児童扶養手当法
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第一章 総則
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1Purpose of This Act
The purpose of this Act is to pay Child Rearing Allowance for children who do not share a livelihood with their father or mother, in order to contribute to the stability of life and the promotion of self-reliance of the households in which those children are raised, and thereby to promote the welfare of children.
この法律は、父又は母と生計を同じくしていない児童が育成される家庭の生活の安定と自立の促進に寄与するため、当該児童について児童扶養手当を支給し、もつて児童の福祉の増進を図ることを目的とする。
Article 2Purpose of Child Rearing Allowance
Child Rearing Allowance is paid for the purpose of contributing to the sound mental and physical growth of children, and a person who receives it must use it in accordance with that purpose.
児童扶養手当は、児童の心身の健やかな成長に寄与することを趣旨として支給されるものであつて、その支給を受けた者は、これをその趣旨に従つて用いなければならない。
A father or mother who receives payment of Child Rearing Allowance must voluntarily strive for self-reliance and endeavor to stabilize and improve the life of the household.
児童扶養手当の支給を受けた父又は母は、自ら進んでその自立を図り、家庭の生活の安定と向上に努めなければならない。
Article 3Definitions
In this Act, "child" means a person who is in the period up to the first March 31 on or after the day on which the person reaches the age of 18, or a person under 20 years of age who is in a state of disability of a degree of severity specified by Cabinet Order.
この法律において「児童」とは、十八歳に達する日以後の最初の三月三十一日までの間にある者又は二十歳未満で政令で定める程度の障害の状態にある者をいう。
In this Act, "public pension benefit" means the benefits set out in the following items.
この法律において「公的年金給付」とは、次の各号に掲げる給付をいう。
Benefits in the form of a pension under the National Pension Act (Act No. 141 of 1959);
国民年金法(昭和三十四年法律第百四十一号)に基づく年金たる給付
Benefits in the form of a pension under the Employees' Pension Insurance Act (Act No. 115 of 1954) (including benefits in the form of a pension paid by the mutual aid association prescribed in Article 28 of the Supplementary Provisions of that Act);
厚生年金保険法(昭和二十九年法律第百十五号)に基づく年金たる給付(同法附則第二十八条に規定する共済組合が支給する年金たる給付を含む。)
Benefits in the form of a pension under the Mariners Insurance Act (Act No. 73 of 1939) (limited to benefits in the form of a pension for which the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to Article 39 of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act Partially Amending the Employment Insurance Act, etc. (Act No. 30 of 2007));
船員保険法(昭和十四年法律第七十三号)に基づく年金たる給付(雇用保険法等の一部を改正する法律(平成十九年法律第三十号)附則第三十九条の規定によりなお従前の例によるものとされた年金たる給付に限る。)
Benefits in the form of a pension under the Public Officers Pension Act (Act No. 48 of 1923) (including where it applies mutatis mutandis under other Acts);
恩給法(大正十二年法律第四十八号。他の法律において準用する場合を含む。)に基づく年金たる給付
Benefits in the form of a pension under a Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance concerning retirement pensions of local public officers;
地方公務員の退職年金に関する条例に基づく年金たる給付
Benefits in the form of a pension paid by the Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations pursuant to the Act on Special Measures concerning Beneficiaries of Pension of Mutual Aid Association Established under Former Ordinances (Act No. 256 of 1950);
旧令による共済組合等からの年金受給者のための特別措置法(昭和二十五年法律第二百五十六号)に基づいて国家公務員共済組合連合会が支給する年金たる給付
Benefits in the form of a pension under the Act on Relief of War Victims and Survivors (Act No. 127 of 1952);
戦傷病者戦没者遺族等援護法(昭和二十七年法律第百二十七号)に基づく年金たる給付
Allowances for families of unrepatriated persons and special allowances under the Act on Aid to Families and Others Related to Unrepatriated Persons (Act No. 161 of 1953) (including allowances prescribed in paragraph (45) of the Supplementary Provisions of that Act);
未帰還者留守家族等援護法(昭和二十八年法律第百六十一号)に基づく留守家族手当及び特別手当(同法附則第四十五項に規定する手当を含む。)
Benefits in the form of a pension under the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act (Act No. 50 of 1947);
労働者災害補償保険法(昭和二十二年法律第五十号)に基づく年金たる給付
Compensation in the form of a pension under the National Public Officers' Accident Compensation Act (Act No. 191 of 1951) (including where it applies mutatis mutandis under other Acts);
国家公務員災害補償法(昭和二十六年法律第百九十一号。他の法律において準用する場合を含む。)に基づく年金たる補償
Compensation in the form of a pension under the provisions of a Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance based on the Act on Occupational Accident Compensation for Public School Physicians, Dentists, and Pharmacists (Act No. 143 of 1957);
公立学校の学校医、学校歯科医及び学校薬剤師の公務災害補償に関する法律(昭和三十二年法律第百四十三号)に基づく条例の規定に基づく年金たる補償
Compensation in the form of a pension under the Local Public Officers Accident Compensation Act (Act No. 121 of 1967) and the provisions of Prefectural or Municipal Ordinances based on that Act.
地方公務員災害補償法(昭和四十二年法律第百二十一号)及び同法に基づく条例の規定に基づく年金たる補償
In this Act, "marriage" is to include cases where a notification of marriage has not been filed but the circumstances are equivalent to a de facto marital relationship, "spouse" is to include a person who has not filed a notification of marriage but is in circumstances equivalent to a de facto marital relationship, and "father" is to include a person who, at the time the mother conceived the child, had not filed a notification of marriage but was in circumstances equivalent to a de facto marital relationship with the mother.
この法律にいう「婚姻」には、婚姻の届出をしていないが、事実上婚姻関係と同様の事情にある場合を含み、「配偶者」には、婚姻の届出をしていないが、事実上婚姻関係と同様の事情にある者を含み、「父」には、母が児童を懐胎した当時婚姻の届出をしていないが、その母と事実上婚姻関係と同様の事情にあつた者を含むものとする。
Article 4Requirement for Payment
The prefectural governor, the mayors of cities (including the heads of special wards; the same applies hereinafter), and the heads of towns and villages that administer a welfare office (meaning an office for welfare prescribed in the Social Welfare Act (Act No. 45 of 1951); the same applies hereinafter) (hereinafter referred to as "prefectural governor, etc.") are to pay Child Rearing Allowance (hereinafter referred to as "the allowance"), according to the categories of cases set out in the following items, to the person prescribed in each such item.
