力発生時期)
Article 62-2Procedures for Seizure of Electronically Recorded Monetary Claims and Time of Taking Effect
Seizure of an electronically recorded monetary claim is carried out by serving a written notice of seizure of a claim on the third-party debtor and on the electronic monetary claim recording institution that keeps the electronic record of that electronically recorded monetary claim (meaning the electronic monetary claim recording institution prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (2) (Definitions) of the Electronically Recorded Monetary Claims Act; the same applies hereinafter in this Article).
電子記録債権の差押えは、第三債務者及び当該電子記録債権の電子記録をしている電子債権記録機関(電子記録債権法第二条第二項(定義)に規定する電子債権記録機関をいう。以下この条において同じ。)に対する債権差押通知書の送達により行う。
When seizing an electronically recorded monetary claim, a collection official must prohibit the third-party debtor from performing it, prohibit the electronic monetary claim recording institution from making the electronic record relating to the electronically recorded monetary claim, and prohibit the delinquent taxpayer from collecting the electronically recorded monetary claim or otherwise disposing of it, or from requesting an electronic record.
The effect of the seizure under paragraph (1) arises at the time the written notice of seizure of a claim is served on the electronic monetary claim recording institution; provided, however, that the effect of the seizure under that paragraph against the third-party debtor arises at the time the written notice of seizure of a claim is served on the third-party debtor.
Article 63Scope of Claims to Be Seized
When seizing a claim, a collection official must seize the whole amount; provided, however, that if the official finds it unnecessary to seize the whole amount, the official may seize a part of it.
徴収職員は、債権を差し押えるときは、その全額を差し押えなければならない。ただし、その全額を差し押える必要がないと認めるときは、その一部を差し押えることができる。
Article 64Seizure of Claims Secured by Mortgages, etc.
When a claim secured by a mortgage, or by a pledge or statutory lien that can be registered, has been seized, the district director may commission the relevant authority to register the seizure of the claim. In this case, the district director who has made the commission must notify the right holders (excluding the third-party debtor) of the property on which the mortgage or pledge is established or the property over which the statutory lien exists that the seizure has been made.
抵当権又は登記することができる質権若しくは先取特権によつて担保される債権を差し押えたときは、税務署長は、その債権の差押の登記を関係機関に嘱託することができる。この場合において、その嘱託をした税務署長は、その抵当権若しくは質権が設定されている財産又は先取特権がある財産の権利者(第三債務者を除く。)に差し押えた旨を通知しなければならない。
Article 65Taking Up of Instruments Evidencing a Claim
When necessary for the seizure of a claim, a collection official may take up the instrument relating to the claim. In this case, the provisions of Article 56, paragraph (1) (Procedures for Seizure of Movables, etc.) and Article 58 (Procedures for Seizure of Movables, etc. in the Possession of a Third Party) apply mutatis mutandis.
Article 66Effect of Seizure of Continuing Income
The effect of the seizure of a claim to salary or a pension, or to continuing income similar to these, extends to the amounts to be received after the seizure, up to the amount of the national tax to be collected.
給料若しくは年金又はこれらに類する継続収入の債権の差押の効力は、徴収すべき国税の額を限度として、差押後に収入すべき金額に及ぶ。
Article 67Collection of Seized Claims
A collection official may collect a seized claim.
徴収職員は、差し押えた債権の取立をすることができる。
When what has been collected under the provisions of the preceding paragraph is something other than money, a collection official must seize it.
When a collection official has collected money under the provisions of paragraph (1), the national tax relating to the seizure is deemed to have been collected from the delinquent taxpayer to that extent.
The provisions of Article 55, paragraphs (1) through (3) (Consignment of Payment) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes apply mutatis mutandis where, in making the collection under paragraph (1), the third-party debtor intends to consign the performance of the claim to a collection official; provided, however, that if the time limit for collecting the securities falls after the due date for performance of the seized claim, the third-party debtor must obtain the approval of the delinquent taxpayer.
国税通則法第五十五条第一項から第三項まで(納付委託)の規定は、第一項の取立をする場合において、第三債務者が徴収職員に対し、その債権の弁済の委託をしようとするときに準用する。ただし、その証券の取り立てるべき期限が差し押えた債権の弁済期後となるときは、第三債務者は、滞納者の承認を受けなければならない。
第四款 不動産等の差押
Subsection 4 Seizure of Real Property, etc.
Article 68Procedures for Seizure of Real Property and Time of Taking Effect
The seizure of real property (including superficies rights and other real rights whose object is real property (excluding ownership), factory foundations, mining rights and other property that is deemed to be real property or to which the provisions on real property apply mutatis mutandis, and railway foundations, tramway foundations and canal foundations; the same applies hereinafter) is effected by serving a seizure document on the delinquent taxpayer.
不動産(地上権その他不動産を目的とする物権(所有権を除く。)、工場財団、鉱業権その他不動産とみなされ、又は不動産に関する規定の準用がある財産並びに鉄道財団、軌道財団及び運河財団を含む。以下同じ。)の差押は、滞納者に対する差押書の送達により行う。
The effect of the seizure under the preceding paragraph arises at the time the seizure document is served on the delinquent taxpayer.
When the district director has seized real property, the district director must commission the relevant authority to register the seizure.
税務署長は、不動産を差し押えたときは、差押の登記を関係機関に嘱託しなければならない。
If the registration of the seizure under the preceding paragraph is made before the service of the seizure document, the effect of the seizure arises at the time the registration of the seizure is made, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2).
The effect of the seizure of a mining right arises at the time the registration of the seizure is made, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2) and the preceding paragraph.
Article 69Use and Profit of Seized Real Property
A delinquent taxpayer may use or profit from seized real property in accordance with its ordinary use; provided, however, that the district director may restrict that use or profit only where it is found that an act that would significantly diminish the value of the real property is to be committed.
滞納者は、差し押えられた不動産につき、通常の用法に従い、使用又は収益をすることができる。ただし、税務署長は、不動産の価値が著しく減耗する行為がされると認められるときに限り、その使用又は収益を制限することができる。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to a third party who has the right to use or profit from the seized real property.
前項の規定は、差し押えられた不動産につき使用又は収益をする権利を有する第三者について準用する。
Article 70Seizure of Ships or Aircraft
The provisions of Article 68, paragraphs (1) through (4) (Procedures for Seizure of Real Property and Time of Taking Effect) apply mutatis mutandis to the seizure of a registered ship or an airplane or rotorcraft registered under the provisions of the Civil Aeronautics Act (Act No. 231 of 1952) (the former hereinafter referred to as a "ship" and the latter as "aircraft").
登記される船舶(以下「船舶」という。)又は航空法(昭和二十七年法律第二百三十一号)の規定により登録を受けた飛行機若しくは回転翼航空機(以下「航空機」という。)の差押えについては、第六十八条第一項から第四項まで(不動産の差押えの手続及び効力発生時期)の規定を準用する。
When necessary for a delinquent tax collection procedure, a collection official may take the necessary measures for the custody and preservation of a ship or aircraft.
If the measures under the preceding paragraph are taken before the service of the seizure document, the effect of the seizure arises at the time the measures are taken, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 68, paragraph (2) as applied mutatis mutandis in paragraph (1).
Where the district director has seized a ship or aircraft that is anchored, or has caused a ship or aircraft to be anchored under the provisions of paragraph (2), and there are business necessity or other reasonable grounds, the district director may permit it to proceed, upon application by the delinquent taxpayer, a person who has made a request for share distribution with respect to it, or a person who holds a mortgage or other right over it.
Article 71Seizure of Motor Vehicles, Construction Machinery or Small Vessels
The provisions of Article 68, paragraphs (1) through (4) (Procedures for Seizure of Real Property and Time of Taking Effect) apply mutatis mutandis to the seizure of a motor vehicle registered under the provisions of the Road Transport Vehicle Act (Act No. 185 of 1951) (hereinafter referred to as a "motor vehicle"), construction machinery registered under the provisions of the Construction Machinery Hypothecation Act (Act No. 97 of 1954) (hereinafter referred to as "construction machinery"), or a small vessel registered under the provisions of the Act on Registration, etc. of Small-Sized Vessels (Act No. 102 of 2001) (hereinafter referred to as a "small vessel").
道路運送車両法(昭和二十六年法律第百八十五号)の規定により登録を受けた自動車(以下「自動車」という。)、建設機械抵当法(昭和二十九年法律第九十七号)の規定により登記を受けた建設機械(以下「建設機械」という。)又は小型船舶の登録等に関する法律(平成十三年法律第百二号)の規定により登録を受けた小型船舶(以下「小型船舶」という。)の差押えについては、第六十八条第一項から第四項まで(不動産の差押えの手続及び効力発生時期)の規定を準用する。
The provisions of paragraphs (3) and (4) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the seizure of motor vehicles, construction machinery or small vessels.
If the district director has seized a motor vehicle, construction machinery or a small vessel, the district director may order the delinquent taxpayer to deliver it and have a collection official take possession of it.
The provisions of Article 56, paragraph (1) (Procedures for Seizure of Movables, etc.), Article 58 (Procedures for Seizure of Movables, etc. in the Possession of a Third Party) and Article 59 (Protection of the Rights of Third Parties, etc. Who Have Received an Order for Delivery) apply mutatis mutandis where a collection official is made to take possession of a motor vehicle, construction machinery or a small vessel under the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
A collection official may have a motor vehicle, construction machinery or a small vessel of which the official has taken possession under the provisions of paragraph (3) kept in custody by the delinquent taxpayer or by a third party in possession of it. In this case, the collection official must make clear, by sealing or other means of public notice, that the motor vehicle, construction machinery or small vessel is in the possession of the collection official, and, except where the operation of the motor vehicle, the use of the construction machinery or the navigation of the small vessel is permitted under the provisions of the following paragraph, must take appropriate measures to prevent their operation, use or navigation.
Where there is a business necessity or other reasonable grounds regarding a motor vehicle, construction machinery or small vessel of which a collection official has taken possession, or which the official has had kept in custody, under the provisions of paragraph (3) or the preceding paragraph, the collection official may permit its operation, use or navigation upon the application of the delinquent taxpayer and of the persons who have made a request for share distribution with respect to it and the persons who hold a mortgage or other right over it.
第五款 無体財産権等の差押
Subsection 5 Seizure of Incorporeal Property, etc.
Article 72Procedures for Seizure of Patent Rights, etc. and Time of Taking Effect
Of the property not subject to the provisions of the preceding three Subsections (hereinafter referred to as "incorporeal property, etc."), the seizure of patent rights, copyrights and other property for which there is no third-party debtor, etc. is effected by serving a seizure document on the delinquent taxpayer.
The effect of the seizure under the preceding paragraph arises at the time the seizure document is served on the delinquent taxpayer.
When the district director has seized incorporeal property, etc. for which registration is required for the transfer of the right, the district director must commission the relevant authority to register the seizure.
税務署長は、無体財産権等でその権利の移転につき登記を要するものを差し押さえたときは、差押えの登記を関係機関に嘱託しなければならない。
If the registration of the seizure under the preceding paragraph is made before the service of the seizure document, the effect of the seizure arises at the time the registration of the seizure is made, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2).
The effect of the seizure of a patent right, utility model right or other right for which a restriction on its disposition does not take effect unless it is registered arises at the time the registration of the seizure is made, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2) and the preceding paragraph.
Article 73Procedures for Seizure of Telephone Subscription Rights, etc. and Time of Taking Effect
The seizure of telephone subscription rights, the equity interest of a member of a general partnership company, and other property for which there is a third-party debtor, etc., among incorporeal property, etc. (excluding corporate bonds, etc. prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) (Definitions) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares (Act No. 75 of 2001) the attribution of rights to which is determined by entries or records in the transfer account book (referred to as "book-entry corporate bonds, etc." in the following Article)) is effected by serving a written notice of seizure on the third-party debtor, etc.
The effect of the seizure under the preceding paragraph arises at the time the written notice of seizure is served on the third-party debtor, etc.
The provisions of paragraphs (3) and (4) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the seizure of property prescribed in paragraph (1) for which registration is required for the transfer of the right (excluding that prescribed in the following paragraph). In this case, the term "seizure document" in paragraph (4) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "written notice of seizure".
The provisions of paragraph (5) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the seizure of an exclusive license on a patent right, or any other right, for which a restriction on its disposition does not take effect unless it is registered.
前条第五項の規定は、特許権についての専用実施権その他の権利でその処分の制限につき登記をしなければ効力が生じないものとされているものの差押えについて準用する。
The provisions of Article 65 (Taking Up of Instruments Evidencing a Claim) and Article 67 (Collection of Seized Claims) apply mutatis mutandis to the property prescribed in paragraph (1).
Article 73-2Procedures for Seizure of Book-Entry Corporate Bonds, etc. and Time of Taking Effect
The seizure of book-entry corporate bonds, etc. is effected by serving a written notice of seizure on the issuer of the book-entry corporate bonds, etc. (hereinafter in this paragraph and the following paragraph referred to as the "issuer") and the book-entry transfer institution, etc. prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (5) (Definitions) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares with which the delinquent taxpayer has had an account opened (where the delinquent taxpayer has made a demand set out in one of the following items and the book-entry corporate bonds, etc. relating to that demand are entered or recorded in the purchase account specified in that item, and the book-entry corporate bonds, etc. relating to that demand are to be seized, the book-entry transfer institution, etc. with which the issuer has had that purchase account opened; hereinafter referred to as the "book-entry transfer institution, etc." in this Article).
an exercise of appraisal rights, exercise of appraisal rights on investment units or exercise of appraisal rights on preferred equity investments prescribed in Article 155, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Companies Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares (including where applied mutatis mutandis with the terms replaced under Article 228, paragraph (1) (Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Shares to Investment Units) and Article 239, paragraph (1) (Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Shares to Preferred Equity) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares; the same applies hereinafter in this item): the purchase account prescribed in Article 155, paragraph (1) of that Act;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第百五十五条第一項(株式買取請求に関する会社法の特例)(社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百二十八条第一項(投資口に関する株式に係る規定の準用)及び第二百三十九条第一項(優先出資に関する株式に係る規定の準用)において読み替えて準用する場合を含む。以下この号において同じ。)に規定する株式買取請求、投資口買取請求又は優先出資買取請求 同法第百五十五条第一項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights on share options or exercise of appraisal rights on new investment unit options prescribed in Article 183, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Companies Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights on Share Options) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares (including where applied mutatis mutandis with the terms replaced under Article 247-3, paragraph (1) (Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Share Options to New Investment Unit Options) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares; the same applies hereinafter in this item): the purchase account prescribed in Article 183, paragraph (1) of that Act;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第百八十三条第一項(新株予約権買取請求に関する会社法の特例)(社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百四十七条の三第一項(新投資口予約権に関する新株予約権に係る規定の準用)において読み替えて準用する場合を含む。以下この号において同じ。)に規定する新株予約権買取請求又は新投資口予約権買取請求 同法第百八十三条第一項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights on bonds with share options prescribed in Article 215, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Companies Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights on Bonds with Share Options) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares: the purchase account prescribed in that paragraph;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百十五条第一項(新株予約権付社債買取請求に関する会社法の特例)に規定する新株予約権付社債買取請求 同項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights prescribed in Article 259, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Merger and Conversion Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights in a Merger of Financial Institutions, etc.) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares: the purchase account prescribed in that paragraph;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百五十九条第一項(金融機関の合併における株式買取請求に関する合併転換法の特例等)に規定する株式買取請求 同項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights on share options prescribed in Article 260, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Merger and Conversion Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights on Share Options in a Merger of Financial Institutions, etc.) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares: the purchase account prescribed in that paragraph;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百六十条第一項(金融機関の合併における新株予約権買取請求に関する合併転換法の特例等)に規定する新株予約権買取請求 同項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights prescribed in Article 266, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Insurance Business Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights in a Merger of Insurance Companies, etc.) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares: the purchase account prescribed in that paragraph;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百六十六条第一項(保険会社の合併における株式買取請求に関する保険業法の特例等)に規定する株式買取請求 同項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights on share options prescribed in Article 267, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Insurance Business Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights on Share Options in a Merger of Insurance Companies, etc.) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares: the purchase account prescribed in that paragraph;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百六十七条第一項(保険会社の合併における新株予約権買取請求に関する保険業法の特例等)に規定する新株予約権買取請求 同項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights prescribed in Article 273, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights in a Merger of Financial Instruments Exchanges, etc.) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares: the purchase account prescribed in that paragraph;
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百七十三条第一項(金融商品取引所の合併における株式買取請求に関する金融商品取引法の特例等)に規定する株式買取請求 同項に規定する買取口座
an exercise of appraisal rights on share options prescribed in Article 274, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act on Exercise of Appraisal Rights on Share Options in a Merger of Financial Instruments Exchanges, etc.) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares: the purchase account prescribed in that paragraph.
社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二百七十四条第一項(金融商品取引所の合併における新株予約権買取請求に関する金融商品取引法の特例等)に規定する新株予約権買取請求 同項に規定する買取口座
When seizing book-entry corporate bonds, etc., a collection official must prohibit the issuer from performing its obligations with respect to them, the book-entry transfer institution, etc. from transferring or deleting them, and the delinquent taxpayer from collecting or otherwise disposing of them or from applying for their transfer or deletion.
The seizure under paragraph (1) takes effect when the written notice of seizure is served on the book-entry transfer institution, etc.
The provisions of Article 67 (Collection of Seized Claims) apply mutatis mutandis to book-entry corporate bonds, etc.
Article 74Request for Refund of Seized Equity Interests
If the district director has seized the equity interest of a delinquent taxpayer who is a member or other constituent of a corporation, such as an enterprise cooperative under the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Cooperatives Act or a shinkin bank, in which a constituent holding an equity interest, such as a member, may withdraw voluntarily (where prior notice or other fixed procedures are required for withdrawal, voluntarily after completing them) (excluding general partnership companies, limited partnership companies, and limited liability companies; hereinafter referred to as a "cooperative, etc." in this Article), and there is a ground set out below with respect to that equity interest, and it is found that, even if delinquent tax collection procedures are executed on property other than that equity interest, the national tax to be collected would still be insufficient, the district director may request the cooperative, etc. to refund part of that equity interest (or, for an equity interest the transfer of which to the cooperative, etc. is permitted, to take it over).
税務署長は、中小企業等協同組合法に基づく企業組合、信用金庫その他の法人で組合員、会員その他の持分を有する構成員が任意に(脱退につき予告その他一定の手続を要する場合には、これをした後任意に)脱退することができるもの(合名会社、合資会社及び合同会社を除く。以下この条において「組合等」という。)の組合員、会員その他の構成員である滞納者の持分を差し押さえた場合において、当該持分につき次に掲げる理由があり、かつ、その持分以外の財産につき滞納処分を執行してもなお徴収すべき国税に不足すると認められるときは、その組合等に対し、その持分の一部の払戻し(組合等による譲受けが認められている持分については、譲受け)を請求することができる。
that, even when the equity interest is put up for realization again, there is still no purchaser; or
その持分を再度換価に付してもなお買受人がないこと。
that, because an Act or the articles of incorporation restrict the transfer of the equity interest, it cannot be transferred.
その持分の譲渡につき法律又は定款に制限があるため、譲渡することができないこと。
The request prescribed in the preceding paragraph may be made only after prior notice has been given to the cooperative, etc. 30 days in advance (or, for withdrawal from a cooperative, etc. that requires, under the provisions of an Act or the articles of incorporation, prior notice to the cooperative, etc. a fixed period in advance that differs from this, that period).
第六款 差押禁止財産
Subsection 6 Property Exempt from Seizure
Article 75General Property Exempt from Seizure
The following property may not be seized:
次に掲げる財産は、差し押えることができない。
clothing, bedding, furniture, kitchen utensils, tatami mats, and fittings that are indispensable for the livelihood of the delinquent taxpayer and the spouse sharing the same livelihood with that person (including a person who has not filed a notification of marriage but is in a de facto marital relationship) and other relatives sharing the same livelihood with that person (hereinafter referred to as "relatives sharing the same livelihood");
滞納者及びその者と生計を一にする配偶者(届出をしていないが、事実上婚姻関係にある者を含む。)その他の親族(以下「生計を一にする親族」という。)の生活に欠くことができない衣服、寝具、家具、台所用具、畳及び建具
food and fuel necessary for three months for the livelihood of the delinquent taxpayer and the relatives sharing the same livelihood with that person;
equipment, fertilizers, work animals or their feed that are indispensable for agriculture as well as seeds or any similar agricultural products that are indispensable for continuing agriculture until the next harvest conducted by a person who works in agriculture mainly on their own;
主として自己の労力により農業を営む者の農業に欠くことができない器具、肥料、労役の用に供する家畜及びその飼料並びに次の収穫まで農業を続行するために欠くことができない種子その他これに類する農産物
fishing nets or any other fishing tackle, bait or juvenile fish or other similar marine products that are indispensable for catching or farming marine products by a person who works in the fishing industry mainly on their own;
主として自己の労力により漁業を営む者の水産物の採捕又は養殖に欠くことができない漁網その他の漁具、えさ及び稚魚その他これに類する水産物
equipment or any other objects (excluding merchandise) that are indispensable for the work of a technician, an artisan, a laborer or any other person who works in an occupation or business mainly by their own intellectual or physical labor (excluding those prescribed in the preceding two items);
技術者、職人、労務者その他の主として自己の知的又は肉体的な労働により職業又は営業に従事する者(前二号に規定する者を除く。)のその業務に欠くことができない器具その他の物(商品を除く。)
a registered seal or any other seal that is indispensable for an occupation or daily living;
実印その他の印で職業又は生活に欠くことができないもの
a Buddhist statue, a memorial tablet or other object that is indispensable for direct use in religious service or worship;
仏像、位牌その他礼拝又は祭祀に直接供するため欠くことができない物
genealogical records, diaries, and similar documents necessary for the delinquent taxpayer;
滞納者に必要な系譜、日記及びこれに類する書類
decorations and other badges of honor received by the delinquent taxpayer or their relatives;
滞納者又はその親族が受けた勲章その他名誉の章票
books and equipment necessary for the study of the delinquent taxpayer or the relatives sharing the same livelihood with that person;
inventions or works that have not yet been made public;
発明又は著作に係るもので、まだ公表していないもの
artificial hands, artificial legs, and other objects used to supplement the body that are necessary for the delinquent taxpayer or the relatives sharing the same livelihood with that person;
fire fighting machinery or equipment, evacuation equipment or any other supplies that are required to be put in place in a building or any other structure pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations for disaster prevention or safety reasons.
建物その他の工作物について、災害の防止又は保安のため法令の規定により設備しなければならない消防用の機械又は器具、避難器具その他の備品
The provisions of item (i) of the preceding paragraph (limited to the part pertaining to tatami mats and fittings) and item (xiii) of that paragraph do not apply when the property prescribed in those provisions is seized together with the building or other structure.
Article 76Prohibition on Seizure of Salary
With respect to claims relating to salary, wages, stipend, annual allowances, retirement pensions, and remuneration of a similar nature (hereinafter referred to as "salary, etc."), the portion up to the total amount of the amounts set out in the following items may not be seized. In this case, if the delinquent taxpayer receives payment of two or more items of salary, etc. for the same period, the limit relating to the amount set out in item (iv) or item (v) is to be calculated on the total amount of them.
an amount equivalent to the income tax collected on that salary, etc. pursuant to the provisions of Article 183 (Obligation to Withhold Tax on Salary Income), Article 190 (Year-End Adjustment), Article 192 (Collection of Shortfall Relating to Year-End Adjustment), or Article 212 (Obligation to Withhold Tax on Income of Non-Residents, etc.) of the Income Tax Act;
所得税法第百八十三条(給与所得に係る源泉徴収義務)、第百九十条(年末調整)、第百九十二条(年末調整に係る不足額の徴収)又は第二百十二条(非居住者等の所得に係る源泉徴収義務)の規定によりその給料等につき徴収される所得税に相当する金額
an amount equivalent to the prefectural inhabitant tax, the municipal inhabitant tax, and the forest environment tax collected on that salary, etc. by the method of special collection pursuant to the provisions of Article 321-3 (Special Collection of Individual Municipal Inhabitant Tax) of the Local Tax Act and other laws and regulations;
地方税法第三百二十一条の三(個人の市町村民税の特別徴収)その他の法令の規定によりその給料等につき特別徴収の方法によつて徴収される道府県民税及び市町村民税並びに森林環境税に相当する金額
an amount equivalent to the social insurance premiums (meaning the social insurance premiums prescribed in Article 74, paragraph (2) (Social Insurance Premium Deduction) of the Income Tax Act) deducted from that salary, etc. pursuant to the provisions of Article 167, paragraph (1) (Deduction of Premiums from Remuneration) of the Health Insurance Act (Act No. 70 of 1922) and other laws and regulations;
健康保険法(大正十一年法律第七十号)第百六十七条第一項(報酬からの保険料の控除)その他の法令の規定によりその給料等から控除される社会保険料(所得税法第七十四条第二項(社会保険料控除)に規定する社会保険料をいう。)に相当する金額
an amount specified by Cabinet Order, taking into consideration the amount, corresponding to the period on which the payment of the salary, etc. was based, that would serve as the standard for the assistance if livelihood assistance prescribed in Article 12 (Livelihood Assistance) of the Public Assistance Act (Act No. 144 of 1950) were to be provided to the delinquent taxpayer (including relatives sharing the same livelihood with that person) on the assumption that they have no income;
滞納者(その者と生計を一にする親族を含む。)に対し、これらの者が所得を有しないものとして、生活保護法(昭和二十五年法律第百四十四号)第十二条(生活扶助)に規定する生活扶助の給付を行うこととした場合におけるその扶助の基準となる金額で給料等の支給の基礎となつた期間に応ずるものを勘案して政令で定める金額
an amount equivalent to 20 percent of the amount remaining after deducting the total amount of the amounts set out in the preceding items from the amount of the salary, etc. (or, where that amount exceeds an amount equivalent to twice the amount set out in the preceding item, the amount equivalent to twice that amount).
