Article 60Settlement of Accounts
A blue-return filer (in the case where the provisions of Article 125, paragraphs (1) through (3) (Filing a Tax Return If the Taxpayer Has Died Partway Through the Year) of the Act apply, a person who is to file a return under paragraph (1) of that Article or a person who may file a return under paragraph (2) or (3) of that Article) must, on December 31 of each year (in the case where that Article or Article 127 (Filing a Tax Return If the Taxpayer Will Become Absent From Japan Partway Through the Year) of the Act applies, the date of the blue-return filer's death or the time of the start of the blue-return filer's Absence From Japan; the same applies in the following Article), take stock of Inventory and otherwise organize the matters necessary for the settlement of accounts, and clearly record the results.
A person who has newly become a blue-return filer in that year must, on January 1 of that year (in the case where the person has newly commenced, partway through the year, operations that are to give rise to real property income, business income or timber income, the date on which the person commenced those operations), take stock of Inventory (including Securities that give rise to business income and cryptoassets prescribed in Article 48-2, paragraph (1) (Calculation of Costs of Cryptoassets Transferred and Valuation Methods) of the Act; the same applies hereinafter in this Article) and organize the necessary matters concerning the various account titles, and clearly record the results.
その年において新たに青色申告者となつた者は、その年一月一日(年の中途において新たに不動産所得、事業所得又は山林所得を生ずべき業務を開始した場合には、当該業務を開始した日)において、棚卸資産(事業所得の基因となる有価証券及び法第四十八条の二第一項(暗号資産の譲渡原価等の計算及びその評価の方法)に規定する暗号資産を含む。以下この条において同じ。)の棚卸し及び諸勘定科目についての必要な整理を行い、その事績を明瞭に記録しなければならない。
When taking stock as prescribed in the preceding two paragraphs, a blue-return filer must prepare an inventory list and enter the quantity, unit price and amount for each different type, quality, model, etc. of Inventory. In this case, the unit price to be assigned to Inventory is to be entered as the value calculated by the method, from among the following, that the blue-return filer has selected: the valuation method prescribed in Article 99, paragraph (1) (Valuation Methods for Inventory) of the Order or the valuation method approved by the district director pursuant to Article 99-2 (Special Valuation Methods for Inventory) of the Order, the valuation method prescribed in Article 105, paragraph (1) (Valuation Methods for Securities) of the Order, or the valuation method prescribed in Article 119-2, paragraph (1) (Valuation Methods for Cryptoassets) of the Order (in the case where the approval of the district director has been obtained for a change of valuation method pursuant to Article 101 (Procedures for Changing the Valuation Method for Inventory), Article 107 (Procedures for Changing the Valuation Method for Securities) or Article 119-4 (Procedures for Changing the Valuation Method for Cryptoassets) of the Order, the method for which that approval was obtained, and for a blue-return filer to whom Article 102, paragraph (1) (Statutory Valuation Method for Inventory), Article 108, paragraph (1) (Statutory Valuation Method for Securities) or Article 119-5, paragraph (1) (Statutory Valuation Method for Cryptoassets) of the Order applies, the method determined under those provisions as the one that person is to use).
前二項に規定する棚卸しを行う場合には、棚卸表を作成し、棚卸資産の種類、品質、型等の異なるごとに、数量、単価及び金額を記載しなければならない。この場合において、棚卸資産に付すべき単価は、令第九十九条第一項(棚卸資産の評価の方法)に規定する評価の方法若しくは令第九十九条の二(棚卸資産の特別な評価の方法)の規定により税務署長の承認を受けた評価の方法、令第百五条第一項(有価証券の評価の方法)に規定する評価の方法又は令第百十九条の二第一項(暗号資産の評価の方法)に規定する評価の方法のうちその青色申告者が選定した方法(令第百一条(棚卸資産の評価の方法の変更手続)、第百七条(有価証券の評価の方法の変更手続)又は第百十九条の四(暗号資産の評価の方法の変更手続)の規定により評価の方法の変更につき税務署長の承認を受けた場合には、その承認を受けた方法とし、令第百二条第一項(棚卸資産の法定評価方法)、第百八条第一項(有価証券の法定評価方法)又は第百十九条の五第一項(暗号資産の法定評価方法)の規定の適用を受ける青色申告者については、これらの規定によりその者が用いるべきものとして定められた方法とする。)により計算した価額を記載するものとする。
Article 61Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Statement
A blue-return filer prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article must, on December 31 of each year, prepare a balance sheet and a profit and loss statement in accordance with the account titles specified by the Minister of Finance.