都道府県知事、市長(特別区の区長を含む。以下同じ。)及び福祉事務所(社会福祉法(昭和二十六年法律第四十五号)に定める福祉に関する事務所をいう。以下同じ。)を管理する町村長(以下「都道府県知事等」という。)は、次の各号に掲げる場合の区分に応じ、それぞれ当該各号に定める者に対し、児童扶養手当(以下「手当」という。)を支給する。
In the case where the mother of a child who falls under any of (a) through (e) has custody of the child: that mother;
次のイからホまでのいずれかに該当する児童の母が当該児童を監護する場合 当該母
A child whose father is in a state of disability of a degree of severity specified by Cabinet Order;
父が政令で定める程度の障害の状態にある児童
Any other child in a condition equivalent to that of those under (a) through (d) who is specified by Cabinet Order;
その他イからニまでに準ずる状態にある児童で政令で定めるもの
In the case where the father of a child falling under any of (a) through (e) below has custody of the child and shares a livelihood with the child: that father;
次のイからホまでのいずれかに該当する児童の父が当該児童を監護し、かつ、これと生計を同じくする場合 当該父
A child whose mother has a disability of a degree of severity specified by the Cabinet Order referred to in (c) of the preceding item;
Any other child in a condition equivalent to that of those under (a) through (d) who is specified by Cabinet Order;
その他イからニまでに準ずる状態にある児童で政令で定めるもの
In the case where a mother does not have custody of a child falling under any of (a) through (e) of item (i), or where there is no mother of a child falling under any of (a) through (e) of that item (excluding a child falling under (b) of that item), and a person other than that mother raises the child (meaning living with the child, having custody of the child and maintaining the child's livelihood; the same applies hereinafter); in the case where a father does not have custody of a child falling under any of (a) through (e) of the preceding item or does not share a livelihood with the child (excluding the case where there is no father), or where there is no father of a child falling under any of (a) through (e) of that item (excluding a child falling under (b) of that item), and a person other than that father raises the child; or in the case where there is neither father nor mother, and a person other than that father and mother raises the child: that person raising the child.
第一号イからホまでのいずれかに該当する児童を母が監護しない場合若しくは同号イからホまでのいずれかに該当する児童(同号ロに該当するものを除く。)の母がない場合であつて、当該母以外の者が当該児童を養育する(児童と同居して、これを監護し、かつ、その生計を維持することをいう。以下同じ。)とき、前号イからホまでのいずれかに該当する児童を父が監護しないか、若しくはこれと生計を同じくしない場合(父がない場合を除く。)若しくは同号イからホまでのいずれかに該当する児童(同号ロに該当するものを除く。)の父がない場合であつて、当該父以外の者が当該児童を養育するとき、又は父母がない場合であつて、当該父母以外の者が当該児童を養育するとき 当該養育者
Notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, the allowance is not paid for a child where, in the case of the allowance for a mother or person raising the child, the child falls under any of items (i) through (iv) of this paragraph, or, in the case of the allowance for a father, the child falls under any of items (i), (ii), (v) or (vi) of this paragraph.
When the child does not have a domicile in Japan;
日本国内に住所を有しないとき。
When the child has been entrusted to a foster parent prescribed in Article 6-4 of the Child Welfare Act (Act No. 164 of 1947);
児童福祉法(昭和二十二年法律第百六十四号)第六条の四に規定する里親に委託されているとき。
When the child shares a livelihood with the father; provided, however, that this does not apply when that person has a disability of a degree of severity specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in paragraph (1), item (i), (c);
父と生計を同じくしているとき。ただし、その者が前項第一号ハに規定する政令で定める程度の障害の状態にあるときを除く。
When the child is being raised by the spouse of the mother (excluding a father who has a disability of a degree of severity specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in paragraph (1), item (i), (c));
When the child shares a livelihood with the mother; provided, however, that this does not apply when that person has a disability of a degree of severity specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in paragraph (1), item (i), (c);
母と生計を同じくしているとき。ただし、その者が前項第一号ハに規定する政令で定める程度の障害の状態にあるときを除く。
When the child is being raised by the spouse of the father (excluding a mother who has a disability of a degree of severity specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in paragraph (1), item (i), (c)).
Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the allowance is not paid where, in the case of the allowance for a mother, that mother, in the case of the allowance for a father, that father, or in the case of the allowance for a person raising the child, that person raising the child, does not have a domicile in Japan.
Article 4-2Adjustment of Payment
Article 5Amount of Allowance
The allowance is to be paid in units of months, and the amount is 41,100 yen per month.
手当は、月を単位として支給するものとし、その額は、一月につき、四万千百円とする。
The amount of the allowance paid to a father, mother or person raising the child who has two or more children who fall under the requirements prescribed in Article 4 and who are in the custody of the father and share a livelihood with him, are in the custody of the mother, or are raised by a person raising the child (hereinafter referred to as "children in custody, etc."), is, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, the amount prescribed in that paragraph (referred to as the "basic amount" in paragraphs (1) and (2) of the following Article) plus 10,750 yen for each child in custody, etc. other than one of the children in custody, etc.
Article 5-2Automatic Revision of Allowance Amount
With respect to the basic amount, when the annual average national consumer price index compiled by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (hereinafter referred to as the "price index") comes to exceed or fall below the price index of 1993 (where a measure to revise the basic amount under this paragraph has been taken, the year preceding the year in which the most recent such measure was taken), the basic amount on or after April of the following year is revised on the basis of the ratio of that rise or fall.
基本額については、総務省において作成する年平均の全国消費者物価指数(以下「物価指数」という。)が平成五年(この項の規定による基本額の改定の措置が講じられたときは、直近の当該措置が講じられた年の前年)の物価指数を超え、又は下るに至つた場合においては、その上昇し、又は低下した比率を基準として、その翌年の四月以降の基本額を改定する。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to the amount added to the basic amount under paragraph (2) of the preceding Article. In this case, the term "1993" in the preceding paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "2023".
The measures for revising the amount of the allowance under the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs are specified by Cabinet Order.
Article 6Certification
A person who falls under the requirements for payment of the allowance (hereinafter referred to as an "eligible recipient"), when seeking to receive payment of the allowance, must obtain certification from the prefectural governor, etc. as to the person's eligibility and the amount of the allowance.