Money received on the basis of salary, etc. may not be seized up to the amount calculated by multiplying the total amount of the amounts set out in items (iv) and (v) of the preceding paragraph by the proportion that the number of days from the date of seizure to the next payment date bears to the number of days in the period that formed the basis for the payment of that salary, etc.
With respect to claims relating to bonuses and remuneration of a similar nature, paragraph (1) applies by deeming them to be salary, etc. at the time they are to be received. In this case, for the calculation of the limit relating to the amount set out in item (iv) or (v) of that paragraph, the period that formed the basis for their payment is deemed to be one month.
With respect to claims relating to retirement allowances and remuneration of a similar nature (hereinafter referred to as "retirement allowance, etc."), the portion of the amount up to the total amount of the following amounts may not be seized:
退職手当及びその性質を有する給与に係る債権(以下「退職手当等」という。)については、次に掲げる金額の合計額に達するまでの部分の金額は、差し押えることができない。
an amount equivalent to the income tax to be collected on the retirement allowance, etc. pursuant to the provisions of Article 199 (Obligation to Withhold Tax on Retirement Income) or Article 212 of the Income Tax Act;
所得税法第百九十九条(退職所得に係る源泉徴収義務)又は第二百十二条の規定によりその退職手当等につき徴収される所得税に相当する金額
the amount calculated by applying the provisions of items (ii) and (iii) of paragraph (1), with the term "salary, etc." in those provisions read as "retirement allowance, etc.";
an amount equivalent to three times the amount set out in paragraph (1), item (iv), calculated by taking the period prescribed in that item as one month; and
where the period that formed the basis for the payment of the retirement allowance, etc. exceeds five years, an amount equivalent to 20 percent of the amount set out in the preceding item for each year by which it exceeds five years.
The provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) and the preceding paragraph do not apply where the delinquent taxpayer consents.
Article 77Prohibition of Seizure of Benefits Under Social Insurance Systems
The provisions of the preceding Article apply by deeming claims relating to retirement pensions, old-age pensions, ordinary pensions, work absence allowances and benefits of a similar nature paid under social insurance systems (including pensions paid under the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (1) (Method of Payment of Old-Age Benefits) of the Defined-Benefit Corporate Pension Act (Act No. 50 of 2001), pensions paid under the provisions of Article 35, paragraph (1) (Method of Payment of Old-Age Benefits) of the Defined Contribution Pension Act (Act No. 88 of 2001) (including as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 73 (Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Corporate-Type Pension Plans) of that Act), and other retirement pensions specified by Cabinet Order) to be salary, etc., and claims relating to lump-sum retirement benefits, lump-sum pensions and benefits of a similar nature (including lump-sum payments paid under the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (2) of the Defined-Benefit Corporate Pension Act, lump-sum withdrawal benefits paid under the provisions of Article 42 (Method of Payment of Lump-Sum Withdrawal Benefits) of that Act, lump-sum payments paid under the provisions of Article 35, paragraph (2) of the Defined Contribution Pension Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 73 of that Act), and other lump-sum retirement benefits specified by Cabinet Order) to be retirement allowance, etc., respectively.
社会保険制度に基づき支給される退職年金、老齢年金、普通恩給、休業手当金及びこれらの性質を有する給付(確定給付企業年金法(平成十三年法律第五十号)第三十八条第一項(老齢給付金の支給方法)の規定に基づいて支給される年金、確定拠出年金法(平成十三年法律第八十八号)第三十五条第一項(老齢給付金の支給方法)(同法第七十三条(企業型年金に係る規定の準用)において準用する場合を含む。)の規定に基づいて支給される年金その他政令で定める退職年金を含む。)に係る債権は給料等と、退職一時金、一時恩給及びこれらの性質を有する給付(確定給付企業年金法第三十八条第二項の規定に基づいて支給される一時金及び同法第四十二条(脱退一時金の支給方法)の規定に基づいて支給される脱退一時金、確定拠出年金法第三十五条第二項(同法第七十三条において準用する場合を含む。)の規定に基づいて支給される一時金その他政令で定める退職一時金を含む。)に係る債権は退職手当等とそれぞれみなして、前条の規定を適用する。
The social insurance systems prescribed in the preceding paragraph are systems relating to insurance, mutual aid or pensions based on the following Acts, and other similar systems specified by Cabinet Order:
前項に規定する社会保険制度とは、次に掲げる法律に基づく保険、共済又は恩給に関する制度その他政令で定めるこれらに類する制度をいう。
Mariners Insurance Act (Act No. 73 of 1939);
船員保険法(昭和十四年法律第七十三号)
Public Officers Pension Act (Act No. 48 of 1923) (including as applied mutatis mutandis in other Acts);
恩給法(大正十二年法律第四十八号)(他の法律において準用する場合を含む。)
National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 128 of 1958);
国家公務員共済組合法(昭和三十三年法律第百二十八号)
Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 152 of 1962);
地方公務員等共済組合法(昭和三十七年法律第百五十二号)
Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 245 of 1953).
私立学校教職員共済法(昭和二十八年法律第二百四十五号)
Article 78Property Conditionally Exempt from Seizure
The following property (excluding the property set out in Article 75, paragraph (1), items (iii) through (v) (Property Indispensable for Agriculture, etc.)) is not to be seized, at the delinquent taxpayer's election, where the delinquent taxpayer offers property from which the full amount of the national tax can be collected, which is not difficult to realize, and which is not the object of the right of a third party:
次に掲げる財産(第七十五条第一項第三号から第五号まで(農業等に欠くことができない財産)に掲げる財産を除く。)は、滞納者がその国税の全額を徴収することができる財産で、換価が困難でなく、かつ、第三者の権利の目的となつていないものを提供したときは、その選択により、差押をしないものとする。
machinery, implements, livestock, feed, seeds and other agricultural products, fertilizers, farmland, and grassland for cutting and grazing necessary for agriculture;
農業に必要な機械、器具、家畜類、飼料、種子その他の農産物、肥料、農地及び採草放牧地
fishing nets and other fishing gear, bait, fry and other marine products, and fishing boats necessary for fishery; and
漁業に必要な漁網その他の漁具、えさ、稚魚その他の水産物及び漁船
machinery, implements and other equipment, and raw materials and other assets subject to inventory, necessary for the continuation of a profession or business (excluding a business prescribed in the preceding two items).
職業又は事業(前二号に規定する事業を除く。)の継続に必要な機械、器具その他の備品及び原材料その他たな卸をすべき資産
第七款 差押の解除
Subsection 7 Release of Seizure
Article 79Requirements for Release of Seizure
A collection official must release a seizure when any of the following applies:
徴収職員は、次の各号のいずれかに該当するときは、差押えを解除しなければならない。
the entire amount of the national tax for which the seizure was made is extinguished through payment, appropriation, cancellation of a correction or any other reason; or
納付、充当、更正の取消その他の理由により差押えに係る国税の全額が消滅したとき。
the value of the seized property is no longer expected to exceed the total amount of the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to the seizure and the national taxes, local taxes and other claims that take priority over the national tax for which the seizure was made.
A collection official may release the seizure of all or part of the seized property when any of the following applies:
When, due to partial payment of the national tax for which the seizure was made, appropriation, partial cancellation of a correction, a rise in the value of the seized property, or any other reason, its value is found to significantly exceed the total amount of the national tax for which the seizure was made and the other national taxes, local taxes, and other claims that take priority over it;
When the delinquent taxpayer has offered other appropriate property that can be seized, and that property has been seized; or
滞納者が他に差し押さえることができる適当な財産を提供した場合において、その財産を差し押さえたとき。
When, in the case where there has been no application for purchase by bidding or auction (hereinafter referred to as a "bid, etc.") even after the seized property has been put up for public auction three times, it is found that there would be no purchaser even if it were put up for public auction again, and also that there is no prospect of sale by private contract, taking into consideration the shape and use of the seized property, restrictions on its use under laws and regulations, and other circumstances.
差押財産について、三回公売に付しても入札又は競り売りに係る買受けの申込み(以下「入札等」という。)がなかつた場合において、その差押財産の形状、用途、法令による利用の規制その他の事情を考慮して、更に公売に付しても買受人がないと認められ、かつ、随意契約による売却の見込みがないと認められるとき。
Article 80Procedures for Release of Seizure
The release of a seizure is effected by notifying the delinquent taxpayer to that effect; provided, however, that the release of the seizure of claims and of incorporeal property, etc. for which there is a third-party debtor, etc. is effected by notifying the third-party debtor, etc. to that effect.
When a collection official has released the seizure of property listed in the following items, the official must carry out the procedures listed in the relevant item; provided, however, that the removal prescribed in item (i) may be carried out by the delinquent taxpayer or by a third party in possession of the property.
Movables or securities: delivery thereof, and removal of seals, public notices, and other things used to make the seizure evident;
動産又は有価証券 その引渡及び封印、公示書その他差押を明白にするために用いた物の除去
Claims or incorporeal property, etc. for which there is a third-party debtor, etc.: notice to the delinquent taxpayer.
When the district director has released the seizure of real property or other property for which a registration of seizure has been made, the district director must commission the relevant authority to cancel that registration.
税務署長は、不動産その他差押の登記をした財産の差押を解除したときは、その登記のまつ消を関係機関に嘱託しなければならない。
The delivery of movables or securities under paragraph (2), item (i) must be made to the delinquent taxpayer, at the place listed in the relevant item according to the category of cases listed in the following items; provided, however, that property that was in the possession of a third party other than the delinquent taxpayer at the time of the seizure must be delivered to that third party, unless the third party makes an application that it be delivered to the delinquent taxpayer.
Among cases falling under any item of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article or under paragraph (2), item (i) of that Article, cases arising from cancellation of a correction or any other reason attributable to the national government: the place where the property existed at the time of the seizure;
Other cases: the place where the property exists at the time the seizure is released.
その他の場合 差押を解除した時に存在する場所
The provisions of paragraph (2), item (i) and the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis where the seizure of a claim, motor vehicle, construction machinery, or small vessel has been released and there is an instrument taken up pursuant to the provisions of Article 65 (Taking Up of Instruments Evidencing a Claim) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 73, paragraph (5) (Taking Up of Certificates of Rights)), or a motor vehicle, construction machinery, or small vessel of which a collection official took possession pursuant to the provisions of Article 71, paragraph (3) (Possession of Seized Motor Vehicles, etc.).
Article 81Notice of Release of Seizure to Pledgees, etc.
When the district director has released a seizure, if there are any known persons among those listed in the items of Article 55 (Notice of Seizure to Pledgees, etc.) or any persons who have made a request for share distribution, the district director must notify them to that effect and of other necessary matters.
税務署長は、差押を解除した場合において、第五十五条各号(質権者等に対する差押の通知)に掲げる者のうち知れている者及び交付要求をしている者があるときは、これらの者にその旨その他必要な事項を通知しなければならない。
第二節 交付要求
Section 2 Request for Share Distribution
Article 82Procedures for Request for Share Distribution
Where a compulsory liquidation procedure has been carried out with respect to the property of a delinquent taxpayer, the district director must make a request for share distribution for the national tax in arrears, by means of a written request for share distribution, to the enforcement agency (where making a request for share distribution for national tax relating to a claim listed in Article 114, item (i) of the Bankruptcy Act (Act No. 75 of 2004) (Notification of Claims for Taxes, etc.), the court handling the bankruptcy case relating to that request for share distribution; the same applies in Article 84, paragraph (2) (Release of Request for Share Distribution)).
When the district director has made a request for share distribution, the district director must notify the delinquent taxpayer to that effect.
税務署長は、交付要求をしたときは、その旨を滞納者に通知しなければならない。
The provisions of Article 55 (Notice of Seizure to Pledgees, etc.) apply mutatis mutandis where a request for share distribution has been made.
第五十五条(質権者等に対する差押の通知)の規定は、交付要求をした場合について準用する。
Article 83Restrictions on Request for Share Distribution
The district director is not to make a request for share distribution where the delinquent taxpayer has other property that is easy to realize and is not the subject of the right of a third party, and it is found that the entire amount of the national tax can be collected from that property.
Article 84Release of Request for Share Distribution
When the national tax relating to a request for share distribution has been extinguished by payment, appropriation, cancellation of a correction, or any other reason, the district director must release the request for share distribution.
税務署長は、納付、充当、更正の取消その他の理由により交付要求に係る国税が消滅したときは、その交付要求を解除しなければならない。
The release of a request for share distribution is effected by notifying the enforcement agency relating to that request for share distribution to that effect.
交付要求の解除は、その旨をその交付要求に係る執行機関に通知することによつて行う。
The provisions of Article 55 (Notice of Seizure to Pledgees, etc.) and Article 82, paragraph (2) (Notice of Request for Share Distribution) apply mutatis mutandis where a request for share distribution has been released.
Article 85Demand for Release of Request for Share Distribution
A creditor who is able to receive a distribution in a compulsory liquidation procedure may, when a request for share distribution has been made, demand of the district director that the request for share distribution be released, on the ground that all of the following items apply:
強制換価手続により配当を受けることができる債権者は、交付要求があつたときは、税務署長に対し、次の各号のいずれにも該当することを理由として、その交付要求を解除すべきことを請求することができる。
That the creditor cannot receive repayment of all or part of its own claim due to the request for share distribution; and
その交付要求により自己の債権の全部又は一部の弁済を受けることができないこと。
That the delinquent taxpayer has other property that is easy to realize and is not the subject of the right of a third party, and that the entire amount of the national tax relating to the request for share distribution can be collected from that property.
When a demand under the preceding paragraph has been made, the district director must release the request for share distribution if the director finds the demand appropriate, and must notify the person who made the demand to that effect if the director does not find it appropriate.
税務署長は、前項の請求があつた場合において、その請求を相当と認めるときは、交付要求を解除しなければならないものとし、その請求を相当と認めないときは、その旨をその請求をした者に通知しなければならない。
Article 86Procedures for Participatory Seizure
Where the district director is able to make a seizure pursuant to the provisions of Article 47 (Requirements for Seizure), and a seizure through a delinquent tax collection procedure has already been made of the following property of the delinquent taxpayer, a request for share distribution for that property may be made by delivering a participatory seizure document to the administrative agency, etc. that carried out the delinquent tax collection procedure, in lieu of the written request for share distribution under Article 82, paragraph (1) (Procedures for Request for Share Distribution).
Movables and securities;
動産及び有価証券
Real property, ships, aircraft, motor vehicles, construction machinery, and small vessels; and
Telephone subscription rights.
電話加入権
When the district director has made a request for share distribution under the preceding paragraph (hereinafter referred to as "participatory seizure"), the district director must notify the delinquent taxpayer by means of a written notice of participatory seizure. In this case, where the property for which the participatory seizure was made is a telephone subscription right, the district director must also notify the third-party debtor to that effect.
When the district director has made a participatory seizure of property listed in paragraph (1), item (ii), the district director must commission the relevant authority to register the participatory seizure.
The provisions of Article 55 (Notice of Seizure to Pledgees, etc.) apply mutatis mutandis where a participatory seizure has been made.
Article 87Effect of Participatory Seizure
Where a participatory seizure has been made, and the seizure through a delinquent tax collection procedure that had been made of the property subject to that participatory seizure is released, the participatory seizure (where there are two or more participatory seizures of property listed in paragraph (1), item (ii) of the preceding Article, the one registered earliest of them, and where there are two or more participatory seizures of other property, the one made earliest of them) takes effect as a seizure retroactively to the time specified in the relevant item, according to the category of property listed in the following items.
Movables and securities: the time when the participatory seizure document was delivered to the administrative agency, etc. that made the seizure through the delinquent tax collection procedure;
動産及び有価証券 参加差押書が滞納処分による差押えをした行政機関等に交付された時
Real property (excluding the property listed in the following item), ships, aircraft, motor vehicles, construction machinery, and small vessels: the time when the written notice of participatory seizure was served on the delinquent taxpayer (where the registration of the participatory seizure was made before that service, the time when that registration was made);
Mining rights: the time when the registration of the participatory seizure was made;
鉱業権 参加差押えの登録がされた時
Telephone subscription rights: the time when the written notice of participatory seizure was served on the third-party debtor.
電話加入権 参加差押通知書が第三債務者に送達された時
Where the district director has received delivery of a participatory seizure document for seized movables or securities, and is to release the seizure of those movables or securities, the district director must hand them over to the administrative agency, etc. that made the participatory seizure that takes effect as a seizure under the provisions of the preceding paragraph. The same applies to seized motor vehicles, construction machinery, or small vessels that a collection official possesses pursuant to the provisions of Article 71, paragraph (3) (Seizure of Motor Vehicles, Construction Machinery, or Small Vessels).
Where the seized property under the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to a participatory seizure is not put up for realization within a reasonable period, the district director who made the participatory seizure may promptly issue a peremptory notice to the administrative agency, etc. that carried out that delinquent tax collection procedure to realize it.
Article 88Restrictions on and Release of Participatory Seizure, etc.
The provisions of Articles 83 through 85 (Restrictions on and Release of Request for Share Distribution, etc.) apply mutatis mutandis to participatory seizure.
第八十三条から第八十五条まで(交付要求の制限、解除等)の規定は、参加差押えについて準用する。
When the district director has released a participatory seizure of property for which a registration of participatory seizure was made, the district director must commission the relevant authority to cancel that registration.
税務署長は、参加差押えの登記をした財産の参加差押えを解除したときは、その登記の抹消を関係機関に嘱託しなければならない。
When the district director has released the participatory seizure of a telephone subscription right, the district director must notify the third-party debtor to that effect.
税務署長は、電話加入権の参加差押えを解除したときは、その旨を第三債務者に通知しなければならない。
In addition to what is provided for in the preceding two Articles and the preceding three paragraphs, necessary matters concerning procedures for participatory seizure are specified by Cabinet Order.
第三節 財産の換価
Section 3 Realization of Property
第一款 通則
Subsection 1 Common Provisions
Article 89Scope of Property to Be Realized, etc.
Seized property (excluding money, claims, and securities for which a claim is collected pursuant to the provisions of Article 57 (Collection of Claims Relating to Securities)) or specified real property under participatory seizure prescribed in paragraph (4) of the following Article (hereinafter referred to as "seized property, etc." in this Section) must be realized as provided for in this Section.
Among seized claims, those for which all or part of the due date for payment does not arrive within six months from the time when collection is to be attempted, and those found to be extremely difficult to collect, may be realized as provided for in this Section.
差し押さえた債権のうち、その全部又は一部の弁済期限が取立てをしようとする時から六月以内に到来しないもの及び取立てをすることが著しく困難であると認められるものは、この節の定めるところにより換価することができる。
When the district director finds it appropriate, in view of their mutual use, to have the same purchaser purchase seized property, etc. together with other seized property, etc. (including that of a different delinquent taxpayer), the district director may put such seized property, etc. up for public auction together, or sell them together by private contract.
Article 89-2Realization by the District Director Who Made a Participatory Seizure
Where the real property relating to a participatory seizure (hereinafter referred to as "real property under participatory seizure") is still not put up for realization even after the peremptory notice under the provisions of Article 87, paragraph (3) (Effect of Participatory Seizure) has been issued, the district director who made the participatory seizure may, with the consent of the administrative agency, etc. that carried out the delinquent tax collection procedure referred to in that paragraph, make a decision to carry out realization of the real property under participatory seizure (hereinafter referred to as a "realization execution decision"); provided, however, that this does not apply where compulsory execution or an auction as an exercise of a security interest has commenced for the real property under participatory seizure, or where a provision of an Act relating to national taxes under which realization cannot be made is applicable.
Where the administrative agency, etc. that carried out the delinquent tax collection procedure referred to in the preceding paragraph has received a request for consent to the carrying out of realization by the district director who made the participatory seizure referred to in that paragraph, and finds the carrying out of that realization appropriate, it is to give its consent; provided, however, that this does not apply where it has already given consent to the carrying out of realization by another administrative agency, etc. that made a participatory seizure with respect to the real property seized through the delinquent tax collection procedure referred to in that paragraph.
A realization execution decision takes effect upon notification to the administrative agency, etc. that consented to the carrying out of realization by the district director who made the participatory seizure referred to in paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as the "administrative agency, etc. consenting to realization").
The district director who made a realization execution decision (referred to as the "district director executing realization" in the following Article) must promptly notify the delinquent taxpayer and the person who made a request for share distribution for the real property under participatory seizure (limited to that for which a realization execution decision has been made; hereinafter referred to as "specified real property under participatory seizure") to that effect.
Article 89-3Revocation of Realization Execution Decision
The district director executing realization must revoke the realization execution decision in any of the following cases:
When the participatory seizure relating to the realization execution decision (hereinafter referred to as "specified participatory seizure") has been released;
When the seizure through a delinquent tax collection procedure by the administrative agency, etc. consenting to realization (excluding those specified by Cabinet Order; referred to as "specified seizure" in the following Article) has been released;
When the value of the specified real property under participatory seizure is no longer expected to exceed the total amount of the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to the specified participatory seizure and the other national taxes, local taxes, and other claims that take priority over the national tax relating to the specified participatory seizure; or
In cases specified by Cabinet Order as being equivalent to the preceding three items.
前三号に準ずるものとして政令で定めるとき。
The district director executing realization may revoke the realization execution decision in any of the following cases:
When, due to partial payment of the national tax relating to the specified participatory seizure, appropriation, partial cancellation of a correction, an increase in the value of the specified real property under participatory seizure, or any other reason, its value is found to significantly exceed the total amount of the national tax relating to the specified participatory seizure and the other national taxes, local taxes, and other claims that take priority over it;
When the delinquent taxpayer has offered other appropriate property that can be seized, and that property has been seized;
滞納者が他に差し押さえることができる適当な財産を提供した場合において、その財産を差し押さえたとき。
When, in the case where there has been no bid, etc. even after the specified real property under participatory seizure has been put up for public auction three times, it is found that there would be no purchaser even if it were put up for public auction again, and also that there is no prospect of sale by private contract, taking into consideration the shape and use of the specified real property under participatory seizure, restrictions on its use under laws and regulations, and other circumstances; or
In cases specified by Cabinet Order as being equivalent to the preceding three items.
前三号に準ずるものとして政令で定めるとき。
The district director who has revoked a realization execution decision pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs must promptly notify the delinquent taxpayer, the administrative agency, etc. consenting to realization, and the person who made a request for share distribution for the specified real property under participatory seizure (in the case of a revocation of a realization execution decision under the provisions of paragraph (1) (limited to the part relating to item (ii)), the delinquent taxpayer and the person who made a request for share distribution for the specified real property under participatory seizure) to that effect.
With respect to specified real property under participatory seizure, procedures for sale through public auction or other delinquent tax collection procedures carried out by the administrative agency, etc. consenting to realization may not be carried out until after the realization execution decision has been revoked pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2).
第八十九条の四(換価執行決定の取消しをした税務署長による換価の続行)
Article 89-4Continuation of Realization by the District Director Who Revoked a Realization Execution Decision
Where a specified seizure has been released, and the seizure takes effect pursuant to the provisions of Article 87, paragraph (1) (Effect of Participatory Seizure) for the participatory seizure relating to the revocation of the realization execution decision under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article (limited to the part relating to item (ii)) (except in the following cases), the district director who revoked that realization execution decision may regard the realization procedure carried out on the basis of that realization execution decision as the realization procedure under that seizure, and continue the realization of the real property relating to that seizure (hereinafter referred to as "seized real property" in this Article).
Where compulsory execution or an auction as an exercise of a security interest has commenced for the seized real property;
差押不動産につき強制執行又は担保権の実行としての競売が開始されている場合
Where there is a request for share distribution made earlier than the participatory seizure relating to the revocation of that realization execution decision made by that district director; or
Where there is a right that would be extinguished if the specified real property under participatory seizure had been realized before the specified seizure was released, and that is not extinguished upon realization of the seized real property.
Article 90Restrictions on Realization
Fruits may not be realized until after they have matured, nor silkworms until after they have become cocoons.
果実は成熟した後、蚕は繭となつた後でなければ、換価をすることができない。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to work in process in a production process (including cultivated products and other things similar to them) whose value is extremely low and which is unsuitable for ordinary transactions unless it becomes a finished product or reaches a certain stage of production.
前項の規定は、生産工程中における仕掛品(栽培品その他これらに類するものを含む。)で、完成品となり、又は一定の生産過程に達するのでなければ、その価額が著しく低くて通常の取引に適しないものについて準用する。
Where a secondary taxpayer has filed an action concerning the notice under Article 32, paragraph (1) (General Rules for Secondary Tax Liability), the demand under paragraph (2) of that Article, or a delinquent tax collection procedure relating to the national tax concerned, the property may not be realized through a delinquent tax collection procedure for that national tax while the lawsuit is pending. The same applies where a guarantor has filed an action concerning the notice under Article 52, paragraph (2) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (Disposition of the Collateral and Enforcement of Guarantee), the demand under paragraph (3) of that Article, or a delinquent tax collection procedure relating to the national tax concerned, or where an action has been filed concerning a seizure relating to the notice under Article 55, item (ii) of this Act (Notice of Seizure to Right Holders of Provisional Registration) (limited to one relating to a provisional registration for security).
Article 91Possession Before Realization of Motor Vehicles, etc.
The realization of a motor vehicle, construction machinery, or small vessel is to be carried out after a collection official has taken possession of it pursuant to the provisions of Article 71, paragraph (3) (Possession of Seized Motor Vehicles, etc.); provided, however, that this does not apply where it is found that there is no obstacle to realization.
Article 92Restrictions on Purchasers
A delinquent taxpayer may not purchase, whether directly or indirectly, their own property that is the object of realization (excluding property transferred as security to which the provisions of Article 24, paragraph (3) (Execution against Property Transferred as Security) apply). The same applies to officials belonging to the National Tax Agency, a Regional Taxation Bureau, a tax office, or a customs office who are engaged in affairs relating to national taxes, with respect to property that is the object of realization.
Article 93Dispositions such as Repair
When the district director realizes seized property, etc., if the director finds it necessary, the director may, with the consent of the delinquent taxpayer, carry out repairs or other dispositions to increase the value of that property.
