消費者安全法
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第一章 総則
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1Purpose
The purpose of this Act is to provide for the Prime Minister's formulation of a basic policy so as to prevent Consumers from suffering harm in their lives as consumers and to ensure their safety, and this Act also aims to contribute to bringing about a society in which Consumers are assured of leading safe and fulfilling lives as consumers by providing for measures such as prefectural and municipal governments' implementation of consumer affairs consultations and other administrative processes, these governments' establishment of Consumer Affairs Centers, and the consolidation of information about Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents; the Consumer Safety Investigation Commission's investigations with regard to Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents; and measures to prevent instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, together with measures provided for under other relevant laws.
Article 2Definitions
The term "Consumer" as used in this Act means an individual (other than an individual engaging in a commercial, industrial, financial, or other business undertaking).
この法律において「消費者」とは、個人(商業、工業、金融業その他の事業を行う場合におけるものを除く。)をいう。
The term "Enterprise" as used in this Act means a person engaged in a commercial, industrial, financial, or other business undertaking (and is applicable to an individual only when the individual is engaging in such a business undertaking).
この法律において「事業者」とは、商業、工業、金融業その他の事業を行う者(個人にあっては、当該事業を行う場合におけるものに限る。)をいう。
The term "Ensuring Consumer Safety" as used in this Act means preventing Consumers from suffering harm in their lives as consumers and ensuring their safety.
この法律において「消費者安全の確保」とは、消費者の消費生活における被害を防止し、その安全を確保することをいう。
The term "Safe to Use" as used in this Act means the level of safety that a good or product (meaning a good or product that it is the business of an Enterprise to supply; an object, facility, or structure that an Enterprise provides or allows Consumers to use in order to further its business; an object, facility, or structure used in a service that it is the business of an Enterprise to provide; or an object, facility, or structure used in a service that an Enterprise provides in order to further its business; hereinafter the same applies) or a service (limited to a service that it is the business of an Enterprise to provide or one that it provides in order to further its business; hereinafter the same applies) should normally have when a Consumer uses that good or product (including eating or drinking it) or makes use of that service (hereinafter these activities are referred to as "Use"), given the characteristics of the good or product or the service, the normal and foreseeable ways in which Consumers will Use it, and other circumstances attending the good or product or the service.
The term "Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident" as used in this Act means an accident or circumstance as set forth in one of the following items:
この法律において「消費者事故等」とは、次に掲げる事故又は事態をいう。
an accident that occurs in association with a Consumer's Use of a good or product that it is the business of an Enterprise to supply; an object, facility, or structure that an Enterprise provides or allows Consumers to use in order to further its business; a service that it is the business of an Enterprise to provide; or a service that an Enterprise provides in order to further its business, in which the life or health of a Consumer is harmed to the extent provided by Cabinet Order (other than an accident that clearly was not caused by a deficiency in the good or product or the service involved in the accident in terms of it being Safe to Use);
a circumstance meeting the requirements provided by Cabinet Order for being regarded as a circumstance in which a Consumer's Use of a good or product or a service that is not Safe to Use is likely to cause an accident as set forth in the preceding item; and
any circumstance other than as set forth in the preceding two items, in which an Enterprise engages in deceitful or exaggerated advertising or any other action provided by Cabinet Order that is likely to wrongfully harm the interests of a Consumer or interfere with a Consumer's voluntary and rational choice-making.
The term "Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm" as used in this Act means an accident set forth in item (i) of the preceding paragraph or a circumstance set forth in item (ii) of that paragraph.
The term "Actual or Potential Serious Accident" as used in this Act means an accident or circumstance set forth in one of the following items:
この法律において「重大事故等」とは、次に掲げる事故又は事態をいう。
an accident as set forth in paragraph (5), item (i) which meets the requirements provided by Cabinet Order for being regarded as involving serious harm; and
第五項第一号に掲げる事故のうち、その被害が重大であるものとして政令で定める要件に該当するもの
a circumstance set forth in paragraph (5), item (ii) which meets the requirements provided by Cabinet Order for being regarded as likely to cause an accident as set forth in the preceding item.
The term "Circumstances Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers" as used in this Act means circumstances as set forth in paragraph (5), item (iii), in which dealings as follows that involve an action as set forth in paragraph (5), item (iii) are taken by an Enterprise, and this damages or is likely to damage the finances of a great number of Consumers:
unfair dealings that are prejudicial to the financial interests of the Consumer, in which the contents or terms and conditions indicated to the Consumer with respect to the goods, services, rights, or other subject of the dealings are significantly different from the actual contents or terms and conditions; or
unfair dealings, other than as set forth in the preceding item, which are prejudicial to the financial interests of the Consumer and which are provided by Cabinet Order.
Article 3Basic Principles
Policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety must be advanced through the prompt and efficient implementation of measures that are found to be necessary based on expert knowledge, with a view to preventing Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents from occurring and preventing instances of harm from Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents from increasing.
Policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety must be advanced with a view to contributing to enhancing convenience for the Consumer while taking care to ensure appropriate business conduct by Enterprises and responding correctly to the growing sophistication and diversification of Consumer needs and other changes in socioeconomic conditions.
Policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety must be advanced under the close cooperation of the national and local governments, in a way that allows local governments to fully exercise their autonomy and independence.
消費者安全の確保に関する施策の推進は、国及び地方公共団体の緊密な連携の下、地方公共団体の自主性及び自立性が十分に発揮されるように行われなければならない。
Article 4Responsibilities of the National and Local Governments
The national and local governments have a responsibility to formulate and implement policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety comprehensively, in conformity with the basic principles provided for in the preceding Article (hereinafter referred to as "the Basic Principles" in this Article).
In advancing policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety, the national and local governments must endeavor to leverage the abilities of persons with expertise, skills or experience in consumer affairs, in conformity with the Basic Principles.
In advancing policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety, the national and local governments must endeavor to take the necessary measures to disclose information about Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents, the necessary measures to incorporate Consumer opinions, and other measures, thereby ensuring the transparency of the process, in conformity with the Basic Principles.
In advancing policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety, the national and local governments must endeavor to assess policy effects (meaning the effects that a series of administrative actions that the government implements or seeks to implement based on those policies, have or are likely to have on Consumers' lives as consumers, on social and economic conditions, and on administrative management; the same applies in Article 6, paragraph (2), item (iv)), evaluate those effects based on their assessment, consider them in a timely and appropriate manner, and then take the necessary measures based on these considerations, in conformity with the Basic Principles.
In advancing policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety, the national and local governments must take care to ensure close cooperation among the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan, IAA (hereinafter referred to as "the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan"); the Consumer Affairs Centers as provided in Article 10-2, paragraph (1), item (i); prefectural police; fire departments (meaning the bodies set forth in the items of Article 9 of the Fire and Disaster Management Organization Act (Act No. 226 of 1947)); healthcare centers; hospitals; educational institutions; consumer affairs support groups and consumer affairs supporters defined in Article 11-7, paragraph (1); consumer groups; and other relevant parties, in conformity with the Basic Principles.
国及び地方公共団体は、消費者安全の確保に関する施策の推進に当たっては、基本理念にのっとり、独立行政法人国民生活センター(以下「国民生活センター」という。)、第十条の二第一項第一号に規定する消費生活センター、都道府県警察、消防機関(消防組織法(昭和二十二年法律第二百二十六号)第九条各号に掲げる機関をいう。)、保健所、病院、教育機関、第十一条の七第一項の消費生活協力団体及び消費生活協力員、消費者団体その他の関係者の間の緊密な連携が図られるよう配慮しなければならない。
The national and local governments must endeavor to deepen public understanding and gain their cooperation for Ensuring Consumer Safety, by promoting consumer education and conducting public relations activities, along with other relevant activities.
国及び地方公共団体は、消費者教育を推進し、及び広報活動その他の活動を行うことを通じて、消費者安全の確保に関し、国民の理解を深め、かつ、その協力を得るよう努めなければならない。
Article 5Efforts by Enterprises and Others
Enterprises and trade associations must make their own efforts to Ensure Consumer Safety, as well as endeavoring to cooperate with policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety that are implemented by the national and local governments.
In consideration of the fact that it is important for Consumers themselves to act independently and rationally in order to have a sense of security and lead safe and fulfilling lives as consumers, Consumers must endeavor to acquire the necessary knowledge and collect the necessary information about the quality or performance of the goods or products an Enterprise supplies or the services it provides, the contracts they must conclude with an Enterprise, and other information pertinent to their lives as consumers.
第二章 基本方針
Chapter II Basic Policy
Article 6Formulation of the Basic Policy
The Prime Minister must formulate a basic policy for Ensuring Consumer Safety (hereinafter referred to as "the Basic Policy").
内閣総理大臣は、消費者安全の確保に関する基本的な方針(以下「基本方針」という。)を定めなければならない。
The Basic Policy must establish the following particulars:
基本方針においては、次に掲げる事項を定めるものとする。
the particulars of what Ensuring Consumer Safety means;
消費者安全の確保の意義に関する事項
the basic details of policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety;
消費者安全の確保に関する施策に関する基本的事項
the basic details of cooperation with the relevant administrative organs in the implementation of measures for Ensuring Consumer Safety based on the provisions of any other law (including orders based on any other law; hereinafter the same applies);
他の法律(これに基づく命令を含む。以下同じ。)の規定に基づく消費者安全の確保に関する措置の実施についての関係行政機関との連携に関する基本的事項
the basic details of assessments of the effects of policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety and evaluation of those effects based on these assessments; and
any particular beyond what is set forth in the preceding items which is essential for Ensuring Consumer Safety.
The Basic Policy must be in conformity with the Basic Plan for Consumers as prescribed in Article 9, paragraph (1) of the Basic Consumer Act (Act No. 78 of 1968).
基本方針は、消費者基本法(昭和四十三年法律第七十八号)第九条第一項に規定する消費者基本計画との調和が保たれたものでなければならない。
Before beginning to formulate the Basic Policy, the Prime Minister must take the necessary measures to ensure that it will incorporate the views of Consumers and other relevant parties, as well as consulting with the heads of the relevant administrative organs and hearing the opinions of the Consumer Commission and the Consumer Safety Investigation Commission.
The Prime Minister must issue an announcement to the public without delay after formulating the Basic Policy.
内閣総理大臣は、基本方針を定めたときは、遅滞なく、これを公表しなければならない。
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to amendments to the Basic Policy.
Article 7Proposals by the Prefectural Governors
A prefectural governor may submit a proposal to the Prime Minister for an amendment to the Basic Policy that will advance policies for Ensuring Consumer Safety, based on knowledge obtained through the performance of administrative processes set forth in the items of paragraph (1) of the following Article (hereinafter in this Article, this is referred to as "Proposing" an amendment). To do so, the prefectural governor must include a draft of the amendment to the Basic Policy that the governor is Proposing.
If an amendment is Proposed and, after hearing the opinions of the Consumer Commission and the Consumer Safety Investigation Commission, the Prime Minister finds it necessary to amend the Basic Policy based on the amendment that has been Proposed (meaning to amend the Basic Policy in a way that fully or partially reproduces the draft of the amendment to the Basic Policy that the governor is Proposing; the same applies in the following paragraph), the Prime Minister must amend the Basic Policy without delay.
If an amendment is Proposed and, after hearing the opinions of the Consumer Commission and the Consumer Safety Investigation Commission, the Prime Minister finds it not to be necessary to amend the Basic Policy based on the amendment that has been Proposed, the Prime Minister must notify the prefectural governor who Proposed the amendment of the decision not to make the amendment, giving the reasons for that decision, without delay.
第一節 消費生活相談等の事務の実施
Section 1 Implementation of Consumer Affairs Consultations and Other Administrative Processes
第八条(都道府県及び市町村による消費生活相談等の事務の実施)
Article 8Implementation of Consumer Affairs Consultations and Other Administrative Processes by Prefectural and Municipal Governments
Prefectural governments are to perform the following administrative processes:
都道府県は、次に掲げる事務を行うものとする。
coordinating communication among municipal governments, providing necessary advice, cooperating, providing information, and giving other assistance to municipal governments in their performance of the administrative processes set forth in the items of the following paragraph;
次項各号に掲げる市町村の事務の実施に関し、市町村相互間の連絡調整及び市町村に対する必要な助言、協力、情報の提供その他の援助を行うこと。
performing the following main administrative processes for Ensuring Consumer Safety:
消費者安全の確保に関し、主として次に掲げる事務を行うこと。
handling any request for a consultation involving a Consumer complaint against an Enterprise which requires a broader perspective than that of the municipal area;
mediating any processing of a Consumer complaint against an Enterprise which requires a broader perspective than that of the municipal area;
implementing any necessary investigation or analysis to assess the status or movements of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident which requires expert knowledge and skill;
消費者事故等の状況及び動向を把握するために必要な調査又は分析であって、専門的な知識及び技術を必要とするものを行うこと。
collecting information that is necessary for Ensuring Consumer Safety from a broader perspective than that of the municipal area, and providing it to local residents.