Where a person who has obtained the certification under the preceding paragraph, after ceasing to fall under the requirements for payment of the allowance, again comes to fall under those requirements, the same applies as under that paragraph when the person seeks to receive payment of the allowance for the period after coming to fall under them.
Article 7Payment Period and Payment Months
Payment of the allowance begins in the month following the month that includes the day on which the eligible recipient made the claim for certification under the preceding Article (referred to as the "first month of payment" in Article 13-3, paragraph (1)) and ends in the month that includes the day on which the grounds for paying the allowance ceased to exist.
Where an eligible recipient was unable to make the claim for certification under the preceding Article due to a disaster or other unavoidable reason, and makes the claim within 15 days after that reason ceased to exist, payment of the allowance begins, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, in the month following the month that includes the day on which the eligible recipient became unable to make the claim for certification due to the unavoidable reason.
The allowance is paid in six installments, in January, March, May, July, September and November of each year, for the portion up to the month preceding each of them. However, allowance that should have been paid in the previous payment month, or allowance for the period in the case where the grounds for payment have ceased to exist, are to be paid even in a month that is not that payment month.
手当は、毎年一月、三月、五月、七月、九月及び十一月の六期に、それぞれの前月までの分を支払う。ただし、前支払期月に支払うべきであつた手当又は支給すべき事由が消滅した場合におけるその期の手当は、その支払期月でない月であつても、支払うものとする。
Article 8Timing of Revision of Allowance Amount
With respect to a person receiving payment of the allowance, the revision of the amount of the allowance in the case where the person newly comes to have a child in custody, etc. is made from the month following the month that includes the day on which the person made a claim for certification for the revised amount.
The provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the revision under the preceding paragraph.
With respect to a person receiving payment of the allowance, the revision of the amount of the allowance in the case where the number of children in custody, etc. has decreased is made from the month following the month that includes the day of the decrease.
Article 9Restriction on Payment
If the previous year's income of an eligible recipient (excluding a person raising a child who falls under Article 4, paragraph (1), item (i), (b) or (d) and has no mother, a child who falls under item (ii), (b) or (d) of that paragraph and has no father, or any other child specified by Cabinet Order; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) is the amount specified by Cabinet Order or more, according to the presence and number of the spouse in the same household and dependents of that person prescribed in the Income Tax Act (Act No. 33 of 1965) (hereinafter referred to as "dependents and similar persons") and of children who are not dependents and similar persons of that eligible recipient but whom that eligible recipient supported as of December 31 of the previous year, the allowance is not paid, in whole or in part, from November of that year to October of the following year, as provided by Cabinet Order.
Where the eligible recipient is a mother and a child in her custody has received from the father payment of the expenses necessary for raising that child, or where the eligible recipient is a father and a child in his custody and sharing a livelihood with him has received from the mother payment of the expenses necessary for raising that child, the amount of income under the preceding paragraph is to be calculated, as provided by Cabinet Order, by deeming the eligible recipient to have received payment of those expenses.
Article 9-2
If the previous year's income of an eligible recipient (limited to a person raising the child prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article; the same applies hereinafter in this Article) is the amount specified by Cabinet Order or more, according to the presence and number of dependents and similar persons of that person and of children who are not dependents and similar persons of that eligible recipient but whom that eligible recipient supported as of December 31 of the previous year, the allowance is not paid from November of that year to October of the following year.
Article 10
If the previous year's income of the spouse of a father or mother, or the previous year's income of a person under a duty of support prescribed in Article 877, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896) who shares a livelihood with that father or mother, is the amount specified by Cabinet Order or more, according to the presence and number of that person's dependents and similar persons, the allowance for that father or mother is not paid from November of that year to October of the following year.
父又は母に対する手当は、その父若しくは母の配偶者の前年の所得又はその父若しくは母の民法(明治二十九年法律第八十九号)第八百七十七条第一項に定める扶養義務者でその父若しくは母と生計を同じくするものの前年の所得が、その者の扶養親族等の有無及び数に応じて、政令で定める額以上であるときは、その年の十一月から翌年の十月までは、支給しない。
Article 11
If the previous year's income of the spouse of a person raising the child, or the previous year's income of a person under a duty of support prescribed in Article 877, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code who supports that person raising the child, is the amount specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in the preceding Article or more, according to the presence and number of that person's dependents and similar persons, the allowance for that person raising the child is not paid from November of that year to October of the following year.
養育者に対する手当は、その養育者の配偶者の前年の所得又はその養育者の民法第八百七十七条第一項に定める扶養義務者でその養育者の生計を維持するものの前年の所得が、その者の扶養親族等の有無及び数に応じて、前条に規定する政令で定める額以上であるときは、その年の十一月から翌年の十月までは、支給しない。
Article 12
Where there is a person who has suffered damage, due to an earthquake, windstorm or flood, fire or other similar disaster, in which the amount of damage (excluding amounts made up by insurance money, compensation for damages, etc.) to a residence, household goods or other property specified by Cabinet Order owned by that person, or by the spouse in the same household or a dependent of that person prescribed in the Income Tax Act, is approximately one-half or more of its value (hereinafter referred to as a "disaster victim"), the provisions of Article 9 through the preceding Article do not apply, with respect to the allowance for the period from the month in which the damage was suffered to October of the following year, to the income of that disaster victim in the year preceding the year in which the damage was suffered or in the year before that.
Where the allowance for the period prescribed in the preceding paragraph has been paid through the application of that paragraph, and any of the following items applies, the person who received that payment must, as provided by Cabinet Order, return to a prefecture, a city (including a special ward) or a town or village that has established a welfare office (hereinafter referred to as a "prefecture, etc.") all or part of an amount equivalent to the allowance prescribed in the respective item for the period prescribed in that paragraph.
When the income of that disaster victim (excluding a person raising the child prescribed in Article 9, paragraph (1); the same applies hereinafter in this item) in the year in which the damage was suffered is the amount specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in Article 9, paragraph (1) or more, according to the presence and number of dependents and similar persons of that disaster victim and of children who are not dependents and similar persons of that disaster victim but whom that disaster victim supported as of December 31 of that year: the allowance paid to that disaster victim;
When the income of that disaster victim (limited to a person raising the child prescribed in Article 9, paragraph (1); the same applies hereinafter in this item) in the year in which the damage was suffered is the amount specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in Article 9-2 or more, according to the presence and number of dependents and similar persons of that disaster victim and of children who are not dependents and similar persons of that disaster victim but whom that disaster victim supported as of December 31 of that year: the allowance paid to that disaster victim;
When the income of that disaster victim in the year in which the damage was suffered is the amount specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in Article 10 or more, according to the presence and number of dependents and similar persons of that disaster victim: the allowance paid to a person whose spouse or person under a duty of support is that disaster victim.