第二款 公売
Subsection 2 Public Auction
Article 94Public Auction
When the district director realizes seized property, etc., the district director must put it up for public auction.
税務署長は、差押財産等を換価するときは、これを公売に付さなければならない。
A public auction must be conducted by the method of bidding or competitive sale.
公売は、入札又は競り売りの方法により行わなければならない。
Article 95Public Auction Notice
When the district director puts seized property, etc. up for public auction, the district director must give public notice of the following matters at least 10 days before the date of the public auction; provided, however, that if the district director finds that the property put up for public auction (hereinafter referred to as "public auction property") would require unreasonable preservation costs or is likely to suffer a significant decrease in value, the district director may shorten this period.
税務署長は、差押財産等を公売に付するときは、公売の日の少なくとも十日前までに、次に掲げる事項を公告しなければならない。ただし、公売に付する財産(以下「公売財産」という。)が不相応の保存費を要し、又はその価額を著しく減少するおそれがあると認めるときは、この期間を短縮することができる。
the name, quantity, nature, and location of the public auction property;
公売財産の名称、数量、性質及び所在
the method of the public auction;
公売の方法
the date, time, and place of the public auction;
公売の日時及び場所
the date, time, and place of the decision to sell;
売却決定の日時及び場所
if a public auction deposit is to be required to be furnished, the amount thereof;
公売保証金を提供させるときは、その金額
the deadline for payment of the purchase price;
買受代金の納付の期限
if certain qualifications or other requirements are necessary for a purchaser of the public auction property, a statement to that effect;
公売財産の買受人について一定の資格その他の要件を必要とするときは、その旨
a statement that a person who holds a pledge, mortgage, statutory lien, right of retention, or other right over the public auction property entitling the person to receive a distribution from the proceeds of the sale of that property is to report its content by the day before the date of the decision to sell;
公売財産上に質権、抵当権、先取特権、留置権その他その財産の売却代金から配当を受けることができる権利を有する者は、売却決定の日の前日までにその内容を申し出るべき旨
beyond the matters listed in the preceding items, any matter found to be important in relation to the public auction.
前各号に掲げる事項のほか、公売に関し重要と認められる事項
The public notice under the preceding paragraph is to be given by posting it on the bulletin board of the tax office or in another place within the tax office that is easily visible to the public; provided, however, that this does not preclude the concurrent use of other methods, such as posting in another appropriate place, or publication in the Official Gazette or in a daily newspaper carrying matters of current affairs.
前項の公告は、税務署の掲示場その他税務署内の公衆の見やすい場所に掲示して行う。ただし、他の適当な場所に掲示する方法、官報又は時事に関する事項を掲載する日刊新聞紙に掲げる方法その他の方法を併せて用いることを妨げない。
Article 96Notice of Public Auction
When the district director has given the public notice under the preceding Article, the district director must notify the delinquent taxpayer and those of the following persons who are known of the matters listed in the items of paragraph (1) of that Article (excluding item (viii)) and the amount of the national tax relating to the public auction.
a person who has made a request for share distribution with respect to the public auction property;
公売財産につき交付要求をした者
a person who holds a pledge, mortgage, statutory lien, right of retention, superficies right, right of lease, or other right over the public auction property;
公売財産上に質権、抵当権、先取特権、留置権、地上権、賃借権その他の権利を有する者
When giving the notice under the preceding paragraph, the district director must, at the same time, demand of those persons who are known among the persons entitled to receive a distribution from the proceeds of the sale of the public auction property that they submit, by the day before the day on which the decision to sell that property is made, the written statement of the current amount of claims prescribed in Article 130, paragraph (1) (Method for Confirming Amount of Claims) with respect to the national tax, local tax, or other claims for which they are entitled to receive the distribution.
Article 97Place of Public Auction
A public auction is to be conducted in the city, town, or village (including special wards) where the public auction property is located; provided, however, that the district director may conduct it at another place if the district director finds it necessary.
公売は、公売財産の所在する市町村(特別区を含む。)において行うものとする。ただし、税務署長が必要と認めるときは、他の場所で行うことができる。
Article 98Determination of the Estimated Value
The district director must determine the estimated value of the public auction property by appropriately taking into account the transaction prices of similar property in the vicinity or of property of the same kind, the profits to be generated from the public auction property, the cost of the public auction property, and other circumstances affecting the formation of the price of the public auction property. In this case, the district director must take into consideration that the determination of the estimated value is for the public auction of seized property, etc.
When determining the estimated value pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the district director may, if the district director finds it necessary, entrust an appraiser with its valuation and refer to the appraised value.
税務署長は、前項の規定により見積価額を決定する場合において、必要と認めるときは、鑑定人にその評価を委託し、その評価額を参考とすることができる。
Article 99Public Notice of the Estimated Value, Etc.
When the district director puts property listed in the following items among public auction property up for public auction, the district director must give public notice of the estimated value by the day set out in the respective item.
税務署長は、公売財産のうち次の各号に掲げる財産を公売に付するときは、当該各号に掲げる日までに見積価額を公告しなければならない。
Property to be sold at public auction by the method of auction by competitive bidding or by the method prescribed in Article 105, paragraph (1) (Multiple Successful Bid System) (excluding the property listed in the preceding item): the day before the day of the public auction (if the district director finds that a fact falling under the proviso to Article 95, paragraph (1) (Public Auction Notice) exists with regard to the property, the day of the public auction);
Other property for which the district director finds a public notice to be necessary: the day before the day of the public auction.
その他の財産で税務署長が公告を必要と認めるもの 公売の日の前日
When selling at public auction property whose estimated value is not publicly noticed, the district director must place a document stating the estimated value, put in an envelope and sealed, at the place where the public auction is held.
税務署長は、見積価額を公告しない財産を公売するときは、その見積価額を記載した書面を封筒に入れ、封をして、公売をする場所に置かなければならない。
The provisions of Article 95, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to the public notice under paragraph (1). However, the district director may, only where the public auction property is movable property, substitute for this public notice the affixing to the property of a sheet stating the estimated value.
In the case referred to in paragraph (1), if there is, over the public auction property, a right of lease (limited to one relating to real property or a ship) or a superficies right, the district director must also give public notice of its term of duration, rent or land rent, and other particulars of these rights.
Article 99-2Statement Indicating That the Relevant Person Is Not an Organized Crime Group Member, etc.
A person who intends to make a bid, etc. for public auction property (limited to real property; hereinafter referred to as "real property for public auction" in this Article, Article 106-2 (Commission of Examinations) and Article 108, paragraph (5) (Measures to Ensure Proper Conduct of Public Auctions)) (if that person is a corporation, its representative) may not make a bid, etc. unless the person states to the district director, as provided by Ministry of Finance Order, that the person does not fall under any of the following items.
The person who intends to make a bid, etc. for the real property for public auction (if that person is a corporation, its officer) is an organized crime group member (meaning an organized crime group member prescribed in Article 2, item (vi) (Definitions) of the Act on Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group Members (Act No. 77 of 1991); the same applies hereinafter in this item) or a person for whom five years have not elapsed since the day they ceased to be an organized crime group member (referred to as "organized crime group member, etc." in the following item, Article 106-2 and Article 108, paragraph (5));
A person who intends to have a bid, etc. made for the real property for public auction on their own account (if that person is a corporation, its officer) is an organized crime group member, etc.
Article 100Public Auction Deposit
A person who intends to make a bid, etc. for public auction property (hereinafter referred to as a "bidder, etc.") must provide a public auction deposit, in an amount determined by the district director at 10 percent or more of the estimated value of the public auction property, by any of the methods set out in the following items. However, the district director may decide that a public auction deposit is not required where the estimated value of the public auction property is the amount specified by Cabinet Order or less, or where the purchase price is to be paid on the day of the decision to sell.
A method of payment in cash (including, among checks that can be used for payment of national tax, a check drawn by a bank and a check for which payment is guaranteed; the same applies in the following item, paragraph (4) and Article 115, paragraph (3) (Payment Deadline for the Purchase Price, etc.));
A method of submitting to the district director a document certifying that a contract (limited to one that satisfies the requirements specified by Ministry of Finance Order) has been concluded between the bidder, etc. and a guaranteeing bank, etc. (meaning a bank or other person that the district director finds appropriate; the same applies hereinafter in this item and paragraph (4)) to the effect that the guaranteeing bank, etc. will, upon the demand of the district director, pay cash equivalent to the public auction deposit for the bidder, etc.
Except where the proviso to the preceding paragraph applies, a bidder, etc. may not make a bid, etc. unless the bidder, etc. has provided a public auction deposit.
If there is a public auction deposit provided by the method set out in paragraph (1), item (i), the purchaser of the public auction property may apply that public auction deposit to the purchase price. However, if the decision to sell is revoked under Article 115, paragraph (4), the district director must apply that public auction deposit to the national tax relating to the public auction and, if there is still a remainder, deliver it to the delinquent taxpayer.
Where the district director has made a disposition under Article 115, paragraph (4) against a bidder, etc. who provided a public auction deposit by the method set out in paragraph (1), item (ii), the district director is to cause the guaranteeing bank, etc. for that bidder, etc. to pay cash equivalent to that public auction deposit. In this case, the cash paid by that guaranteeing bank, etc. is deemed to be a public auction deposit provided by the person subject to that disposition by the method set out in paragraph (1), item (i), and the proviso to the preceding paragraph applies.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to cases where the district director has made a disposition under Article 108, paragraph (2) (Measures to Ensure Proper Conduct of Public Auctions). In this case, the phrase "Article 115, paragraph (4)" in the preceding paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "Article 108, paragraph (2) (Measures to Ensure Proper Conduct of Public Auctions)", and the phrase "the proviso to the preceding paragraph" is deemed to be replaced with "paragraph (3) of that Article".
In the cases set out in the following items, the district director must, without delay, return the public auction deposit prescribed in each item to the person who provided it.
税務署長は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、遅滞なく、当該各号に規定する公売保証金をその提供した者に返還しなければならない。
Where the highest bidder and the next highest bidder (hereinafter referred to as the "highest bidder, etc.") have been determined under Articles 104 through 105 (Determination of Highest Bidder, etc.) and there is a public auction deposit provided by another bidder, etc.;
第百四条から第百五条まで(最高価申込者等の決定)の規定により最高価申込者及び次順位買受申込者(以下「最高価申込者等」という。)を定めた場合において、他の入札者等の提供した公売保証金があるとき。
Where the highest bidder could not be determined because none of the prices of the bids, etc. reached the estimated value or for any other reason, and there is a public auction deposit provided by a bidder, etc.;
Where the highest bidder, etc. or the purchaser has cancelled their bid, etc. or purchase under Article 114 and there is a public auction deposit provided by that person;
Where the highest bidder has paid the purchase price under Article 115, paragraph (3) and there is a public auction deposit provided by the highest bidder other than one applied to the purchase price under the main clause of paragraph (3), or a public auction deposit provided by the next highest bidder;
Where the decision to sell has been revoked under Article 117 (Revocation of Decision to Sell upon Full Payment of National Tax, etc.) and there is a public auction deposit provided by the purchaser.
Article 101Bidding and Opening of Bids
A person who intends to make a bid must seal a bid document stating their address or residence, name (in the case of a corporation, its name; the same applies hereinafter), the name of the public auction property, the bid price and other necessary particulars, and submit it to a collection official. In this case, where a bid is made using the electronic data processing system prescribed in Article 6, paragraph (1) (Applications Using Electronic Data Processing Systems) of the Act on the Advancement of Government Administration Processes That Utilize Information and Communications Technology (Act No. 151 of 2002) pursuant to that paragraph, a measure specified by Ministry of Finance Order that corresponds to sealing the bid document is to be substituted for that sealing.
A bidder may not exchange, change or cancel the bid document that the bidder submitted.
入札者は、その提出した入札書の引換、変更又は取消をすることができない。
When opening bids, the collection official must have the bidders attend the opening. However, if the bidders do not attend, the collection official must have another official belonging to the tax office attend the opening.
開札をするときは、徴収職員は、入札者を開札に立ち会わせなければならない。ただし、入札者が立ち会わないときは、税務署所属の他の職員を開札に立ち会わせなければならない。
Article 102Re-bidding
Where the district director sells seized property, etc. at public auction by the method of bidding, if there is no bidder or the bid price does not reach the estimated value, the district director may immediately hold a re-bidding. In this case, the estimated value may not be changed.
税務署長は、入札の方法により差押財産等を公売する場合において、入札者がないとき、又は入札価額が見積価額に達しないときは、直ちに再度入札をすることができる。この場合においては、見積価額を変更することができない。
Article 103Auction by Competitive Bidding
When selling seized property, etc. at public auction by the method of auction by competitive bidding, the collection official must designate the property and call for offers to purchase it.
The collection official may select an auctioneer and have the auctioneer handle the auction by competitive bidding of seized property, etc.
The provisions of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the auction by competitive bidding of seized property, etc.
Article 104Determination of the Highest Bidder
The collection official must determine, from among the bidders, etc. whose bids are at the estimated value or more, the bidder, etc. whose bid is at the highest price as the highest bidder.
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if there are two or more bidders, etc. at the highest price, the highest bidder is determined by having them make further bids, etc., and if the prices of those bids, etc. are still the same, by lot.
Article 104-2Determination of the Next Highest Bidder
Where the collection official has sold at public auction by the method of bidding real property, ships, aircraft, motor vehicles, construction machinery, small vessels, claims, or incorporeal property, etc. other than telephone subscription rights (hereinafter referred to as "real property, etc."), if a bidder whose bid is at the next highest price after the bid price of the highest bidder (hereinafter in this Article referred to as the "highest bid price") (limited to a price that is the estimated value or more and is the amount obtained by deducting the amount of the public auction deposit from the highest bid price or more; the same applies in paragraph (3)) (or, where the highest bidder was determined by lot under paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the bidder at the highest price other than that highest bidder; the same applies in paragraph (3)) offers to purchase as the next in order, the collection official must determine that person as the next highest bidder.
徴収職員は、入札の方法により不動産、船舶、航空機、自動車、建設機械、小型船舶、債権又は電話加入権以外の無体財産権等(以下「不動産等」という。)の公売をした場合において、最高価申込者の入札価額(以下この条において「最高入札価額」という。)に次ぐ高い価額(見積価額以上で、かつ、最高入札価額から公売保証金の額を控除した金額以上であるものに限る。第三項において同じ。)による入札者(前条第二項の規定によりくじで最高価申込者を定めた場合には、当該最高価申込者以外の最高の価額の入札者とする。第三項において同じ。)から次順位による買受けの申込みがあるときは、その者を次順位買受申込者として定めなければならない。
The offer to purchase as the next in order under the preceding paragraph must be made immediately after the determination of the highest bidder.
前項の次順位による買受けの申込みは、最高価申込者の決定後直ちにしなければならない。
In the case referred to in paragraph (1), if there are two or more bidders whose bids are at the next highest price after the highest bid price, the next highest bidder is determined by lot.
Article 105Determination of the Highest Bidder under the Multiple Successful Bid System
When selling at public auction by the method of bidding a large quantity of property of the same type and price at one time, if the district director finds it necessary, the district director may adopt a method (hereinafter referred to as the "multiple successful bid system") of having the persons who intend to bid make bids stating the quantity and unit price they desire within the quantity of that property, and of making highest bidders of the bidders, among those whose unit price is the estimated value or more, in descending order of bid price until the quantity of that property is reached. In this case, if there are two or more bidders in the last rank who are to become highest bidders, the one with the larger bid quantity is the prior-ranked bidder, and if the bid quantities are the same, the prior-ranked bidder is determined by lot.
税務署長は、種類及び価額が同じ財産を一時に多量に入札の方法により公売する場合において、必要があると認めるときは、その財産の数量の範囲内において入札をしようとする者の希望する数量及び単価を入札させ、見積価額以上の単価の入札者のうち、入札価額の高い入札者から順次その財産の数量に達するまでの入札者を最高価申込者とする方法(以下「複数落札入札制」という。)によることができる。この場合において、最高価申込者となるべき最後の順位の入札者が二人以上あるときは、入札数量の多いものを先順位の入札者とし、入札数量が同じときは、くじで先順位の入札者を定める。
In the case of the multiple successful bid system, if the bid quantity of the last-ranked bidder among the highest bidders, together with the bid quantities of the other highest bidders, exceeds the quantity of the public auction property, the excess bid quantity is to be treated as not having been bid.
Where the district director has made a decision to sell to highest bidders under the multiple successful bid system, if any of the purchasers does not pay the purchase price by its payment deadline, then only where the decision to sell is made following the opening of bids and payment of the price is made immediately, the district director may, within the quantity for which the decision to sell was made to that person, first treat bids as having been made for the bid quantity treated as not bid under the preceding paragraph (excluding the bid quantity treated as not bid under that paragraph of a purchaser who did not pay the purchase price), and next determine as highest bidders those who did not become highest bidders under the second sentence of paragraph (1). In this case, the second sentence of that paragraph and the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis.
Article 106Announcement of the Close of Bidding or Auction by Competitive Bidding, etc.
When the collection official has determined the highest bidder, etc., the collection official must immediately announce their name and price (in the case of the multiple successful bid system, quantity and unit price; the same applies in the following paragraph) and then announce the close of the bidding or the auction by competitive bidding.
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the property sold at public auction is real property, etc., the district director must notify the name of the highest bidder, etc., their price, and the date, time and place at which the decision to sell is to be made, to the delinquent taxpayer and those, among the persons listed in the items of Article 96, paragraph (1) (Notice of Public Auction) (hereinafter referred to as "interested persons"), who are known, and also give public notice of these matters.
The provisions of Article 95, paragraph (2) (Method of Public Auction Notice) apply mutatis mutandis to the public notice under the preceding paragraph.
Article 106-2Commission of Examinations
The district director must commission the prefectural police having jurisdiction over the location of the tax office to conduct the necessary investigation as to whether the highest bidder, etc. for the real property for public auction (if that person is a corporation, its officer; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) falls under organized crime group member, etc. However, this does not apply in cases specified by Ministry of Finance Order as those where there are circumstances in which the highest bidder, etc. for the real property for public auction should be found not to fall under organized crime group member, etc.
If the district director finds that there is a person who has had the highest bidder, etc. make a bid, etc. for the real property for public auction on that person's own account, the district director must commission the prefectural police having jurisdiction over the location of the tax office to conduct the necessary investigation as to whether the person who had the bid, etc. made for the real property for public auction (if that person is a corporation, its officer; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) falls under organized crime group member, etc. However, this does not apply in cases specified by Ministry of Finance Order as those where there are circumstances in which the person who had the bid, etc. made for the real property for public auction should be found not to fall under organized crime group member, etc.
Article 107Second Public Auction
The district director is to put property up for public auction again where, even though it was put up for public auction, there is no bidder, etc., where the price of the bids, etc. does not reach the estimated value, or where, in a case in which no next highest bidder has been determined, the decision to sell has been revoked under paragraph (2) or (5) of the following Article or Article 115, paragraph (4) (Payment Deadline for the Purchase Price, etc.).
When putting property up for public auction under the preceding paragraph, if the district director finds it necessary, the district director may change the estimated value of the public auction property, shorten the period under the main clause of Article 95, paragraph (1) (Public Auction Notice), and make other changes to the conditions of the public auction.
The provisions of Article 96 (Notice of Public Auction) do not apply where the public auction under paragraph (1) is held within 10 days from the immediately preceding public auction date.
In the application of Article 99, paragraph (1), item (i) (Public Notice of the Estimated Value, Etc.) to a case of putting property up for public auction under paragraph (1), the phrase "the day three days before the day of the public auction" in that item is deemed to be replaced with "the day before the day of the public auction".
第一項の規定により公売に付する場合における第九十九条第一項第一号(見積価額の公告等)の規定の適用については、同号中「公売の日から三日前の日」とあるのは、「公売の日の前日」とする。
Article 108Measures to Ensure Proper Conduct of Public Auctions
The district director may, with regard to a person for whom there is a fact found to show that the person falls under any of the following, for two years after the fact occurred, restrict that person from entering the place of the public auction, expel that person from that place, or not allow that person to make a bid, etc. The same applies to a person who employs, as an employee or other worker, a person for whom two years have not elapsed since the fact occurred, and to a person who makes such a person an agent for a bid, etc.
税務署長は、次に掲げる者に該当すると認められる事実がある者については、その事実があつた後二年間、公売の場所に入ることを制限し、若しくはその場所から退場させ、又は入札等をさせないことができる。その事実があつた後二年を経過しない者を使用人その他の従業者として使用する者及びこれらの者を入札等の代理人とする者についても、また同様とする。
A person who obstructed the participation in a public auction or the bid, etc. of a person who intends to make a bid, etc., the determination of the highest bidder, etc., or the payment of the purchase price by the purchaser;
A person who conspired for the purpose of unjustly lowering the price at a public auction.
公売に際して不当に価額を引き下げる目的をもつて連合した者
A person who made an application to purchase under a false name;
偽りの名義で買受申込みをした者
A purchaser who, without a justifiable reason, does not pay the purchase price by the payment deadline for payment of the purchase price;
正当な理由がなく、買受代金の納付の期限までにその代金を納付しない買受人
A person who intentionally damaged public auction property and reduced its value;
故意に公売財産を損傷し、その価額を減少させた者
In addition to the persons listed in the preceding items, a person who committed an act obstructing the conduct of a public auction or a sale by private contract.
前各号に掲げる者のほか、公売又は随意契約による売却の実施を妨げる行為をした者
With regard to a bid, etc. by a person who falls under the preceding paragraph or a decision determining that person as the highest bidder, etc., the district director may treat the bid, etc. as not having been made or revoke the decision.
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if there is a public auction deposit paid by the person subject to the disposition under that paragraph, that public auction deposit reverts to the national treasury. In this case, Article 100, paragraph (6) (Public Auction Deposit) does not apply.
When the district director finds it necessary for the application of paragraph (1), the district director may require proof of the status of a bidder, etc.
Where the district director finds that the highest bidder, etc. for real property for public auction, or a person who has had the highest bidder, etc. make a bid, etc. for the real property for public auction on their own account, falls under either of the following, the district director may revoke the decision determining those persons as the highest bidder, etc.
An organized crime group member, etc. (including a person who was an organized crime group member, etc. at the time the bid, etc. for the real property for public auction was made);
A corporation that has among its officers a person who falls under organized crime group member, etc. (including one that had among its officers a person who fell under organized crime group member, etc. at the time the bid, etc. for the real property for public auction was made).
第三款 随意契約による売却
Subsection 3 Sale by Private Contract
Article 109Sale by Private Contract
In any of the following cases, the district director may sell seized property, etc. by private contract in lieu of public auction.
次の各号のいずれかに該当するときは、税務署長は、差押財産等を、公売に代えて、随意契約により売却することができる。
Where, under the provisions of laws and regulations, there is only one person who can purchase the public auction property, where the highest price of the property has been fixed and it is sold at that price, or where it is otherwise found inappropriate in the public interest to put it up for public auction;
法令の規定により、公売財産を買い受けることができる者が一人であるとき、その財産の最高価額が定められている場合において、その価額により売却するとき、その他公売に付することが公益上適当でないと認められるとき。
Where property for which there is an exchange quotation is sold at the quotation of that day;
取引所の相場がある財産をその日の相場で売却するとき。
Where, even though the property was put up for public auction, there is no bid, etc., where the price of the bids, etc. does not reach the estimated value, or where the decision to sell has been revoked under Article 115, paragraph (4) (Payment Deadline for the Purchase Price, etc.).
Article 98 (Determination of the Estimated Value) applies mutatis mutandis to a sale under paragraph (1), item (i) or (iii). In this case, when selling under item (iii) of that paragraph, the estimated value must not be lower than the estimated value at the immediately preceding public auction.
When the seized property, etc. to be sold under paragraph (1), item (iii) is movable property, the district director may sell it at a price publicly noticed in advance.
The provisions of Article 96 (Notice of Public Auction), Article 99-2 (Statement Indicating That the Relevant Person Is Not a Current or Former Member of an Organized Crime Group), Article 106-2 (Commission of Examinations) and Article 107, paragraph (3) (Second Public Auction) apply mutatis mutandis to the case of selling seized property, etc. by private contract, and the provisions of Article 106, paragraphs (2) and (3) (Announcement of the Close of Bidding or Auction by Competitive Bidding, etc.) apply mutatis mutandis to the case where the person to become the purchaser by private contract has been determined. In this case, the phrase "When the district director has given the public notice under the preceding Article" in Article 96, paragraph (1) is deemed to be replaced with "No later than seven days before the day of sale by private contract", and the term "notify" in that paragraph with "send a written notice to"; the phrase "who intends to make a bid, etc. for public auction property" in Article 99-2 with "who intends to purchase public auction property by private contract", and the phrase "may not make a bid, etc." in that Article with "may not purchase"; the phrase "who intends to make a bid, etc. for the real property for public auction" in item (i) of that Article with "who intends to purchase the real property for public auction by private contract"; the phrase "intends to have a bid, etc. made for the real property for public auction" in item (ii) of that Article with "intends to have the real property for public auction purchased by private contract"; and the phrase "who has had the highest bidder, etc. make a bid, etc. for the real property for public auction on that person's own account" in Article 106-2, paragraph (2) with "who has intended to have the highest bidder, etc. purchase the real property for public auction by private contract on that person's own account".
第九十六条(公売の通知)、第九十九条の二(暴力団員等に該当しないこと等の陳述)、第百六条の二(調査の嘱託)及び第百七条第三項(再公売)の規定は差押財産等を随意契約により売却する場合について、第百六条第二項及び第三項(入札又は競り売りの終了の告知等)の規定は随意契約により買受人となるべき者を決定した場合について、それぞれ準用する。この場合において、第九十六条第一項中「前条の公告をしたときは」とあるのは「随意契約により売却をする日の七日前までに」と、「通知し」とあるのは「通知書を発し」と、第九十九条の二中「)の入札等をしようとする者」とあるのは「)を随意契約により買い受けようとする者」と、「入札等をすることができない」とあるのは「買い受けることができない」と、同条第一号中「の入札等をしようとする者」とあるのは「を随意契約により買い受けようとする者」と、同条第二号中「の入札等をさせようとする者」とあるのは「を随意契約により買い受けさせようとする者」と、第百六条の二第二項中「の入札等をさせた者」とあるのは「を随意契約により買い受けさせようとした者」と読み替えるものとする。
Article 110Purchase by the State
Where a case falls under paragraph (1), item (iii) of the preceding Article, the State may, if necessary, purchase the property at the estimated value under paragraph (2) of that Article.
