第八章 災害補償
Chapter VIII Accident Compensation
Article 75Medical Compensation
Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare prescribes the range of occupational illnesses and of medical treatment provided for in the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
前項に規定する業務上の疾病及び療養の範囲は、厚生労働省令で定める。
Article 76Compensation for Absence from Work
If a worker does not receive wages because the worker is unable to work due to medical treatment under the provisions of the preceding Article, the employer must pay compensation for that absence from work at the rate of 60 percent of the worker's average wage, while they are under treatment.
If the per capita average monthly amount of ordinary wages in each of the periods of January through March, April through June, July through September, and October through December (any such period is referred to below as a "quarter") that would be paid to workers at the same workplace who are engaged in the same type of work as the worker receiving compensation for an absence from work pursuant to the preceding paragraph if they worked the prescribed working hours (or, for a workplace where less than 100 workers are ordinarily employed, that quarter's average monthly amount, per worker, for salaries paid on a monthly basis in the industry to which that workplace belongs, as provided in the Monthly Labor Survey compiled by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; whichever amount applies is referred to below as the average salary) exceeds 120 percent of the average salary during the quarter, that includes the day on which the worker in question sustained an injury or contracted an illness at work, or falls below 80 percent of that amount, the employer must revise the amount of compensation for absence from work which is payable to the worker in question pursuant to the preceding paragraph, in accordance with that rate of increase or decrease two quarters after the quarter in which the increase or decrease occurred; and the employer must provide the revised amount of compensation for absence from work from the first month of the quarter, that includes the day on which it makes that revision; the same applies to revisions to a previously revised amount of compensation for an absence from work.
使用者は、前項の規定により休業補償を行つている労働者と同一の事業場における同種の労働者に対して所定労働時間労働した場合に支払われる通常の賃金の、一月から三月まで、四月から六月まで、七月から九月まで及び十月から十二月までの各区分による期間(以下四半期という。)ごとの一箇月一人当り平均額(常時百人未満の労働者を使用する事業場については、厚生労働省において作成する毎月勤労統計における当該事業場の属する産業に係る毎月きまつて支給する給与の四半期の労働者一人当りの一箇月平均額。以下平均給与額という。)が、当該労働者が業務上負傷し、又は疾病にかかつた日の属する四半期における平均給与額の百分の百二十をこえ、又は百分の八十を下るに至つた場合においては、使用者は、その上昇し又は低下した比率に応じて、その上昇し又は低下するに至つた四半期の次の次の四半期において、前項の規定により当該労働者に対して行つている休業補償の額を改訂し、その改訂をした四半期に属する最初の月から改訂された額により休業補償を行わなければならない。改訂後の休業補償の額の改訂についてもこれに準ずる。
Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare prescribes the means of making revisions when it is difficult to do so, pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and provides for other necessary particulars regarding revisions under the provisions of that paragraph.
Article 77Compensation for Disabilities
If a worker has sustained an injury, or has contracted an illness at work, and has a physical disability after recovery, the employer must pay compensation for that disability in the amount obtained from the average wage multiplied by the number of days stated in Appended Table 2 according to the degree of that disability.
Article 78Exceptions to Compensation for Absence from Work and to Compensation for Disabilities
If a worker sustains an injury or contracts an illness at work due to gross negligence on their part, and the employer has had that negligence acknowledged by the relevant government agency, the employer is not obligated to pay compensation to that worker for any absence from work or any resulting disabilities.
Article 79Compensation to the Bereaved Family
Article 80Funeral Expenses
Article 81Compensation for Discontinuation
If a worker receiving compensation pursuant to the provisions of Article 75 fails to recover from an injury or illness within 3 years from the date of commencement of medical treatment, the employer may pay compensation for discontinuation of that medical compensation, equivalent to 1,200 working days at the average wage; thereafter, the employer does not need to pay compensation under the provisions of this Act.
Article 82Payment of Compensation in Installments
If an employer demonstrates the ability to pay and obtains the consent of the person entitled to compensation, in lieu of the compensation under Article 77 or Article 79, the employer may pay compensation every year for six years, in the amount arrived at when the average wage is multiplied by the number of days stated in Appended Table 3.
Article 83Right to Receive Compensation
Article 84This Act's Relationship with Other Laws
If payments equivalent to accident compensation provided for in this Act are to be made under the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act (Act No. 50 of 1947) or under any other law or regulation designated by Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare regarding grounds for accident compensation provided for in this Act, the employer is exempt from the liability for providing compensation under this Act.
この法律に規定する災害補償の事由について、労働者災害補償保険法(昭和二十二年法律第五十号)又は厚生労働省令で指定する法令に基づいてこの法律の災害補償に相当する給付が行なわれるべきものである場合においては、使用者は、補償の責を免れる。
If an employer has provided compensation under this Act, it is exempt from liability for damages under the Civil Code based on the same grounds, up to the amount of that compensation.
Article 85Administrative Review and Arbitration
A persons who objects to an acknowledgment regarding an injury, illness, or death at work; to the means of medical treatment; to the determination of the amount of compensation; or to anything concerning the implementation of that compensation, may file a petition with the relevant government agency for an administrative review or for case arbitration.
業務上の負傷、疾病又は死亡の認定、療養の方法、補償金額の決定その他補償の実施に関して異議のある者は、行政官庁に対して、審査又は事件の仲裁を申し立てることができる。
If finding it necessary, the relevant government agency may undertake an administrative review, or arbitrate a case on its own authority.