各市町村の区域を超えた広域的な見地から、消費者安全の確保のために必要な情報を収集し、及び住民に対し提供すること。
exchanging information about the occurrence of Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents with the municipal governments;
市町村との間で消費者事故等の発生に関する情報を交換すること。
coordinating communication with relevant organizations to Ensure Consumer Safety; and
消費者安全の確保に関し、関係機関との連絡調整を行うこと。
administrative processes incidental to those set forth in the preceding items.
前各号に掲げる事務に附帯する事務を行うこと。
Municipal governments are to perform the following administrative processes:
市町村は、次に掲げる事務を行うものとする。
handling requests for consultations involving Consumer complaints against Enterprises in order to Ensure Consumer Safety;
mediation for the settlement of Consumer complaints against Enterprises in order to Ensure Consumer Safety;
collecting information that is necessary for Ensuring Consumer Safety and providing it to local residents;
消費者安全の確保のために必要な情報を収集し、及び住民に対し提供すること。
exchanging information about the occurrence of Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents with the prefectural governments;
都道府県との間で消費者事故等の発生に関する情報を交換すること。
coordinating communication with relevant organizations to Ensure Consumer Safety; and
消費者安全の確保に関し、関係機関との連絡調整を行うこと。
administrative processes incidental to those set forth in the preceding items.
前各号に掲げる事務に附帯する事務を行うこと。
If a municipal government deals with the administrative processes set forth in the items of the preceding paragraph in cooperation with another municipal government or entrusts another municipal government with the administrative processes, the prefectural government may conduct necessary coordination between relevant municipal governments to meet the requests from the relevant municipal governments.
都道府県は、市町村が前項各号に掲げる事務を他の市町村と共同して処理しようとする場合又は他の市町村に委託しようとする場合は、関係市町村の求めに応じ、市町村相互間における必要な調整を行うことができる。
Any of prefectural officials who engage or engaged in the administrative processes set forth in the items of paragraph (1) and municipal officials who engage or engaged in the administrative processes set forth in the items of paragraph (2) must not divulge any confidential information learned in the course of those administrative processes.
Article 8-2Entrustment of Consumer Affairs Consultations and Other Administrative Processes
Each prefectural government may entrust part of the administrative processes set forth in paragraph (1), item (i) of the preceding Article (excluding the coordination of communication among municipal governments) and the administrative processes set forth in items (ii) to (v) of that paragraph to those who satisfy the standards provided by Cabinet Office Order as those who can carry out the administrative processes appropriately.
都道府県は、前条第一項第一号に掲げる事務(市町村相互間の連絡調整に係る部分を除く。)及び同項第二号から第五号までに掲げる事務の一部を、その事務を適切に実施することができるものとして内閣府令で定める基準に適合する者に委託することができる。
Each municipal government may entrust part of the administrative processes set forth in the items of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article to those who satisfy the standards provided by Cabinet Office Order as those who can carry out the administrative processes appropriately.
市町村は、前条第二項各号に掲げる事務の一部を、その事務を適切に実施することができるものとして内閣府令で定める基準に適合する者に委託することができる。
Any of those who have been entrusted with any administrative processes pursuant to the preceding two paragraphs, its officer or personnel, and those who formerly held those positions must not divulge any confidential information learned in the course of the administrative processes entrusted thereto.
前二項の規定により事務の委託を受けた者若しくはその役員若しくは職員又はこれらの職にあった者は、当該委託に係る事務に関して知り得た秘密を漏らしてはならない。
Article 9Assistance by the National Government and the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan
The national government and the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan are to provide the prefectural and municipal governments with information, train staff to engage in the relevant administrative processes, and give other necessary assistance for implementing the administrative processes set forth in the items of paragraphs (1) and (2) of Article 8.
第二節 消費生活センターの設置等
Section 2 Establishment of Consumer Affairs Centers
Article 10Establishment of Consumer Affairs Centers
A prefectural government must establish an institution or organization that meets the following requirements in order to perform the administrative processes set forth in the items of Article 8, paragraph (1):
都道府県は、第八条第一項各号に掲げる事務を行うため、次に掲げる要件に該当する施設又は機関を設置しなければならない。
it engages consumer affairs consultants to do the administrative processes set forth in Article 8, paragraph (1), item (ii) (a) and (b);
消費生活相談員を第八条第一項第二号イ及びロに掲げる事務に従事させるものであること。
it has the appropriate electronic data processing systems and other equipment to efficiently perform the administrative processes set forth in the items of Article 8, paragraph (1);
第八条第一項各号に掲げる事務の効率的な実施のために適切な電子情報処理組織その他の設備を備えているものであること。
it conforms to any other standard provided by Cabinet Order as being necessary to the appropriate performance of the administrative processes set forth in the items of Article 8, paragraph (1).
その他第八条第一項各号に掲げる事務を適切に行うために必要なものとして政令で定める基準に適合するものであること。
If necessary, a municipal government must endeavor to establish an institution or organization that meets the following requirements, in order to perform the administrative processes set forth in the items of Article 8, paragraph (2):
市町村は、必要に応じ、第八条第二項各号に掲げる事務を行うため、次に掲げる要件に該当する施設又は機関を設置するよう努めなければならない。
it engages consumer affairs consultants to do the administrative processes set forth in Article 8, paragraph (2), items (i) and (ii);
it has the appropriate electronic data processing systems and other equipment to efficiently perform the administrative processes set forth in the items of Article 8, paragraph (2); and
第八条第二項各号に掲げる事務の効率的な実施のために適切な電子情報処理組織その他の設備を備えているものであること。
it conforms to any other standard provided by Cabinet Order as being necessary to the appropriate performance of administrative processes set forth in the items of Article 8, paragraph (2).
その他第八条第二項各号に掲げる事務を適切に行うために必要なものとして政令で定める基準に適合するものであること。
Municipal governments other than the ones that have established the institutions or organizations set forth in the preceding paragraph pursuant to that paragraph must endeavor to employ consumer affairs consultants to engage in the administrative processes set forth in Article 8, paragraph (2), items (i) and (ii).
Article 10-2Organization and Operation of Consumer Affairs Centers
The prefectural government and municipal government that have established the institutions or organizations mentioned in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article must establish the following particulars in their respective ordinances:
都道府県及び前条第二項の施設又は機関を設置する市町村は、次に掲げる事項について条例で定めるものとする。
particulars regarding the organization and operation of Consumer Affairs Centers (meaning the institution or organization described in paragraph (1) or (2) of the preceding Article; the same applies in the following paragraph and Article 47, paragraph (2));
particulars regarding the safety management of information obtained in the course of the administrative processes set forth in the items of paragraph (1) or (2) of Article 8; and
other particulars provided by Cabinet Office Order.
その他内閣府令で定める事項
If the prefectural government or municipal government that has established a Consumer Affairs Center enacts an ordinance pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the prefectural government or municipal government is to refer to the standards provided by Cabinet Office Order for dealing with Consumer complaints against Enterprises appropriately and promptly.
Article 10-3Requirements for Consumer Affairs Consultants
Consumer affairs consultants are to be those who have passed the qualification examination for consumer affairs consultants held by the Prime Minister or corporations registered by the Prime Minister (hereinafter referred to as "a Registered Testing Organization") or those who have been accredited by the prefectural governors or municipal mayors as those who possess expertise and skills at the same level as or a higher level than the passers of the examination.
消費生活相談員は、内閣総理大臣若しくは内閣総理大臣の登録を受けた法人(以下「登録試験機関」という。)の行う消費生活相談員資格試験に合格した者又はこれと同等以上の専門的な知識及び技術を有すると都道府県知事若しくは市町村長が認める者でなければならない。
Consumer affairs consultants must endeavor to improve their knowledge and skills related to consumer affairs consultations (meaning consultation and mediation involving a Consumer complaint against an Enterprise implemented by prefectural or municipal governments in accordance with Article 8, paragraph (1), item (ii) (a) and (b) or paragraph (2), items (i) and (ii); hereinafter the same applies), in order to adapt to the changes in business affairs due to the changes in the environment surrounding consumer affairs.
The aim of the qualification examination for consumer affairs consultants mentioned in paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "the Exam") is to test whether examinees possess the knowledge and skills required for offering consumer affairs consultations. The subjects covered by the Exam are as follows:
subjects covering the characteristics of the goods, products and services, how they are used, and other matters on goods, products and services being Safe to Use;
subjects covering the laws and regulations for consumer administration;
消費者行政に関する法令に関する科目
subjects covering the practice of consumer affairs consultations; and
消費生活相談の実務に関する科目
other subjects provided by Cabinet Office Order.
その他内閣府令で定める科目
A person planning to take the Exam (excluding the examinations held by Registered Testing Organizations) must pay fees to the national government with a method provided by Cabinet Office Order.
Beyond what is provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, the procedures for taking the Exam and other particulars are as provided by Cabinet Office Order.
Article 10-4Designated Consumer Affairs Consultants
The prefectural governors must endeavor to select those who can give advice, cooperate, provide information, and offer other assistance as provided in Article 8, paragraph (1), item (i) for carrying out the administrative processes of municipal governments set forth in Article 8, paragraph (2), items (i) and (ii) from consumer affairs consultants of the prefectural governments who have passed the Exam and possess the practical work experience as consumer affairs consultants provided by Cabinet Office Order, and designate those selected as designated consumer affairs consultants, in order to support municipal governments in conducting administrative processes for consumer affairs consultations.
Article 11Securing Staff to Engage in Administrative Processes, such as Consumer Affairs Consultations
The prefectural and municipal governments must endeavor to secure consumer affairs consultants and staff to engage in the administrative processes set forth in the items of Article 8, paragraph (1) or (2) and to improve the qualifications thereof, by adequately compensating consumer affairs consultants, training them, appointing and fostering full-time staff members, and taking other measures.
第三節 地方公共団体の長に対する情報の提供
Section 3 Provision of Information to the Heads of Local Governments
Article 11-2
The Prime Minister may provide the heads of local governments with the information on purchasers who require special care for consumer affairs and other information provided by Cabinet Office Order regarding the local residents of the local governments as long as the information is necessary for Ensuring Consumer Safety, when requested by the heads of local governments, pursuant to Cabinet Office Order provisions.
内閣総理大臣は、内閣府令で定めるところにより、地方公共団体の長からの求めに応じ、消費者安全の確保のために必要な限度において、当該地方公共団体の長に対し、消費生活上特に配慮を要する購入者に関する情報その他の内閣府令で定める情報で、当該地方公共団体の住民に関するものを提供することができる。
The head of a local government may provide the head of another local government with information obtained in the course of administrative processes for consumer affairs consultations concerning the local residents of the local government, as long as the information is necessary for Ensuring Consumer Safety, when requested by the head of another local government, pursuant to the Cabinet Office Order provisions.
The president of the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan may provide the head of a local government with information obtained in the course of mediation for processing a complaint between an Enterprise and a Consumer and information obtained in the course of business for the consultation involving the complaint concerning the local residents of the local government, as long as the information is necessary for Ensuring Consumer Safety, when requested by the head of the local government, pursuant to the Cabinet Office Order provisions.
第四節 消費者安全の確保のための協議会等
Section 4 Council for Ensuring Consumer Safety
Article 11-3Local Council for Ensuring the Safety of Consumers
Any organizations of the national and local governments engaging in the administrative processes for protecting and enhancing the interests of a Consumer (hereinafter referred to as "Relevant Institutions" in this Article) may organize a local council for ensuring the safety of consumers composed of Relevant Institutions for the purpose of effectively and smoothly implementing measures for Ensuring Consumer Safety in the territory of the local governments (hereinafter referred to as "Council").
The Relevant Institutions that organize a Council pursuant to the preceding paragraph may add hospitals, educational institutions, consumer affairs support groups or consumer affairs supporters mentioned in Article 11-7, paragraph (1), and other relevant parties as the members of the Council, when such an addition is considered necessary.
Article 11-4Administrative Processes of Councils
A Council is to exchange necessary information and discuss measures for Ensuring Consumer Safety, in order to achieve the aim described in the preceding Article.