第四款 売却決定
Subsection 4 Decision to Sell
Article 111Decision to Sell Movables, etc.
When putting movables, securities or telephone subscription rights up for realization, the district director makes a decision to sell to the highest bidder (including, in the case of a sale by private contract, the person to become the purchaser; the same applies hereinafter) on the day of the public auction (or, in the case of a sale by private contract, the day of the sale; hereinafter referred to as the "public auction date, etc.").
税務署長は、動産、有価証券又は電話加入権を換価に付するときは、公売をする日(随意契約により売却する場合には、その売却する日。以下「公売期日等」という。)において、最高価申込者(随意契約により売却する場合における買受人となるべき者を含む。以下同じ。)に対して売却決定を行う。
Article 112Revocation of Decision to Sell Movables, etc.
The revocation of a decision to sell relating to movables or securities that have been realized cannot be asserted against a purchaser in good faith who has paid the purchase price.
換価をした動産又は有価証券に係る売却決定の取消は、これをもつて買受代金を納付した善意の買受人に対抗することができない。
Where there is a person who has suffered damage because the revocation cannot be asserted against the purchaser under the preceding paragraph, the State is liable to compensate the amount of loss that would ordinarily arise, except where that person was intentional or negligent as to the occurrence of the damage. In this case, if there is another person liable for the cause of the damage, this does not preclude the exercise of the right of reimbursement against that person.
前項の規定により買受人に対抗することができないことにより損害が生じた者がある場合には、その生じたことについてその者に故意又は過失があるときを除き、国は、その通常生ずべき損失の額を賠償する責に任ずる。この場合において、他に損害の原因について責に任ずべき者があるときは、その者に対する求償権の行使を妨げない。
Article 113Decision to Sell Real Property, etc.
When putting real property, etc. up for realization, the district director makes a decision to sell to the highest bidder on the day on which seven days have elapsed counting from the public auction date, etc. (when putting real property up for realization, the day specified by Ministry of Finance Order taking into account the number of days ordinarily required for the investigation under Article 106-2 (Commission of Examinations) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 109, paragraph (4) (Sale by Private Contract)); hereinafter referred to as the "date of decision to sell").
Where a next highest bidder has been determined, if any of the cases set out in the following items applies, the district director makes a decision to sell to the next highest bidder on the day specified in the relevant item.
次順位買受申込者を定めている場合において、次の各号に掲げる場合のいずれかに該当するときは、税務署長は、当該各号に定める日において次順位買受申込者に対して売却決定を行う。
in the case where the district director has revoked the decision concerning the highest bidder pursuant to the provisions of Article 108, paragraph (2) or (5) (Measures to Ensure Proper Conduct of Public Auctions): the date of decision to sell relating to that highest bidder;
in the case where the highest bidder has cancelled the bid pursuant to the provisions of the following Article: the date of decision to sell relating to that bid;
in the case where a purchaser who is the highest bidder has cancelled the purchase pursuant to the provisions of the following Article: the day on which the purchaser cancelled it;
最高価申込者である買受人が次条の規定により買受けの取消しをした場合 当該取消しをした日
in the case where the district director has revoked the decision to sell relating to a purchaser who is the highest bidder pursuant to the provisions of Article 115, paragraph (4) (Payment Deadline for Payment of the Purchase Price, etc.): the day on which the director revoked it.
税務署長が第百十五条第四項(買受代金の納付の期限等)の規定により最高価申込者である買受人に係る売却決定の取消しをした場合 当該取消しをした日
Article 114Cancellation of Purchase Applications, etc.
Where a decision on the highest bidder, etc. or a decision to sell has been made with respect to property that has been put up for realization (hereinafter referred to as "property put up for realization"), and a stay of the continuation of delinquent tax collection procedures has been ordered under the proviso to Article 105, paragraph (1) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (Restriction on Dispositions Where an Appeal Has Been Filed) or any other provision of an Act, the highest bidder, etc. or the purchaser may cancel the bid, etc. or the purchase while the stay continues.
換価に付した財産(以下「換価財産」という。)について最高価申込者等の決定又は売却決定をした場合において、国税通則法第百五条第一項ただし書(不服申立てがあつた場合の処分の制限)その他の法律の規定に基づき滞納処分の続行の停止があつたときは、その停止している間は、その最高価申込者等又は買受人は、その入札等又は買受けを取り消すことができる。
第五款 代金納付及び権利移転
Subsection 5 Payment of Price and Transfer of Rights
Article 115Payment Deadline for Payment of the Purchase Price, etc.
The payment deadline for the payment of the purchase price of property put up for realization is the date of the decision to sell (or, where the purchaser is the next highest bidder, the day on which seven days have elapsed counting from that date).
換価財産の買受代金の納付の期限は、売却決定の日(買受人が次順位買受申込者である場合にあつては、同日から起算して七日を経過した日)とする。
The district director may extend the deadline under the preceding paragraph if the director finds it necessary; however, the period must not exceed 30 days.
税務署長は、必要があると認めるときは、前項の期限を延長することができる。ただし、その期間は、三十日を超えることができない。
The purchaser must pay the purchase price in cash by the deadline under paragraph (1).
買受人は、買受代金を第一項の期限までに現金で納付しなければならない。
If the purchaser does not pay the purchase price by the deadline under paragraph (1), the district director may revoke the decision to sell.
税務署長は、買受人が買受代金を第一項の期限までに納付しないときは、その売却決定を取り消すことができる。
Article 116Effect of Payment of the Purchase Price
The purchaser acquires the property put up for realization at the time the purchaser pays the purchase price.
買受人は、買受代金を納付した時に換価財産を取得する。
When a collection official has received the purchase price, the national tax relating to the realization is deemed to have been collected from the delinquent taxpayer to the extent of the amount received.
Article 117Revocation of Decision to Sell upon Full Payment of National Taxes, etc.
The district director must revoke the decision to sell if the fact of full payment of the national tax relating to the property put up for realization (in the case of realizing specified real property under participatory seizure, the national tax relating to the specified participatory seizure, or the national tax, local tax or public charge relating to the seizure by delinquent tax collection procedure of an administrative agency, etc. consenting to realization) is proved before the purchaser's payment of the purchase price.
Article 118Delivery of Written Notice of the Decision to Sell
When the purchaser of property put up for realization (excluding securities) has paid the purchase price, the district director must deliver the written notice of the decision to sell to the purchaser; however, the director may refrain from delivering it for movables.
税務署長は、換価財産(有価証券を除く。)の買受人がその買受代金を納付したときは、売却決定通知書を買受人に交付しなければならない。ただし、動産については、その交付をしないことができる。
Article 119Delivery of Movables, etc.
When the purchaser of realized movables, securities, or motor vehicles, construction machinery or small vessels (limited to those that a collection official has taken into possession) has paid the purchase price, the district director must deliver the property to the purchaser.
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the property is being kept by the delinquent taxpayer or a third party, the district director may deliver the property by delivering the written notice of the decision to sell to the purchaser. In this case, the district director who has delivered the property must notify the delinquent taxpayer or the third party to that effect.
Article 120Indorsement of Securities
When delivering realized securities to the purchaser, if it is necessary to have the delinquent taxpayer carry out procedures for indorsement, change of name or restoration of negotiability with respect to the transfer of the rights relating to the securities, the district director must specify a time limit and have the delinquent taxpayer carry out those procedures.
税務署長は、換価した有価証券を買受人に引き渡す場合において、その証券に係る権利の移転につき滞納者に裏書、名義変更又は流通回復の手続をさせる必要があるときは、期限を指定して、これらの手続をさせなければならない。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the delinquent taxpayer does not carry out the procedures referred to in that paragraph by that time limit, the district director may carry out the procedures on behalf of the delinquent taxpayer.
Article 121Commission of Registration of Transfer of Rights
With respect to property put up for realization for which registration is required for the transfer of rights, except where otherwise provided for in the Real Property Registration Act (Act No. 123 of 2004) or other laws and regulations, the district director must, at the request of the purchaser who has paid the purchase price, commission the relevant authority to register the transfer of the rights.
税務署長は、換価財産で権利の移転につき登記を要するものについては、不動産登記法(平成十六年法律第百二十三号)その他の法令に別段の定めがある場合を除き、その買受代金を納付した買受人の請求により、その権利の移転の登記を関係機関に嘱託しなければならない。
Article 122Procedures for Transfer of Rights to Claims, etc.
When the purchaser of a realized claim or of property prescribed in Article 73, paragraph (1) (Procedures for Seizure of Telephone Subscription Rights, etc.) or Article 73-2, paragraph (1) (Procedures for Seizure of Book-Entry Corporate Bonds, etc.) has paid the purchase price, the district director must deliver the written notice of the decision to sell to the third-party debtor, etc.
税務署長は、換価した債権又は第七十三条第一項(電話加入権等の差押手続)若しくは第七十三条の二第一項(振替社債等の差押手続)に規定する財産の買受人がその買受代金を納付したときは、売却決定通知書を第三債務者等に交付しなければならない。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if there is a document that has been taken up pursuant to the provisions of Article 65 (Taking Up of Instruments Evidencing a Claim) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 73, paragraph (5) (Taking Up of Certificates of Rights)), the document must be delivered to the purchaser.
Article 123Bearing of Expenses Accompanying Transfer of Rights
Expenses for the procedures under the provisions of Article 120, paragraph (2) (Subrogation for Indorsement of Securities, etc.), and the registration and license tax and other expenses for the registration pertaining to the commission under the provisions of Article 121 (Commission of Registration of Transfer of Rights) are to be borne by the purchaser.
Article 124Extinguishment or Assumption of Security Interests
A pledge, mortgage, statutory lien, or right of retention on property put up for realization, a right pertaining to a provisional registration for security, and a right pertaining to a final registration (including definitive registration) that is based on a provisional registration for security and was made after the seizure of that property are extinguished when the purchaser pays the purchase price. The same applies, in the case where delinquent tax collection procedures have been executed against property transferred as security pursuant to the provisions of Article 24 (Liability in Rem for Tax of a Holder of Property Transferred as Security), and there is a provisional registration of a reservation of repurchase made by the delinquent taxpayer, to the claim preserved by that provisional registration.
If, when realizing real property, a ship, an aircraft, a motor vehicle, or construction machinery, all of the following items apply, the district director may have the purchaser assume the burden relating to a pledge, mortgage, or statutory lien on that property (limited to those that have been registered; the same applies hereinafter in this Article). In this case, the provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply to the pledge, mortgage, or statutory lien so assumed.
When the national tax pertaining to the seizure (in the case of realizing specified real property under participatory seizure, including the local tax or public charge pertaining to the seizure by the delinquent tax collection procedure of an administrative agency, etc. consenting to realization) is to be collected next after the claim secured by that pledge, mortgage, or statutory lien;
When the due date for performance of the claim secured by that pledge, mortgage, or statutory lien does not arrive within six months from the date of decision to sell that property; and
その質権、抵当権又は先取特権により担保される債権の弁済期限がその財産の売却決定期日から六月以内に到来しないとき。
When an application has been made by the person who holds that pledge, mortgage, or statutory lien.
その質権、抵当権又は先取特権を有する者から申出があつたとき。
Article 125Commission of Cancellation of Registration of Rights Extinguished upon Realization
When commissioning the registration of transfer of a right pursuant to the provisions of Article 121 (Commission of Registration of Transfer of Rights), if there is a registration pertaining to a right that is extinguished upon realization, the district director must also commission the relevant authority to cancel it.
税務署長は、第百二十一条(権利移転の登記の嘱託)の規定により権利の移転の登記を嘱託する場合において、換価に伴い消滅する権利に係る登記があるときは、あわせてそのまつ消を関係機関に嘱託しなければならない。
Article 126Warranty, etc.
The provisions of Article 568 (Warranty in Cases of Auctions) of the Civil Code apply mutatis mutandis to the case of realization of seized property, etc.
Article 127Establishment of Statutory Superficies Right, etc.
If land and a building or standing trees on it (hereinafter in this Article referred to as "buildings, etc.") are owned by a delinquent taxpayer, and the land or the buildings, etc. are seized and, as a result of their realization, they come to have different owners, it is deemed that a superficies right has been established with respect to those buildings, etc.
土地及びその上にある建物又は立木(以下この条において「建物等」という。)が滞納者の所有に属する場合において、その土地又は建物等の差押があり、その換価によりこれらの所有者を異にするに至つたときは、その建物等につき、地上権が設定されたものとみなす。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis where a superficies right and the buildings, etc. on the land that is the subject of that right belong to a delinquent taxpayer. In this case, the phrase "a superficies right has been established" in that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "a lease of the land has been made within the duration of the superficies right".
In the cases referred to in the preceding two paragraphs, the duration and the ground rent of the right are to be determined by the court at the request of the parties.
前二項の場合において、その権利の存続期間及び地代は、当事者の請求により裁判所が定める。
第四節 換価代金等の配当
Section 4 Distribution of Proceeds of Realization, etc.
Article 128Money to Be Distributed
The district director must distribute the following money as provided for in this Section:
税務署長は、次に掲げる金銭をこの節の定めるところにより配当しなければならない。
proceeds of the sale of seized property or specified real property under participatory seizure (referred to as "seized property, etc." in paragraph (1), item (iii) of the following Article and Article 136 (Scope of Expenses for the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure));
money received from a third-party debtor, etc. through the seizure of securities, claims, or incorporeal property, etc.;
money that has been seized; and
差し押さえた金銭
money received through a request for share distribution.
交付要求により交付を受けた金銭
If seized property, etc. (meaning the seized property, etc. prescribed in Article 89, paragraph (1); the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) is put up for public sale or sold by private contract in a lump pursuant to the provisions of Article 89, paragraph (3) (Scope of Property to Be Realized, etc.), and it is necessary to determine the amount of the proceeds of the sale set out in item (i) of the preceding paragraph for each item of seized property, etc., that amount is to be the amount obtained by apportioning the total proceeds of the sale in accordance with the estimated value of each item of seized property, etc. The same applies to the bearing of the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure for each item of seized property, etc.
Article 129Principles of Distribution
The money set out in paragraph (1), item (i) or (ii) of the preceding Article (hereinafter referred to as "proceeds of realization, etc.") is to be distributed to the following national taxes and other claims:
national tax pertaining to the seizure (in the case of distributing the proceeds of the sale of specified real property under participatory seizure, the national tax pertaining to the specified participatory seizure);
national tax, local tax, and public charges for which a request for share distribution has been received (in the case of distributing the proceeds of the sale of specified real property under participatory seizure, including the national tax, local tax, and public charges pertaining to the seizure);
claims secured by a pledge, mortgage, statutory lien, right of retention, or provisional registration for security pertaining to seized property, etc.; and
claims for damages or claims pertaining to rent that are subject to the application of the second sentence of Article 59, paragraph (1), or Article 59, paragraph (3) or (4) (Protection of Rights of Third Parties, etc. Who Have Received a Delivery Order) (including the case where these provisions are applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 71, paragraph (4) (Seizure of Motor Vehicles, Construction Machinery, or Small Vessels)).
The money set out in paragraph (1), item (iii) or (iv) of the preceding Article is to be applied, respectively, to the national tax relating to the seizure or the request for share distribution.
If there is a remainder of the money distributed pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, the remainder is to be delivered to the delinquent taxpayer.
With respect to the distribution to a claim secured by a provisional registration for security where there is such a provisional registration on the property put up for realization, the provisions of Article 13 (Right to Claim Preferential Payment) of the Act on Contract for Establishment of Security Interests by Use of Provisional Registration (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 20 of that Act (Application Mutatis Mutandis to Contracts Whose Object Is a Right Other Than Ownership of Land, etc.)) apply mutatis mutandis.
換価財産上に担保のための仮登記がある場合における当該仮登記により担保される債権に対する配当については、仮登記担保契約に関する法律第十三条(優先弁済請求権)(同法第二十条(土地等の所有権以外の権利を目的とする契約への準用)において準用する場合を含む。)の規定を準用する。
If the proceeds of realization, etc. are insufficient for the total amount of the national taxes and other claims set out in the items of paragraph (1), the district director must determine the order and amounts of distribution in accordance with the provisions of Chapter II (Coordination between National Tax and Other Claims), Article 59, paragraph (1), second sentence, and paragraphs (3) and (4) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 71, paragraph (4)), the preceding paragraph, and the Civil Code and other Acts, and make the distribution.
If money distributed to national tax pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or (2) is to be applied to national tax (excluding accessory tax; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) and to the delinquent tax or interest tax on it, that money must first be applied to that national tax.
Article 130Method of Confirming the Amount of Claims
A person who collects the national tax, local tax or public charge set out in paragraph (1), item (ii) of the preceding Article and a person who holds a claim set out in item (iii) or (iv) of that paragraph must submit a written statement of the current amount of claims to the district director by the day before the day of the decision to sell.
The district director is to investigate the written statement of the current amount of claims under the preceding paragraph and confirm the national taxes and other claims set out in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. In this case, if a person who holds a claim set out in the following items does not submit a written statement of the current amount of claims, the district director is to confirm the amount through the district director's own investigation.
a claim secured by a registered pledge, mortgage or statutory lien, or a claim secured by a provisional registration for security;
登記がされた質権、抵当権若しくは先取特権により担保される債権又は担保のための仮登記により担保される債権
a known claim secured by a pledge or statutory lien that cannot be registered, or by a right of retention; or
登記することができない質権若しくは先取特権又は留置権により担保される債権で知れているもの
a known claim set out in paragraph (1), item (iv) of the preceding Article.
前条第一項第四号に掲げる債権で知れているもの
If a person who holds a claim set out in paragraph (1), item (iii) of the preceding Article, other than the claims set out in items (i) and (ii) of the preceding paragraph, does not submit a written statement of the current amount of claims by the time of the decision to sell, that person cannot receive distribution.
Article 131Statement of Distribution
When the district director intends to make a distribution pursuant to the provisions of Article 129 (Principles of Distribution), the district director must prepare, as provided by Cabinet Order, a statement of distribution stating the claims to receive distribution, the amount confirmed by the district director pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, and other necessary matters, and within three days from the date of payment of the purchase price for the property put up for realization, send a certified copy of it for delivery to the following persons:
a person who has submitted a written statement of the current amount of claims;
債権現在額申立書を提出した者
a person who holds a claim the amount of which was confirmed pursuant to the provisions of the second sentence of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article; and
前条第二項後段の規定により金額を確認した債権を有する者
Article 132Date of Delivery of the Proceeds of Realization, etc.
When delivering a certified copy of the statement of distribution pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the district director must give notice by appending the date of delivery of the proceeds of realization, etc. to that certified copy.
The date of delivery of the proceeds of realization, etc. under the preceding paragraph must be the day on which seven days have elapsed counting from the day on which the certified copy of the statement of distribution was sent for delivery; however, if none of the persons who hold the claims set out in Article 129, paragraph (1), item (iii) or (iv) (Claims Receiving Distribution) falls under the persons set out in item (i) or (ii) of the preceding Article, that period may be shortened.
Article 133Delivery of the Proceeds of Realization, etc.
The district director is to deliver the proceeds of realization, etc. on the date of delivery of the proceeds of realization, etc., in accordance with the statement of distribution.
税務署長は、換価代金等の交付期日に配当計算書に従つて換価代金等を交付するものとする。
Delivery of the proceeds of realization, etc. under the preceding paragraph in the case where an objection to the statement of distribution has been filed by the date of delivery of the proceeds of realization, etc. is as provided in the following items:
where the objection is to the distribution amount of the national tax, local tax or public charge stated in the statement of distribution, the district director is to correct the statement of distribution or deliver the proceeds immediately, in accordance with the notice from the administrative agency, etc. concerned;
where the objection would not change the distribution amount of the national tax, local tax or public charge stated in the statement of distribution, if the persons having an interest in the objection and the delinquent taxpayer find the objection to be justified or agree by other means, the district director is to correct the statement of distribution and deliver the proceeds; and
where the objection concerns the distribution amount of another claim that would change the distribution amount of the national tax, local tax or public charge stated in the statement of distribution, if the persons having an interest in the objection and the delinquent taxpayer find the objection to be justified or agree by other means, the district director is to correct the statement of distribution and deliver the proceeds, and if there is no such agreement, the district director is to correct the statement of distribution taking the objection into account and deliver the proceeds, or, if the director finds that there are no reasonable grounds for the objection, to immediately deliver the amount of the national tax, local tax or public charge.
The district director must deposit the proceeds of realization, etc. in the case where the proceeds of realization, etc. cannot be delivered pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, in the case where the claim to which the proceeds of realization, etc. are to be distributed is subject to a condition precedent, or in the case where the claim to which the proceeds of realization, etc. are to be distributed is a claim secured by a pledge, mortgage or statutory lien for which a provisional registration (including a provisional registration by a provisional disposition under the provisions of Article 53, paragraph (2) (Execution of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposal to Preserve the Right to Claim Registration of Real Property) of the Civil Provisional Remedies Act (Act No. 91 of 1989) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 54 of that Act (Execution of Provisional Disposition Prohibiting Disposal to Preserve the Right to Claim Registration or Recording of Rights Other Than Rights Relating to Real Property))) has been made. In this case (limited to the case where the proceeds of realization, etc. cannot be delivered pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph), the district director must notify the persons having an interest in the objection to that effect.
税務署長は、前項の規定により換価代金等を交付することができない場合、換価代金等を配当すべき債権が停止条件付である場合又は換価代金等を配当すべき債権が仮登記(民事保全法(平成元年法律第九十一号)第五十三条第二項(不動産の登記請求権を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の執行)(同法第五十四条(不動産に関する権利以外の権利についての登記又は登録請求権を保全するための処分禁止の仮処分の執行)において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による仮処分による仮登記を含む。)がされた質権、抵当権若しくは先取特権により担保される債権である場合には、換価代金等を供託しなければならない。この場合(前項の規定により換価代金等を交付することができない場合に限る。)において、税務署長は、その旨を異議に関係を有する者に通知しなければならない。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, when the persons who are to receive delivery of the proceeds of realization, etc. and the amounts have become clear by reason of a final judgment, the consent of all persons having an interest in the objection, or other grounds, the distribution must be made accordingly. In this case, the district director must deliver a certificate of payment of the distribution amount to the person who is to receive the distribution and send a written payment entrustment to the deposit office with which the deposit was made pursuant to the provisions of that paragraph.
Payment by the deposit office to the person who is to receive distribution pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is to be made on the basis of the written payment entrustment referred to in that paragraph.
When a deposit has been made pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3), the creditor relating to that deposit must, immediately upon the extinction of the grounds for the deposit, report that fact to the district director.
第三項の規定による供託がされた場合における当該供託に係る債権者は、その供託の事由が消滅したときは、直ちに、その旨を税務署長に届け出なければならない。
When a deposit has been made pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3), if two years have elapsed from the day of the deposit (or, where the creditor has made a notification, in response to a reminder under this paragraph, that the grounds for the deposit have not been extinguished, from the day of the last such notification) without a notification under the provisions of the preceding paragraph being made, the district director must send the creditor relating to the deposit a reminder to make the notification under the provisions of that paragraph if the grounds for the deposit have been extinguished, or to make a notification to the effect that they have not been extinguished if the grounds for the deposit have not been extinguished.
If the creditor relating to the deposit who has received the reminder under the preceding paragraph does not make, within 14 days from the day of receiving the reminder, the notification under the provisions of paragraph (6) or the notification under the preceding paragraph that the grounds for the deposit have not been extinguished, the district director may make a decision to carry out the distribution of the proceeds of realization, etc. out of the deposited money pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4), excluding the creditor relating to the deposit.
The decision under the preceding paragraph takes effect on the day on which seven days have elapsed from the day on which the creditor relating to the deposit received notice of the decision; however, this does not apply if the creditor relating to the deposit has made, by the time that seven-day period has elapsed, the notification under the provisions of paragraph (6) or the notification under paragraph (7) that the grounds for the deposit have not been extinguished.
If the creditor relating to the deposit has notified the district director, before the period prescribed in paragraph (7) has elapsed, that the grounds for the deposit have not been extinguished, then for the purpose of the application of that paragraph, the notification referred to in that paragraph that the grounds for the deposit have not been extinguished is deemed to have been made.
Article 134Deposit of the Proceeds of Realization, etc.
If the due date for performance of the claim to which the proceeds of realization, etc. are to be distributed has not arrived, the amount to be delivered to the creditor must be deposited.
換価代金等を配当すべき債権の弁済期が到来していないときは、その債権者に交付すべき金額は、供託しなければならない。
When the district director has made a deposit pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the district director must notify the creditor referred to in that paragraph to that effect.
Article 135Measures Accompanying Revocation of Decision to Sell
When the district director has revoked a decision to sell, the director must carry out the following procedures; however, this does not apply where, under Article 112, paragraph (1) (Revocation of Decision to Sell Movables, etc.), the revocation cannot be asserted against the purchaser:
税務署長は、売却決定を取り消したときは、次に掲げる手続をしなければならない。ただし、第百十二条第一項(動産等の売却決定の取消)の規定により、その取消をもつて買受人に対抗することができないときは、この限りでない。
return to the purchaser of the proceeds of realization, etc. received by the collection official;
commission of the cancellation of the registration of the transfer of the rights relating to the realization that was commissioned pursuant to the provisions of Article 121 (Commission of Registration of Transfer of Rights) or other laws and regulations; and
第百二十一条(権利移転の登記の嘱託)その他の法令の規定により嘱託した換価に係る権利の移転の登記のまつ消の嘱託
commission of the registration of restoration of the registration of a pledge, mortgage or other right that was cancelled by a commission relating to the realization pursuant to the provisions of Article 125 (Commission of Cancellation of Registration of Rights Extinguished upon Realization) or other laws and regulations.