行政官庁は、必要があると認める場合においては、職権で審査又は事件の仲裁をすることができる。
If a civil action has been filed regarding a case for which a person has filed a petition for administrative review or arbitration, pursuant to paragraph (1), or regarding a case for which the relevant government agency has commenced an administrative review or arbitration pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the relevant government agency does not conduct an administrative review or arbitration relating to that case
If finding it necessary to do so for an administrative review or arbitration, the relevant government agency may have a physician make a diagnosis or perform an examination.
行政官庁は、審査又は仲裁のために必要であると認める場合においては、医師に診断又は検案をさせることができる。
With regard to the postponement of completion and the renewal of prescription, an application for administrative review or arbitration under the provisions of paragraph (1) and the commencement of administrative review or arbitration under the provisions of paragraph (2) are deemed to be a judicial claim.
Article 86
A person who is dissatisfied with the results of an administrative review or arbitration under the provisions of the preceding Article may petition for an administrative review or arbitration by an industrial accident compensation insurance examiner.
前条の規定による審査及び仲裁の結果に不服のある者は、労働者災害補償保険審査官の審査又は仲裁を申し立てることができる。
The provisions of paragraph (3) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis when a person has filed a petition for an administrative review or arbitration pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 87Exceptions for Work Contracts
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the main contractor has by a written contract had a subcontractor assume liability for compensation, that subcontractor also constitutes an employer; provided, however, that the main contractor must not have two or more subcontractors assume liability for compensation regarding the same business.
In a case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the main contractor has received a request for compensation, it may request that a demand for compensation first be made to the subcontractor that has assumed liability for compensation; provided, however, that this does not apply if the subcontractor has become subject to an order commencing bankruptcy procedures or is missing.
前項の場合、元請負人が補償の請求を受けた場合においては、補償を引き受けた下請負人に対して、まづ催告すべきことを請求することができる。ただし、その下請負人が破産手続開始の決定を受け、又は行方が知れない場合においては、この限りでない。
Article 88Details of Compensation
Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare prescribes the details of compensation beyond what is provided for in this Chapter.
この章に定めるものの外、補償に関する細目は、厚生労働省令で定める。
略称規定第九条第一項
この法律で「労働者」とは、職業の種類を問わず、事業又は事務所(以下「事業」という。)に使用される者で、賃金を支払われる者をいう。
定義第十二条第一項・法令全体に適用
これを算定すべき事由の発生した日以前三箇月間にその労働者に対し支払われた賃金の総額を、その期間の総日数で除した金額
わかりやすく言うと
計算の理由が生じた日以前三か月間に支払われた賃金の総額を、その期間の総日数で割った金額です。日給や時間給、出来高払いなどの場合は、賃金の総額を働いた日数で割った額の百分の六十を下回ってはいけません。
損害賠償
他人に生じさせた損害を償うことです。債務者が債務の本旨に従った履行をしないときや履行ができないときは、債権者はこれによって生じた損害の賠償を請求でき(民法第四百十五条第一項。契約その他の債務の発生原因や取引上の社会通念に照らして債務者の責めに帰することができない事由によるときを除きます)、故意又は過失によって他人の権利や法律上保護される利益を侵害した者は、これによって生じた損害を賠償する責任を負います(同法第七百九条)。損害賠償は、特に取り決めがなければ金銭で支払い(同法第四百十七条・第七百二十二条第一項)、契約の当事者は債務不履行のときの賠償額をあらかじめ定めることができ、違約金は賠償額の予定と推定されます(同法第四百二十条第一項・第三項)。消費者契約法は、契約の解除に伴う損害賠償の額の予定や違約金のうち、これらを合わせた額が、条項で定めた解除の事由や時期などの区分ごとに、同種の消費者契約の解除に伴いその事業者に生ずべき平均的な損害の額を超える部分を無効としています(消費者契約法第九条第一項第一号)。
民法第415条・第417条・第420条・第709条・第722条、消費者契約法第9条を参考にAIが作成。
労働者災害補償保険審査官
労働保険審査官の一つで(労働保険審査官及び労働保険審査会法第一条)、各都道府県労働局に置かれ、厚生労働大臣が任命します。労働者災害補償保険法第三十八条第一項の審査請求の事件を扱い、公正かつ迅速に処理しなければなりません(労働保険審査官及び労働保険審査会法第二条・第二条の二・第三条・第四条)。審査請求は、処分があったことを知った日の翌日から三か月以内にしなければならず、正当な理由でできなかったことを示したときだけ例外になります(労働保険審査官及び労働保険審査会法第八条第一項)。保険給付に関する決定に不服のある人は、この審査官に審査請求をし、審査官の決定に不服があれば、労働保険審査会に再審査請求をすることができます(労働者災害補償保険法第三十八条第一項)。審査請求をした人は、審査請求をした日から三か月たっても決定がないときは、審査官が審査請求を棄却したものとみなすことができます(労働者災害補償保険法第三十八条第二項)。その処分の取消しを求める訴えは、審査官の決定を経た後でなければ起こせません(労働者災害補償保険法第四十条)。労働基準法では、業務上の負傷や疾病の認定、療養の方法、補償金額などの災害補償について行政官庁が行った審査や仲裁の結果に不服のある人が、この審査官に審査や仲裁を申し立てることができます(労働基準法第八十五条第一項・第八十六条第一項)。
労働保険審査官及び労働保険審査会法第1条・第2条・第2条の2・第3条・第4条・第8条、労働者災害補償保険法第38条・第40条、労働基準法第85条・第86条を参考にAIが作成。