Article 13
The scope of the income prescribed in Articles 9 through 11 and in the items of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, and the method of calculating its amount, are specified by Cabinet Order.
第九条から第十一条まで及び前条第二項各号に規定する所得の範囲及びその額の計算方法は、政令で定める。
Article 13-2
The allowance is not paid, in whole or in part, for a child, as provided by Cabinet Order, where, in the case of the allowance for a mother or person raising the child, the child falls under item (i), (ii) or (iv), or, in the case of the allowance for a father, the child falls under item (i), (iii) or (iv).
When a public pension benefit paid on the death of the father or mother can be received; provided, however, that this does not apply when payment of the whole amount has been suspended;
父又は母の死亡について支給される公的年金給付を受けることができるとき。ただし、その全額につきその支給が停止されているときを除く。
When the child is the subject of an addition to the amount of a public pension benefit paid to the father;
父に支給される公的年金給付の額の加算の対象となつているとき。
When the child is the subject of an addition to the amount of a public pension benefit paid to the mother;
母に支給される公的年金給付の額の加算の対象となつているとき。
When, on the death of the father or mother, survivors' compensation under the provisions of the Labor Standards Act (Act No. 49 of 1947) or an equivalent benefit under other laws and regulations specified by Cabinet Order (hereinafter referred to as "survivors' compensation, etc." in this Article) can be received, and six years have not passed since the day on which the grounds for payment of that survivors' compensation, etc. arose.
父又は母の死亡について労働基準法(昭和二十二年法律第四十九号)の規定による遺族補償その他政令で定める法令によるこれに相当する給付(以下この条において「遺族補償等」という。)を受けることができる場合であつて、当該遺族補償等の給付事由が発生した日から六年を経過していないとき。
The allowance is not paid, in whole or in part, as provided by Cabinet Order, where an eligible recipient falls under any of the following cases.
When the eligible recipient can receive a public pension benefit other than a disability basic pension under the provisions of the National Pension Act or any other benefit specified by Cabinet Order whose grounds for payment are disability (referred to as "disability basic pension, etc." in the following paragraph), and other than an old-age welfare pension under the National Pension Act prior to its amendment by Article 1 of the Act Partially Amending the National Pension Act, etc. (Act No. 34 of 1985), as to which the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to Article 32, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of that Act; provided, however, that this does not apply when payment of the whole amount has been suspended;
When survivors' compensation, etc. (limited to that paid on the death of the father or mother) can be received, and six years have not passed since the day on which the grounds for payment of that survivors' compensation, etc. arose.
遺族補償等(父又は母の死亡について支給されるものに限る。)を受けることができる場合であつて、当該遺族補償等の給付事由が発生した日から六年を経過していないとき。
When an eligible recipient can receive a disability basic pension, etc. (excluding the case where payment of the whole amount has been suspended), the allowance is not paid, as provided by Cabinet Order, in an amount equivalent to the amount of that disability basic pension, etc. (limited to the part relating to the addition for a person having a child).
In specifying the Cabinet Order referred to in the part of paragraph (1) other than the items and in the preceding paragraph, care is to be taken so that the amount of the allowance paid to an eligible recipient with two or more children in custody, etc. does not fall below the amount of the allowance paid to an eligible recipient with one child in custody, etc.
Article 13-3
Payment of the allowance to an eligible recipient (excluding a person raising the child; the same applies hereinafter in this Article) is partly withheld, as provided by Cabinet Order, when five years have elapsed from the first day of the first month of payment, or seven years have elapsed from the first day of the month containing the day on which the requirements for payment of the allowance came to be met (or, in the case of an eligible recipient who had in custody a child under three years of age on the day of making a claim for certification under Article 6, paragraph (1), when five years have elapsed from the first day of the month following the month containing the day on which that child reached the age of three); provided, however, that the amount so withheld may not exceed an amount equivalent to one-half of the amount of the allowance to be paid to that eligible recipient in the month following the month containing the day on which that period elapsed.
If an eligible recipient, after the period prescribed in the preceding paragraph has elapsed, has a physical disability or otherwise falls under grounds specified by Cabinet Order, the preceding paragraph does not apply to that eligible recipient during the period in which the recipient falls under such grounds, as provided by Cabinet Office Order.
Article 14
In any of the following cases, all or part of the amount of the allowance may be withheld:
手当は、次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合においては、その額の全部又は一部を支給しないことができる。
when an eligible recipient, without a justifiable reason, fails to comply with an order under Article 29, paragraph (1), or fails to respond to questioning by the official concerned under that paragraph;
when an eligible recipient, without a justifiable reason, fails to comply with an order under Article 29, paragraph (2), or refuses a diagnosis by the official concerned under that paragraph;
when an eligible recipient is grossly neglecting the custody or raising of the child;
when an eligible recipient (excluding a person raising the child), without a justifiable reason, has not engaged in job-seeking activities or other activities for achieving self-reliance specified by Cabinet Office Order; or
受給資格者(養育者を除く。)が、正当な理由がなくて、求職活動その他内閣府令で定める自立を図るための活動をしなかつたとき。
when an eligible recipient has made a false application or notification in connection with a claim for certification under Article 6, paragraph (1), or a notification under Article 28, paragraph (1).
Article 15
If a person receiving payment of the allowance, without a justifiable reason, fails to make a notification under Article 28, paragraph (1), or fails to submit documents or other materials, payment of the allowance may be temporarily suspended.
Article 16Unpaid Allowance
If an eligible recipient of the allowance dies and there is any allowance that was to be paid to the deceased person but had not yet been paid to that person, the unpaid allowance may be paid to a person who was a child in custody, etc. of the deceased person.
第三章 不服申立て
Chapter III Appeals
Article 17Request for Review
Article 17-2Examining Agency
Where the mayor of a city, or the head of a town or village that administers a welfare office, has delegated all or part of the administrative work concerning payment of the allowance to the head of an administrative organ under that person's control pursuant to Article 33, paragraph (2), a request for review of a disposition concerning that work is to be made to the prefectural governor.