第百二十五条(換価に伴い消滅する権利の登記のまつ消の嘱託)その他の法令の規定による嘱託で換価に係るものによりまつ消された質権、抵当権その他の権利の登記の回復の登記の嘱託
Where there is an amount distributed from the proceeds of realization, etc. to a pledgee, mortgagee or holder of a statutory lien relating to the registration of restoration commissioned pursuant to the provisions of item (iii) of the preceding paragraph, if they do not return that amount, the district director may be subrogated to them to the extent of that amount. In this case, where the distributed amount is part of the claim secured by that pledge, mortgage or statutory lien, the district director may exercise the right relating to the subrogation and receive payment in priority to that creditor, without the consent of the creditor to whom the director is subrogated.
第五節 滞納処分費
Section 5 Expenses for the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure
Article 136Scope of Expenses for the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure
The expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure are the expenses relating to the seizure of property by the delinquent tax collection procedure for national tax, request for share distribution, custody, transport and realization of seized property, etc., and dispositions pursuant to the provisions of Article 93 (Dispositions such as Repair), the collection of seized securities, claims and incorporeal property, etc., and distribution (excluding the expenses required for the service of written notices and other documents).
Article 137Order of Distribution, etc. of Expenses for the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure
The expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure are distributed or applied in priority to the national tax that gave rise to their collection.
滞納処分費については、その徴収の基因となつた国税に先だつて配当し、又は充当する。
Article 138Notice of Payment of Expenses for the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure
If the national tax has been paid in full and the property of the delinquent taxpayer is to be seized with respect to the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure, the district director must, as provided by Cabinet Order, give the delinquent taxpayer notice of payment.
第六節 雑則
Section 6 Miscellaneous Provisions
第一款 滞納処分の効力
Subsection 1 Effect of Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures
Article 139Effect of Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures Where Inheritance, etc. Has Occurred
After a delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on the property of a delinquent taxpayer, if the delinquent taxpayer dies or a corporation that is the delinquent taxpayer is extinguished by merger, the delinquent tax collection procedure may be continued on that property.
滞納者の財産について滞納処分を執行した後、滞納者が死亡し、又は滞納者である法人が合併により消滅したときは、その財産につき滞納処分を続行することができる。
A seizure made, after the death of the delinquent taxpayer, on property in the name of the delinquent taxpayer for that national tax is deemed to have been made against the heir who holds that property with respect to that national tax; however, this does not apply if the collection official knew of the death.
Where the duties of the trustee of a trust have ended, if a new trustee takes office after a delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed, during the period until a new trustee takes office, on property belonging to the trust property, the delinquent tax collection procedure may be continued on that property.
信託の受託者の任務が終了した場合において、新たな受託者が就任するに至るまでの間に信託財産に属する財産について滞納処分を執行した後、新たな受託者が就任したときは、その財産につき滞納処分を続行することができる。
After a delinquent tax collection procedure has been executed on property belonging to the trust property of a corporation that is the trustee of a trust, if a split has been carried out by which the rights and obligations of that corporation as trustee are succeeded to, the delinquent tax collection procedure may be continued on that property.
信託の受託者である法人の信託財産に属する財産について滞納処分を執行した後、当該受託者である法人としての権利義務を承継する分割が行われたときは、その財産につき滞納処分を続行することができる。
Article 140Effect of Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures on Property Subject to Provisional Seizure, etc.
The execution of a delinquent tax collection procedure is not hindered by a provisional seizure or provisional disposition.
滞納処分は、仮差押又は仮処分によりその執行を妨げられない。
第二款 財産の調査
Subsection 2 Investigation of Property
第百四十一条(徴収職員の滞納処分に関する調査に係る質問検査権)
Article 141Authority of Collection Officials to Question and Inspect in Investigations Concerning Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures
When it is necessary to investigate the property of a delinquent taxpayer for the purpose of a delinquent tax collection procedure, a collection official may, within the scope found to be necessary, question the persons listed in the following items, inspect books and documents relating to the property of such persons (including, where electronic or magnetic records (meaning records made in an electronic form, a magnetic form, or any other form that cannot be perceived by human senses, which are used for information processing by computers) are created or kept in lieu of the creation or keeping of such books and documents, those electronic or magnetic records; the same applies in Article 146-2 (Requests for Cooperation to Business Operators, etc.) and Article 188, item (iii) (Penal Provisions)) and other articles, and request the presentation or submission of such articles (including copies thereof).
a third party who possesses the property of a delinquent taxpayer, and a third party for whom there are reasonable grounds to find that the third party possesses it;
滞納者の財産を占有する第三者及びこれを占有していると認めるに足りる相当の理由がある第三者
a person who has or had a claim against or an obligation to a delinquent taxpayer, or a person for whom there are reasonable grounds to find that the person has or had such a claim or obligation, or a person for whom there are reasonable grounds to find that the person has acquired property from a delinquent taxpayer; or
滞納者に対し債権若しくは債務があつた、若しくはあると認めるに足りる相当の理由がある者又は滞納者から財産を取得したと認めるに足りる相当の理由がある者
a juridical person of which a delinquent taxpayer is a shareholder or investor.
滞納者が株主又は出資者である法人
Article 141-2Retention of Submitted Articles
When it is necessary for an investigation concerning a delinquent tax collection procedure, a collection official may retain articles submitted in that investigation.
徴収職員は、滞納処分に関する調査について必要があるときは、当該調査において提出された物件を留め置くことができる。
Article 142Authority and Methods of Search
When it is necessary for the purpose of a delinquent tax collection procedure, a collection official may search the articles or the dwelling or other premises of a delinquent taxpayer.
When it is necessary for the purpose of a delinquent tax collection procedure, a collection official may search the articles or the dwelling or other premises of a third party only where one of the following items applies.
徴収職員は、滞納処分のため必要がある場合には、次の各号の一に該当するときに限り、第三者の物又は住居その他の場所につき捜索することができる。
Where a third party who possesses the property of a delinquent taxpayer does not deliver it; or
滞納者の財産を所持する第三者がその引渡をしないとき。
Where there are reasonable grounds to find that a relative or other person with a special relationship to a delinquent taxpayer possesses the property of the delinquent taxpayer, and that person does not deliver it.
滞納者の親族その他の特殊関係者が滞納者の財産を所持すると認めるに足りる相当の理由がある場合において、その引渡をしないとき。
When it is necessary in the course of a search under the preceding two paragraphs, a collection official may have a delinquent taxpayer or a third party open doors, safes, or other containers, or may take the measures necessary to open them himself or herself.
Article 143Time Limits on Searches
A search must not be conducted from sunset until sunrise; provided, however, that a search commenced before sunset may be continued after sunset.
捜索は、日没後から日出前まではすることができない。ただし、日没前に着手した捜索は、日没後まで継続することができる。
Notwithstanding the main clause of the preceding paragraph, with regard to inns, restaurants, and other places that the public may enter and leave even at night, where there are reasonable grounds to find that it is unavoidably necessary for the execution of a delinquent tax collection procedure, a search may be conducted even after sunset during the hours when the place is open to the public.
旅館、飲食店その他夜間でも公衆が出入することができる場所については、滞納処分の執行のためやむを得ない必要があると認めるに足りる相当の理由があるときは、前項本文の規定にかかわらず、日没後でも、公開した時間内は、捜索することができる。
Article 144Witnesses to Searches
When conducting a search, a collection official must have present as a witness the delinquent taxpayer or third party subject to the search, or a relative living with that person, or an employee or other worker of that person, who has appropriate discretion. In this case, if these persons are absent or do not comply with the request to attend, the collection official must have present as witnesses two or more persons who have attained the age of majority, or an employee of a local government or a police officer.
Article 145Prohibition of Entry and Exit
When conducting a search, seizure, or removal of seized property, if it is found that there is an obstruction to the execution of these measures, a collection official may prohibit entry into and exit from the place while these measures are being carried out, except for the following persons:
a third party who keeps the property subject to seizure, and a third party who has been searched under Article 142, paragraph (2) (Search of Third Parties);
差押に係る財産を保管する第三者及び第百四十二条第二項(第三者に対する捜索)の規定により捜索を受けた第三者
a relative living with a person listed in the preceding two items; and
前二号に掲げる者の同居の親族
a person who has the authority to represent a delinquent taxpayer with regard to the delinquent taxpayer's returns, applications, and other matters concerning national taxes.
Article 146Preparation of Search Records
When a collection official has conducted a search, the collection official must prepare a search record.
徴収職員は、捜索したときは、捜索調書を作成しなければならない。
When a collection official has prepared a search record, the collection official must deliver a certified copy of it to the delinquent taxpayer or third party that was searched and, where there is a witness other than those persons, to the witness.
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs do not apply where a seizure record is prepared pursuant to Article 54 (Seizure Record). In this case, a certified copy of the seizure record must be delivered to the third party and the witness referred to in the preceding paragraph.
Article 146-2Requests for Cooperation to Business Operators, etc.
When it is necessary for an investigation concerning a delinquent tax collection procedure, a collection official may request a business operator (including a corporation established under a special Act) or a government agency or public office to cooperate with regard to the investigation, such as by allowing the inspection or providing of books and documents and other articles that would serve as reference for the investigation.
徴収職員は、滞納処分に関する調査について必要があるときは、事業者(特別の法律により設立された法人を含む。)又は官公署に、当該調査に関し参考となるべき帳簿書類その他の物件の閲覧又は提供その他の協力を求めることができる。
Article 147Presentation of Identification Cards, etc.
When conducting questioning, inspection, a request for presentation or submission, or a search under the provisions of this Subsection, or when performing the duties referred to in the preceding Article, a collection official must carry a certificate showing their status and must present it when requested by a person concerned.
The authority to question, inspect, request presentation or submission, retain articles, or search under the provisions of this Subsection must not be construed as having been granted for the purpose of a criminal investigation.
この款の規定による質問、検査、提示若しくは提出の要求、物件の留置き又は捜索の権限は、犯罪捜査のために認められたものと解してはならない。
第一節 換価の猶予
Section 1 Grace Period for Realization
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
削除
Article 151Requirements for Grace Periods for Realization, etc.
Where a delinquent taxpayer is found to fall under any of the following items and it is found that they have a sincere intention to make tax payments, the district director may grant a grace period for the realization of their assets through a delinquent tax collection procedure with regard to the national tax payable by the delinquent taxpayer (excluding national tax subject to application of the provisions of Article 46, paragraphs (1) through (3) (Requirements for Tax Payment Grace Period) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes or paragraph (1) of the following Article); provided, however, that the grace period may not exceed one year:
税務署長は、滞納者が次の各号のいずれかに該当すると認められる場合において、その者が納税について誠実な意思を有すると認められるときは、その納付すべき国税(国税通則法第四十六条第一項から第三項まで(納税の猶予の要件等)又は次条第一項の規定の適用を受けているものを除く。)につき滞納処分による財産の換価を猶予することができる。ただし、その猶予の期間は、一年を超えることができない。
where the delinquent taxpayer is likely to face difficulty in continuing their business or maintaining their livelihood if their assets are realized immediately;
その財産の換価を直ちにすることによりその事業の継続又はその生活の維持を困難にするおそれがあるとき。
where the granting of a grace period for the realization of the delinquent taxpayer's assets is more beneficial to the collection of the delinquent national tax and national taxes to be paid in the near future than the immediate realization of their assets.
その財産の換価を猶予することが、直ちにその換価をすることに比して、滞納に係る国税及び最近において納付すべきこととなる国税の徴収上有利であるとき。
When the district director grants a grace period for realization under the preceding paragraph, or extends the period of a grace period for realization under Article 46, paragraph (7) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes as applied mutatis mutandis with replacement of terms pursuant to Article 152, paragraph (3) (Payment in Installments, Notices, etc. Relating to Grace Period for Realization), if the district director finds it necessary, the district director may request the delinquent taxpayer to submit an inventory of assets, documents concerning the provision of security, or other documents specified by Cabinet Order, or documents that become necessary for having payment made in installments pursuant to the provisions of Article 152, paragraph (1).
税務署長は、前項の規定による換価の猶予又は第百五十二条第三項(換価の猶予に係る分割納付、通知等)において読み替えて準用する国税通則法第四十六条第七項の規定による換価の猶予の期間の延長をする場合において、必要があると認めるときは、滞納者に対し、財産目録、担保の提供に関する書類その他の政令で定める書類又は第百五十二条第一項の規定により分割して納付させるために必要となる書類の提出を求めることができる。
Article 151-2
In addition to the case under the provisions of the preceding Article, where it is found that paying the national tax in a lump sum is likely to make it difficult for the delinquent taxpayer to continue their business or maintain their livelihood, and it is found that the delinquent taxpayer has a sincere intention to make tax payments, the district director may, based on an application by the delinquent taxpayer made within six months after the due date for payment of the national tax (where a permission for postponement of tax payment or payment in kind has been revoked, the date on which the document concerning the revocation was issued), grant a grace period for the realization of assets through a delinquent tax collection procedure, for a period not exceeding one year, with regard to the national tax payable by the delinquent taxpayer (excluding national tax subject to application of the provisions of Article 46, paragraphs (1) through (3) (Requirements for Tax Payment Grace Period) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes).
税務署長は、前条の規定によるほか、滞納者がその国税を一時に納付することによりその事業の継続又はその生活の維持を困難にするおそれがあると認められる場合において、その者が納税について誠実な意思を有すると認められるときは、その国税の納期限(延納又は物納の許可の取消しがあつた場合には、その取消しに係る書面が発せられた日)から六月以内にされたその者の申請に基づき、一年以内の期間を限り、その納付すべき国税(国税通則法第四十六条第一項から第三項まで(納税の猶予の要件等)の規定の適用を受けているものを除く。)につき滞納処分による財産の換価を猶予することができる。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply where there is a delinquency in national tax other than the national tax subject to the application (excluding the national taxes listed in the following items).
national tax for which an application is pending for a tax payment grace period under Article 46, paragraphs (1) through (3) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (referred to as a "tax payment grace period" in the following item) or for a grace period for realization under the preceding paragraph; and
国税通則法第四十六条第一項から第三項までの規定による納税の猶予(次号において「納税の猶予」という。)又は前項の規定による換価の猶予の申請中の国税
national tax subject to application of Article 46, paragraphs (1) through (3) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, or the preceding paragraph (excluding that national tax where it falls under Article 49, paragraph (1), item (iv) (Revocation of Tax Payment Grace Period) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (3) or (4) of the following Article) and the tax payment grace period or the grace period for realization under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article or the preceding paragraph is to be revoked).
国税通則法第四十六条第一項から第三項まで又は前条第一項若しくは前項の規定の適用を受けている国税(同法第四十九条第一項第四号(納税の猶予の取消し)(次条第三項又は第四項において準用する場合を含む。)に該当し、納税の猶予又は前条第一項若しくは前項の規定による換価の猶予が取り消されることとなる場合の当該国税を除く。)
A person who intends to apply for a grace period for realization under the provisions of paragraph (1) must submit to the district director a written application stating the details of the circumstances that would make it difficult to continue their business or maintain their livelihood if the national tax referred to in that paragraph were paid in a lump sum, the amount for which payment would be difficult, the period for which they seek to receive the grace period, each due date for payment and the amount to be paid by each due date where the amount under the grace period is paid in installments, and other matters specified by Cabinet Order, with an inventory of assets, documents concerning the provision of security, and other documents specified by Cabinet Order attached.
Article 152Payment in Installments, Notices, etc. Relating to Grace Period for Realization
When the district director grants a grace period for realization under the provisions of Article 151, paragraph (1) (Requirements for Grace Periods for Realization, etc.) or paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, or extends the period of a grace period for realization under Article 46, paragraph (7) (Requirements for Tax Payment Grace Period) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes as applied mutatis mutandis with replacement of terms pursuant to paragraph (3) or under Article 46, paragraph (7) of that Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (4), the district director is to have the amount under the grace period (up to the amount specified by Cabinet Order as the amount for which payment would be difficult) paid in installments in each month within the period of the grace period (or, where the district director finds that there are unavoidable circumstances, in the months within that period that the district director designates; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph). In this case, the district director must ensure that, in light of the state of the delinquent taxpayer's property and other circumstances, the amount to be paid in each month within the period of the grace period is reasonable and appropriate for each month.
税務署長は、第百五十一条第一項(換価の猶予の要件等)若しくは前条第一項の規定による換価の猶予又は第三項において読み替えて準用する国税通則法第四十六条第七項(納税の猶予の要件等)若しくは第四項において準用する同条第七項の規定による換価の猶予の期間の延長をする場合には、その猶予に係る金額(その納付を困難とする金額として政令で定める額を限度とする。)をその猶予をする期間内の各月(税務署長がやむを得ない事情があると認めるときは、その期間内の税務署長が指定する月。以下この項において同じ。)に分割して納付させるものとする。この場合においては、滞納者の財産の状況その他の事情からみて、その猶予をする期間内の各月に納付させる金額が、それぞれの月において合理的かつ妥当なものとなるようにしなければならない。
When the district director grants a grace period for realization under the provisions of Article 151, paragraph (1) or paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, if the district director finds it necessary, the district director may defer or release the seizure of property whose seizure is likely to make it difficult for the delinquent taxpayer to continue their business or maintain their livelihood.
The provisions of Article 46, paragraphs (5) through (7) and (9), Article 47, paragraph (1) (Notice of Tax Payment Grace Period), Article 48, paragraphs (3) and (4) (Collection from Fruits, etc.), and Article 49, paragraph (1) (excluding the part pertaining to item (v)) and paragraph (3) (Revocation of Tax Payment Grace Period) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes apply mutatis mutandis to a grace period for realization under the provisions of Article 151, paragraph (1). In this case, the phrase "that period based on an application by the taxpayer" in Article 46, paragraph (7) of that Act is deemed to be replaced with "that period", and the phrase "paragraph (4) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph)" in paragraph (9) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "Article 152, paragraph (1) of the National Tax Collection Act (Payment in Installments, Notices, etc. Relating to Grace Period for Realization)", respectively.
国税通則法第四十六条第五項から第七項まで及び第九項、第四十七条第一項(納税の猶予の通知等)、第四十八条第三項及び第四項(果実等による徴収)並びに第四十九条第一項(第五号に係る部分を除く。)及び第三項(納税の猶予の取消し)の規定は、第百五十一条第一項の規定による換価の猶予について準用する。この場合において、同法第四十六条第七項中「納税者の申請に基づき、その期間」とあるのは「その期間」と、同条第九項中「第四項(前項において準用する場合を含む。)」とあるのは「国税徴収法第百五十二条第一項(換価の猶予に係る分割納付、通知等)」と、それぞれ読み替えるものとする。
The provisions of Article 46, paragraphs (5) through (7) and (9), Article 46-2, paragraph (4) and paragraphs (6) through (10) (Application Procedures for Tax Payment Grace Period, etc.), Article 47, Article 48, paragraphs (3) and (4), and Article 49, paragraphs (1) and (3) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes apply mutatis mutandis to a grace period for realization under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. In this case, the phrase "paragraph (4) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph)" in Article 46, paragraph (9) of that Act is deemed to be replaced with "Article 152, paragraph (1) of the National Tax Collection Act (Payment in Installments, Notices, etc. Relating to Grace Period for Realization)"; the phrase "whether payment will be made by the installment payment method (including, if payment is to be made by the installment payment method, each due date for the installment payments and the amount to be paid by each due date)" in Article 46-2, paragraph (4) of that Act is deemed to be replaced with "each due date for the installment payments and the amount to be paid by each due date where the amount under the grace period is paid in installments"; the phrase "paragraphs (1) through (4)" in paragraph (6) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "paragraph (4) as applied mutatis mutandis with replacement of terms pursuant to Article 151-2, paragraph (3) (Requirements for Grace Periods for Realization, etc.) of the National Tax Collection Act or Article 152, paragraph (4) (Payment in Installments, Notices, etc. Relating to Grace Period for Realization) of that Act"; the phrase "paragraphs (1) through (4)" in paragraph (7) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "paragraph (4) as applied mutatis mutandis with replacement of terms pursuant to Article 151-2, paragraph (3) of the National Tax Collection Act or Article 152, paragraph (4) of that Act"; the phrase "paragraphs (1) through (4)" in paragraph (10) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "paragraph (4) as applied mutatis mutandis with replacement of terms pursuant to Article 151-2, paragraph (3) of the National Tax Collection Act or Article 152, paragraph (4) of that Act", the phrase "paragraphs (1) through (3) or paragraph (7) of the preceding Article" in the same paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "Article 151-2, paragraph (1) of the National Tax Collection Act or paragraph (7) of the preceding Article as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 152, paragraph (4) of that Act", in item (ii) of that paragraph, the phrase "the following paragraph" is deemed to be replaced with "Article 141 of the National Tax Collection Act (Authority of Collection Officials to Question and Inspect in Investigations Concerning Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures)", and the phrase "that paragraph" is deemed to be replaced with "that Article"; and the phrase "paragraphs (1) through (4) of the preceding Article" in Article 47, paragraph (2) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes is deemed to be replaced with "paragraph (4) of the preceding Article as applied mutatis mutandis with replacement of terms pursuant to Article 151-2, paragraph (3) (Requirements for Grace Periods for Realization, etc.) of the National Tax Collection Act or Article 152, paragraph (4) (Payment in Installments, Notices, etc. Relating to Grace Period for Realization) of that Act", respectively.
国税通則法第四十六条第五項から第七項まで及び第九項、第四十六条の二第四項及び第六項から第十項まで(納税の猶予の申請手続等)、第四十七条、第四十八条第三項及び第四項並びに第四十九条第一項及び第三項の規定は、前条第一項の規定による換価の猶予について準用する。この場合において、同法第四十六条第九項中「第四項(前項において準用する場合を含む。)」とあるのは「国税徴収法第百五十二条第一項(換価の猶予に係る分割納付、通知等)」と、同法第四十六条の二第四項中「分割納付の方法により納付を行うかどうか(分割納付の方法により納付を行う場合にあつては、分割納付の各納付期限及び各納付期限ごとの納付金額を含む。)」とあるのは「その猶予に係る金額を分割して納付する場合の各納付期限及び各納付期限ごとの納付金額」と、同条第六項中「第一項から第四項まで」とあるのは「国税徴収法第百五十一条の二第三項(換価の猶予の要件等)又は同法第百五十二条第四項(換価の猶予に係る分割納付、通知等)において読み替えて準用する第四項」と、同条第七項中「第一項から第四項まで」とあるのは「国税徴収法第百五十一条の二第三項又は同法第百五十二条第四項において読み替えて準用する第四項」と、同条第十項中「第一項から第四項まで」とあるのは「国税徴収法第百五十一条の二第三項又は同法第百五十二条第四項において読み替えて準用する第四項」と、「前条第一項から第三項まで又は第七項」とあるのは「同法第百五十一条の二第一項又は同法第百五十二条第四項において準用する前条第七項」と、同項第二号中「次項」とあるのは「国税徴収法第百四十一条(徴収職員の滞納処分に関する調査に係る質問検査権)」と、「同項」とあるのは「同条」と、同法第四十七条第二項中「前条第一項から第四項まで」とあるのは「国税徴収法第百五十一条の二第三項(換価の猶予の要件等)又は同法第百五十二条第四項(換価の猶予に係る分割納付、通知等)において読み替えて準用する前条第四項」と、それぞれ読み替えるものとする。
第二節 滞納処分の停止
Section 2 Suspension of Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures
Article 153Requirements for Suspension of Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures, etc.
When the district director finds that there is a fact falling under any of the following items with regard to a delinquent taxpayer, the district director may suspend the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure.
税務署長は、滞納者につき次の各号のいずれかに該当する事実があると認めるときは、滞納処分の執行を停止することができる。
where there is no property on which the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure and collection upon a request for collection assistance by a tax treaty partner, etc. can be carried out (hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as "execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure, etc.");
滞納処分の執行及び租税条約等の相手国等に対する共助対象国税の徴収の共助の要請による徴収(以下この項において「滞納処分の執行等」という。)をすることができる財産がないとき。
where carrying out the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure, etc. is likely to place the delinquent taxpayer's livelihood in serious distress; or
滞納処分の執行等をすることによつてその生活を著しく窮迫させるおそれがあるとき。
where both the whereabouts of the delinquent taxpayer and any property on which the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure, etc. can be carried out are unknown.
その所在及び滞納処分の執行等をすることができる財産がともに不明であるとき。
When the district director has suspended the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the district director must notify the delinquent taxpayer to that effect.
When the district director has suspended the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), item (ii), if there is property that has been seized with regard to the national tax concerned in the suspension, the district director must release the seizure.
The obligation to pay a national tax for which the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure has been suspended pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) is extinguished when the suspension of the execution has continued for three years.
Where the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure has been suspended pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), item (i), if the national tax concerns a qualified acceptance of inheritance, or it is otherwise clear that the national tax cannot be collected, the district director may, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, immediately extinguish the obligation to pay the national tax.
Article 154Revocation of Suspension of Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures
When the district director finds, within three years after suspending the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure pursuant to the provisions of the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, that there is no fact falling under the items of that paragraph with regard to the delinquent taxpayer concerned in the suspension, the district director must revoke the suspension of the execution.
When the district director has rescinded a stay of the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the district director must notify the delinquent taxpayer to that effect.
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
削除
第三節 保全担保及び保全差押
Section 3 Security for Preservation and Preservative Seizure
Article 158Security for Preservation
If a taxpayer is delinquent in paying consumption tax, etc. (excluding consumption tax) and it is found that collection of that national tax to be imposed on the taxpayer thereafter cannot be secured, the district director may, as security for that national tax, designate an amount and a time limit and order the taxpayer to provide any of the things listed in the items of Article 50 (Types of Security) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes.