The members of a Council (referred to as "Members" in the following paragraph) are to adequately correspond with Consumers who require special care for consumer affairs, monitor the situation thereof, and take other necessary measures in order to Ensure Consumer Safety, in accordance with the results of the discussion mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
If a Council finds it necessary to do so for exchanging information or having discussions as provided in paragraph (1), or other Members make a request regarding a Member's activities for Ensuring Consumer Safety or as provided by Cabinet Office Order, a Council may request Members to provide information on Consumers who require special care for consumer affairs, state an opinion, or cooperate as necessary.
Article 11-5Duty of Confidentiality
Article 11-6Particulars Provided by a Council
Beyond what is provided for in the preceding three Articles, all necessary particulars for the organization and operation of a Council are to be provided by the Council.
Article 11-7Consumer Affairs Support Groups and Consumer Affairs Supporters
The heads of local governments may appoint consumer affairs support groups or consumer affairs supporters from private-sector entities or individuals that conduct activities for protecting or enhancing the interests of a Consumer.
地方公共団体の長は、消費者の利益の擁護又は増進を図るための活動を行う民間の団体又は個人のうちから、消費生活協力団体又は消費生活協力員を委嘱することができる。
Consumer affairs support groups and consumer affairs supporters are to carry out the following activities:
消費生活協力団体及び消費生活協力員は、次に掲げる活動を行う。
to deepen local residents' understanding for Ensuring Consumer Safety;
消費者安全の確保に関し住民の理解を深めること。
to provide local residents who engage in activities for Ensuring Consumer Safety with information on the activities and other cooperation to the residents;
消費者安全の確保のための活動を行う住民に対し、当該活動に関する情報の提供その他の協力をすること。
to provide local governments with necessary information for Ensuring Consumer Safety and necessary cooperation to the measures implemented by the national or local governments; and
消費者安全の確保のために必要な情報を地方公共団体に提供することその他国又は地方公共団体が行う施策に必要な協力をすること。
beyond what is provided for in the preceding three items, to conduct activities for Ensuring Consumer Safety in each region provided by Cabinet Office Order.
The heads of local governments must endeavor to hold training and take other necessary measures so that consumer affairs support groups and consumer affairs supporters will contribute to the activities set forth in the items of the preceding paragraph.
地方公共団体の長は、消費生活協力団体及び消費生活協力員に対し、前項各号に掲げる活動に資するよう、研修の実施その他の必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
Article 11-8Duty of Confidentiality
Any of the officers or personnel of consumer affairs support groups or consumer affairs supporters or those who were any of them must not divulge any confidential information learned in the course of the activities set forth in the items of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article.
消費生活協力団体の役員若しくは職員若しくは消費生活協力員又はこれらの者であった者は、前条第二項各号に掲げる活動に関して知り得た秘密を漏らしてはならない。
第五節 登録試験機関
Section 5 Registered Testing Organizations
Article 11-9Registration of Testing Organizations
The registration of a testing organization mentioned in Article 10-3, paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as "Registration") is to be conducted after a person planning to conduct the tasks for implementing a test (hereinafter referred to as "Testing Tasks") applies.
Article 11-10Provisions for Disqualification
If a person who has applied for the Registration pursuant to the preceding Article (hereinafter referred to as "an Applicant for Registration" in paragraph (1) of the following Article) falls under one of the following items, the Prime Minister must not register the Applicant for Registration:
the person concerned had violated this Act or the provisions of any order under this Act and had been convicted, and the execution of a sentence was completed or the execution of a sentence was cancelled less than two years ago;
この法律又はこの法律に基づく命令に違反し、刑に処せられ、その執行を終わり、又は執行を受けることがなくなった日から二年を経過しない者
the person concerned was deregistered pursuant to Article 11-22 less than two years ago; or
Article 11-11Requirements for Registration
If an Applicant for Registration satisfies all of the following requirements, the Prime Minister must register the Applicant for Registration. To do so, the necessary procedures for completing Registration are provided by Cabinet Office Order:
an Applicant for Registration holds the Exam for the subjects set forth in the items of Article 10-3, paragraph (3);
examiners who have knowledge and experience that satisfy any of the following conditions produce questions for the Exam and check whether examinees possess necessary knowledge and skills for serving as consumer affairs consultants:
次に掲げる条件のいずれかに適合する知識経験を有する試験委員が問題の作成並びに受験者が消費生活相談員として必要な知識及び技術を有するかどうかの判定を行うこと。
a person who is serving or served as a professor or associate professor who gives lectures about civil laws, administrative laws, or economics in a college or university under the School Education Act (Act No. 26 of 1947);
学校教育法(昭和二十二年法律第二十六号)による大学において民事法学、行政法学若しくは経済学に関する科目を担当する教授若しくは准教授の職にあり、又はこれらの職にあった者
a person who is working or worked as personnel of the national or a local government and possesses expertise of the subjects set forth in the items of Article 10-3, paragraph (3);
国又は地方公共団体の職員又は職員であった者で、第十条の三第三項各号に掲げる科目について専門的な知識を有する者
a person who has the experience of engaging in consumer affairs consultations for 5 or more years;
消費生活相談に五年以上従事した経験を有する者
a person who has knowledge and experience at the same level as or a higher level than the persons set forth in (a) to (c);
イからハまでに掲げる者と同等以上の知識及び経験を有する者
an administrator exclusively for ensuring the reliability of the Exam is employed and a section exclusively for managing Testing Tasks has been established; and
the Applicant for Registration is not insolvent.
債務超過の状態にないこと。
Registration is to be completed when the following particulars are written in the registry of a Registered Testing Organization:
登録は、登録試験機関登録簿に次に掲げる事項を記載してするものとする。
date and number of Registration;
登録年月日及び登録番号
name, address, and representative's name of a Registered Testing Organization;
登録を受けた者の名称及び住所並びに代表者の氏名
details of the Testing Tasks of a Registered Testing Organization;
location of the place of business where a Registered Testing Organization conducts the Testing Tasks; and
beyond what is provided for in the preceding items, other particulars provided by Cabinet Office Order.
前各号に掲げるもののほか、内閣府令で定める事項
Article 11-12Updating Registrations
A Registration becomes invalid if it is not updated within the timeframe of between five and ten years (inclusive) as provided by Cabinet Order.
登録は、五年以上十年以内において政令で定める期間ごとにその更新を受けなければ、その期間の経過によって、その効力を失う。
The provisions of the preceding three Articles apply mutatis mutandis to the update of a Registration as mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
Article 11-13Ensuring Reliability
A Registered Testing Organization must produce documents regarding the management of Testing Tasks (including the protection of confidential information on the Exam and the criteria for passing the Exam) and take measures for ensuring the reliability of Testing Tasks provided by Cabinet Office Order.
A Registered Testing Organization must hold the Exam fairly, in accordance with the procedures of the Exam mentioned in Article 10-3, paragraph (5).
Article 11-14Notification on Changes to Registered Particulars
When a Registered Testing Organization changes any particulars set forth in Article 11-11, paragraph (2), items (ii) to (v), the organization must notify the Prime Minister of the change at least two weeks prior to making the change.
登録試験機関は、第十一条の十一第二項第二号から第五号までに掲げる事項を変更しようとするときは、変更しようとする日の二週間前までに、その旨を内閣総理大臣に届け出なければならない。
Article 11-15Regulations for Testing Tasks
A Registered Testing Organization must enact regulations regarding Testing Tasks (hereinafter referred to as "Regulations for Testing Tasks"), and obtain the approval of the Prime Minister before the start of the Testing Tasks. When Regulations for Testing Tasks are to be revised, the Registered Testing Organization concerned must obtain the approval of the Prime Minister.
Regulations for Testing Tasks must provide for the methods of implementing the Testing Tasks, measures for ensuring the reliability of the Exam, fees for taking the Exam, and other particulars provided by Cabinet Office Order.
If the Prime Minister finds that Regulations for Testing Tasks approved in accordance with paragraph (1) have become inappropriate for holding the Exam fairly, the Prime Minister may order the Registered Testing Organization concerned to revise the Regulations for Testing Tasks.
Article 11-16Suspension and Discontinuance of Testing Tasks
A Registered Testing Organization must not suspend or discontinue all or part of Testing Tasks without obtaining the permission of the Prime Minister.
Article 11-17Storage and Browsing of Financial Statements
A Registered Testing Organization must produce the list of assets, the balance sheet, and the profit-and-loss statement or the income and expenditure statement and business reports (including electromagnetic records (meaning records used in computer data processing, which are created in electronic form, magnetic form, or any other form that is impossible to perceive through the human senses alone; hereinafter the same applies in this Article), if any; referred to as "Financial Statements, etc." in the following paragraph and Article 57) for each fiscal year within three months after the end of the fiscal year, and store Financial Statements, etc. at the office thereof for five years.
Examinees and other stakeholders may make any of the following requests anytime during the operating hours of a Registered Testing Organization; provided, however, that in order to make the request described in item (ii) or (iv), it is necessary to pay the fees set by the Registered Testing Organization:
a request for the browsing or copying of Financial Statements, etc. in written format, if any;
財務諸表等が書面をもって作成されているときは、当該書面の閲覧又は謄写の請求
a request for the copies or abridged copies of the written Financial Statements, etc. mentioned in the preceding item;
前号の書面の謄本又は抄本の請求
a request for the browsing or copying of the electronic or magnetic records of Financial Statements, etc. displayed by means as provided by Cabinet Office Order, in the case where Financial Statements, etc. have been produced in an electromagnetic format; and
a request for the provision of some particulars of the electronic or magnetic records mentioned in the previous item by electronic or magnetic means (meaning using an electronic data processing system and using other information communications technology; the same applies in Article 12, paragraph (4)) provided by Cabinet Office Order or the issuance of a document including the particulars.
Article 11-18Examiners
If a Registered Testing Organization appoints examiners, the organization must notify the Prime Minister of the appointment without delay. If the appointment is changed, the organization must notify the Prime Minister without delay.
登録試験機関は、試験委員を選任したときは、遅滞なく、内閣総理大臣にその旨を届け出なければならない。これを変更したときも、同様とする。
If an examiner violates this Act, the provisions of any order or administrative measures under this Act, or Regulations for Testing Tasks, or commits an extremely improper act in Testing Tasks, the Prime Minister may order the Registered Testing Organization concerned to dismiss the examiner.
Those who were dismissed from the post of an examiner due to the order pursuant to the preceding paragraph less than two years ago may not become an examiner.
前項の規定による命令により試験委員の職を解任され、解任の日から二年を経過しない者は、試験委員となることができない。
Article 11-19Duty of Confidentiality
Any of those who are or were the officers or personnel (including examiners; the same applies in the following paragraph) of a Registered Testing Organization must not divulge any confidential information learned in the course of the Testing Tasks.
The officers or personnel of a Registered Testing Organization engaged in Testing Tasks are deemed to be officials engaged in public services pursuant to laws and regulations, for the purpose of applying the Penal Code (Act No. 45 of 1907) and other penal provisions.
試験業務に従事する登録試験機関の役員又は職員は、刑法(明治四十年法律第四十五号)その他の罰則の適用については、法令により公務に従事する職員とみなす。
Article 11-20Orders to Comply
If the Prime Minister finds that a Registered Testing Organization does not comply with any of the items of Article 11-11, paragraph (1), the Prime Minister may order the Registered Testing Organization to take necessary measures to comply with the provisions.
内閣総理大臣は、登録試験機関が第十一条の十一第一項各号のいずれかに適合しなくなったと認めるときは、当該登録試験機関に対し、これらの規定に適合するため必要な措置をとるべきことを命ずることができる。
Article 11-21Order to Improve
If the Prime Minister finds that a Registered Testing Organization violates the provisions of Article 11-13, the Prime Minister may order the Registered Testing Organization to take necessary measures for carrying out Testing Tasks in accordance with Article 11-13 or improving testing methods and related activities.
Article 11-22Deregistration
If a Registered Testing Organization falls under item (i) or (iii) of Article 11-10, the Prime Minister must deregister the Registered Testing Organization.
If a Registered Testing Organization falls under one of the following items, the Prime Minister may deregister the Registered Testing Organization or order the Registered Testing Organization to suspend all or part of its Testing Tasks while specifying a period of suspension:
a Registered Testing Organization violates Article 11-14, Article 11-16, Article 11-17, paragraph (1) or the following Article;
第十一条の十四、第十一条の十六、第十一条の十七第一項又は次条の規定に違反したとき。
a Registered Testing Organization conducts Testing Tasks without following Regulations for Testing Tasks approved in accordance with Article 11-15, paragraph (1);
第十一条の十五第一項の認可を受けた試験業務規程によらないで試験業務を行ったとき。
a Registered Testing Organization violates an order pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-15, paragraph (3), Article 11-18, paragraph (2) or the preceding two Articles;
第十一条の十五第三項、第十一条の十八第二項又は前二条の規定による命令に違反したとき。
a Registered Testing Organization refuses a request pursuant to the provisions of the items of Article 11-17, paragraph (2) without a legitimate reason; or
正当な理由がないのに第十一条の十七第二項各号の規定による請求を拒んだとき。
a Registered Testing Organization is registered by fraudulent means.