When the Minister of Finance has made the specification referred to in the preceding paragraph, the Minister issues public notice of it.
財務大臣は、前項の定めをしたときは、これを告示する。
Article 62Recording of Periods of Labor Services by Relatives, etc.
If the district director finds it necessary, the district director may order a blue-return filer who pays a salary to a relative who shares a livelihood with that blue-return filer to keep books and to enter in them the period during which the relative engaged in labor services, the nature of the labor services and other matters that make clear the record of those labor services.
税務署長が必要があると認める場合には、青色申告者でその者と生計を一にする親族に給与の支払をする者に対し、帳簿を備え、その親族の労務に従事した期間、労務の性質その他その労務の事績を明らかにする事項の記載を命ずることができる。
Article 63Organization and Retention of Books and Documents
A blue-return filer prescribed in Article 60, paragraph (1) (Settlement of Accounts) must organize the following books and documents and keep them for seven years from the first day for the calculation (five years for those documents set forth in item (iii) other than documents that fall under cash and deposit transaction-related documents), at the location of the person's place of domicile or place of residence, or of the office, place of business or other similar place pertaining to the business the person carries on:
the books prescribed in Article 58 (Books and Entries Related to Transactions) and other books prepared in relation to all transactions that affect the assets, liabilities and capital of that blue-return filer;
inventory lists, balance sheets and profit and loss statements, and other documents prepared in relation to calculation, organization or the settlement of accounts;
棚卸表、貸借対照表及び損益計算書並びに計算、整理又は決算に関して作成されたその他の書類
order forms, contracts, invoices, receipts, estimates and other similar documents received from counterparties in relation to transactions and, for those documents prepared by the filer of which copies exist, the copies.
取引に関して相手方から受け取つた注文書、契約書、送り状、領収書、見積書その他これらに準ずる書類及び自己の作成したこれらの書類でその写しのあるものはその写し
A blue-return filer under the preceding paragraph whose total amount of the amount of real property income and the amount of business income for the year before last, as of March 15 of that year (meaning the total amount prescribed in Article 195, item (i) of the Order (Requirements for a Small Enterprise) and, in the case where Article 125, paragraphs (1) through (3) (Filing a Tax Return If the Taxpayer Has Died Partway Through the Year) of the Act apply, that total amount pertaining to the Resident prescribed in those provisions), is the amount prescribed in that item or less is not required, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, to keep the documents set forth in item (iii) of that paragraph that were prepared or received in that year for more than five years from the first day for the calculation.
前項の青色申告者で、その年三月十五日における前々年分の不動産所得の金額及び事業所得の金額の合計額(令第百九十五条第一号(小規模事業者の要件)に規定する合計額をいい、法第百二十五条第一項から第三項まで(年の中途で死亡した場合の確定申告)の規定の適用がある場合には、これらの規定に規定する居住者に係る当該合計額とする。)が同号に規定する金額以下であるものは、前項の規定にかかわらず、その年において作成し、又は受領した同項第三号に掲げる書類については、起算日から五年間を超えて保存することを要しない。
The cash and deposit transaction-related documents prescribed in paragraph (1) means, among the documents set forth in item (iii) of that paragraph, those prepared at the time of receiving or paying out cash or of depositing or withdrawing Deposits and Savings, and, in the case where daily total amounts have been entered collectively in books in place of individually entering the matters concerning transactions prescribed in Article 58, paragraph (1), documents for confirming the matters concerning the transactions pertaining to that collective entry.