Article 18Period for Determination
When a request for review of a disposition concerning payment of the allowance is made, the prefectural governor must make a determination on the request for review within the period specified in each of the following items for the case classified as set out in that item, counted from the day on which the request for review was made (or, where an order to correct a defect has been issued under Article 23 of the Administrative Complaint Review Act (Act No. 68 of 2014), the day on which the defect was corrected):
都道府県知事は、手当の支給に関する処分についての審査請求がされたときは、当該審査請求がされた日(行政不服審査法(平成二十六年法律第六十八号)第二十三条の規定により不備を補正すべきことを命じた場合にあつては、当該不備が補正された日)から次の各号に掲げる場合の区分に応じそれぞれ当該各号に定める期間内に、当該審査請求に対する裁決をしなければならない。
in the case of a consultation under Article 43, paragraph (1) of the Administrative Complaint Review Act: 80 days;
行政不服審査法第四十三条第一項の規定による諮問をする場合 八十日
in a case other than that set out in the preceding item: 60 days.
前号に掲げる場合以外の場合 六十日
If no determination has been made on a request for review within the period specified in each of the following items for the case classified as set out in that item, counted from the day on which the request for review was made (or, where the requestor for review has been ordered to correct a defect under Article 23 of the Administrative Complaint Review Act, the day on which the requestor for review corrected the defect; the same applies in item (i)), the requestor for review may deem that the prefectural governor has rejected the request for review:
審査請求人は、審査請求をした日(行政不服審査法第二十三条の規定により不備を補正すべきことを命じられた場合にあつては、当該不備を補正した日。第一号において同じ。)から次の各号に掲げる場合の区分に応じそれぞれ当該各号に定める期間内に裁決がないときは、都道府県知事が当該審査請求を棄却したものとみなすことができる。
in a case where notice has been received under Article 43, paragraph (3) of the Administrative Complaint Review Act within 60 days from the day on which the request for review was made: 80 days;
当該審査請求をした日から六十日以内に行政不服審査法第四十三条第三項の規定により通知を受けた場合 八十日
in a case other than that set out in the preceding item: 60 days.
前号に掲げる場合以外の場合 六十日
Article 19Suspension of Completion and Renewal of Prescription
Article 20Requests for Re-Examination
第四章 雑則
Chapter IV Miscellaneous Provisions
Article 21Burden of Costs
The costs required for payment of the allowance are borne one-third by the State and two-thirds by the prefectures, etc.
Article 22Prescription
Article 23Collection of Wrongful Gain
If there is a person who has received payment of the allowance by deceit or other wrongful means, the prefectural governor, etc. may collect all or part of an amount equivalent to the amount received from that person, in accordance with the practice for the collection of national taxes.
The provisions of Article 96, paragraphs (1) through (5), Article 97 and Article 98 of the National Pension Act apply mutatis mutandis to the collection of money under the preceding paragraph. In this case, the phrase "14.6 percent per annum (or, for the period from the day following the due date for payment to the day on which three months have elapsed, where the demand for payment relates to a premium, 7.3 percent per annum)" in Article 97, paragraph (1) of that Act is deemed to be replaced with "14.6 percent per annum".
国民年金法第九十六条第一項から第五項まで、第九十七条及び第九十八条の規定は、前項の規定による徴収金の徴収について準用する。この場合において、同法第九十七条第一項中「年十四・六パーセント(当該督促が保険料に係るものであるときは、当該納期限の翌日から三月を経過する日までの期間については、年七・三パーセント)」とあるのは、「年十四・六パーセント」と読み替えるものとする。
Article 24Protection of the Right to Receive Payment
Article 25Prohibition of Public Charges
Article 26Calculation of Periods
With regard to the calculation of periods as prescribed by this Act or an Order based on this Act, the provisions concerning periods as set forth in the Civil Code apply mutatis mutandis.
この法律又はこの法律に基づく命令に規定する期間の計算については、民法の期間に関する規定を準用する。
Article 27Free Certification of Family Register Matters
The mayor of a municipality (including the mayor of a special ward, and, in a designated city under Article 252-19, paragraph (1) of the Local Autonomy Act (Act No. 67 of 1947), the mayor of a ward or of a general ward) may, in accordance with the Municipal Ordinance (including that of a special ward) of that municipality, provide certification free of charge to the prefectural governor, etc. or an eligible recipient regarding the family register of the eligible recipient or the child in custody, etc.
Article 28Notification
A person who is receiving payment of the allowance must, as provided by Cabinet Office Order, notify the prefectural governor, etc. of the matters specified by Cabinet Office Order and submit the documents and other articles specified by Cabinet Office Order.
When a person who is receiving payment of the allowance dies, the person obligated to give notification of the death under the provisions of the Family Register Act (Act No. 224 of 1947) must notify the prefectural governor, etc. to that effect, as provided by Cabinet Office Order.
手当の支給を受けている者が死亡したときは、戸籍法(昭和二十二年法律第二百二十四号)の規定による死亡の届出義務者は、内閣府令の定めるところにより、その旨を都道府県知事等に届け出なければならない。
Article 28-2Consultation, Provision of Information, etc.
The prefectural governor, etc. is to respond to consultations from, and provide necessary information and advice to, a person who has made a claim for certification under Article 6, paragraph (1) or a notification under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
The prefectural governor, etc. may provide an eligible recipient (excluding a person raising the child) with support for livelihood and employment (including the provision of information on that support; the same applies in the following paragraph) and other support necessary for independence.
The prefectural governor, etc. may, in light of local circumstances, express opinions to the Prime Minister on support for livelihood and employment and other support necessary for independence for an eligible recipient (excluding a person raising the child).
Article 29Investigation
When the prefectural governor, etc. finds it necessary, the prefectural governor, etc. may order an eligible recipient to submit documents (including those relating to expenses necessary for raising the child that the child's father or mother has paid) and other articles concerning matters necessary for determining whether there is eligibility and the amount of the allowance, or may have the official in charge question the eligible recipient, the child and other persons concerned about those matters.
When the prefectural governor, etc. finds it necessary, the prefectural governor, etc. may order an eligible recipient to have the child, or the father or mother of the child, in respect of whom payment of the allowance is made by reason of being in a condition of disability of a degree of severity specified by Cabinet Order as prescribed in Article 3, paragraph (1) or Article 4, paragraph (1), item (i), (c), undergo a diagnosis by a physician designated by the prefectural governor, etc., or may have the official in charge diagnose that person's condition of disability.
The official in charge who conducts questioning or diagnosis under the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs must carry a certificate showing the official's status and present it when a person concerned so requests.