不正の手段により登録を受けたとき。
Article 11-23Recording in Ledgers
A Registered Testing Organization must prepare ledgers pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order, write the particulars regarding Testing Tasks provided by Cabinet Office Order in the ledgers, and store the ledgers.
Article 11-24Reports and On-Site Investigations
If the Prime Minister finds it necessary to do so for ensuring the proper implementation of Testing Tasks, the Prime Minister may ask a Registered Testing Organization to make any necessary report on the situation of Testing Tasks or have the relevant officials enter the office of the Registered Testing Organization, conduct the necessary investigations or ask the necessary questions regarding the situation of Testing Tasks, equipment, ledgers, documents, and other material.
Pursuant to the preceding paragraph, when the relevant officials enter the office, the officials must carry identification and produce it if requested by any person concerned.
前項の規定により職員が立ち入るときは、その身分を示す証明書を携帯し、関係者の請求があるときは、これを提示しなければならない。
The authority under the provisions of paragraph (1) must not be construed as having been accorded for the purpose of a criminal investigation.
第一項の規定による権限は、犯罪捜査のために認められたものと解してはならない。
Article 11-25Implementation of Testing Tasks by the Prime Minister
After Registration, the Prime Minister must not conduct Testing Tasks.
The Prime Minister may conduct all or part of Testing Tasks, if there are no Registered Testing Organizations, the suspension or discontinuance of all or part of Testing Tasks is permitted pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-16, Registration is cancelled pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-22, the Prime Minister orders a Registered Testing Organization to suspend all or part of Testing Tasks pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-22, paragraph (2), it becomes difficult for a Registered Testing Organization to implement all or part of Testing Tasks due to natural disaster or other reasons, or it is considered necessary.
The succession of Testing Tasks and other necessary particulars in cases where the Prime Minister carries out all or part of Testing Tasks pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is provided by Cabinet Office Order.
Article 11-26Public Announcements
In the following cases, the Prime Minister must make an announcement through the Official Gazette:
内閣総理大臣は、次に掲げる場合には、その旨を官報に公示しなければならない。
Registration is conducted;
登録をしたとき。
a notification pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-14 is submitted;
第十一条の十四の規定による届出があったとき。
permission pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-16 is given;
第十一条の十六の規定による許可をしたとき。
Registration is cancelled pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-22 or the Prime Minister orders a Registered Testing Organization to suspend all or part of Testing Tasks pursuant to the provisions of Article 11-22, paragraph (2); and
pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the Prime Minister conducts all or part of Testing Tasks or stops doing so.
第四章 消費者事故等に関する情報の集約等
Chapter IV Consolidation of Information about Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents
Article 12Notifying the Prime Minister with Information about the Occurrence of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident
On being informed that an Actual or Potential Serious Accident has occurred, the head of an administrative organ, the prefectural governor, the municipal mayor, or the president of the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan must notify the Prime Minister of this, give the Prime Minister an outline of the Actual or Potential Serious Accident, and notify the Prime Minister of the particulars provided by Cabinet Office Order immediately, and pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order.
On being informed that an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident (other than an Actual or Potential Serious Accident) has occurred and finding it to be likely, in light of the form of the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, the characteristics of the good or product or the service involved in the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, and other circumstances of the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, that instances of harm from the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident will increase or that the same or a similar type of Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident will occur, the head of an administrative organ, the prefectural governor, the municipal mayor, or the president of the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan must notify the Prime Minister that the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident has occurred, give the Prime Minister an outline of the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, and notify the Prime Minister of other information provided by Cabinet Office Order, in accordance with Cabinet Office Order.
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs do not apply if the person that is required to notify is:
前二項の規定は、その通知をすべき者が次の各号のいずれかに該当するときは、適用しない。
a person set forth in the former portion of one of sub-items (a) through (d) below who, pursuant to the provisions of any other law, must notify or report to the person set forth in the latter portion of the applicable sub-item with regard to the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident:
次のイからニまでに掲げる者であって、それぞれイからニまでに定める者に対し、他の法律の規定により、当該消費者事故等の発生について通知し、又は報告しなければならないこととされているもの
the head of an administrative organ:the Prime Minister;
行政機関の長 内閣総理大臣
a prefectural governor:the head of an administrative organ;
都道府県知事 行政機関の長
a municipal mayor:the head of an administrative organ or the prefectural governor;
市町村長 行政機関の長又は都道府県知事
the president of the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan:the head of an administrative organ.
国民生活センターの長 行政機関の長
a person who is informed of the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident by another person (other than one falling under the preceding item) who is required to notify the Prime Minister of the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident pursuant to one of the preceding two paragraphs; or
any person (other than one falling under the preceding two items) provided by Cabinet Office Order as being equivalent to the persons set forth in the preceding two items.
In a case as referred to in paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), if, in lieu of notifying the Prime Minister pursuant to the provisions of those paragraphs, the head of the administrative organ, prefectural governor, municipal mayor, or president of the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan inputs necessary information into the Practical Living Information Online Network System (an electronic data processing system that connects computers used by the head of the administrative organ, organizations of local governments, the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan and other people designated by Cabinet Office Order via telecommunications lines, which is installed and managed by the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order for accumulating and using information on consumer affairs) or takes the measures provided by Cabinet Office Order to put the information into a form that the Prime Minister and any other person who it is decided must give the notice can inspect by electronic or magnetic means, the notice is deemed to have been made.
第一項又は第二項の場合において、行政機関の長、都道府県知事、市町村長及び国民生活センターの長が、これらの規定による通知に代えて、全国消費生活情報ネットワークシステム(行政機関の長、地方公共団体の機関、国民生活センターその他内閣府令で定める者の使用に係る電子計算機を相互に電気通信回線で接続した電子情報処理組織であって、消費生活に関する情報を蓄積し、及び利用するために、内閣府令で定めるところにより国民生活センターが設置し、及び管理するものをいう。)への入力その他内閣総理大臣及び当該通知をしなければならないこととされている者が電磁的方法を利用して同一の情報を閲覧することができる状態に置く措置であって内閣府令で定めるものを講じたときは、当該通知をしたものとみなす。
The national government and National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan are to give advice and other necessary assistance to local governments for notifying smoothly and surely pursuant to the provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2).
Article 13Consolidation and Analysis of Information about Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents
The Prime Minister is to consolidate and analyze the information of which the Prime Minister is notified pursuant to paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) of the preceding Article and other information about Actual and Potential Consumer-Related Incidents promptly and reliably, and to compile the results of this so that the information can be used effectively for Ensuring Consumer Safety.
The Prime Minister is to provide the results compiled pursuant to the preceding paragraph to the relevant administrative organs, relevant local governments, and the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan, as well as reporting them to the Consumer Commission.
The Prime Minister must disclose the results compiled pursuant to paragraph (1) to the public.
内閣総理大臣は、第一項の規定により取りまとめた結果を公表しなければならない。
The Prime Minister must report the results compiled pursuant to paragraph (1) to the Diet.
内閣総理大臣は、国会に対し、第一項の規定により取りまとめた結果を報告しなければならない。
Article 14Requests for Materials to Be Submitted
If the Prime Minister finds it necessary for consolidating and analyzing information and for compiling the results of this pursuant to paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Prime Minister may ask the head of the relevant administrative organ, the head of the relevant local government, the president of the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan, and other relevant persons (hereinafter referred to as "the Head of the Relevant Administrative Organ" in Article 35 and Article 38, paragraph (2)) to provide materials, state an opinion, carry out an examination, analysis, or inspection to investigate the cause of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, or otherwise cooperate as necessary.
If the Prime Minister finds it necessary to do so in order to prevent an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident from occurring or in order to prevent instances of harm from an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident from increasing, the Prime Minister may ask the governor of the relevant prefecture or the mayor of the relevant municipality for the necessary reports on the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident.
内閣総理大臣は、消費者事故等の発生又は消費者事故等による被害の拡大の防止を図るため必要があると認めるときは、関係都道府県知事又は関係市町村長に対し、消費者事故等に関して必要な報告を求めることができる。
第一節 消費者安全調査委員会
Section 1 The Consumer Safety Investigation Commission
Article 15Establishment of an Investigation Commission
The Consumer Safety Investigation Commission (hereinafter referred to as "Investigation Commission") is hereby established in the Consumer Affairs Agency.
消費者庁に、消費者安全調査委員会(以下「調査委員会」という。)を置く。
Article 16Administrative Processes under the Jurisdiction of the Investigation Commission
The Investigation Commission manages the administrative processes set forth in the following items:
調査委員会は、次に掲げる事務をつかさどる。
carrying out any investigation for clarifying the cause of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm (excluding an aircraft accident, etc. as provided in Article 2, paragraph (2) of the Act to Establish a Japan Transport Safety Board (Act No. 113 of 1973); a railway accident, etc. as provided in paragraph (4) of that Article; or a marine accident, etc. as provided in paragraph (6) of that Article; hereinafter the same applies except in item (iv) below and in Article 33) or for clarifying the source of harm from an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Cause or Source" of an actual or potential accident) (hereinafter such an investigation is referred to as an "Investigation into the Cause or Source" of an actual or potential accident);
evaluating the results of any investigation or monitoring by another administrative organ (other than the Japan Transport Safety Board) or any investigation or monitoring by the local government under the provisions of the law (or under the provisions of any order under the law; hereinafter the same applies in this Article) with regard to an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm (or evaluating the results of any investigation or monitoring with regard to an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, which is implemented by any other person that it is decided pursuant to the provisions of the law is to implement all or part of the investigation or monitoring, if this is the case; hereinafter referred to as an "Investigation or Monitoring by Another Administrative Organ or Entity") to determine whether the Cause or Source of the actual or potential accident has been clarified (hereinafter this is simply referred to as making an "Evaluation");
recommending that the Prime Minister create policies or take measures in order to prevent instances of harm from Actual or Potential Accidents Involving Bodily Harm from increasing or in order to prevent the same or a similar type of Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm from occurring, based on the results of an Investigation into the Cause or Source of the actual or potential accident or based on the results of an Evaluation of the results of an Investigation or Monitoring by Another Administrative Organ or Entity (hereinafter referred to as an "Investigation or Evaluation");
事故等原因調査又は他の行政機関等による調査等の結果の評価(以下「事故等原因調査等」という。)の結果に基づき、生命身体事故等による被害の拡大又は当該生命身体事故等と同種若しくは類似の生命身体事故等の発生の防止のため講ずべき施策又は措置について内閣総理大臣に対し勧告すること。
stating an opinion to the Prime Minister or the head of the relevant administrative organ about the policies or measures that should be taken in order to prevent instances of harm from an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm from increasing or in order to prevent the same or a similar type of Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm from occurring;
生命身体事故等による被害の拡大又は当該生命身体事故等と同種若しくは類似の生命身体事故等の発生の防止のため講ずべき施策又は措置について内閣総理大臣又は関係行政機関の長に意見を述べること。
conducting the necessary underlying investigations and research for performing the administrative processes set forth in the preceding items; and
前各号に掲げる事務を行うために必要な基礎的な調査及び研究を行うこと。
any administrative processes beyond what is set forth in the preceding items which the Investigation Commission is given to manage pursuant to the law.
Article 17Exercise of Authority
Members of the Investigation Commission exercise their authority independently.
調査委員会の委員は、独立してその職権を行う。
Article 18Structure
The Investigation Commission comprises a maximum of seven members.
調査委員会は、委員七人以内で組織する。
Temporary members may be appointed to the Investigation Commission if it is necessary to appoint the members in order to have them investigate and deliberate on a particular matter.
調査委員会に、特別の事項を調査審議させるため必要があるときは、臨時委員を置くことができる。
Expert members may be appointed to the Investigation Commission if it is necessary to appoint these members in order to have them investigate a specialized matter.
調査委員会に、専門の事項を調査させるため必要があるときは、専門委員を置くことができる。
Article 19Appointment of Members
The Prime Minister appoints members and temporary members from among persons whom it is found will be able to reach scientific and fair judgments when carrying out the administrative processes under the jurisdiction of the Investigation Commission.
委員及び臨時委員は、調査委員会の所掌事務の遂行につき科学的かつ公正な判断を行うことができると認められる者のうちから、内閣総理大臣が任命する。
The Prime Minister appoints expert members from among persons with extensive insight into the specialized matter in question.