The first day for the calculation prescribed in paragraphs (1) and (2) means, for books, the day following March 15 of the year following the year that includes the date of their closing, and for documents, the day following March 15 of the year following the year that includes the date of their preparation or receipt.
Among the books and documents set forth in the items of paragraph (1), for the retention under that paragraph of those set forth in the left-hand column of each item of the following table during the period set forth in the middle column of that item, the method set forth in the right-hand column of that item may be used.
| (i) Among the documents set forth in paragraph (1), item (iii), those specified by the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency | The period from the day on which three years have elapsed from the first day for the calculation prescribed in the preceding paragraph through the day on which five years elapse from that first day for the calculation | The method specified by the Minister of Finance |
| (ii) The books and documents set forth in the items of paragraph (1) | The period on or after the day on which five years have elapsed from the first day for the calculation prescribed in the preceding paragraph | The method specified by the Minister of Finance |
When the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency has specified documents pursuant to the provisions of item (i) of the table in the preceding paragraph, the Commissioner is to give public notice of the same.
国税庁長官は、前項の表の第一号の規定により書類を定めたときは、これを告示する。
When the Minister of Finance has specified methods pursuant to the provisions of the items of the table in paragraph (5), the Minister is to give public notice of the same.
財務大臣は、第五項の表の各号の規定により方法を定めたときは、これを告示する。
Article 64Omission or Modification of Matters, etc. to Be Stated in Books and Documents
Where, owing to the type of industry, form of business, scale or other circumstances, it is difficult for a blue-return filer to comply with the provisions of Articles 58 to 62 (Books and Documents, etc. of Blue-Return Filers), the blue-return filer may, with the approval of the competent district director with jurisdiction over the place for tax payment, omit or modify part of the matters to be stated as prescribed in those provisions.
青色申告者は、その業種、業態、規模等により、第五十八条から第六十二条まで(青色申告者の帳簿書類等)の規定により難いときは、納税地の所轄税務署長の承認を受け、これらの規定に規定する記載事項の一部を省略し又は変更することができる。
Article 65Documents to Be Attached to a Blue Return
The documents to be attached to a Blue Return pursuant to the provisions of Article 149 (Documents to Be Attached to a Blue Return) of the Act are to be those listed in the following items (where those listed in the items are prepared as electronic or magnetic records (meaning records made in an electronic form, a magnetic form or any other form that cannot be perceived by the human senses, which are used in information processing by a computer; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph), or where, in lieu of preparing those listed in the items, an electronic or magnetic record recording the information to be stated in those listed in the items has been prepared, the documents stating the content of the information recorded in those electronic or magnetic records).