前二項の規定によつて質問又は診断を行なう当該職員は、その身分を示す証明書を携帯し、かつ、関係人の請求があるときは、これを提示しなければならない。
Article 30Provision of Materials, etc.
When the prefectural governor, etc. finds it necessary in connection with a disposition concerning payment of the allowance, the prefectural governor, etc. may, concerning the status of the assets or income of an eligible recipient, the child, or the spouse or a person under a duty of support of the eligible recipient, or the status of payment of public pension benefits to an eligible recipient, the child, or the father or mother of the child, request a government agency, the Japan Pension Service, a mutual aid association organized by law, the Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, or the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan to allow inspection of necessary documents or to provide materials, or request a bank, a trust company or other institution, or the employer of an eligible recipient or another person concerned, to report necessary matters.
Article 31Adjustment of Payment of the Allowance
Where payment has been made as payment of the allowance even though the allowance should not have been paid, the allowance so paid may be deemed to be an advance payment of the allowance to be paid thereafter. The same applies to the amount to be returned where all or part of an amount equivalent to the allowance already received is to be returned under Article 12, paragraph (2), and to the portion that should have been reduced of an allowance, where grounds have arisen for revising the amount of the allowance by reducing it but an allowance of an unreduced amount has been paid for the months from the month following the month containing the day on which those grounds arose.
Article 32Order for Enforcement
Beyond what is specially provided for in this Act, detailed rules necessary for procedures for implementing this Act and for other matters concerning its execution are specified by Cabinet Office Order.
この法律に特別の規定があるものを除くほか、この法律の実施のための手続その他その執行について必要な細則は、内閣府令で定める。
Article 33Administrative Work, etc. Performed by Heads of Towns and Villages
Part of the administrative work concerning payment of the allowance may be performed by the head of a town or village (excluding the head of a town or village that administers a welfare office), as provided by Cabinet Order.
A prefectural governor, etc. may delegate all or part of the administrative work concerning payment of the allowance, only to the head of an administrative organ under that person's control.
Article 33-2Partial-Affairs Association, etc. of Towns and Villages
Where towns or villages have established a partial-affairs association or a wide-area union and set up a welfare office, then for the purpose of applying the provisions of this Act, that partial-affairs association or wide-area union is deemed to be the town or village that sets up a welfare office, and the administrator of that partial-affairs association (or, in the case of a partial-affairs association under Article 285 of the Local Autonomy Act in which a board of directors is established in place of an administrator pursuant to Article 287-3, paragraph (2) of that Act, the board of directors) or the head of the wide-area union (or, in the case of a wide-area union in which a board of directors is established in place of the head pursuant to Article 287-3, paragraph (2) of that Act as applied mutatis mutandis under Article 291-13 of that Act, the board of directors) is deemed to be the head of the town or village that administers a welfare office.
町村が一部事務組合又は広域連合を設けて福祉事務所を設置した場合には、この法律の規定の適用については、その一部事務組合又は広域連合を福祉事務所を設置する町村とみなし、その一部事務組合の管理者(地方自治法第二百八十七条の三第二項の規定により管理者に代えて理事会を置く同法第二百八十五条の一部事務組合にあつては、理事会)又は広域連合の長(同法第二百九十一条の十三において準用する同法第二百八十七条の三第二項の規定により長に代えて理事会を置く広域連合にあつては、理事会)を福祉事務所を管理する町村長とみなす。
Article 33-3Category of Administrative Affairs
The administrative affairs that are to be handled by prefectures, etc. pursuant to the provisions of this Act (excluding Article 28-2, paragraphs (2) and (3)) are Type 1 statutory entrusted affairs prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (9), item (i) of the Local Autonomy Act.
この法律(第二十八条の二第二項及び第三項を除く。)の規定により都道府県等が処理することとされている事務は、地方自治法第二条第九項第一号に規定する第一号法定受託事務とする。
Article 34Transitional Measures
When a Cabinet Order is established, or revised or repealed, based on this Act, the necessary transitional measures may be specified by Cabinet Order, to the extent judged to be reasonably necessary in connection with that establishment, revision, or repeal.
この法律に基づき政令を制定し、又は改廃する場合においては、政令で、その制定又は改廃に伴い合理的に必要と判断される範囲内において、所要の経過措置を定めることができる。
Article 35Penal Provisions
A person who has received the allowance by deceit or other wrongful means is punished by imprisonment for not more than three years or a fine of not more than 300,000 yen; provided, however, that if a provision of the Penal Code (Act No. 45 of 1907) provides for a penalty for the act, the Penal Code applies.
偽りその他不正の手段により手当を受けた者は、三年以下の拘禁刑又は三十万円以下の罰金に処する。ただし、刑法(明治四十年法律第四十五号)に正条があるときは、刑法による。
Article 36
A person with an obligation to give notification of a death under the provisions of the Family Register Act who has failed to give notification in violation of Article 28, paragraph (2) is punished by a civil fine of not more than 100,000 yen.