専門委員は、当該専門の事項に関して優れた識見を有する者のうちから、内閣総理大臣が任命する。
Article 20Terms of Office of Members
A member's term of office is two years; provided, however, that the term of office of a member that has been substituted into office is the remaining term of the predecessor.
委員の任期は、二年とする。ただし、補欠の委員の任期は、前任者の残任期間とする。
Members may be reappointed.
委員は、再任されることができる。
A temporary member is to be dismissed at the end of the investigation and deliberation on the particular matter with regard to which that temporary member was appointed.
臨時委員は、その者の任命に係る当該特別の事項に関する調査審議が終了したときは、解任されるものとする。
An expert member is to be dismissed at the end of the investigation into the specialized matter with regard to which that expert member was appointed.
専門委員は、その者の任命に係る当該専門の事項に関する調査が終了したときは、解任されるものとする。
Members, temporary members, and expert members serve under part-time contracts.
委員、臨時委員及び専門委員は、非常勤とする。
Article 21Chairperson
The Investigation Commission employs a chairperson, whom the members elect from among themselves.
調査委員会に委員長を置き、委員の互選により選任する。
The chairperson presides over the affairs of the Investigation Commission and represents the Investigation Commission.
委員長は、調査委員会の会務を総理し、調査委員会を代表する。
A member designated by the chairperson in advance acts as a proxy in handling the duties of the chairperson if the chairperson is unable to attend to them.
委員長に事故があるときは、あらかじめその指名する委員が、その職務を代理する。
Article 22Restrictions on Engagement in Duties
If the Investigation Commission finds that the chairperson or a member, temporary member, or expert member is likely to be connected to the Cause or Source of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm which is subject to an Investigation or Evaluation, or finds that the person is closely related to a person with such a connection, the Investigation Commission must not allow the chairperson, member, temporary member, or expert member to engage in the Investigation or Evaluation.
A chairperson, member, or temporary member as referred to in the preceding paragraph must not attend any meeting of the Investigation Commission concerning the relevant Investigation or Evaluation.
第二節 事故等原因調査等
Section 2 Investigations and Evaluations
Article 23Investigations into the Cause or Source of an Actual or Potential Accident
If the Investigation Commission finds it to be necessary to clarify the Cause or Source of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm in order to prevent instances of bodily harm from occurring or increasing (meaning to prevent instances of harm from an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm from increasing or to prevent the same or a similar type of Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm from occurring; hereinafter the same applies), it is to Investigate the Cause or Source of the actual or potential accident; provided, however, that this does not apply if the necessary results have been or are expected to be obtained from an Investigation or Monitoring by Another Administrative Organ or Entity into an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm through which the Investigation Commission considers the Cause or Source of the actual or potential accident can be clarified with a view to Ensuring Consumer Safety.
The Investigation Commission may take the administrative measures set forth below to the extent that doing so is necessary to allow it to Investigate the Cause or Source of an actual or potential accident:
collecting reports from persons with a connection to an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm (hereinafter referred to as "Persons Involved in the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm"), which includes any person found to have a connection to the Cause or Source of the actual or potential accident (referred to in the next item and Article 30 as a "Person Linked to the Cause or Source" of the actual or potential accident) and any person that attempts to save a person's life on the occasion of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm;
entering the scene of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, the office of a Person Linked to the Cause or Source thereof, or any other place it finds to be necessary; examining the good or product, books, documents, or other materials relevant to an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm (hereinafter referred to as a "Relevant Material"); and interrogating any Person Involved in the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm;
生命身体事故等の現場、原因関係者の事務所その他の必要と認める場所に立ち入って、商品等、帳簿、書類その他の生命身体事故等に関係のある物件(以下「関係物件」という。)を検査し、又は生命身体事故等関係者に質問すること。
asking a Person Involved in an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm to appear, and interrogating them;
生命身体事故等関係者に出頭を求めて質問すること。
asking the owner, holder, or custodian of a Relevant Material to produce it, or taking custody of a material so produced;
関係物件の所有者、所持者若しくは保管者に対しその提出を求め、又は提出物件を留め置くこと。
ordering the owner, holder, or custodian of a Relevant Material to keep it safe or prohibiting such a person from relocating it; and
関係物件の所有者、所持者若しくは保管者に対しその保全を命じ、又はその移動を禁止すること。
prohibiting entry into the site of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm to persons other than those entering on official duty and those whose entry the Investigation Commission finds unproblematic.
If the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to do so, it may have the chairperson, a member, or an expert member take the administrative measures set forth in one of the items of the preceding paragraph.
A person taking an administrative measure set forth in paragraph (2), item (ii) pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph must carry identification and show it to the Person Involved in an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, upon request.
前項の規定により第二項第二号に掲げる処分をする者は、その身分を示す証明書を携帯し、かつ、生命身体事故等関係者の請求があるときは、これを提示しなければならない。
The authority to take an administrative measure under paragraph (2) or paragraph (3) must not be construed as having been granted for the purpose of a criminal investigation.
Article 24Evaluation of the Results of an Investigation or Monitoring by Another Administrative Organ or Entity
If an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm has occurred and the Investigation Commission finds it to be necessary to clarify the Cause or Source of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm in order to prevent instances of bodily harm from occurring or increasing, it must Evaluate the results of any Investigation or Monitoring by Another Administrative Organ or Entity as provided in the proviso to paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, once these results have been obtained.
If, as a result of the Evaluation referred to in the preceding paragraph, the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to do so with a view to Ensuring Consumer Safety, it may state its opinion to the head of the administrative organ in charge of the administrative processes involved in the Investigation or Monitoring by the Other Administrative Organ or Entity, with regard to its clarification of the Cause or Source of the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm.
If, as a result of the Evaluation referred to in paragraph (1), the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to implement an investigation in order to clarify the Cause or Source of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm with a view to Ensuring Consumer Safety, the Investigation Commission is to Investigate the Cause or Source of that actual or potential accident.
The head of an administrative organ in charge of the administrative processes involved in the Investigation or Monitoring by Another Administrative Organ or Entity referred to in paragraph (1) may hear the Investigation Commission's opinions with regard to the Investigation or Monitoring by the Other Administrative Organ or Entity.
第一項の他の行政機関等による調査等に関する事務を所掌する行政機関の長は、当該他の行政機関等による調査等に関して調査委員会の意見を聴くことができる。
Article 25Entrustment of Investigations or Evaluations
If the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to do so in order to implement an Investigation or Evaluation, it may entrust an incorporated administrative agency as provided in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies (Act No. 103 of 1999), a general incorporated association or general incorporated foundation, an Enterprise or other private-sector entity, or a person with the relevant knowledge and experience, with part of the administrative processes for implementing the investigation or research in an Investigation or Evaluation.
It is prohibited for a person entrusted with administrative processes pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, its officer or personnel, or a person that has held one of these positions to divulge any confidential information learned in the course of the administrative processes entrusted thereto.
前項の規定により事務の委託を受けた者若しくはその役員若しくは職員又はこれらの職にあった者は、当該委託に係る事務に関して知り得た秘密を漏らしてはならない。
A person entrusted with administrative processes pursuant to paragraph (1), or the officer or personnel in charge of the administrative processes under entrustment, is deemed to be an official engaged in public services pursuant to laws and regulations, for the purpose of applying the Penal Code and other penal provisions.
Article 26Reporting Information about the Occurrence of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm
If the Prime Minister is notified with information about the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm pursuant to Article 12, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or is otherwise informed of the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, the Prime Minister must promptly report this to the Investigation Commission.
Article 27Assistance by the Prime Minister
If the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to do so in order for it to Investigate the Cause or Source of an actual or potential accident, it may ask the Prime Minister to assist it with fact finding, to assist it with collecting materials, or to provide it with any other assistance it needs in connection with an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm.
If the Prime Minister finds it necessary to do so after being asked to provide assistance under provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister may have the relevant officials take the administrative measures set forth in Article 23, paragraph (2), item (ii).
内閣総理大臣は、前項の規定による援助を求められた場合において、必要があると認めるときは、その職員に第二十三条第二項第二号に掲げる処分をさせることができる。
If the Prime Minister finds it necessary to do so after learning of the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, the Prime Minister must engage in fact finding, collect materials, or take any other appropriate measures in connection with an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm so that the Investigation Commission can commence an Investigation into the Cause or Source thereof smoothly.
If the Prime Minister finds it necessary to do so in order to take a measure under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister may have the relevant officials take an administrative measure set forth in one of the items of Article 23, paragraph (2).
The provisions of Article 23, paragraph (4) and paragraph (5) apply mutatis mutandis if an official takes an administrative measure pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) or the preceding paragraph.
Article 28Filing for an Investigation or Evaluation
Any person that considers an Investigation or Evaluation to be necessary in order to prevent instances of bodily harm from occurring or increasing may submit a filing asserting this to the Investigation Commission and ask it to implement an Investigation or Evaluation. To do so, the person must include a document that gives the details of the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm to which the filing pertains, details the necessity of the Investigation or Evaluation, and gives the particulars provided by Cabinet Office Order, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order.
Having received a filing under the preceding paragraph, the Investigation Commission must make the necessary reviews and implement an Investigation or Evaluation if it finds this necessary based on the results thereof.
If the victim submits a filing pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), or if the victim has died or suffers from a serious physical or mental disorder and the victim's spouse, lineal relative, or sibling (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Victim or Family Member" in this paragraph) submits a filing pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), and the filing relates to an accident as set forth in Article 2, paragraph (7), item (i) in which the filer has personally sustained an injury or contracted an illness or in which the filer's spouse, lineal relative, or sibling has died, sustained an injury, or contracted an illness, the Investigation Commission must notify the Victim or Family Member promptly if it decides to implement the Investigation or Evaluation; and if it decides not to implement an Investigation or Evaluation, it must notify the Victim or Family Member of this promptly, giving the reason therefor.
Article 29Notice upon Receipt of a Filing
If the Investigation Commission is informed that an Actual or Potential Serious Accident has occurred through a filing under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, it must notify the Prime Minister of this, give the Prime Minister an outline of the Actual or Potential Serious Accident, and notify the Prime Minister of the particulars provided by Cabinet Office Order, immediately and pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order.
If the Investigation Commission is informed that an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm (other than an Actual or Potential Serious Accident) has occurred through a filing under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article and finds it to be likely, in light of the form of the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, the characteristics of the good or product or the service involved in the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, and other circumstances of the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, that instances of harm from the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm will increase or that the same or a similar type of Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm will occur, it must notify the Prime Minister that the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm has occurred, give the Prime Minister an outline of the Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, and notify the Prime Minister of the particulars provided by Cabinet Office Order, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order.
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs do not apply if the Investigation Commission receives the filing under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article from a person that is required to notify the Prime Minister under the provisions of Article 12, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2).
Article 30Hearing the Opinions of Persons Linked to the Cause or Source of an Actual or Potential Accident
The Investigation Commission must give Persons Linked to the Cause or Source of an actual or potential accident the opportunity to express their opinions before completing the Investigation into the Cause or Source thereof.
Article 31Written Reports
The Investigation Commission must compile a written report giving the following information about an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm, submit it to the Prime Minister, and disclose it to the public, after completing the Investigation into the Cause or Source:
the progression of the Investigation into the Cause or Source;
事故等原因調査の経過
the facts that were found;
認定した事実
the reasons for making those findings of fact;
事実を認定した理由
the Cause or Source; and
any other necessary information.
その他必要な事項
In compiling a written report as referred to in the preceding paragraph, the Investigation Commission is to add a supplementary note to the report detailing any minority opinion.
If the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to do so because of circumstances that are expected to make it difficult to complete the Investigation into the Cause or Source of an actual or potential accident within one year from commencing it or due to any other reason, it is to report on the progression of the Investigation into the Cause or Source to the Prime Minister and disclose this to the public even before completing the Investigation into the Cause or Source.
第三節 勧告及び意見の陳述
Section 3 Recommendations and Statements of Opinions
Article 32Recommendations to the Prime Minister
Once the Investigation Commission completes an Investigation or Evaluation, it may recommend that the Prime Minister create policies or take measures to prevent instances of bodily harm from occurring or increasing if it finds this necessary.
The Prime Minister must notify the Investigation Commission of any policy created or measure taken based on a recommendation under the preceding paragraph.
Article 33Statement of Opinions
If the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to do so with a view to Ensuring Consumer Safety, it may state an opinion to the Prime Minister or to the head of the relevant administrative organ with regard to the policies that should be created or the measures that should be taken to prevent instances of harm from an Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm from increasing or to prevent the same or a similar type of Actual or Potential Accident Involving Bodily Harm from occurring.