The amount designated pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is limited to an amount equivalent to three times the amount of the national tax in question for the month preceding the month in which the provision of security is ordered (or, if that amount is less than the amount of the national tax in question for the month corresponding to the month in which the provision of security is ordered in the preceding year and for the two months following that month, that latter amount).
If the district director has ordered the provision of security for the national tax in question (excluding liquor tax) pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) and the taxpayer does not provide the ordered security by the designated time limit, the district director may notify the taxpayer in writing that, in relation to that national tax, a mortgage will be established, up to the amount designated pursuant to the provisions of that paragraph, on the taxpayer's property that can be the subject of a mortgage.
When the notice under the preceding paragraph has been given, the taxpayer who received the notice is deemed to have established the mortgage referred to in that paragraph. In this case, the district director must commission the relevant authority to register the establishment of the mortgage.
In the case referred to in the second sentence of the preceding paragraph (excluding the case provided for in the following paragraph), a document certifying that the document referred to in paragraph (3) has reached the taxpayer referred to in that paragraph must be attached to the document relating to the commission.
In the case referred to in the second sentence of paragraph (4), when making a commission under Article 18 (Method of Application for Registration) of the Real Property Registration Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 16, paragraph (2) (Registration upon Commission) of that Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis under other laws and regulations), information certifying that the document referred to in paragraph (3) has reached the taxpayer referred to in that paragraph must be provided together with the commission information. In this case, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 116, paragraph (1) (Registration upon Commission by Government Agency) of that Act, it is not necessary to obtain the consent of the person obliged to register.
第四項後段の場合において、不動産登記法第十六条第二項(嘱託による登記)(他の法令において準用する場合を含む。)において準用する同法第十八条(登記の申請方法)の規定による嘱託をするときは、その嘱託情報と併せて第三項の書面が同項の納税者に到達したことを証する情報を提供しなければならない。この場合においては、同法第百十六条第一項(官庁の嘱託による登記)の規定にかかわらず、登記義務者の承諾を得ることを要しない。
If security has been provided pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or a mortgage has been established pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) (hereinafter referred to as "provision of security, etc."), and a period during which there has been no delinquency in the national tax relating to the order referred to in paragraph (1) has continued for three consecutive months, the district director must release the security.
If the district director finds that provision of security, etc. is no longer necessary owing to a change in the financial resources or other circumstances of the taxpayer who has made the provision of security, etc., the district director may, notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, release it immediately.
Article 159Preservative Seizure
If a person found to have a tax liability has been subjected to seizure, seizure with a recording order, or retention under the provisions of Chapter XI (Investigation and Disposition of Criminal Tax Cases) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, or to seizure under the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure (Act No. 131 of 1948) (including an order to provide electronic or magnetic records under the provisions of that Act (limited to an order requiring provision by the method listed in Article 102-2, paragraph (1), item (i), (a) (Order to Provide Electronic or Magnetic Records) of that Act)), an order to provide electronic or magnetic records (limited to an order requiring provision by the method listed in (b) of that item), or arrest, on suspicion of having unlawfully evaded national tax or unlawfully received a refund of national tax, and it is found that collection of the national tax cannot be secured after the determination of the amount of the national tax to be paid in relation to the disposition (meaning determination by filing of a return, correction, or decision, and including notice of tax payment for national withholding tax as provided for in Article 2, item (ii) (Definitions) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes; the same applies hereinafter in this Article), the district director may, before the determination of the amount of that national tax to be paid, decide the amount, out of the amount of national tax expected to be determined, for which the district director finds it necessary to execute the delinquent tax collection procedure in advance in order to secure its collection (hereinafter referred to in this Article as the "amount for preservative seizure"). In this case, a collection official may immediately seize the property of that person, up to that amount.
納税義務があると認められる者が不正に国税を免れ、又は国税の還付を受けたことの嫌疑に基づき、国税通則法第十一章(犯則事件の調査及び処分)の規定による差押え、記録命令付差押え若しくは領置又は刑事訴訟法(昭和二十三年法律第百三十一号)の規定による押収(同法の規定による電磁的記録提供命令(同法第百二条の二第一項第一号イ(電磁的記録提供命令)に掲げる方法による提供を命ずるものに限る。)を含む。)、電磁的記録提供命令(同号ロに掲げる方法による提供を命ずるものに限る。)若しくは逮捕を受けた場合において、その処分に係る国税の納付すべき額の確定(申告、更正又は決定による確定をいい、国税通則法第二条第二号(定義)に規定する源泉徴収等による国税についての納税の告知を含む。以下この条において同じ。)後においては当該国税の徴収を確保することができないと認められるときは、税務署長は、当該国税の納付すべき額の確定前に、その確定をすると見込まれる国税の金額のうちその徴収を確保するためあらかじめ滞納処分を執行することを要すると認める金額(以下この条において「保全差押金額」という。)を決定することができる。この場合においては、徴収職員は、その金額を限度として、その者の財産を直ちに差し押さえることができる。
When the district director intends to make the decision under the preceding paragraph, the district director must obtain in advance the approval of the regional commissioner under whom the district director serves.
税務署長は、前項の規定による決定をしようとするときは、あらかじめ、その所属する国税局長の承認を受けなければならない。
When deciding the amount for preservative seizure pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), the district director must notify the person found to have the tax liability prescribed in that paragraph of that amount for preservative seizure in writing.
If, after the notice under the preceding paragraph has been given, the person found to have the tax liability provides, as security equivalent to the amount for preservative seizure to which the notice relates, any of the things listed in the items of Article 50 (Types of Security) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes and requests that the seizure not be made, the collection official may not make that seizure.
A collection official must release the seizure under the provisions of paragraph (1) when item (i) or item (ii) applies, and must release the security prescribed in item (iii) when that item applies:
the person subjected to the seizure under the provisions of paragraph (1) has provided the security prescribed in the preceding paragraph and requested release of the seizure;
the amount of the national tax to be paid in relation to the seizure has not been determined by the day on which one year has elapsed from the day on which the notice under paragraph (3) was given; or
the amount of the national tax to be paid in relation to the security provided for the amount for preservative seizure has not been determined by the day on which one year has elapsed from the day on which the notice under paragraph (3) was given.
A collection official may release the seizure or the security if, in relation to a person subjected to the seizure under the provisions of paragraph (1) or a person who has provided the security under paragraph (4) or item (i) of the preceding paragraph, it comes to be found, owing to a change in that person's financial resources or other circumstances, that the seizure or the taking of security is no longer necessary.
If a seizure under the provisions of paragraph (1) has been made or security under paragraph (4) or paragraph (5), item (i) has been provided, and the amount of the national tax to be paid in relation to that seizure or provision of security is then determined, that seizure or provision of security is deemed to have been made for the purpose of collecting that national tax.
Property seized pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) may not be realized until after the amount of the national tax to be paid in relation to the seizure has been determined.
In the case referred to in paragraph (1), if it is found that the property to be seized is insufficient, the district director may make a request for share distribution in lieu of seizure. In this case, it must be made clear that the request is a request for share distribution.
第一項の場合において、差し押さえるべき財産に不足があると認められるときは、税務署長は、差押えに代えて交付要求をすることができる。この場合においては、その交付要求であることを明らかにしなければならない。
If there is money seized pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) (including money received from a third-party debtor, etc. through the seizure of securities, claims, or incorporeal property, etc.) and the amount of the national tax to be paid in relation to the seizure has not been determined, the district director must deposit it.
If the amount determined as the amount of the national tax to be paid, as referred to in paragraph (1), is less than the amount for preservative seizure and the person subjected to the seizure has suffered damage by the seizure, the State is liable to compensate for that damage. In this case, the amount is the amount of loss that would ordinarily arise from the seizure.
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
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第七章 削除
Chapter VII Deleted
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
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第八章 不服審査及び訴訟の特例
Chapter VIII Special Provisions on Appeals and Litigation
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
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Article 171Special Provisions on Time Limits for Appeals, etc. Concerning Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures
An appeal made on the ground that there is a defect in a disposition listed in the following items in a delinquent tax collection procedure (including, for a disposition listed in item (i), the failure of the notice of it to arrive) (excluding an appeal for which the period during which an appeal may be filed has elapsed under Article 11 (Extension of Time Limits due to Disasters and Similar Causes) or Article 77 (Period for Filing Appeals) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, and a request for review under Article 75, paragraph (3) or (4) (Appeals against Dispositions Concerning National Tax) of that Act) may be made, notwithstanding those provisions, only by the time limit specified in the relevant item.
Demand: the date on which three months have elapsed from the date on which notice of the seizure was received (if there was no such notice, the date on which the person learned that the seizure had been made)
督促 差押えに係る通知を受けた日(その通知がないときは、その差押えがあつたことを知つた日)から三月を経過した日
Seizure of real property, etc.: the public auction date, etc. for that property
Dispositions with regard to real property, etc. from the public notice under Article 95 (Public Auction Notice) (including the notice under Article 96 (Notice of Public Auction) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 109, paragraph (4) (Sale by Private Contract)) up to the decision to sell: the payment deadline for the payment of the purchase price of the property put up for realization
Distribution of proceeds of realization, etc.: the date of delivery of the proceeds of realization, etc.
換価代金等の配当 換価代金等の交付期日
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to the filing of an action under Article 115, paragraph (1), item (iii) (Special Provisions on Filing an Action) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes. In this case, the phrase "the period during which an appeal may be filed has elapsed under Article 11 (Extension of Time Limits due to Disasters and Similar Causes) or Article 77 (Period for Filing Appeals) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, and a request for review under Article 75, paragraph (3) or (4) (Appeals against Dispositions Concerning National Tax) of that Act" in the preceding paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "the period during which an action may be filed has elapsed under Article 14, paragraph (1) or (2) (Statute of Limitations for Filing an Action) of the Administrative Case Litigation Act (Act No. 139 of 1962)".
前項の規定は、国税通則法第百十五条第一項第三号(訴えの提起の特例)の規定による訴えの提起について準用する。この場合において、前項中「国税通則法第十一条(災害等による期限の延長)又は第七十七条(不服申立期間)の規定により不服申立てをすることができる期間を経過したもの及び同法第七十五条第三項又は第四項(国税に関する処分についての不服申立て)の規定による審査請求」とあるのは、「行政事件訴訟法(昭和三十七年法律第百三十九号)第十四条第一項又は第二項(出訴期間)の規定により訴えを提起することができる期間を経過したもの」と読み替えるものとする。
Where an appeal prescribed in paragraph (1) is made with regard to a disposition listed in item (iii) or (iv) of that paragraph, the provisions of Article 77, paragraph (4) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes do not apply to the written request for reinvestigation (meaning the written request for reinvestigation prescribed in Article 81, paragraph (2) (Matters to Be Stated in a Written Request for Reinvestigation, etc.) of that Act) or the written request for review (meaning the written request for review prescribed in Article 87, paragraph (2) (Matters to Be Stated in a Written Request for Review, etc.) of that Act).
第一項第三号及び第四号に掲げる処分につき、同項に規定する不服申立てをする場合において、その再調査の請求書(国税通則法第八十一条第二項(再調査の請求書の記載事項等)に規定する再調査の請求書をいう。)又は審査請求書(同法第八十七条第二項(審査請求書の記載事項等)に規定する審査請求書をいう。)については、同法第七十七条第四項の規定は、適用しない。
Article 172Restrictions on Removal of Seized Movables, etc.
Where a third party who has received a delivery order prescribed in Article 58, paragraph (2) (Delivery Order to Third Parties Possessing Movables, etc. of Delinquent Taxpayers) files an appeal against the order on the ground that the property concerned in the order does not belong to the delinquent taxpayer, the property cannot be removed while the appeal is pending.
Article 173Restrictions on Revocation of Decisions to Sell Real Property, etc.
Where an appeal concerning a delinquent tax collection procedure is made on the ground that there is a defect in a disposition listed in Article 171, paragraph (1), item (iii) (Special Provisions on Time Limits for Appeals Concerning Public Auctions, etc.), if the disposition is unlawful but the case falls under any of the following, the district director, the regional commissioner, the director-general of a customs house, or the President of the National Tax Tribunal may dismiss the appeal:
第百七十一条第一項第三号(公売等に関する不服申立ての期限の特例)に掲げる処分に欠陥があることを理由として滞納処分に関する不服申立てがあつた場合において、その処分は違法ではあるが、次に掲げる場合に該当するときは、税務署長、国税局長若しくは税関長又は国税不服審判所長は、その不服申立てを棄却することができる。
where a disposition to be carried out following the disposition concerned in the appeal (hereinafter in this item referred to as a "subsequent disposition") has already been carried out, the unlawfulness of the disposition concerned in the appeal is minor, and it is found inappropriate to let it affect the subsequent disposition; or
その不服申立てに係る処分に続いて行われるべき処分(以下この号において「後行処分」という。)が既に行われている場合において、その不服申立てに係る処分の違法が軽微なものであり、その後行処分に影響を及ぼさせることが適当でないと認められるとき。
where the property realized is being used for public purposes or in any other case in which revoking the disposition concerned in the appeal would cause a serious obstruction to the public interest, and it is found that revoking the disposition would still not be compatible with the public welfare even after taking into consideration the degree of damage suffered by the person who made the appeal, the degree and method of compensation for that damage, and all other circumstances.
換価した財産が公共の用に供されている場合その他その不服申立てに係る処分を取り消すことにより公の利益に著しい障害を生ずる場合で、その不服申立てをした者の受ける損害の程度、その損害の賠償の程度及び方法その他一切の事情を考慮してもなおその処分を取り消すことが公共の福祉に適合しないと認められるとき。
A decision or ruling dismissing an appeal under the provisions of the preceding paragraph must clearly state that the disposition is unlawful and the reasons for dismissing the appeal.
前項の規定による不服申立てについての棄却の決定又は裁決には、処分が違法であること及び不服申立てを棄却する理由を明示しなければならない。
The provisions of paragraph (1) do not preclude a claim for damages against the State.
第一項の規定は、国に対する損害賠償の請求を妨げない。
第九章 雑則
Chapter IX Miscellaneous Provisions
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
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Article 182Execution of the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure by District Director or Regional Commissioner
A district director or regional commissioner may, as provided by this Act, have a collection official belonging to the tax office or regional taxation bureau execute the delinquent tax collection procedure.
税務署長又は国税局長は、この法律の定めるところにより、その税務署又は国税局所属の徴収職員に滞納処分を執行させることができる。
When the property to be seized or the seized property is located outside the jurisdictional district of a district director or regional commissioner (in the case of a regional commissioner, including when it is located within the jurisdictional district of a district director having jurisdiction over an area within the regional commissioner's jurisdictional district), that district director or regional commissioner may make a transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure to the district director or regional commissioner having jurisdiction over the location of the property.
税務署長又は国税局長は、差し押さえるべき財産又は差押財産がその管轄区域外にあるとき(国税局長については、その管轄区域内の地域を所轄する税務署長の管轄区域内にあるときを含む。)は、当該税務署長又は国税局長は、その財産の所在地を所轄する税務署長又は国税局長に滞納処分の引継ぎをすることができる。
When a district director finds it necessary in order to put seized property or real property under participatory seizure up for realization, the district director may make a transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure to another district director or to a regional commissioner.
When a transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure has been made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, the district director or regional commissioner who received the transfer is to notify the taxpayer to that effect without delay.
Article 183Execution of the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure by Director-General of a Customs House
A director-general of a customs house may, as provided by this Act, have a collection official belonging to the customs house execute the delinquent tax collection procedure.
税関長は、この法律の定めるところにより、その税関所属の徴収職員に滞納処分を執行させることができる。
When the property to be seized or the seized property is located outside the jurisdictional district of a director-general of a customs house, that director-general may make a transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure to the director-general of the customs house having jurisdiction over the location of the property.
税関長は、差し押さえるべき財産又は差押財産がその管轄区域外にあるときは、その財産の所在地を所轄する税関長に滞納処分の引継ぎをすることができる。
When the property to be seized or the seized property is located in an area where the delinquent tax collection procedure would be extremely difficult, a director-general of a customs house may make a transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure to the district director or regional commissioner having jurisdiction over the location of that property.
税関長は、差し押さえるべき財産又は差押財産が滞納処分を著しく困難とする地域にあるときは、これらの財産の所在地を所轄する税務署長又は国税局長に滞納処分の引継ぎをすることができる。
When a director-general of a customs house finds it necessary in order to put seized property or real property under participatory seizure up for realization, the director-general may make a transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure to another director-general of a customs house.
The provisions of paragraph (4) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis where a transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure has been made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs.
Article 184Provisions for Replacement of Terms Where Collection Is Made by Regional Commissioner
With regard to the application of the provisions of this Act (excluding Article 159, paragraph (2) (Approval of Preservative Seizure), Article 173 (Restrictions on Revocation of Decisions to Sell Real Property), and the preceding two Articles; the same applies in the following Article) in the case where a regional commissioner has received the transfer of collection pursuant to the provisions of Article 43, paragraph (3) or Article 44, paragraph (1) (Transfer of Collection) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, or in the case where a regional commissioner has received the transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure pursuant to the provisions of Article 182, paragraph (2) or (3) (Transfer of the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure) or paragraph (3) of the preceding Article, the term "district director" or "tax office" is deemed to be replaced with "regional commissioner" or "regional taxation bureau".
Article 185Provisions for Replacement of Terms Where Collection Is Made by Director-General of a Customs House
With regard to the application of the provisions of this Act in the case where a director-general of a customs house collects pursuant to the provisions of the proviso to Article 43, paragraph (1) (Collection by Director-General of a Customs House) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, in the case where a director-general of a customs house has received the transfer of collection pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) of that Article or Article 44, paragraph (1) (Transfer of Collection) of that Act, or in the case where a director-general of a customs house has received the transfer of the delinquent tax collection procedure pursuant to the provisions of Article 183, paragraph (2) or (4) (Transfer of the Delinquent Tax Collection Procedure), the term "district director" or "tax office" is deemed to be replaced with "director-general of a customs house" or "customs house".
国税通則法第四十三条第一項ただし書(税関長による徴収)の規定により税関長が徴収する場合、同条第四項若しくは同法第四十四条第一項(徴収の引継ぎ)の規定により税関長が徴収の引継ぎを受けた場合又は第百八十三条第二項若しくは第四項(滞納処分の引継ぎ)の規定により税関長が滞納処分の引継ぎを受けた場合におけるこの法律の規定の適用については、「税務署長」又は「税務署」とあるのは、「税関長」又は「税関」とする。
Article 186Delegation to Cabinet Order
In addition to what is provided for in this Act, the matters to be stated in seizure records, written requests for share distribution, and other documents prepared under the provisions of this Act, the matters to be notified to interested persons and other persons under the provisions of this Act, and the procedures for the implementation of this Act and other matters necessary for its enforcement are specified by Cabinet Order.
この法律に定めるもののほか、差押調書、交付要求書その他この法律の規定により作成する書類に記載すべき事項、この法律の規定により利害関係人その他の者に通知すべき事項及びこの法律の実施のための手続その他その執行に関し必要な事項は、政令で定める。
第十章 罰則
Chapter X Penal Provisions
Article 187
If a taxpayer, for the purpose of evading the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure or collection pursuant to a request for collection assistance by a tax treaty partner, etc., conceals or damages their property or disposes of it to the detriment of the State, falsely increases the burden on that property, or alters its present condition so as to reduce its value, or increases the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to that delinquent tax collection procedure or the expenses relating to collection pursuant to a request for collection assistance by a tax treaty partner, etc., that person is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than three years or a fine of not more than 2,500,000 yen, or both.
納税者が滞納処分の執行又は租税条約等の相手国等に対する共助対象国税の徴収の共助の要請による徴収を免れる目的でその財産を隠蔽し、損壊し、若しくは国の不利益に処分し、その財産に係る負担を偽つて増加する行為をし、又はその現状を改変して、その財産の価額を減損し、若しくはその滞納処分に係る滞納処分費若しくは租税条約等の相手国等に対する共助対象国税の徴収の共助の要請による徴収に関する費用を増大させる行為をしたときは、その者は、三年以下の拘禁刑若しくは二百五十万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
The same applies where a third party in possession of the taxpayer's property commits an act referred to in the preceding paragraph for the purpose of enabling the taxpayer to evade the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure or collection pursuant to a request for collection assistance by a tax treaty partner, etc.
納税者の財産を占有する第三者が納税者に滞納処分の執行又は租税条約等の相手国等に対する共助対象国税の徴収の共助の要請による徴収を免れさせる目的で前項の行為をしたときも、同項と同様とする。
If a person, knowing the circumstances, becomes the counterparty of the taxpayer or of the third party in possession of the property in an act referred to in the preceding two paragraphs, the person who committed the violation as the counterparty is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than two years or a fine of not more than 1,500,000 yen, or both.
The offenses under paragraphs (1) and (2) (excluding the portions of those provisions pertaining to the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure) also apply to a person who has committed those offenses outside Japan.
The offense under paragraph (3) (excluding the portion pertaining to the execution of the delinquent tax collection procedure) follows the example of Article 2 (Crimes Committed outside Japan) of the Penal Code (Act No. 45 of 1907).
第三項(滞納処分の執行に係る部分を除く。)の罪は、刑法(明治四十年法律第四十五号)第二条(すべての者の国外犯)の例に従う。
Article 188
In a case that falls under any of the following items, the person who committed the violation is punished by imprisonment for one year or less or a fine of 500,000 yen or less:
次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合には、その違反行為をした者は、一年以下の拘禁刑又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
where the person fails to answer a question by a collection official under the provisions of Article 141 (Authority of Collection Officials to Question and Inspect in Investigations Concerning Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures) or makes a false statement;
where the person refuses, obstructs, or evades an inspection under the provisions of Article 141; or
第百四十一条の規定による検査を拒み、妨げ、又は忌避したとき。
where, in response to a request under the provisions of Article 141 for the presentation or submission of articles, the person fails to comply without justifiable grounds, or presents or submits books and documents or other articles (including copies thereof) containing false entries or records.
第百四十一条の規定による物件の提示又は提出の要求に対し、正当な理由がなくこれに応じず、又は偽りの記載若しくは記録をした帳簿書類その他の物件(その写しを含む。)を提示し、若しくは提出したとき。
Article 189
A person who makes a false statement on the matters to be stated pursuant to the provisions of Article 99-2 (Statement Indicating That the Relevant Person Is Not an Organized Crime Group Member, etc.) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 109, paragraph (4) (Sale by Private Contract)) is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months or a fine of not more than 500,000 yen.
Article 190
If a representative of a corporation (including the administrator of an association or foundation without legal personality), or an agent, employee, or other worker of a corporation or a person, commits a violation of Article 187 or Article 188 (Penal Provisions) in connection with the business or property of that corporation or person, then in addition to punishing the offender, the fine prescribed in the relevant Article is imposed on that corporation or person.
If the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to an association or foundation without legal personality, its representative or administrator represents that association or foundation without legal personality with respect to the act of litigation, and the provisions of laws concerning criminal procedure that apply where a corporation is the accused or a suspect apply mutatis mutandis.