法第百四十九条(青色申告書に添付すべき書類)の規定により青色申告書に添付すべき書類は、次の各号に掲げるもの(当該各号に掲げるものが電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他の人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。以下この項において同じ。)で作成され、又は当該各号に掲げるものの作成に代えて当該各号に掲げるものに記載すべき情報を記録した電磁的記録の作成がされている場合には、これらの電磁的記録に記録された情報の内容を記載した書類)とする。
the balance sheet and profit and loss statement;
貸借対照表及び損益計算書
a detailed statement of the calculation of the amount of real property income, the amount of business income or the amount of timber income (where there is an amount of Fluctuating Income or Ad Hoc Income within the amount of business income, a detailed statement that divides it into that amount of Fluctuating Income or Ad Hoc Income and the amount of other business income, and where there is an amount of Ad Hoc Income within the amount of real property income, a detailed statement that divides it into that amount of Ad Hoc Income and the amount of other real property income);
不動産所得の金額、事業所得の金額又は山林所得の金額の計算に関する明細書(事業所得の金額のうちに変動所得の金額又は臨時所得の金額がある場合には、当該変動所得の金額又は臨時所得の金額とその他の事業所得の金額とに区分し、不動産所得の金額のうちに臨時所得の金額がある場合には、当該臨時所得の金額とその他の不動産所得の金額とに区分した明細書)
a detailed statement of the calculation of the amount of Net Loss;
純損失の金額の計算に関する明細書
A blue-return filer to whom the provisions of the proviso to Article 56, paragraph (1) (Books and Documents to Be Kept by Blue-Return Filers) apply is not required to attach a balance sheet to a Blue Return, notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 66Notification When Intending to Discontinue Filing Blue Returns
The matters specified by Ministry of Finance Order as prescribed in Article 151, paragraph (1) (Ending Blue Return Filings) of the Act are the following:
法第百五十一条第一項(青色申告の取りやめ等)に規定する財務省令で定める事項は、次に掲げる事項とする。
the name and domicile (where the person has no domicile in Japan, the residence) of the person who submits the written notification under Article 151, paragraph (1) of the Act, and, where the place of domicile (where the person has no domicile in Japan, the place of residence) differs from the place for tax payment, that place for tax payment;
法第百五十一条第一項の規定による届出書を提出する者の氏名及び住所(国内に住所がない場合には、居所)並びに住所地(国内に住所がない場合には、居所地)と納税地とが異なる場合には、その納税地
any other matters for reference.
その他参考となるべき事項
定義第五十六条第一項・この節の中だけ
法第百四十三条(青色申告)の承認を受けている居住者
わかりやすく言うと
不動産所得、事業所得又は山林所得を生ずべき業務を行う居住者で、確定申告書などを青色の申告書で出すことについて税務署長の承認を受けている人のことです(所得税法第百四十三条)。
略称規定第五十七条第一項・この節の中だけ
青色申告者は、青色申告書を提出することができる年分の不動産所得の金額、事業所得の金額及び山林所得の金額が正確に計算できるように次の各号に掲げる資産、負債及び資本に影響を及ぼす一切の取引(以下この節において「取引」という。)を正規の簿記の原…
わかりやすく言うと
青色申告者の不動産所得、事業所得又は山林所得に関する資産、負債及び資本に影響を及ぼす一切の取引のことです。
定義第六十五条第一項・この項の中だけ
電子的方式、磁気的方式その他の人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるもの
わかりやすく言うと
電子的方式、磁気的方式など人の知覚では認識できない方式で作られる記録で、電子計算機による情報処理に使われるもののことです。
税務署長
国税庁の地方支分部局である国税局の事務の一部を分掌するため各地に置かれる税務署の長です(財務省設置法第二十四条)。納税者が通常相対する機関で、所得税の確定申告書は税務署長に提出し(所得税法第百二十条第一項)、更正・決定や国税の徴収は現在の納税地を所轄する税務署長が行います(国税通則法第三十条・第四十三条)。税務署長の処分に不服がある者は、その税務署長に対する再調査の請求か、国税不服審判所長に対する審査請求のいずれかを選べます(同法第七十五条第一項第一号)。ただし、調査が国税局又は国税庁の職員によってされた旨の記載がある書面で通知された処分は、国税局長又は国税庁長官がしたものとみなされ、国税庁長官がしたものとみなされた処分については国税庁長官に対する審査請求のみとなります(同条第二項)。
財務省設置法第24条、国税通則法第30条・第43条・第75条、所得税法第120条を参考にAIが作成。
国税庁長官
財務省に置かれる国税庁の長です(財務省設置法第十八条)。国税庁は内国税の適正かつ公平な賦課及び徴収の実現などを任務とします(同法第十九条)。国税不服審判所長は、国税庁長官が発した通達に示されている法令の解釈と異なる解釈により裁決をするときは、あらかじめその意見を国税庁長官に通知しなければなりません(国税通則法第九十九条第一項)。国税庁長官がした処分に対する不服申立ては、国税庁長官に対する審査請求です(同法第七十五条第一項第二号)。
財務省設置法第18条・第19条、国税通則法第75条・第99条を参考にAIが作成。