第四節 雑則
Section 4 Miscellaneous Provisions
Article 34Provision of Information
In implementing an Investigation or Evaluation, the Investigation Commission is to remain fully considerate of the feelings of the victims and their families or survivors, and is to provide them with information about the Investigation or Evaluation in a timely and appropriate manner.
Article 35Cooperation of the Relevant Administrative Organs
If the Investigation Commission finds it necessary to do so in order for it to perform the administrative processes under its jurisdiction, it may ask the Head of the Relevant Administrative Organ to provide materials, state an opinion, or implement any analysis or inspection necessary to clarify the Cause or Source of an actual or potential accident, or to otherwise provide it with necessary cooperation.
Article 36Delegation to Cabinet Order
Anything beyond what is provided for in this Act which needs to be prescribed with regard to the Investigation Commission is provided by Cabinet Order.
この法律に定めるもののほか、調査委員会に関し必要な事項は、政令で定める。
Article 37Prohibition of Adverse Treatment
No person is to be subjected to a discharge from employment or other adverse treatment on the grounds of having acted in conformity with an administrative measure under the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (2) or paragraph (3) or Article 27, paragraph (2) or paragraph (4), or on the grounds of having made a filing pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph (1).
第六章 消費者被害の発生又は拡大の防止のための措置
Chapter VI Measures to Prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing
Article 38Consumer Alerts, etc.
If, having been notified pursuant to Article 12, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or pursuant to Article 29, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or having been otherwise informed of the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, the Prime Minister finds it necessary to alert Consumers in order to prevent instances of harm from Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incidents from increasing or in order to prevent the same or a similar type of Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident from occurring (hereinafter referred to as preventing "Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing"), the Prime Minister is to provide the prefectural and municipal governments with information about the form of the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, the extent of harm from the Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, and other information to help prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, and is to disclose this information to the public.
If, having been notified pursuant to Article 12, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or pursuant to Article 29, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or having been otherwise informed of the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, the Prime Minister finds it to be appropriate to do so in order to prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister may provide the Head of the Relevant Administrative Organ with information to help prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing.
If the Prime Minister discloses information to the public pursuant to paragraph (1), beyond asking that measures be taken pursuant to Article 44, paragraph (1) of the Act on the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan, Independent Administrative Agency (Act No. 123 of 2002), the Prime Minister may ask the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan to take the necessary measures to provide Consumers with the information to help prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing which is referred to in paragraph (1).
内閣総理大臣は、第一項の規定による公表をした場合においては、独立行政法人国民生活センター法(平成十四年法律第百二十三号)第四十四条第一項の規定によるほか、国民生活センターに対し、第一項の消費者被害の発生又は拡大の防止に資する情報の消費者に対する提供に関し必要な措置をとることを求めることができる。
The provisions of Article 44, paragraph (2) of the Act on the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan, Independent Administrative Agency apply mutatis mutandis to a case as referred to in the preceding paragraph.
独立行政法人国民生活センター法第四十四条第二項の規定は、前項の場合について準用する。
Article 39Requests to Implement Measures Based on the Provisions of Any Other Law
If there are measures based on any other law that can be taken to prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, and if, having been notified pursuant to Article 12, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or pursuant to Article 29, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) or having been otherwise informed of the occurrence of an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, the Prime Minister finds it to be necessary to promptly implement those measures in order to prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister may ask the minister with jurisdiction over the administrative processes involved in the implementation of those measures to promptly implement those measures.
After asking for the prompt implementation of measures pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister may ask the minister referred to in that paragraph to report on the status of the measures' implementation.
Article 40Issuing Admonitions and Orders to Enterprises
If an Actual or Potential Serious Accident occurs because a good or product or a service is not Safe to Use (except when there are measures based on the provisions of any other law that can be taken to prevent instances of harm from Actual or Potential Serious Accidents from increasing or to prevent Actual or Potential Serious Accidents with the same cause from occurring (hereinafter referred to as "Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing")), and the Prime Minister finds it necessary to do so in order to prevent Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister may admonish an Enterprise that supplies or provides the good or product (including any good or product sharing the part, manufacturing method, or other feature that caused the relevant good or product not to be Safe to Use; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) or the service, or that allows Consumers to use it, to effect the necessary servicing, repairs, remodeling, labeling for safe methods of use, or improvements in the way the service is provided, and to take any other necessary measures with respect to the good or product or the service.
内閣総理大臣は、商品等又は役務が消費安全性を欠くことにより重大事故等が発生した場合(当該重大事故等による被害の拡大又は当該重大事故等とその原因を同じくする重大事故等の発生(以下「重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大」という。)の防止を図るために実施し得る他の法律の規定に基づく措置がある場合を除く。)において、重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るため必要があると認めるときは、当該商品等(当該商品等が消費安全性を欠く原因となった部品、製造方法その他の事項を共通にする商品等を含む。以下この項において同じ。)又は役務を供給し、提供し、又は利用に供する事業者に対し、当該商品等又は役務につき、必要な点検、修理、改造、安全な使用方法の表示、役務の提供の方法の改善その他の必要な措置をとるべき旨を勧告することができる。
If an Enterprise that has been issued an admonishment under the preceding paragraph fails to take the measures as admonished, is without a legitimate reason for failing to do so, and the Prime Minister finds it particularly necessary in order to prevent Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister may order the Enterprise to take the measures as admonished.
内閣総理大臣は、前項の規定による勧告を受けた事業者が、正当な理由がなくてその勧告に係る措置をとらなかった場合において、重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るため特に必要があると認めるときは、当該事業者に対し、その勧告に係る措置をとるべきことを命ずることができる。
If the Prime Minister finds that an order as referred to in the preceding paragraph is no longer necessary because it has become possible to take measures based on the provisions of any other law so as to prevent Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing or due to any other circumstances, the Prime Minister is to change or rescind the order under that paragraph.
内閣総理大臣は、重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るために他の法律の規定に基づく措置が実施し得るに至ったことその他の事由により前項の命令の必要がなくなったと認めるときは、同項の規定による命令を変更し、又は取り消すものとする。
If Circumstances Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers occur (except when there are measures based on the provisions of any other law that can be taken to prevent instances of harm from the Circumstances Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers from increasing or to prevent the same or a similar type of Circumstances Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers from occurring (hereinafter referred to as "Instances of Harm from Circumstances That Are Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers from Occurring or Increasing" in this Article)) and the Prime Minister finds it necessary to do so in order to prevent Instances of Harm from Circumstances That Are Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister may admonish the Enterprise that caused the Circumstances Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers to occur to cease and desist the unfair dealings that are prejudicial to the financial interests of the Consumer or to take other necessary measures.
内閣総理大臣は、多数消費者財産被害事態が発生した場合(当該多数消費者財産被害事態による被害の拡大又は当該多数消費者財産被害事態と同種若しくは類似の多数消費者財産被害事態の発生(以下この条において「多数消費者財産被害事態による被害の発生又は拡大」という。)の防止を図るために実施し得る他の法律の規定に基づく措置がある場合を除く。)において、多数消費者財産被害事態による被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るため必要があると認めるときは、当該多数消費者財産被害事態を発生させた事業者に対し、消費者の財産上の利益を侵害することとなる不当な取引の取りやめその他の必要な措置をとるべき旨を勧告することができる。
If an Enterprise that has been issued an admonishment pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph fails to take the measures as admonished, is without a legitimate reason for failing to do so, and the Prime Minister finds it particularly necessary in order to prevent Instances of Harm from Circumstances That Are Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister may order the Enterprise to take the measures as admonished.
内閣総理大臣は、前項の規定による勧告を受けた事業者が、正当な理由がなくてその勧告に係る措置をとらなかった場合において、多数消費者財産被害事態による被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るため特に必要があると認めるときは、当該事業者に対し、その勧告に係る措置をとるべきことを命ずることができる。
If the Prime Minister finds that an order as referred to in the preceding paragraph is no longer necessary because it has become possible to take measures based on the provisions of any other law so as to prevent Instances of Harm from Circumstances That Are Financially Damaging to a Great Number of Consumers from Occurring or Increasing or due to any other circumstances, the Prime Minister is to change or rescind the order under that paragraph.
内閣総理大臣は、多数消費者財産被害事態による被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るために他の法律の規定に基づく措置が実施し得るに至ったことその他の事由により前項の命令の必要がなくなったと認めるときは、同項の規定による命令を変更し、又は取り消すものとする。
Before issuing an order under the provisions of paragraph (2) or paragraph (5) or changing or rescinding an order under the provisions of paragraph (3) or the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister must hear the opinions of the Consumer Commission.
Upon issuing an order under paragraph (2) or paragraph (5) or changing or rescinding an order under paragraph (3) or paragraph (6), the Prime Minister must disclose this to the public.
Article 41Prohibitions and Restrictions on Transferring
If an Actual or Potential Serious Accident has occurred because a good or product is not Safe to Use, and there is imminent danger of instances of harm from that Actual or Potential Serious Accident increasing or imminent danger of an Actual or Potential Serious Accident with the same cause occurring (except when there are measures based on the provisions of any other law that can be taken to prevent Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing), and the Prime Minister finds it particularly necessary to do so in order to prevent Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister may designate a period of up to six months in which persons are prohibited or restricted from transferring or delivering the good or product (including any good or product sharing the part, manufacturing method, or other feature that caused the relevant good or product not to be Safe to Use) or using it in their services as their business or to further their business, within the necessary limits.
内閣総理大臣は、商品等が消費安全性を欠くことにより重大事故等が発生し、かつ、当該重大事故等による被害が拡大し、又は当該重大事故等とその原因を同じくする重大事故等が発生する急迫した危険がある場合(重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るために実施し得る他の法律の規定に基づく措置がある場合を除く。)において、重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大を防止するため特に必要があると認めるときは、必要な限度において、六月以内の期間を定めて、当該商品等(当該商品等が消費安全性を欠く原因となった部品、製造方法その他の事項を共通にする商品等を含む。)を事業として又は事業のために譲渡し、引き渡し、又は役務に使用することを禁止し、又は制限することができる。
If the Prime Minister finds that the prohibition or restriction referred to in the preceding paragraph is no longer necessary because it has become possible to take measures based on the provisions of any other law so as to prevent Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing or due to other circumstances, the Prime Minister is to cancel all or part of the prohibition or restriction under that paragraph.
内閣総理大臣は、重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るために他の法律の規定に基づく措置が実施し得るに至ったことその他の事由により前項の禁止又は制限の必要がなくなったと認めるときは、同項の規定による禁止又は制限の全部又は一部を解除するものとする。
Before implementing a prohibition or restriction under paragraph (1) or cancelling all or part of a prohibition or restriction under the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister must hear the opinions of the Consumer Commission.
A prohibition or restriction under paragraph (1), or the cancellation of all or part of a prohibition or restriction under paragraph (2) is implemented through the issuance of public notice in the Official Gazette, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order.
Article 42Ordering a Recall
If an Enterprise violates a prohibition or restriction under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Prime Minister may order the Enterprise to recall the goods or products it has transferred or delivered in violation of the prohibition or restriction, and to take any other measures that are necessary to prevent the relevant good or product from causing Instances of Serious Bodily Harm from Occurring or Increasing.
内閣総理大臣は、事業者が前条第一項の規定による禁止又は制限に違反した場合においては、当該事業者に対し、禁止又は制限に違反して譲渡し、又は引き渡した商品又は製品の回収を図ることその他当該商品等による重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大を防止するため必要な措置をとるべきことを命ずることができる。
Article 43Recommendations by the Consumer Commission
If the Consumer Commission finds it necessary to do so in light of information it has obtained from a Consumer or Enterprise, the head of a relevant administrative organ, or another party, or in light of other information about an Actual or Potential Consumer-Related Incident, it may make the necessary recommendations to the Prime Minister for preventing Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing.
消費者委員会は、消費者、事業者、関係行政機関の長その他の者から得た情報その他の消費者事故等に関する情報を踏まえて必要があると認めるときは、内閣総理大臣に対し、消費者被害の発生又は拡大の防止に関し必要な勧告をすることができる。
After making a recommendation pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Consumer Commission may ask the Prime Minister to report on the measures taken based on the recommendation.
消費者委員会は、前項の規定により勧告をしたときは、内閣総理大臣に対し、その勧告に基づき講じた措置について報告を求めることができる。
Article 44Requests from the Prefectural Governors
If a prefectural governor finds it necessary to do so in order to prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing within the prefectural territory, the governor may request that the Prime Minister implement the necessary measures to Ensure Consumer Safety. To do so, the prefectural governor must include a document that gives the details of and reasons for the measures being requested.