定義第三条第一項・法令全体に適用
十八歳に達する日以後の最初の三月三十一日までの間にある者又は二十歳未満で政令で定める程度の障害の状態にある者
わかりやすく言うと
十八歳に達する日以後の最初の三月三十一日を過ぎていない人と、二十歳未満で政令で定める程度の障害の状態にある人のことです。
定義第三条第二項・法令全体に適用
次の各号に掲げる給付
わかりやすく言うと
国民年金法、厚生年金保険法、恩給法、労働者災害補償保険法などの法律や条例に基づいて年金として支給される給付や補償と、未帰還者留守家族等援護法に基づく留守家族手当や特別手当など、第三条第二項の各号に挙げる給付のことです。
略称規定第四条第一項
…次の各号に掲げる場合の区分に応じ、それぞれ当該各号に定める者に対し、児童扶養手当(以下「手当」という。)を支給する。
わかりやすく言うと
この法律による児童扶養手当のことです。都道府県知事や市長などが、父母の婚姻の解消や一方の親の死亡・障害などに当たる児童を監護する母、監護して生計を同じくする父、または父母以外でその児童を養育する人に支給します。
定義第四条第一項
社会福祉法(昭和二十六年法律第四十五号)に定める福祉に関する事務所
わかりやすく言うと
社会福祉法に基づいて都道府県と市が設置し、町村も設置することができる、福祉に関する事務所のことです。
略称規定第四条第一項
都道府県知事、市長(特別区の区長を含む。以下同じ。)及び福祉事務所(社会福祉法(昭和二十六年法律第四十五号)に定める福祉に関する事務所をいう。以下同じ。)を管理する町村長(以下「都道府県知事等」という。)は…
わかりやすく言うと
手当を支給する都道府県知事、市長(特別区の区長を含みます)と、福祉事務所を管理する町村長のことです。
略称規定第五条第二項・この規定及び第五条の二第一項及び第二項の中だけ
…かつ、これと生計を同じくするもの、母が監護するもの又は養育者が養育するもの(以下「監護等児童」という。)が二人以上である父、母又は養育者に支給する手当の額は、前項の規定にかかわらず、同項に定める額(次条第一項及び第二項において「基本額」…
わかりやすく言うと
第五条第一項が定める、手当の一か月あたりの額(四万千百円)のことです。監護等児童が二人以上いるときは、そのうち一人を除いた一人ごとに一万七百五十円がこれに加算されます。
略称規定第五条第二項
第四条に定める要件に該当する児童であつて、父が監護し、かつ、これと生計を同じくするもの、母が監護するもの又は養育者が養育するもの(以下「監護等児童」という。)が二人以上である父、母又は養育者に支給する手当の額は、前項の規定にかかわらず…
わかりやすく言うと
第四条の要件に当たる児童のうち、父が監護して生計を同じくしている児童、母が監護している児童、または養育者が養育している児童のことです。二人以上いるときは、手当の額に加算があります。
略称規定第五条の二第一項
基本額については、総務省において作成する年平均の全国消費者物価指数(以下「物価指数」という。)が平成五年(この項の規定による基本額の改定の措置が講じられたときは、直近の当該措置が講じられた年の前年)の物価指数を超え…
わかりやすく言うと
総務省が作成する年平均の全国消費者物価指数のことです。これが平成五年(改定が行われた後は直近の改定の年の前年)の指数より上がり又は下がったときは、その比率を基準に翌年四月以降の基本額が改定されます。
略称規定第六条第一項
手当の支給要件に該当する者(以下「受給資格者」という。)は、手当の支給を受けようとするときは、その受給資格及び手当の額について、都道府県知事等の認定を受けなければならない。
略称規定第七条第一項・この規定及び第十三条の三第一項の中だけ
手当の支給は、受給資格者が前条の規定による認定の請求をした日の属する月の翌月(第十三条の三第一項において「支給開始月」という。)から始め、手当を支給すべき事由が消滅した日の属する月で終わる。
わかりやすく言うと
手当を受ける資格のある人が都道府県知事などに手当の認定を請求した日の属する月の翌月のことで、手当の支給はこの月から始まります。
略称規定第九条第一項
…その者の所得税法(昭和四十年法律第三十三号)に規定する同一生計配偶者及び扶養親族(以下「扶養親族等」という。)並びに当該受給資格者の扶養親族等でない児童で当該受給資格者が前年の十二月三十一日において生計を維持したものの有無及び数に応じて…
わかりやすく言うと
所得税法でいう同一生計配偶者と扶養親族をあわせた呼び名です。いずれも、その人と生計を一にする配偶者や親族などのうち、所得税法が定める所得などの条件に当たる人です。
略称規定第十二条第一項
…家財又は政令で定めるその他の財産につき被害金額(保険金、損害賠償金等により補充された金額を除く。)がその価格のおおむね二分の一以上である損害を受けた者(以下「被災者」という。)がある場合においては…
わかりやすく言うと
震災、風水害、火災などの災害で、自分や所得税法上の同一生計配偶者・扶養親族が持つ住宅、家財または政令で定める財産に、保険金などで補われた分を除いて価格のおおむね二分の一以上の損害を受けた人のことです。
略称規定第十二条第二項
…その支給を受けた者は、政令の定めるところにより、それぞれ当該各号に規定する手当で同項に規定する期間に係るものに相当する金額の全部又は一部を都道府県、市(特別区を含む。)又は福祉事務所を設置する町村(以下「都道府県等」という。)に返還しな…
わかりやすく言うと
都道府県、市(特別区を含みます)と、福祉事務所を設置する町村のことです。災害による特例で支給された手当を第十二条第二項により返還するときの返還先です。
略称規定第十三条の二第一項第四号・この条の中だけ
父又は母の死亡について労働基準法(昭和二十二年法律第四十九号)の規定による遺族補償その他政令で定める法令によるこれに相当する給付(以下この条において「遺族補償等」という。)を受けることができる場合であつて…
わかりやすく言うと
労働基準法による遺族補償(労働者が業務上死亡したときに使用者が遺族に行う補償)と、政令で定める法令によるこれに相当する給付のことです。
略称規定第十三条の二第二項第一号・この規定及び第十三条の二第三項の中だけ
国民年金法の規定に基づく障害基礎年金その他障害を支給事由とする政令で定める給付(次項において「障害基礎年金等」という。)及び国民年金法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和六十年法律第三十四号)附則第三十二条第一項の規定によりなお従前の例によるもの…
わかりやすく言うと
国民年金法に基づく障害基礎年金と、障害を支給の理由とする給付で政令で定めるもののことです。
戸籍