定義第二条第一項第二号・法令全体に適用
地方税法(昭和二十五年法律第二百二十六号)第一条第一項第十四号(用語)に規定する地方団体の徴収金(都及び特別区のこれに相当する徴収金を含む。)、森林環境税及び森林環境譲与税に関する法律(平成三十一年法律第三号)第二条第五号(定義)に規定する森林環境税に係る徴収金及び特別法人事業税及び特別法人事業譲与税に関する法律(平成三十一年法律第四号)第二条第九号(定義)に規定する特別法人事業税に係る徴収金
わかりやすく言うと
地方税法に定める地方団体の徴収金(都と特別区の同様の徴収金を含みます)、森林環境税に係る徴収金、特別法人事業税に係る徴収金のことです。いずれも税そのものに加え、督促手数料、延滞金、滞納処分費などを含みます。
定義第二条第一項第六号・法令全体に適用
国税に関する法律の規定により国税(国税通則法(昭和三十七年法律第六十六号)第二条第二号(定義)に規定する源泉徴収等による国税を除く。)を納める義務がある者及び当該源泉徴収等による国税を徴収して国に納付しなければならない者
わかりやすく言うと
国税に関する法律で国税を納める義務がある者と、源泉徴収に係る所得税や特別徴収に係る国際観光旅客税を徴収して国に納める義務がある者のことです。
定義第二条第一項第七号・法令全体に適用
第三十三条から第四十一条まで(合名会社等の社員等の第二次納税義務)の規定により納税者の国税を納付する義務を負う者
わかりやすく言うと
第三十三条から第四十一条までの規定により、納税者の国税を納める義務を負う者のことです。合名会社などの社員や、事業を譲り受けた特殊関係者などがこれに当たります。
定義第二条第一項第九号・法令全体に適用
納税者でその納付すべき国税をその納付の期限(国税通則法第四十七条第一項(納税の猶予の通知等)に規定する納税の猶予又は徴収若しくは滞納処分に関する猶予に係る期限を除く。)までに納付しないもの
わかりやすく言うと
納税者のうち、納めるべき国税を納付の期限までに納めていない者のことです。この期限には、納税の猶予や、徴収や滞納処分に関する猶予による期限は含まれません。
略称規定第二条第一項第十号・この規定及び第百五十一条の二第一項の中だけ
…国税通則法第三十八条第二項(繰上請求)に規定する繰上げに係る期限及び所得税法(昭和四十年法律第三十三号)若しくは相続税法(昭和二十五年法律第七十三号)の規定による延納(第百五十一条の二第一項(換価の猶予の要件等)において「延納」という。…
わかりやすく言うと
所得税法や相続税法の規定に基づいて、税金の納付を後に延ばすことです。延納による期限は、法定納期限には含まれません。
定義第二条第一項第十号・法令全体に適用
国税に関する法律の規定により国税を納付すべき期限(次に掲げる国税については、それぞれ次に定める期限又は日)をいう。この場合において、国税通則法第三十八条第二項(繰上請求)に規定する繰上げに係る期限及び所得税法(昭和四十年法律第三十三号)若しくは相続税法(昭和二十五年法律第七十三号)の規定による延納(第百五十一条の二第一項(換価の猶予の要件等)において「延納」という。)、国税通則法第四十七条第一項に規定する納税の猶予又は徴収若しくは滞納処分に関する猶予に係る期限は、当該国税を納付すべき期限に含まれないものとする
わかりやすく言うと
国税に関する法律で国税を納めるべきとされている期限のことです。繰上請求による期限や、延納、納税の猶予、徴収や滞納処分に関する猶予による期限は含みません。期限後に告知された国税や附帯税などは、別に定める期限又は日によります。
定義第二条第一項第十二号・法令全体に適用
滞納処分(その例による処分を含む。以下同じ。)、強制執行、担保権の実行としての競売、企業担保権の実行手続、企業価値担保権の実行手続及び破産手続
定義第二条第一項第十三号・法令全体に適用
滞納処分を執行する行政機関その他の者(以下「行政機関等」という。)、裁判所(民事執行法(昭和五十四年法律第四号)第百六十七条の二第二項(少額訴訟債権執行の開始等)に規定する少額訴訟債権執行にあつては、裁判所書記官)、執行官及び破産管財人
わかりやすく言うと
滞納処分を執行する行政機関など、裁判所(裁判所書記官が行う少額訴訟債権執行では裁判所書記官)、執行官、破産管財人のことです。
略称規定第二条第一項第十三号
執行機関 滞納処分を執行する行政機関その他の者(以下「行政機関等」という。)、裁判所(民事執行法(昭和五十四年法律第四号)第百六十七条の二第二項(少額訴訟債権執行の開始等)に規定する少額訴訟債権執行にあつては、裁判所書記官)…
わかりやすく言うと
執行機関のうち、滞納処分を執行する行政機関その他の者のことです。
略称規定第三条第一項
法人でない社団又は財団で代表者又は管理人の定めがあるもの(以下「人格のない社団等」という。)は、法人とみなして、この法律の規定を適用する。
略称規定第九条第一項・この章の中だけ
納税者の財産につき強制換価手続が行われた場合において、国税の交付要求をしたときは、その国税は、その手続により配当すべき金銭(以下この章において「換価代金」という。)につき、その手続に係る費用に次いで徴収する。
わかりやすく言うと
滞納処分、強制執行、担保権の実行としての競売、破産手続などの強制換価手続で、配当されるべきお金のことです。
略称規定第十五条第一項
…その質権が国税の法定納期限(次の各号に掲げる国税については、当該各号に定める日とし、当該国税に係る附帯税及び滞納処分費については、その徴収の基因となつた国税に係る当該各号に定める日とする。以下「法定納期限等」という。)以前に設定されてい…
わかりやすく言うと
国税の法定納期限のことですが、法定納期限後に税額が確定した国税ではその更正通知書などを発した日、繰上請求がされた国税ではその期限など、第十五条第一項の各号に掲げる国税ではそれぞれに定める日をいいます。質権の設定時期と比べて、どちらを先に徴収するかを決める基準になります。
略称規定第十五条第一項第二号
法定納期限前に国税通則法第三十八条第一項(繰上請求)の規定による請求(以下「繰上請求」という。)がされた国税 当該請求に係る期限
わかりやすく言うと
納税者の財産に強制換価手続が始まったときや法人が解散したときなど一定の場合に、税額が確定した国税で納期限までに完納されないと認められるものについて、税務署長が納期限を繰り上げて納付を求めることです(国税通則法第三十八条第一項)。
略称規定第十五条第一項第四号の二・この号の中だけ
地価税(国税通則法第二条第七号(定義)に規定する法定申告期限(以下この号において「法定申告期限」という。)までに納付するもの及び第一号に掲げるものを除く。) その更正通知書又は決定通知書を発した日(申告により確定したものについては、その申…
わかりやすく言うと
国税に関する法律で、納税申告書を提出しなければならないとされている期限のことです(国税通則法第二条第七号)。
略称規定第十五条第一項第八号
合併により消滅した法人(以下「被合併法人」という。)に属していた財産から徴収する合併後存続する法人又は当該合併に係る他の被合併法人の固有の国税及び合併後存続する法人の固有の財産から徴収する被合併法人の国税(合併のあつた日前にその納付すべき…
わかりやすく言うと
合併によって消滅した法人のことです。
略称規定第十五条第一項第九号・この号の中だけ
分割を無効とする判決の確定により当該分割をした法人(以下この号において「分割法人」という。)に属することとなつた財産から徴収する分割法人の固有の国税及び分割法人の固有の財産から徴収する分割法人の国税通則法第九条の二(法人の合併等の無効判決…
わかりやすく言うと
分割を無効とする判決が確定した場合の、その分割をした法人のことです。
略称規定第十五条第一項第十号・この号の中だけ
分割により事業を承継した法人(以下この号において「分割承継法人」という。)の当該分割をした法人から承継した財産(以下この号において「承継財産」という。)から徴収する分割承継法人の固有の国税…
わかりやすく言うと
分割により、分割をした法人から事業を引き継いだ法人のことです。
略称規定第十五条第一項第十号・この号の中だけ
分割により事業を承継した法人(以下この号において「分割承継法人」という。)の当該分割をした法人から承継した財産(以下この号において「承継財産」という。)から徴収する分割承継法人の固有の国税…
わかりやすく言うと
分割により事業を引き継いだ法人が、分割をした法人から引き継いだ財産のことです。
略称規定第十五条第一項第十号・この号の中だけ
…分割承継法人の固有の財産から徴収する分割承継法人の国税通則法第九条の三(法人の分割に係る連帯納付の責任)に規定する連帯納付の責任(以下この号において「連帯納付責任」という。)に係る国税及び分割承継法人の承継財産から徴収する分割承継法人の…
わかりやすく言うと
法人が分割(分社型分割を除きます)をしたときに、分割で事業を承継した法人が、分割をした法人の一定の国税について、承継した財産の価額を限度として連帯して納める責任のことです(国税通則法第九条の三)。
略称規定第二十三条第一項
国税の法定納期限等以前に納税者の財産につき、その者を登記義務者(登録義務者を含む。)として、仮登記担保契約に関する法律(昭和五十三年法律第七十八号)第一条(趣旨)に規定する仮登記担保契約に基づく仮登記又は仮登録(以下「担保のための仮登記」…
わかりやすく言うと
お金の債務の担保として、返済されないときに所有権などの権利を債権者に移すことを目的とする契約(代物弁済の予約など)に基づいてされた仮登記または仮登録のことです。
略称規定第二十四条第一項
納税者が国税を滞納した場合において、その者が譲渡した財産でその譲渡により担保の目的となつているもの(以下「譲渡担保財産」という。)があるときは、その者の財産につき滞納処分を執行してもなお徴収すべき国税に不足すると認められるときに限り…
わかりやすく言うと
納税者が譲渡した財産のうち、その譲渡によって担保の目的となっているもののことです。納税者の財産に滞納処分をしてもなお国税に不足すると認められるときに限り、この財産から納税者の国税を徴収できます。
略称規定第二十四条第二項
税務署長は、前項の規定により徴収しようとするときは、譲渡担保財産の権利者(以下「譲渡担保権者」という。)に対し、徴収しようとする金額その他必要な事項を記載した書面により告知しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
納税者が譲渡し、その譲渡によって担保の目的となっている財産(譲渡担保財産)の権利者のことです。
略称規定第二十四条第五項第二号
第六十二条(差押えの手続及び効力発生時期)又は第七十三条(電話加入権等の差押えの手続及び効力発生時期)の規定の適用を受ける財産(これらの財産の権利の移転につき登記を要するものを除く。) 第三債務者又はこれに準ずる者(以下「第三債務者等」と…
わかりやすく言うと
差し押さえる債権の債務者(第三債務者)や、電話加入権や合名会社の社員の持分などの財産について、これに準ずる立場にある者のことです(第六十二条、第七十三条)。
略称規定第二十五条第一項・この条の中だけ
買戻しの特約のある売買の登記、再売買の予約の請求権の保全のための仮登記(仮登録を含む。以下同じ。)その他これに類する登記(以下この条において「買戻権の登記等」という。)がされている譲渡担保財産でその買戻権の登記等の権利者が滞納者であるとき…
わかりやすく言うと
買戻しの特約のある売買の登記、再売買の予約の請求権を保全するための仮登記(仮登録を含みます)その他これに類する登記のことです。
略称規定第二十六条第一項・この条の中だけ
強制換価手続において国税が他の国税、地方税又は公課(以下この条において「地方税等」という。)及びその他の債権(以下この条において「私債権」という。)と競合する場合において、この章又は地方税法その他の法律の規定により、国税が地方税等に先だち…
わかりやすく言うと
強制換価手続で国税と競い合う、他の国税、地方税または公課のことです。
略称規定第二十六条第一項・この条の中だけ
強制換価手続において国税が他の国税、地方税又は公課(以下この条において「地方税等」という。)及びその他の債権(以下この条において「私債権」という。)と競合する場合において、この章又は地方税法その他の法律の規定により、国税が地方税等に先だち…
わかりやすく言うと
強制換価手続で国税と競合する債権のうち、国税、地方税及び公課以外のその他の債権のことです。
定義第三十四条第二項・この項の中だけ
同法第百八十二条第二項(残余財産の帰属)に規定する残余財産受益者等
わかりやすく言うと
信託が終わったときに残る財産(残余財産)について、信託行為でその給付を受ける受益者(残余財産受益者)又はその財産が帰属すべき者(帰属権利者)となるよう指定された者のことです(信託法第百八十二条)。
定義第三十四条第二項・この項の中だけ
同法第百七十七条(清算受託者の職務)に規定する清算受託者
わかりやすく言うと
信託が終わった時以後の受託者のことで、残っている業務の終了、債権の取立てや債務の弁済、残余財産の給付などを行います(信託法第百七十七条)。
略称規定第三十四条第二項・この項の中だけ
…その清算受託者に対し滞納処分を執行してもなおその徴収すべき額に不足すると認められる場合に限り、清算受託者(信託財産に属する財産のみをもつて当該国税を納める義務を履行する責任を負う清算受託者に限る。以下この項において「特定清算受託者」とい…
わかりやすく言うと
信託が終わった後の受託者(清算受託者)のうち、信託財産に属する財産だけをもってその国税を納める義務を果たす責任を負う者のことです。
略称規定第三十五条第一項
滞納者がその者を判定の基礎となる株主又は社員として選定した場合に法人税法(昭和四十年法律第三十四号)第二条第十号(同族会社の定義)に規定する会社に該当する会社(以下「同族会社」という。)の株式又は出資を有する場合において…
わかりやすく言うと
滞納者を判定の基礎となる株主や社員として数えた場合に、法人税法の同族会社に当たる会社のことです。法人税法では、株主等の三人以下とその特殊の関係のある個人・法人が発行済株式などの半分を超えて持つ会社などをいい、細かな範囲は政令で定められています。
略称規定第三十六条第一項・この条及び第三十七条の中だけ
…第一号に定める者にあつては同号に規定する収益が生じた財産(その財産の異動により取得した財産及びこれらの財産に基因して取得した財産(以下この条及び次条において「取得財産」という。)を含む。)…
わかりやすく言うと
第二次納税義務の範囲となる財産(収益が生じた財産や貸付けに係る財産)が異動したことで取得した財産と、これらの財産に基づいて取得した財産のことです。
略称規定第三十九条第一項・この規定及び第百五十三条第一項第一号及び第百八十七条第一項及び第二項の中だけ
滞納者の国税につき滞納処分の執行(租税条約等(租税条約等の実施に伴う所得税法、法人税法及び地方税法の特例等に関する法律(昭和四十四年法律第四十六号)第二条第二号(定義)に規定する租税条約等をいう。)の規定に基づく当該租税条約等の相手国等(…
わかりやすく言うと
租税条約や、租税の徴収の共助などを定めるその他の国際約束(租税条約等)に基づき、日本以外の締約国又は締約者(相手国等)が、条約で共助の対象とされる日本の国税(共助対象国税)の徴収に協力することです。
略称規定第三十九条第一項・この規定及び第五十八条第一項及び第百四十二条第二項第二号の中だけ
滞納者の国税につき滞納処分の執行(租税条約等(租税条約等の実施に伴う所得税法、法人税法及び地方税法の特例等に関する法律(昭和四十四年法律第四十六号)第二条第二号(定義)に規定する租税条約等をいう。)の規定に基づく当該租税条約等の相手国等(…
わかりやすく言うと
滞納者の親族その他滞納者と特殊な関係のある個人や、同族会社(これに類する法人を含みます)のうち、政令で定めるもののことです。
略称規定第四十条第一項・この条の中だけ
偽りその他不正の行為により国税を免れ、又は国税の還付を受けた株式会社、合資会社又は合同会社がその国税(その附帯税を含む。以下この条において同じ。)を納付していない場合において、その株式会社…
わかりやすく言うと
国税を不正に免れ又は還付を受けた株式会社の役員や合資会社・合同会社の業務を執行する有限責任社員で、その不正の行為をした者のうち、その者を基準に判定すると会社が法人税法第六十七条第二項の会社(株主等の一人とその特殊関係者が株式等の半分超を持つ会社など)に当たる者です。
略称規定第五十二条第一項
差押の効力は、差し押えた財産(以下「差押財産」という。)から生ずる天然果実に及ぶ。ただし、滞納者又は第三者が差押財産の使用又は収益をすることができる場合には…
わかりやすく言うと
滞納処分で差し押さえた財産のことです。
略称規定第六十二条第一項・この規定及び第六十二条の二の中だけ
債権(電子記録債権法第二条第一項(定義)に規定する電子記録債権(次条において「電子記録債権」という。)を除く。以下この条において同じ。)の差押えは、第三債務者に対する債権差押通知書の送達により行う。
わかりやすく言うと
発生や譲渡に電子記録債権法による電子記録が必要とされる金銭債権のことです(電子記録債権法第二条第一項)。
定義第六十二条の二第一項・この条の中だけ
電子記録債権法第二条第二項(定義)に規定する電子債権記録機関
わかりやすく言うと
電子記録債権法第五十一条第一項により主務大臣の指定を受けた株式会社で、電子記録債権の電子記録を行う機関のことです。
略称規定第七十条第一項
登記される船舶(以下「船舶」という。)又は航空法(昭和二十七年法律第二百三十一号)の規定により登録を受けた飛行機若しくは回転翼航空機(以下「航空機」という。)の差押えについては…
わかりやすく言うと
航空法の規定により登録を受けた飛行機又は回転翼航空機のことです。その差押えは、不動産の差押えの手続に準じて行われます。
略称規定第七十条第一項
登記される船舶(以下「船舶」という。)又は航空法(昭和二十七年法律第二百三十一号)の規定により登録を受けた飛行機若しくは回転翼航空機(以下「航空機」という。)の差押えについては…
わかりやすく言うと
登記される船舶のことです。その差押えは、不動産の差押えの手続に準じて行われます。
略称規定第七十一条第一項
…建設機械抵当法(昭和二十九年法律第九十七号)の規定により登記を受けた建設機械(以下「建設機械」という。)又は小型船舶の登録等に関する法律(平成十三年法律第百二号)の規定により登録を受けた小型船舶(以下「小型船舶」という。)の差押えについ…
わかりやすく言うと
小型船舶の登録等に関する法律により登録を受けた小型船舶のことです。
略称規定第七十一条第一項
道路運送車両法(昭和二十六年法律第百八十五号)の規定により登録を受けた自動車(以下「自動車」という。)、建設機械抵当法(昭和二十九年法律第九十七号)の規定により登記を受けた建設機械(以下「建設機械」という。)又は小型船舶の登録等に関する法…
わかりやすく言うと
建設機械抵当法により登記を受けた建設機械のことです。
略称規定第七十一条第一項
道路運送車両法(昭和二十六年法律第百八十五号)の規定により登録を受けた自動車(以下「自動車」という。)、建設機械抵当法(昭和二十九年法律第九十七号)の規定により登記を受けた建設機械(以下「建設機械」という。)又は小型船舶の登録等に関する法…
わかりやすく言うと
道路運送車両法の規定により登録を受けた自動車のことです。その差押えは、不動産の差押えの手続に準じて行われます。
略称規定第七十二条第一項
前三款の規定の適用を受けない財産(以下「無体財産権等」という。)のうち特許権、著作権その他第三債務者等がない財産の差押えは、滞納者に対する差押書の送達により行う。
略称規定第七十三条第一項・この規定及び第七十三条の二の中だけ
無体財産権等のうち電話加入権、合名会社の社員の持分その他第三債務者等がある財産(社債、株式等の振替に関する法律(平成十三年法律第七十五号)第二条第一項(定義)に規定する社債等のうちその権利の帰属が振替口座簿の記載又は記録により定まるものと…
わかりやすく言うと
社債、株式、国債などの社債等のうち、権利が誰のものかが振替口座簿の記載や記録で決まるもののことです(社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二条第一項)。
略称規定第七十三条の二第一項・この条の中だけ
振替社債等の差押えは、振替社債等の発行者(以下この項及び次項において「発行者」という。)及び滞納者がその口座の開設を受けている社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二条第五項(定義)に規定する振替機関等(滞納者が次の各号に掲げる請求をし、当該各…
わかりやすく言うと
滞納者が口座を開いている振替機関または口座管理機関のことです。滞納者が株式などの買取請求をし、その買取口座に記録された振替社債等を差し押さえる場合は、発行者が買取口座を開いている振替機関等をいいます。
略称規定第七十三条の二第一項・この項及び第七十三条の二第二項の中だけ
振替社債等の差押えは、振替社債等の発行者(以下この項及び次項において「発行者」という。)及び滞納者がその口座の開設を受けている社債、株式等の振替に関する法律第二条第五項(定義)に規定する振替機関等(滞納者が次の各号に掲げる請求をし、当該各…
わかりやすく言うと
差し押さえる振替社債等(社債や株式などのうち、権利の帰属が振替口座簿の記載又は記録で決まるもの)を発行した者のことです。
略称規定第七十四条第一項・この条の中だけ
…信用金庫その他の法人で組合員、会員その他の持分を有する構成員が任意に(脱退につき予告その他一定の手続を要する場合には、これをした後任意に)脱退することができるもの(合名会社、合資会社及び合同会社を除く。以下この条において「組合等」という…
わかりやすく言うと
企業組合や信用金庫その他の法人で、組合員や会員など持分を持つ構成員が任意に(予告などの手続が必要な場合はそれをした後に)脱退できるもののことです。合名会社、合資会社及び合同会社は含みません。
略称規定第七十五条第一項第一号
滞納者及びその者と生計を一にする配偶者(届出をしていないが、事実上婚姻関係にある者を含む。)その他の親族(以下「生計を一にする親族」という。)の生活に欠くことができない衣服、寝具、家具、台所用具、畳及び建具
わかりやすく言うと
滞納者と生計を同じくする配偶者(届出をしていないが事実上婚姻関係にある者を含みます)その他の親族のことです。
略称規定第七十六条第一項
給料、賃金、俸給、歳費、退職年金及びこれらの性質を有する給与に係る債権(以下「給料等」という。)については、次に掲げる金額の合計額に達するまでの部分の金額は、差し押えることができない。
わかりやすく言うと
給料、賃金、俸給、歳費、退職年金や、これらと同じ性質を持つ給与を受け取る権利(債権)のことです。
略称規定第七十六条第四項
退職手当及びその性質を有する給与に係る債権(以下「退職手当等」という。)については、次に掲げる金額の合計額に達するまでの部分の金額は、差し押えることができない。
わかりやすく言うと
退職手当や、これと同じ性質を持つ給与を受け取る権利(債権)のことです。
略称規定第七十九条第二項第三号
差押財産について、三回公売に付しても入札又は競り売りに係る買受けの申込み(以下「入札等」という。)がなかつた場合において、その差押財産の形状、用途、法令による利用の規制その他の事情を考慮して、更に公売に付しても買受人がないと認められ、かつ…
わかりやすく言うと
公売にかけられた財産について、入札または競り売りで買い受けたいと申し込むことです。
略称規定第八十六条第二項
税務署長は、前項の交付要求(以下「参加差押え」という。)をしたときは、参加差押通知書により滞納者に通知しなければならない。この場合において、参加差押えをした財産が電話加入権であるときは、あわせて第三債務者にその旨を通知しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
差押えができる場合に、他の行政機関などが滞納処分ですでに差し押さえている滞納者の財産について、税務署長が交付要求書の代わりに参加差押書を渡して行う交付要求のことです。対象は動産、有価証券、不動産、船舶、航空機、自動車、建設機械、小型船舶と電話加入権です(第八十六条第一項)。
略称規定第八十九条第一項・この節の中だけ
差押財産(金銭、債権及び第五十七条(有価証券に係る債権の取立て)の規定により債権の取立てをする有価証券を除く。)又は次条第四項に規定する特定参加差押不動産(以下この節において「差押財産等」という。)は…
わかりやすく言うと
差し押さえた財産(金銭、債権と、第五十七条により債権を取り立てる有価証券を除きます)と特定参加差押不動産のことです。特定参加差押不動産とは、参加差押えをした税務署長が自ら換価すると決めた(換価執行決定をした)不動産です(第八十九条の二第四項)。
略称規定第八十九条の二第一項
参加差押えをした税務署長は、その参加差押えに係る不動産(以下「参加差押不動産」という。)が第八十七条第三項(参加差押えの効力)の規定による催告をしてもなお換価に付されないときは、同項の滞納処分をした行政機関等の同意を得て…
わかりやすく言うと
税務署長が参加差押えをしている不動産のことです。参加差押えとは、他の行政機関などが滞納処分ですでに差し押さえている財産について、参加差押書を渡して行う交付要求です(第八十六条)。
略称規定第八十九条の二第一項
…同項の滞納処分をした行政機関等の同意を得て、参加差押不動産につき換価の執行をする旨の決定(以下「換価執行決定」という。)をすることができる。
わかりやすく言うと
参加差押えをした税務署長が、他の行政機関などが差し押さえた不動産が催告しても換価されないときに、その行政機関などの同意を得て、自らその不動産を換価すると決めることです。競売が始まっている場合などはできません。
略称規定第八十九条の二第三項
換価執行決定は、第一項の参加差押えをした税務署長による換価の執行に係る同意をした行政機関等(以下「換価同意行政機関等」という。)に告知することによつてその効力を生ずる。
わかりやすく言うと
参加差押えをした税務署長が自分でその不動産を換価することに同意した、もとの差押えをしている行政機関などのことです。
略称規定第八十九条の二第四項・この規定及び第八十九条の三の中だけ
換価執行決定をした税務署長(次条において「換価執行税務署長」という。)は、速やかに、その旨を滞納者及び参加差押不動産(換価執行決定をしたものに限る。以下「特定参加差押不動産」という。)につき交付要求をした者に通知しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
換価執行決定、つまり参加差押えをした不動産を自ら換価すると決めた税務署長のことです。
略称規定第八十九条の二第四項
換価執行決定をした税務署長(次条において「換価執行税務署長」という。)は、速やかに、その旨を滞納者及び参加差押不動産(換価執行決定をしたものに限る。以下「特定参加差押不動産」という。)につき交付要求をした者に通知しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
他の行政機関等が滞納処分で差し押さえている不動産に税務署長が参加差押えをし、その行政機関等の同意を得て自ら換価を行う決定(換価執行決定)をしたものです。
略称規定第八十九条の三第一項第二号・この規定及び第八十九条の四の中だけ
換価同意行政機関等の滞納処分による差押え(政令で定めるものを除く。次条において「特定差押え」という。)が解除されたとき。
わかりやすく言うと
税務署長による換価の執行に同意した行政機関等(換価同意行政機関等)が滞納処分として行った差押えのことです。ただし、政令で定めるものは除かれます。
略称規定第八十九条の四第一項・この条の中だけ
…当該換価執行決定の取消しをした税務署長は、当該換価執行決定に基づき行つた換価手続を当該差押えによる換価手続とみなして、当該差押えに係る不動産(以下この条において「差押不動産」という。)につき換価を続行することができる。
わかりやすく言うと
換価に同意した行政機関などの差押え(特定差押え)が解除され、税務署長の参加差押えが差押えとしての効力を持つようになったときの、その差押えの対象となる不動産のことです。
略称規定第九十五条第一項
ただし、公売に付する財産(以下「公売財産」という。)が不相応の保存費を要し、又はその価額を著しく減少するおそれがあると認めるときは、この期間を短縮することができる。
わかりやすく言うと
税務署長が公売にかける、差し押さえた財産などのことです。
略称規定第九十九条の二第一項・この条及び第百六条の二及び第百八条第五項の中だけ