都道府県知事は、当該都道府県の区域内における消費者被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るため必要があると認めるときは、内閣総理大臣に対し、消費者安全の確保に関し必要な措置の実施を要請することができる。この場合においては、当該要請に係る措置の内容及びその理由を記載した書面を添えなければならない。
If the Prime Minister receives a request under the provisions of the preceding paragraph (hereinafter referred to as a "Request for Measures" in this Article) but there are measures based on the provisions of any other law that can be taken to prevent Instances of Harm to Consumers from Occurring or Increasing, the Prime Minister must pass along the document referred to in the preceding paragraph to the minister with jurisdiction over the administrative processes involved in the implementation of those measures.
内閣総理大臣は、前項の規定による要請(以下この条において「措置要請」という。)を受けた場合において、消費者被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るために実施し得る他の法律の規定に基づく措置があるときは、当該措置の実施に関する事務を所掌する大臣に同項の書面を回付しなければならない。
The minister to whom a document is passed along pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph must notify the Prime Minister without delay upon deciding to implement measures that put into effect all or part of the substance of the measures requested in the Request for Measures; and must notify the Prime Minister without delay and give the reasons therefor upon deciding that it is unnecessary to implement measures that put into effect all or part of the substance of the measures requested in the Request for Measures.
On being notified pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister must notify the prefectural governor making the Request for Measures of the substance of the notification without delay.
Article 45Reports and On-Site Investigations
The Prime Minister, within the scope that is necessary for the enforcement of this Act, may ask an Enterprise to make any necessary report, and may have the relevant officials enter the office, place of business, or other place at which an Enterprise does business; have those officials conduct the necessary investigations or ask the necessary questions; or collect objects that an Enterprise supplies within the scope of what is necessary for an investigation; provided, however, that the market value must be paid for any objects the Prime Minister has the officials collect.
内閣総理大臣は、この法律の施行に必要な限度において、事業者に対し、必要な報告を求め、その職員に、当該事業者の事務所、事業所その他その事業を行う場所に立ち入り、必要な調査若しくは質問をさせ、又は調査に必要な限度において当該事業者の供給する物品を集取させることができる。ただし、物品を集取させるときは、時価によってその対価を支払わなければならない。
The provisions of Article 11-24, paragraphs (2) and (3) apply mutatis mutandis to the case as referred to in the preceding paragraph.
第十一条の二十四第二項及び第三項の規定は、前項の場合について準用する。
第七章 雑則
Chapter VII Miscellaneous Provisions
Article 46Financial Measures
The national and local governments must endeavor to take necessary financial and other measures for implementing a policy for Ensuring Consumer Safety.
国及び地方公共団体は、消費者安全の確保に関する施策を実施するために必要な財政上の措置その他の措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
Article 47Delegation of Authority
The Prime Minister delegates the authority under Article 45, paragraph (1) and other authority under this Act (except for what is provided by Cabinet Order) to the Secretary-General of the Consumer Affairs Agency.
内閣総理大臣は、第四十五条第一項の規定による権限その他この法律の規定による権限(政令で定めるものを除く。)を消費者庁長官に委任する。
It is permissible to decide, under Cabinet Order, that either the prefectural governor or the mayor of the municipality in which a Consumer Affairs Center has been established is to carry out a portion of the administrative processes that are part of the authority under Article 45, paragraph (1) which is delegated to the Secretary-General of the Consumer Affairs Agency pursuant to the preceding paragraph.
Article 48Classification of Administrative Processes
Any administrative process that, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, it has been decided the local government will handle is classified as an item (i) statutorily entrusted process as provided in Article 2, paragraph (9), item (i) of the Local Autonomy Act (Act No. 67 of 1947).
前条第二項の規定により地方公共団体が処理することとされている事務は、地方自治法(昭和二十二年法律第六十七号)第二条第九項第一号に規定する第一号法定受託事務とする。
Article 49Delegation to Cabinet Office Order
Beyond what is set forth in this Act, any provisions that need to be made in order for this Act to be put into effect are made by Cabinet Office Order.
この法律に定めるもののほか、この法律の実施のため必要な事項は、内閣府令で定める。
Article 50Transitional Measures
If an order is enacted, revised, or abolished in accordance with the provisions of this Act, the necessary transitional measures (including transitional measures for penal provisions) may be provided by that order, within the scope reasonably judged necessary in association with the enactment, revision, or abolition of the order.
この法律の規定に基づき命令を制定し、又は改廃する場合においては、その命令で、その制定又は改廃に伴い合理的に必要と判断される範囲内において、所要の経過措置(罰則に関する経過措置を含む。)を定めることができる。
第八章 罰則
Chapter VIII Penal Provisions
Article 51
A person falling under one of the following items is subject to imprisonment for not more than three years, a fine of not more than three million yen, or both:
次の各号のいずれかに該当する者は、三年以下の拘禁刑若しくは三百万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
a person violating a prohibition or restriction under Article 41, paragraph (1); or
第四十一条第一項の規定による禁止又は制限に違反した者
a person violating an order under Article 42.
第四十二条の規定による命令に違反した者
Article 52
A person violating an order under Article 40, paragraph (2) or paragraph (5) is subject to imprisonment for not more than one year, a fine of not more than one million yen, or both.
Article 53
A person who has divulged confidential information violating Article 8, paragraph (4), Article 8-2, paragraph (3), Article 11-5, Article 11-19, paragraph (1), or Article 25, paragraph (2) is subject to imprisonment for not more than one year or a fine of not more than 500,000 yen.
第八条第四項、第八条の二第三項、第十一条の五、第十一条の十九第一項又は第二十五条第二項の規定に違反して秘密を漏らした者は、一年以下の拘禁刑又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
When an order for suspension of Testing Tasks under Article 11-22, paragraph (2) is violated, the officer or personnel of the Registered Testing Organization who committed the violation is subject to imprisonment for not more than one year or a fine of not more than 500,000 yen.
第十一条の二十二第二項の規定による試験業務の停止の命令に違反したときは、その違反行為をした登録試験機関の役員又は職員は、一年以下の拘禁刑又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
Article 54
An officer or personnel of a Registered Testing Organization who has committed any of the following violations is subject to a fine of not more than 500,000 yen:
次の各号のいずれかに掲げる違反があった場合においては、その違反行為をした登録試験機関の役員又は職員は、五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
discontinuing all of the Testing Tasks without the permission described in Article 11-16;
failing to prepare ledgers, failing to write in ledgers, writing false contents in ledgers, or failing to store ledgers, violating the provisions of Article 11-23; or
第十一条の二十三の規定に違反して帳簿を備えず、帳簿に記載せず、若しくは帳簿に虚偽の記載をし、又は帳簿を保存しなかったとき。
failing to make a report under Article 11-24, paragraph (1), or making a false report; refusing, hindering, or evading an on-site investigation under that paragraph; or refusing to answer questions or answering falsely.
第十一条の二十四第一項の規定による報告をせず、若しくは虚偽の報告をし、又は同項の規定による立入り若しくは調査を拒み、妨げ、若しくは忌避し、若しくは質問に対して答弁をせず、若しくは虚偽の答弁をしたとき。
A person failing to make a report under Article 45, paragraph (1), or making a false report; refusing, hindering, or evading an on-site investigation or the collection of objects under that paragraph; or refusing to answer questions or answering falsely is subject to a fine of not more than 500,000 yen.
Article 55
A person falling under one of the following items is subject to a fine of not more than 300,000 yen:
次の各号のいずれかに該当する者は、三十万円以下の罰金に処する。
a person giving a false report when faced with the collection of reports under the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (2), item (i); paragraph (3) of that Article; or Article 27, paragraph (4);
第二十三条第二項第一号若しくは第三項又は第二十七条第四項の規定による報告の徴取に対して虚偽の報告をした者
a person refusing, hindering, or evading an examination under Article 23, paragraph (2), item (ii); paragraph (3) of that Article; or Article 27, paragraph (2) or paragraph (4); or giving a false statement when faced with questioning under those provisions;
第二十三条第二項第二号若しくは第三項若しくは第二十七条第二項若しくは第四項の規定による検査を拒み、妨げ、若しくは忌避し、又はこれらの規定による質問に対して虚偽の陳述をした者
a person giving a false statement when faced with questioning under the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (2), item (iii); paragraph (3) of that Article; or Article 27, paragraph (4);
第二十三条第二項第三号若しくは第三項又は第二十七条第四項の規定による質問に対して虚偽の陳述をした者
a person failing to produce a material, in violation of an administrative measure under the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (2), item (iv); paragraph (3) of that Article; or Article 27, paragraph (4); or
第二十三条第二項第四号若しくは第三項又は第二十七条第四項の規定による処分に違反して物件を提出しない者
a person failing to keep a material safe or relocating it, in violation of an administrative measure under the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (2), item (v); paragraph (3) of that Article; or Article 27, paragraph (4).
第二十三条第二項第五号若しくは第三項又は第二十七条第四項の規定による処分に違反して物件を保全せず、又は移動した者
Article 56
If the representative of a corporation or the agent, employee, or other worker of a corporation or individual violates the provisions set forth in one of the following items in connection with the business of the corporation or individual, beyond the offender being subject to punishment, the corporation is subject to the fine prescribed in the relevant item and the individual is subject to the fine prescribed in the Article referred to in the relevant item:
法人の代表者又は法人若しくは人の代理人、使用人その他の従業者が、その法人又は人の業務に関して、次の各号に掲げる規定の違反行為をしたときは、行為者を罰するほか、その法人に対して当該各号に定める罰金刑を、その人に対して各本条の罰金刑を科する。
Article 51 or Article 52:a fine of not more than one hundred million yen; or
Article 53, paragraph (2) and the preceding two Articles:the fine prescribed in the Article.
Article 57
A person failing to prepare and store Financial Statements, etc., violating the provisions of Article 11-17, paragraph (1) or failing to write necessary particulars in Financial Statements, etc.; writing false contents; or refusing the request pursuant to the items of paragraph (2) of that Article without a legitimate reason is subject to an administrative penalty of not more than 200,000 yen.