人の出生や婚姻、親子関係などを記録する公の帳簿で、本籍を定めた夫婦と、その夫婦と同じ氏の子ごとに作られます。外国人と結婚した人や配偶者のいない人について新しく戸籍を作るときは、その人と、その人と同じ氏の子ごとに作られます(戸籍法第六条)。戸籍の事務は、法律に別の定めがある場合を除き、市町村長(東京都の特別区や政令指定都市の区では区長)が行います(同法第一条・第四条)。一人ひとりについて、本籍のほか、氏名とその振り仮名、生年月日、戸籍に入った理由と日付、父母、養子であれば養親、夫婦であることなどが記載されます(同法第十三条)。記載は、出生・婚姻・離婚・死亡などの届出(同法第四十九条・第七十四条・第七十六条・第八十六条)や、報告、申請、裁判などにもとづいて行われます(同法第十五条)。日本人と外国人の婚姻の届出があったときは、夫婦ではなくその日本人について新しい戸籍が作られます。ただし、その日本人がすでに自分の戸籍の筆頭に記載されているときは、新しい戸籍は作られません(同法第六条・第十六条第三項)。日本に住所のある中長期在留者や特別永住者などの外国人は、その市町村の住民票に記載されます。その住民票には、戸籍の表示の代わりに国籍などが記載され、中長期在留者であれば在留資格や在留期間も記載されます(住民基本台帳法第三十条の四十五)。これらにあたらない外国人は、住民票に記載されません(同法第三十九条)。
戸籍法第1条・第4条・第6条・第13条・第15条・第16条・第49条・第74条・第76条・第86条、住民基本台帳法第7条・第30条の45・第39条を参考にAIが作成。
条例
地方公共団体が自ら定めるきまりです。都道府県、市町村、東京都の特別区がそれぞれ定めます(地方自治法第一条の三・第二百八十一条・第二百八十三条)。住民が選挙した議員でつくる議会(同法第八十九条)の議決で制定され(同法第九十六条第一項第一号)、知事や市町村長などその団体の長(同法第百三十九条)が公布します(同法第十六条)。憲法は、地方公共団体が法律の範囲内で条例を制定できるとしており(日本国憲法第九十四条)、法律・政令・省令などの法令に違反することはできません(地方自治法第十四条第一項)。法令に特別の定めがある場合を除き、地方公共団体が人に義務を課したり権利を制限したりするには、条例によらなければなりません(同条第二項)。条例に違反した人に対する罰則も、同法が定める範囲で設けることができます(同条第三項)。条例はその地方公共団体の事務について定めるもの(同法第二条第二項・第十四条第一項)なので、同じ事柄でも地域によって扱いが違うことがあります。国の法令である省令(「施行規則」など)とは別のものです。
日本国憲法第94条、地方自治法第1条の3・第2条・第14条・第16条・第89条・第96条・第139条・第281条・第283条を参考にAIが作成。
内閣総理大臣
内閣の首長です。国会議員の中から国会の議決で指名され、天皇が任命します(第六十七条第一項・第六条第一項)。国務大臣を任意に任命し罷免することができ、その過半数は国会議員でなければなりません(第六十八条)。国務大臣は、その在任中、内閣総理大臣の同意がなければ訴追されません(第七十五条)。
日本国憲法第6条・第67条・第68条・第75条、Wikipedia「内閣総理大臣」を参考にAIが作成。
審査請求
行政庁の処分に不服がある者や、法令に基づいて処分の申請をしたのに相当の期間が経過しても行政庁が何の処分もしない(不作為)ときにその申請をした者が、行政庁に対して不服を申し立て、見直しを求めることです(行政不服審査法第二条・第三条)。法律(条例に基づく処分については、条例)に特別の定めがある場合を除き、処分をした行政庁(処分庁)や不作為に係る行政庁に上級行政庁がないとき、又はその行政庁が主任の大臣や一定の庁の長などであるときはその行政庁に、主任の大臣や一定の庁の長などが上級行政庁であるときはその大臣や長に、それ以外のときは最上級行政庁に対してします(同法第四条)。ほかの法律が、審査請求をする先の機関や手続について別の定めを置くこともあります(同法第一条第二項・第四条)。たとえば厚生年金保険法は、厚生労働大臣による被保険者の資格、標準報酬又は保険給付に関する処分(厚生年金保険原簿の訂正の請求についての決定を除きます)についての審査請求を社会保険審査官に対してするものとし、行政不服審査法の規定の多くを適用しないとしています(厚生年金保険法第九十条第一項・第九十一条の二)。行政不服審査法では、処分についての審査請求は、処分があったことを知った日の翌日から三か月(先に再調査の請求をしたときは、その決定があったことを知った日の翌日から一か月)を過ぎるとすることができず、処分(再調査の請求をしたときはその決定)があった日の翌日から一年を過ぎてもすることができません。ただし、正当な理由があるときは別です(行政不服審査法第十八条第一項・第二項)。審査請求をしても、それだけでは処分の効力や執行、手続の続行は止まりません(同法第二十五条第一項)。ただし、審査庁は、審査請求人の申立てにより(処分庁又はその上級行政庁である審査庁は職権でも)その全部又は一部を停止すること(執行停止)ができ、審査請求人の申立てがあった場合で、重大な損害を避けるために緊急の必要があるときは、公共の福祉に重大な影響を及ぼすおそれがあるときや本案に理由がないとみえるときを除き、執行停止をしなければなりません(同条第二項から第四項まで)。審査請求を受けた行政庁(審査庁)は、裁決で判断します。期間を過ぎたものなど不適法な審査請求は却下し、理由のないものは棄却し、理由のあるものは処分の全部若しくは一部を取り消し、又は変更します。ただし、審査請求人の不利益に変更することはできず、処分庁でも処分庁の上級行政庁でもない審査庁は処分を変更することができません(同法第四十五条第一項・第二項、第四十六条第一項、第四十八条)。事実上の行為についての審査請求に理由があるときは、裁決でその行為が違法又は不当であることを宣言し、その全部若しくは一部を撤廃し、若しくは変更するよう命じ、又は自ら撤廃し、若しくは変更します(同法第四十七条)。不作為についての審査請求に理由があるときは、審査庁は、裁決でその不作為が違法又は不当であることを宣言し、一定の処分をすべきと認めるときは、その処分をするよう命じ、又は自らその処分をします(同法第四十九条第三項)。処分が違法又は不当でも、取り消し、又は撤廃すると公の利益に著しい障害が生じるときは、そのことを裁決で宣言した上で審査請求を棄却することができます(同法第四十五条第三項)。裁決は、審査請求人に送達された時(処分の相手方以外の者がした審査請求について、処分を取り消し、若しくは変更し、又は事実上の行為について判断する裁決をするときは、審査請求人と処分の相手方の両方に送達された時)に効力を生じ、関係行政庁を拘束します(同法第五十一条第一項・第五十二条第一項)。
行政不服審査法第1条〜第4条・第18条・第25条・第45条〜第49条・第51条・第52条、厚生年金保険法第90条・第91条の2を参考にAIが作成。
特別区
都の区のことです(地方自治法第二百八十一条第一項)。今ある特別区は、東京都の二十三区だけです。特別区は、市町村と同じく住民に身近な地方公共団体(基礎的な地方公共団体)で、都が特別区のある区域全体でまとめて行う仕事を除き、ふつうは市町村が行う仕事を行います(同法第二百八十一条の二第二項)。市の仕事について定めた法令の規定は、その仕事を特別区が行う場合には特別区にも当てはまります(同法第二百八十一条第二項・第二百八十三条第二項)。そのまま当てはめにくいときは、政令で特別の定めを置くことができます(同法第二百八十三条第三項)。
地方自治法第281条・第281条の2・第283条、Wikipedia「特別区」を参考にAIが作成。