公売財産(不動産に限る。以下この条、第百六条の二(調査の嘱託)及び第百八条第五項(公売実施の適正化のための措置)において「公売不動産」という。)の入札等をしようとする者(その者が法人である場合には、その代表者)は、税務署長に対し…
わかりやすく言うと
税務署長が差し押さえた財産などをお金に換えるために公売にかける財産のうち、不動産であるもののことです。ここでいう不動産には、地上権など所有権以外の不動産を目的とする物権や、工場財団、鉱業権、鉄道財団なども含まれます(第九十四条、第六十八条第一項)。
定義第九十九条の二第一項第一号・この号の中だけ
暴力団員による不当な行為の防止等に関する法律(平成三年法律第七十七号)第二条第六号(定義)に規定する暴力団員
わかりやすく言うと
暴力団の構成員のことです。暴力団とは、その構成員が集団的に又は常習的に暴力的不法行為等を行うことを助長するおそれがある団体をいいます(暴力団員による不当な行為の防止等に関する法律第二条)。
略称規定第九十九条の二第一項第一号・この規定及び第九十九条の二第一項第二号、第百六条の二及び第百八条第五項の中だけ
公売不動産の入札等をしようとする者(その者が法人である場合には、その役員)が暴力団員(暴力団員による不当な行為の防止等に関する法律(平成三年法律第七十七号)第二条第六号(定義)に規定する暴力団員をいう。以下この号において同じ。)又は暴力団…
わかりやすく言うと
暴力団の構成員(暴力団員)と、暴力団員でなくなった日から五年を経過していない者とを合わせた呼び方です。
略称規定第百条第一項
公売財産の入札等をしようとする者(以下「入札者等」という。)は、税務署長が公売財産の見積価額の百分の十以上の額により定める公売保証金を次の各号に掲げるいずれかの方法により提供しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
公売にかけられた財産について、入札または競り売りで買い受けたいと申し込もうとする人のことです。
略称規定第百条第六項第一号
第百四条から第百五条まで(最高価申込者等の決定)の規定により最高価申込者及び次順位買受申込者(以下「最高価申込者等」という。)を定めた場合において、他の入札者等の提供した公売保証金があるとき。
わかりやすく言うと
公売で、見積価額以上の入札者などのうち最も高い価額の者として定められた最高価申込者と、それに次ぐ高い価額の入札者で次順位による買受けを申し込んで定められた次順位買受申込者とを合わせた呼び方です(第百四条から第百五条まで)。
略称規定第百四条の二第一項
徴収職員は、入札の方法により不動産、船舶、航空機、自動車、建設機械、小型船舶、債権又は電話加入権以外の無体財産権等(以下「不動産等」という。)の公売をした場合において…
わかりやすく言うと
不動産、船舶、航空機、自動車、建設機械、小型船舶と、債権と電話加入権を除く無体財産権等のことです。無体財産権等とは、特許権や著作権など、それまでの差押えの規定が当たらない財産をいいます(第七十二条第一項)。
略称規定第百四条の二第一項・この条の中だけ
徴収職員は、入札の方法により不動産、船舶、航空機、自動車、建設機械、小型船舶、債権又は電話加入権以外の無体財産権等(以下「不動産等」という。)の公売をした場合において、最高価申込者の入札価額(以下この条において「最高入札価額」という。)に…
わかりやすく言うと
入札の方法で不動産等を公売したときに、最高価申込者(見積価額以上の入札者のうち最も高い価額で入札した者)が入札した価額のことです。
略称規定第百五条第一項
…その財産の数量の範囲内において入札をしようとする者の希望する数量及び単価を入札させ、見積価額以上の単価の入札者のうち、入札価額の高い入札者から順次その財産の数量に達するまでの入札者を最高価申込者とする方法(以下「複数落札入札制」という。…
わかりやすく言うと
種類と価額が同じ財産を一度に大量に入札で公売するときに、希望する数量と単価を入札させ、見積価額以上の単価の入札者のうち入札価額の高い者から順に、財産の数量に達するまでの入札者を最高価申込者とする方法です。
略称規定第百六条第二項
前項の場合において、公売した財産が不動産等であるときは、税務署長は、最高価申込者等の氏名、その価額並びに売却決定をする日時及び場所を滞納者及び第九十六条第一項各号(公売の通知)に掲げる者(以下「利害関係人」という。)のうち知れている者に通…
わかりやすく言うと
公売財産について交付要求をした人、公売財産に質権、抵当権、先取特権、留置権、地上権、賃借権などの権利を持つ人、そして参加差押えをした税務署長による換価に同意した行政機関などのことです(第九十六条第一項)。
略称規定第百十一条第一項
税務署長は、動産、有価証券又は電話加入権を換価に付するときは、公売をする日(随意契約により売却する場合には、その売却する日。以下「公売期日等」という。)において…
わかりやすく言うと
差し押さえた財産を公売にかける日のことで、随意契約により売却する場合は、その売却をする日のことです。
略称規定第百十三条第一項
税務署長は、不動産等を換価に付するときは、公売期日等から起算して七日を経過した日(不動産を換価に付するときは、第百六条の二(調査の嘱託)(第百九条第四項(随意契約による売却)において準用する場合を含む。)の規定による調査に通常要する日数を…
わかりやすく言うと
不動産等を売るときに、税務署長が最高価申込者に売却決定をする日のことです。公売期日等から数えて七日を経過した日ですが、不動産の場合は、最高価申込者等が暴力団員等に当たるかについての警察への調査の嘱託に通常かかる日数を考えて、財務省令で定める日です(第百六条の二)。
略称規定第百十四条第一項
換価に付した財産(以下「換価財産」という。)について最高価申込者等の決定又は売却決定をした場合において、国税通則法第百五条第一項ただし書(不服申立てがあつた場合の処分の制限)その他の法律の規定に基づき滞納処分の続行の停止があつたときは…
わかりやすく言うと
滞納処分で、公売などにより売却してお金に換える手続(換価)にかけた財産のことです。
略称規定第百二十七条第一項・この条の中だけ
土地及びその上にある建物又は立木(以下この条において「建物等」という。)が滞納者の所有に属する場合において、その土地又は建物等の差押があり、その換価によりこれらの所有者を異にするに至つたときは、その建物等につき…
わかりやすく言うと
土地の上にある建物または立木のことです。
略称規定第百二十八条第一項第一号・この規定及び第百二十九条第一項第三号及び第百三十六条の中だけ
差押財産又は特定参加差押不動産(次条第一項第三号及び第百三十六条(滞納処分費の範囲)において「差押財産等」という。)の売却代金
わかりやすく言うと
差し押さえた財産と、特定参加差押不動産のことです。特定参加差押不動産とは、参加差押えをした税務署長が自ら換価すると決めた(換価執行決定をした)不動産です(第八十九条の二第四項)。
定義第百二十八条第二項・この項の中だけ
同条第一項に規定する差押財産等
わかりやすく言うと
差し押さえた財産(金銭、債権と、第五十七条により債権を取り立てる有価証券を除きます)と特定参加差押不動産のことです(第八十九条第一項)。特定参加差押不動産とは、参加差押えをした税務署長が自ら換価すると決めた不動産です。
略称規定第百二十九条第一項
前条第一項第一号又は第二号に掲げる金銭(以下「換価代金等」という。)は、次に掲げる国税その他の債権に配当する。
わかりやすく言うと
差し押さえた財産や特定参加差押不動産の売却代金と、有価証券、債権、無体財産権等の差押えにより第三債務者などから受け取ったお金のことです(第百二十八条第一項)。
略称規定第百五十一条の二第二項第一号・この規定及び第百五十一条の二第二項第二号の中だけ
国税通則法第四十六条第一項から第三項までの規定による納税の猶予(次号において「納税の猶予」という。)又は前項の規定による換価の猶予の申請中の国税
わかりやすく言うと
災害で財産に相当な損失を受けた場合や、病気、事業の廃止や休止などで国税を一時に納付できない場合などに、納税者の申請に基づき、税務署長等が納税を猶予することです(国税通則法第四十六条第一項から第三項まで)。
略称規定第百五十三条第一項第一号・この項の中だけ
滞納処分の執行及び租税条約等の相手国等に対する共助対象国税の徴収の共助の要請による徴収(以下この項において「滞納処分の執行等」という。)をすることができる財産がないとき。
略称規定第百五十八条第七項
税務署長は、第一項の規定による担保の提供又は第四項の規定による抵当権の設定(以下「担保の提供等」という。)があつた場合において、第一項の命令に係る国税の滞納がない期間が継続して三月に達したときは、その担保を解除しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
消費税等(消費税を除きます)を滞納した人に税務署長が命じた国税の担保の提供と、その担保が期限までに出されないときに税務署長の書面の通知によって設定したものとみなされる抵当権の設定のことです(第百五十八条)。酒税ではこの抵当権の通知はできません。
略称規定第百五十九条第一項・この条の中だけ
…税務署長は、当該国税の納付すべき額の確定前に、その確定をすると見込まれる国税の金額のうちその徴収を確保するためあらかじめ滞納処分を執行することを要すると認める金額(以下この条において「保全差押金額」という。)を決定することができる。
わかりやすく言うと
不正に国税を免れたり還付を受けたりした疑いで差押えや逮捕などを受けた人について、税額が確定してからでは徴収が確保できないと認められるとき、税務署長が確定前に決める金額です。見込まれる税額のうち前もって滞納処分をする必要があると認める額で、この額を限度に財産を直ちに差し押さえられます。
略称規定第百七十三条第一項第一号・この号の中だけ
その不服申立てに係る処分に続いて行われるべき処分(以下この号において「後行処分」という。)が既に行われている場合において、その不服申立てに係る処分の違法が軽微なものであり、その後行処分に影響を及ぼさせることが適当でないと認められるとき。
わかりやすく言うと
不服申立てがされた処分に続いて行われるべき処分のことです。
定款
会社を設立するときに発起人(持分会社では社員になろうとする者)が作成する、会社の根本規則です(会社法第二十六条・第五百七十五条)。目的・商号・本店の所在地・設立に際して出資される財産の価額又はその最低額・発起人の氏名又は名称及び住所は必ず記載します(第二十七条)。株式会社の定款は公証人の認証を受けなければ効力を生じず(第三十条第一項)、成立後は株主総会の決議で変更できます(第四百六十六条)。「定款に別段の定めがある場合を除き」とする規定が多く、会社法がその会社にどう適用されるかを定款が大きく左右します。
会社法第26条・第27条・第30条・第466条・第575条、Wikipedia「定款」を参考にAIが作成。
対抗
権利やそれに関する事実を、当事者以外の者に対して主張できることです。土地や建物の所有権などの物権を取得したり、失ったり、変更したりしたことは、登記をしなければ第三者に対抗することができず(民法第百七十七条)、登記をした不動産の賃貸借は、その不動産について物権を取得した者その他の第三者に対抗することができます(同法第六百五条)。借地借家法は、賃貸借そのものを登記しなくてもよいようにしています。建物の所有を目的とする借地権は、土地の上に借地人が登記された建物を持っていれば第三者に対抗することができ(借地借家法第十条第一項)、建物の賃貸借は、建物の引渡しを受けていれば、その後にその建物について物権を取得した者に対して効力を生じます(同法第三十一条)。知らなかった第三者だけが守られる定めもあり、詐欺による意思表示の取消しは、詐欺を知らず、知らなかったことに過失もない第三者に対抗することができません(民法第九十六条第三項)。
民法第96条・第177条・第605条、借地借家法第10条・第31条を参考にAIが作成。
解除
契約や法律の規定により当事者の一方が解除権を持つとき、相手方に対する意思表示によって契約を終わらせることです(民法第五百四十条第一項)。民法は、相手方が債務を履行しないときの解除を定めています。相当の期間を定めて履行を催告してもその期間内に履行がないときは解除でき(残った不履行が軽微なときを除きます。同法第五百四十一条)、履行の全部が不能であるとき、相手方が履行を拒む意思をはっきり示したときなど、履行を受ける見込みがないことが明らかなときは、催告をせずにすぐ解除できます(同法第五百四十二条第一項)。解除すると、各当事者は相手方を元の状態に戻す義務を負い、損害賠償の請求もできます(同法第五百四十五条第一項・第四項)。ただし、賃貸借の解除は将来に向かってのみ効力を生じます(同法第六百二十条)。取り消された行為が初めから無効であったものとみなされる取消し(同法第百二十一条)とは異なります。
民法第121条・第540条・第541条・第542条・第545条・第620条を参考にAIが作成。
罰金
金銭を国に納めさせる刑罰で、一万円以上です。減軽する場合は一万円未満に下げることができます(刑法第十五条)。拘禁刑より軽く、拘留や科料より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。完納できない人は、一日以上二年以下(罰金を併科した場合などは三年以下)の期間、労役場に留置され、その期間は刑の言渡しのときに定められます(同法第十八条第一項・第三項・第四項)。裁判が確定した後三十日以内は、本人の承諾がなければ留置の執行はできません(同条第五項)。刑の言渡しが確定した後、三年間執行を受けないと時効が完成し、執行の免除を得ます(同法第三十一条・第三十二条第五号)。ただし、法令により執行を猶予し又は停止した期間や、本人が国外にいる期間は時効が進行せず、執行行為をすると時効は中断します(同法第三十三条・第三十四条第二項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第15条・第18条・第31条〜第34条を参考にAIが作成。
税関長
財務省の地方支分部局として置かれる税関の長です(財務省設置法第十二条第一項)。税関は、関税を徴収し、輸出入される貨物を取り締まるほか(同法第十六条第一項、第四条第一項第二十五号・第二十六号)、法令で任された内国税(消費税など、関税以外の国の税)を課して徴収します(同法第十六条第一項第四号)。消費税では、保税地域(輸入された貨物が通関前に置かれる場所)から課税貨物を引き取ろうとする人は、ほかの法律や条約で免除される場合を除き、税務署長ではなく税関長に申告書を出します(消費税法第四十七条第一項・第二項)。税額を税関の側で決める方式(賦課課税方式)の貨物では、税関長が引取りのときに消費税を徴収します(同法第五十条第二項)。
財務省設置法第4条・第12条・第16条、消費税法第47条・第50条を参考にAIが作成。
損害賠償
他人に生じさせた損害を償うことです。債務者が債務の本旨に従った履行をしないときや履行ができないときは、債権者はこれによって生じた損害の賠償を請求でき(民法第四百十五条第一項。契約その他の債務の発生原因や取引上の社会通念に照らして債務者の責めに帰することができない事由によるときを除きます)、故意又は過失によって他人の権利や法律上保護される利益を侵害した者は、これによって生じた損害を賠償する責任を負います(同法第七百九条)。損害賠償は、特に取り決めがなければ金銭で支払い(同法第四百十七条・第七百二十二条第一項)、契約の当事者は債務不履行のときの賠償額をあらかじめ定めることができ、違約金は賠償額の予定と推定されます(同法第四百二十条第一項・第三項)。消費者契約法は、契約の解除に伴う損害賠償の額の予定や違約金のうち、これらを合わせた額が、条項で定めた解除の事由や時期などの区分ごとに、同種の消費者契約の解除に伴いその事業者に生ずべき平均的な損害の額を超える部分を無効としています(消費者契約法第九条第一項第一号)。
民法第415条・第417条・第420条・第709条・第722条、消費者契約法第9条を参考にAIが作成。
税務署長
国税庁の地方支分部局である国税局の事務の一部を分掌するため各地に置かれる税務署の長です(財務省設置法第二十四条)。納税者が通常相対する機関で、所得税の確定申告書は税務署長に提出し(所得税法第百二十条第一項)、更正・決定や国税の徴収は現在の納税地を所轄する税務署長が行います(国税通則法第三十条・第四十三条)。税務署長の処分に不服がある者は、その税務署長に対する再調査の請求か、国税不服審判所長に対する審査請求のいずれかを選べます(同法第七十五条第一項第一号)。ただし、調査が国税局又は国税庁の職員によってされた旨の記載がある書面で通知された処分は、国税局長又は国税庁長官がしたものとみなされ、国税庁長官がしたものとみなされた処分については国税庁長官に対する審査請求のみとなります(同条第二項)。
財務省設置法第24条、国税通則法第30条・第43条・第75条、所得税法第120条を参考にAIが作成。
拘禁刑
刑事施設に拘置する刑です。無期と有期があり、有期は一月以上二十年以下です(刑法第十二条第一項・第二項)。刑を加重するときは三十年まで上げ、減軽するときは一月未満に下げることができます(同法第十四条第二項)。改善更生を図るため、必要な作業を行わせ、又は必要な指導を行うことができます(同法第十二条第三項)。主刑の中では死刑の次に重く、罰金より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。刑法等の一部を改正する法律(令和四年法律第六十七号)の施行により、懲役と禁錮に代わって設けられました(同法第二条)。懲役又は禁錮に処せられた人は、人の資格に関する法令の適用については、刑期を同じくする拘禁刑に処せられた人とみなされます(令和四年法律第六十八号第四百四十三条第一項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第12条・第14条、令和4年法律第67号第2条、令和4年法律第68号第443条を参考にAIが作成。
賃貸借
当事者の一方(賃貸人)がある物を相手方に使用・収益させることを約束し、相手方(賃借人)がその賃料を支払い、契約が終わったときに物を返すことを約束する契約です(民法第六百一条)。借りている物の全部が滅失するなどして使えなくなったときは終了し(同法第六百十六条の二)、解除したときは、その解除は将来に向かってのみ効力を生じます(同法第六百二十条)。建物の所有を目的とする土地の賃貸借と建物の賃貸借については、借地借家法が存続期間、更新、効力などの特別の定めを置いています(借地借家法第一条)。
民法第601条・第616条の2・第620条、借地借家法第1条を参考にAIが作成。
公正証書
当事者の嘱託により、法務大臣が任命する公証人が作成する文書です(公証人法第一条・第十一条)。法令に違反する事項や無効な行為について、公証人は公正証書を作成できません(同法第二十六条)。借地借家法では、更新のない借地・借家を定められるかどうかを左右します。専ら事業の用に供する建物のための存続期間十年以上五十年未満の借地権を設定する契約は公正証書でしなければならず(第二十三条第三項)、存続期間五十年以上の更新のない借地権の特約と、更新のない建物の賃貸借(定期建物賃貸借)は「公正証書による等書面」ですればよいので(第二十二条第一項・第三十八条第一項)、この二つは公正証書でない書面の契約でも足ります。
公証人法第1条・第11条・第26条、借地借家法第22条・第23条・第38条、Wikipedia「公正証書」を参考にAIが作成。
供託所
法令の定めにより供託する金銭や有価証券を保管する役所で、法務局、地方法務局、それらの支局、または法務大臣が指定するそれらの出張所がこれに当たります(供託法第一条)。事務は、法務局や地方法務局の長が供託官として指定した職員が取り扱います(供託法第一条の二)。宅地建物取引業法では、宅地建物取引業者は、営業保証金を主たる事務所の最寄りの供託所に供託しなければなりません(宅地建物取引業法第二十五条第一項)。業者と宅地建物取引業に関して取引をした人(ほかの業者を除きます)は、その取引で生じた債権について、この営業保証金から支払を受ける権利があります(宅地建物取引業法第二十七条第一項)。業者は、契約が成立するまでに、相手方にその供託所と所在地を説明しなければなりません。業者が宅地建物取引業保証協会の社員であるときは、協会の名称や所在地と、協会が供託した供託所とその所在地を説明します(宅地建物取引業法第三十五条の二)。
供託法第1条・第1条の2、宅地建物取引業法第25条・第27条・第35条の2・第64条の7を参考にAIが作成。
国税局長
国税庁の地方支分部局として置かれる国税局の長です(財務省設置法第二十三条)。税務署は国税局の所掌事務の一部を分掌します(同法第二十四条)。国税局長は税務署長から徴収の引継ぎを受けることができ(国税通則法第四十三条第三項)、国税局長の処分に不服がある者は、その国税局長に対する再調査の請求か、国税不服審判所長に対する審査請求のいずれかを選べます(同法第七十五条第一項第一号)。
財務省設置法第23条・第24条、国税通則法第43条・第75条を参考にAIが作成。
登記
法務局や地方法務局、その支局・出張所である登記所が備える公の帳簿に記録して、権利や事項を公示することです(不動産登記法第一条・第六条第一項)。土地や建物の所有権、地上権、先取特権、抵当権、賃借権などは不動産登記法に基づいて登記することができ(同法第三条)、商法や会社法などの規定で登記すべき事項は商業登記法に基づいて登記されます(商業登記法第一条)。登記をすると、権利などを第三者に対抗(主張)できるようになります。土地や建物の所有権などの物権を取得したり、失ったり、変更したりしたことは、登記をしなければ第三者に対抗することができず(民法第百七十七条)、会社法の規定で登記すべき事項は、登記の後でなければ、そのことを知らない第三者に対抗することができず、登記の後でも、正当な事由によって登記があることを知らなかった第三者には対抗することができません(会社法第九百八条第一項)。
不動産登記法第1条・第3条・第6条、商業登記法第1条、民法第177条、会社法第908条を参考にAIが作成。
審査請求
行政庁の処分に不服がある者や、法令に基づいて処分の申請をしたのに相当の期間が経過しても行政庁が何の処分もしない(不作為)ときにその申請をした者が、行政庁に対して不服を申し立て、見直しを求めることです(行政不服審査法第二条・第三条)。法律(条例に基づく処分については、条例)に特別の定めがある場合を除き、処分をした行政庁(処分庁)や不作為に係る行政庁に上級行政庁がないとき、又はその行政庁が主任の大臣や一定の庁の長などであるときはその行政庁に、主任の大臣や一定の庁の長などが上級行政庁であるときはその大臣や長に、それ以外のときは最上級行政庁に対してします(同法第四条)。ほかの法律が、審査請求をする先の機関や手続について別の定めを置くこともあります(同法第一条第二項・第四条)。たとえば厚生年金保険法は、厚生労働大臣による被保険者の資格、標準報酬又は保険給付に関する処分(厚生年金保険原簿の訂正の請求についての決定を除きます)についての審査請求を社会保険審査官に対してするものとし、行政不服審査法の規定の多くを適用しないとしています(厚生年金保険法第九十条第一項・第九十一条の二)。行政不服審査法では、処分についての審査請求は、処分があったことを知った日の翌日から三か月(先に再調査の請求をしたときは、その決定があったことを知った日の翌日から一か月)を過ぎるとすることができず、処分(再調査の請求をしたときはその決定)があった日の翌日から一年を過ぎてもすることができません。ただし、正当な理由があるときは別です(行政不服審査法第十八条第一項・第二項)。審査請求をしても、それだけでは処分の効力や執行、手続の続行は止まりません(同法第二十五条第一項)。ただし、審査庁は、審査請求人の申立てにより(処分庁又はその上級行政庁である審査庁は職権でも)その全部又は一部を停止すること(執行停止)ができ、審査請求人の申立てがあった場合で、重大な損害を避けるために緊急の必要があるときは、公共の福祉に重大な影響を及ぼすおそれがあるときや本案に理由がないとみえるときを除き、執行停止をしなければなりません(同条第二項から第四項まで)。審査請求を受けた行政庁(審査庁)は、裁決で判断します。期間を過ぎたものなど不適法な審査請求は却下し、理由のないものは棄却し、理由のあるものは処分の全部若しくは一部を取り消し、又は変更します。ただし、審査請求人の不利益に変更することはできず、処分庁でも処分庁の上級行政庁でもない審査庁は処分を変更することができません(同法第四十五条第一項・第二項、第四十六条第一項、第四十八条)。事実上の行為についての審査請求に理由があるときは、裁決でその行為が違法又は不当であることを宣言し、その全部若しくは一部を撤廃し、若しくは変更するよう命じ、又は自ら撤廃し、若しくは変更します(同法第四十七条)。不作為についての審査請求に理由があるときは、審査庁は、裁決でその不作為が違法又は不当であることを宣言し、一定の処分をすべきと認めるときは、その処分をするよう命じ、又は自らその処分をします(同法第四十九条第三項)。処分が違法又は不当でも、取り消し、又は撤廃すると公の利益に著しい障害が生じるときは、そのことを裁決で宣言した上で審査請求を棄却することができます(同法第四十五条第三項)。裁決は、審査請求人に送達された時(処分の相手方以外の者がした審査請求について、処分を取り消し、若しくは変更し、又は事実上の行為について判断する裁決をするときは、審査請求人と処分の相手方の両方に送達された時)に効力を生じ、関係行政庁を拘束します(同法第五十一条第一項・第五十二条第一項)。
行政不服審査法第1条〜第4条・第18条・第25条・第45条〜第49条・第51条・第52条、厚生年金保険法第90条・第91条の2を参考にAIが作成。
賃借権
賃貸借に基づいて賃借人が持つ権利で、賃料を支払って物を使用し、そこから収益を得ることができます(民法第六百一条)。賃借人は、賃貸人の承諾を得なければ、賃借権を譲り渡したり、借りている物を転貸したりすることができません(同法第六百十二条第一項)。登記をした不動産の賃貸借は、その不動産を買った人など物権を取得した者その他の第三者に対抗(主張)することができ(同法第六百五条)、賃借権は登記することができます(不動産登記法第三条第八号)。借地借家法は、賃貸借を登記していない借り手も守っています。建物の所有を目的とする借地権は、土地の上に借地人が登記された建物を持っていれば第三者に対抗することができ(借地借家法第十条第一項)、建物の賃貸借は、建物の引渡しを受けていれば、その後にその建物について物権を取得した者に対して効力を生じます(同法第三十一条)。
民法第601条・第605条・第612条、不動産登記法第3条、借地借家法第10条・第31条を参考にAIが作成。
特別区
都の区のことです(地方自治法第二百八十一条第一項)。今ある特別区は、東京都の二十三区だけです。特別区は、市町村と同じく住民に身近な地方公共団体(基礎的な地方公共団体)で、都が特別区のある区域全体でまとめて行う仕事を除き、ふつうは市町村が行う仕事を行います(同法第二百八十一条の二第二項)。市の仕事について定めた法令の規定は、その仕事を特別区が行う場合には特別区にも当てはまります(同法第二百八十一条第二項・第二百八十三条第二項)。そのまま当てはめにくいときは、政令で特別の定めを置くことができます(同法第二百八十三条第三項)。
地方自治法第281条・第281条の2・第283条、Wikipedia「特別区」を参考にAIが作成。
先取特権
法律の定めにより、特定の債権を持つ者が、債務者の財産から他の債権者に先立って弁済を受けることができる権利です(民法第三百三条)。雇用関係から生じた債権のように債務者の総財産について生じるもの(同法第三百六条第二号)と、土地や建物の賃料など賃貸借から生じた債権について、土地であればその土地や利用のための建物に備え付けられた動産、その土地の利用に供された動産と賃借人が占有するその土地の果実、建物であれば賃借人がその建物に備え付けた動産の上に生じるもののように、特定の財産について生じるもの(同法第三百十一条から第三百十三条まで)があります。借地借家法は、地主(借地権設定者)に、支払期限が来た最後の二年分の地代などについて、借地人がその土地に持つ建物の上に先取特権を与えており(借地借家法第十二条第一項)、この先取特権は、地上権や土地の賃貸借の登記をすることで効力が保たれます(同条第二項)。
民法第303条・第306条・第311条・第312条・第313条、借地借家法第12条を参考にAIが作成。