第十一条の十七第一項の規定に違反して財務諸表等を備えて置かず、財務諸表等に記載すべき事項を記載せず、若しくは虚偽の記載をし、又は正当な理由がないのに同条第二項各号の規定による請求を拒んだ者は、二十万円以下の過料に処する。
略称規定第二条第四項
…それらの通常予見される使用(飲食を含む。)又は利用(以下「使用等」という。)の形態その他の商品等又は役務に係る事情を考慮して、それらの消費者による使用等が行われる時においてそれらの通常有すべき安全性をいう。
わかりやすく言うと
事業者が供給する商品等の使用(飲食を含みます)と、事業者が提供する役務の利用をまとめた呼び名です(第二条第四項)。
定義第二条第四項
事業者がその事業として供給する商品若しくは製品又は事業者がその事業のために提供し、利用に供し、若しくは事業者がその事業として若しくはその事業のために提供する役務に使用する物品、施設若しくは工作物
定義第二条第四項・法令全体に適用
商品等(事業者がその事業として供給する商品若しくは製品又は事業者がその事業のために提供し、利用に供し、若しくは事業者がその事業として若しくはその事業のために提供する役務に使用する物品、施設若しくは工作物をいう。以下同じ。)又は役務(事業者がその事業として又はその事業のために提供するものに限る。以下同じ。)の特性、それらの通常予見される使用(飲食を含む。)又は利用(以下「使用等」という。)の形態その他の商品等又は役務に係る事情を考慮して、それらの消費者による使用等が行われる時においてそれらの通常有すべき安全性
わかりやすく言うと
商品等や役務が、消費者に使われたり利用されたりする時点で、通常備えているべき安全性のことです。商品等や役務の特性、通常予想される使い方(飲食を含みます)や利用のされ方などの事情を考えて判断します。
定義第二条第五項・法令全体に適用
次に掲げる事故又は事態
わかりやすく言うと
商品や役務などの使用等に伴い消費者の生命・身体に政令で定める程度の被害が出た事故(安全性の欠如によらないことが明らかなものを除く)、消費安全性を欠く商品等や役務の使用等でそうした事故のおそれがある政令の要件に当たる事態、虚偽や誇大な広告など政令で定める行為を事業者がした事態の総称です。
定義第二条第六項・法令全体に適用
前項第一号に掲げる事故及び同項第二号に掲げる事態
わかりやすく言うと
事業者の商品や役務などの使用等に伴い消費者の生命・身体に政令で定める程度の被害が出た事故(安全性の欠如によらないことが明らかなものを除く)と、消費安全性を欠く商品等や役務の使用等で、そうした事故のおそれがあるとして政令の要件に当たる事態のことです。
定義第二条第七項・法令全体に適用
次に掲げる事故又は事態
わかりやすく言うと
消費者事故等のうち、生命・身体に被害が出た事故で被害が重大なものとして政令の要件に当たるものと、消費安全性を欠く商品等や役務の使用等が行われた事態で、そうした重大な事故を起こすおそれがあるとして政令の要件に当たるものをまとめた呼び名です。
定義第二条第八項・法令全体に適用
第五項第三号に掲げる事態のうち、同号に定める行為に係る取引であって次の各号のいずれかに該当するものが事業者により行われることにより、多数の消費者の財産に被害を生じ、又は生じさせるおそれのあるもの
わかりやすく言うと
事業者が、虚偽や誇大な広告など政令で定める行為に係る、消費者の財産上の利益を侵害する不当な取引(示した商品や役務などの内容や取引条件が実際と著しく異なるもの、または政令で定めるもの)を行うことで、多数の消費者の財産に被害が生じ、または生じるおそれのある事態です。
略称規定第四条第一項・この条の中だけ
国及び地方公共団体は、前条に定める基本理念(以下この条において「基本理念」という。)にのっとり、消費者安全の確保に関する施策を総合的に策定し、及び実施する責務を有する。
わかりやすく言うと
第三条が定める、消費者安全の確保に関する施策を進めるうえでの基本的な考え方です。専門的知見に基づく措置を迅速かつ効率的に行って消費者事故等の発生と被害の拡大を防ぐこと、消費者の利便の増進に寄与すること、国と地方公共団体の緊密な連携などが含まれます。
定義第四条第四項・この規定及び第六条第二項第四号の中だけ
当該施策に基づき実施し、又は実施しようとしている行政上の一連の行為が消費者の消費生活、社会経済及び行政運営に及ぼし、又は及ぼすことが見込まれる影響
略称規定第四条第五項
国及び地方公共団体は、消費者安全の確保に関する施策の推進に当たっては、基本理念にのっとり、独立行政法人国民生活センター(以下「国民生活センター」という。)、第十条の二第一項第一号に規定する消費生活センター、都道府県警察…
わかりやすく言うと
独立行政法人国民生活センターの略称です。国や地方公共団体が消費者安全の確保に関する施策を進めるとき、緊密な連携が図られるよう配慮すべき関係者の一つとされています。
略称規定第七条第一項・この条の中だけ
都道府県知事は、消費者安全の確保に関する施策の推進に関して、内閣総理大臣に対し、次条第一項各号に掲げる事務の実施を通じて得られた知見に基づき、基本方針の変更についての提案(以下この条において「変更提案」という。)をすることができる。
わかりやすく言うと
都道府県知事が、第八条第一項の事務(広域的な苦情相談やあっせん、情報の収集と提供など)を通じて得た知見に基づき、内閣総理大臣に対して行う、基本方針の変更の提案です。基本方針とは、内閣総理大臣が定める消費者安全の確保に関する基本的な方針です。
定義第十条の二第一項第一号・この規定及び第十条の二第二項及び第四十七条第二項の中だけ
前条第一項又は第二項の施設又は機関
わかりやすく言うと
都道府県が第八条第一項の事務を行うために設置しなければならない施設または機関と、市町村が第八条第二項の事務を行うために必要に応じて設置に努める施設または機関のことです。消費生活相談員を苦情の相談やあっせんに従事させることなどの要件を満たすものです(第十条)。
略称規定第十条の三第一項
消費生活相談員は、内閣総理大臣若しくは内閣総理大臣の登録を受けた法人(以下「登録試験機関」という。)の行う消費生活相談員資格試験に合格した者又はこれと同等以上の専門的な知識及び技術を有すると都道府県知事若しくは市町村長が認める者でなければ…
わかりやすく言うと
内閣総理大臣の登録を受けて、消費生活相談員資格試験を行う法人のことです。
定義第十条の三第二項
第八条第一項第二号イ及びロ又は第二項第一号及び第二号の規定に基づき都道府県又は市町村が実施する事業者に対する消費者からの苦情に係る相談及びあっせん
わかりやすく言うと
都道府県や市町村が実施する、事業者に対する消費者からの苦情についての相談とあっせんのことです。都道府県が行うものは、市町村の区域を超えた広域的な見地を必要とするものです(第八条)。
略称規定第十条の三第三項
第一項の消費生活相談員資格試験(以下単に「試験」という。)は、消費生活相談を行うために必要な知識及び技術を有するかどうかを判定することを目的とし、次に掲げる科目について行う。
わかりやすく言うと
消費生活相談員資格試験のことです。消費生活相談に必要な知識と技術があるかを判定するもので、消費安全性に関する科目、消費者行政に関する法令の科目、消費生活相談の実務の科目、内閣府令で定める科目について行います。
略称規定第十一条の三第一項
…当該地方公共団体の区域における消費者安全の確保のための取組を効果的かつ円滑に行うため、関係機関により構成される消費者安全確保地域協議会(以下「協議会」という。)を組織することができる。
わかりやすく言うと
消費者安全確保地域協議会の略称です。消費者の利益の擁護や増進に関わる事務をする国や地方公共団体の機関が、その地方公共団体の区域で消費者安全の確保の取組を効果的かつ円滑に進めるために組織できる会議体です。
略称規定第十一条の三第一項・この条の中だけ
国及び地方公共団体の機関であって、消費者の利益の擁護及び増進に関連する分野の事務に従事するもの(以下この条において「関係機関」という。)は、当該地方公共団体の区域における消費者安全の確保のための取組を効果的かつ円滑に行うため…
わかりやすく言うと
国や地方公共団体の機関のうち、消費者の利益の擁護や増進に関連する分野の事務に従事するもののことです。これらの機関は、消費者安全確保地域協議会を組織することができます(第十一条の三)。
略称規定第十一条の四第二項・この規定及び第十一条の四第三項の中だけ
協議会の構成員(次項において単に「構成員」という。)は、前項の協議の結果に基づき、消費者安全の確保のため、消費生活上特に配慮を要する消費者と適当な接触を保ち、その状況を見守ることその他の必要な取組を行うものとする。
わかりやすく言うと
消費者安全確保地域協議会を構成する者のことです。協議会を組織する国や地方公共団体の機関のほか、必要に応じて加えられた病院、教育機関、消費生活協力団体、消費生活協力員などの関係者も含みます(第十一条の三)。
略称規定第十一条の九第一項
第十条の三第一項の登録試験機関に係る登録(以下単に「登録」という。)は、試験の実施に関する業務(以下「試験業務」という。)を行おうとする者の申請により行う。
わかりやすく言うと
消費生活相談員資格試験を行う登録試験機関となるために、内閣総理大臣から受ける登録のことです。試験の実施に関する業務を行おうとする者の申請により行われます。
略称規定第十一条の九第一項
第十条の三第一項の登録試験機関に係る登録(以下単に「登録」という。)は、試験の実施に関する業務(以下「試験業務」という。)を行おうとする者の申請により行う。
わかりやすく言うと
消費生活相談員資格試験の実施に関する業務のことです。登録試験機関の登録は、この業務を行おうとする者の申請により行われます。
略称規定第十一条の十第一項・この規定及び第十一条の十一第一項の中だけ
内閣総理大臣は、前条の規定により登録の申請をした者(次条第一項において「登録申請者」という。)が、次の各号のいずれかに該当するときは、登録をしてはならない。
わかりやすく言うと
消費生活相談員資格試験の実施に関する業務を行うため、登録試験機関としての登録を申請した者のことです(第十一条の九)。
略称規定第十一条の十五第一項
登録試験機関は、試験業務に関する規程(以下「試験業務規程」という。)を定め、試験業務の開始前に、内閣総理大臣の認可を受けなければならない。これを変更しようとするときも、同様とする。
略称規定第十一条の十七第一項・この規定及び第十一条の十七第二項及び第五十七条の中だけ
登録試験機関は、毎事業年度経過後三月以内に、その事業年度の財産目録、貸借対照表及び損益計算書又は収支計算書並びに事業報告書(その作成に代えて電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他の人の知覚によっては認識することができない方式で作られる記…
わかりやすく言うと
登録試験機関が毎事業年度に作成する財産目録、貸借対照表、損益計算書または収支計算書、事業報告書のことで、これらに代えて作成された電磁的記録も含みます。事業年度の終了後三か月以内に作成し、五年間事務所に備え置きます。
定義第十一条の十七第一項・この条の中だけ
電子的方式、磁気的方式その他の人の知覚によっては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であって、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるもの
略称規定第十四条第一項・この規定及び第三十五条及び第三十八条第二項の中だけ
…前条第一項の規定による情報の集約及び分析並びにその結果の取りまとめを行うため必要があると認めるときは、関係行政機関の長、関係地方公共団体の長、国民生活センターの長その他の関係者(第三十五条及び第三十八条第二項において「関係行政機関の長等…
わかりやすく言うと
関係行政機関の長、関係地方公共団体の長、国民生活センターの長その他の関係者をまとめた呼び名です。内閣総理大臣や消費者安全調査委員会が、必要なときに資料の提供などの協力を求めることができる相手です(第十四条、第三十五条)。
略称規定第十六条第一項第一号
生命身体事故等(運輸安全委員会設置法(昭和四十八年法律第百十三号)第二条第二項に規定する航空事故等、同条第四項に規定する鉄道事故等及び同条第六項に規定する船舶事故等を除く。第四号及び第三十三条を除き、以下同じ。)の原因及び生命身体事故等に…
わかりやすく言うと
生命身体事故等の原因と、それによる被害の原因をまとめた呼び名です。生命身体事故等とは、消費者が商品や役務などを使う中で生命・身体に一定の被害が出た事故と、そのおそれがある一定の事態で、ここでは運輸安全委員会設置法の航空事故等・鉄道事故等・船舶事故等を除きます。
略称規定第十六条第一項第一号
生命身体事故等(運輸安全委員会設置法(昭和四十八年法律第百十三号)第二条第二項に規定する航空事故等、同条第四項に規定する鉄道事故等及び同条第六項に規定する船舶事故等を除く。第四号及び第三十三条を除き、以下同じ。)の原因及び生命身体事故等に…
わかりやすく言うと
消費者安全調査委員会が行う、生命身体事故等の原因と、それによる被害の原因を究明するための調査のことです。運輸安全委員会設置法の航空事故等・鉄道事故等・船舶事故等は対象から除かれます(第十六条第一項第一号)。
略称規定第十六条第一項第二号
生命身体事故等について、他の行政機関(運輸安全委員会を除く。)による調査若しくは検査又は法律(法律に基づく命令を含む。以下この条において同じ。)の規定による地方公共団体の調査若しくは検査(法律の規定によりこれらの調査又は検査の全部又は一部…
わかりやすく言うと
生命身体事故等について、運輸安全委員会以外の行政機関が行う調査や検査と、法律やそれに基づく命令の規定により地方公共団体が行う調査や検査のことです。法律の規定でこれらの全部または一部を行うこととされている他の者がいれば、その者の調査や検査も含みます。
略称規定第十六条第一項第二号
生命身体事故等について、他の行政機関(運輸安全委員会を除く。)による調査若しくは検査又は法律(法律に基づく命令を含む。以下この条において同じ。)の規定による地方公共団体の調査若しくは検査(法律の規定によりこれらの調査又は検査の全部又は一部…
わかりやすく言うと
消費者安全調査委員会が、生命身体事故等について、運輸安全委員会以外の行政機関や、法律の規定による地方公共団体などが行った調査や検査の結果が、事故等原因を究明しているかどうかを評価することです(第十六条第一項第二号)。
略称規定第十六条第一項第三号
事故等原因調査又は他の行政機関等による調査等の結果の評価(以下「事故等原因調査等」という。)の結果に基づき、生命身体事故等による被害の拡大又は当該生命身体事故等と同種若しくは類似の生命身体事故等の発生の防止のため講ずべき施策又は措置につい…
わかりやすく言うと
消費者安全調査委員会が自ら行う事故等原因調査と、他の行政機関や地方公共団体などが行った調査や検査の結果が事故等原因を究明しているかどうかの評価とを、まとめた呼び名です(第十六条第一項)。
略称規定第二十三条第二項第一号・この規定及び第二十三条第二項第二号及び第三十条の中だけ
事故等原因に関係があると認められる者(次号及び第三十条において「原因関係者」という。)、生命身体事故等に際し人命の救助に当たった者その他の生命身体事故等の関係者(以下「生命身体事故等関係者」という。)から報告を徴すること。
わかりやすく言うと
生命身体事故等の原因や、それによる被害の原因(事故等原因)に関係があると認められる者のことです(第二十三条第二項第一号)。
略称規定第二十三条第二項第一号
事故等原因に関係があると認められる者(次号及び第三十条において「原因関係者」という。)、生命身体事故等に際し人命の救助に当たった者その他の生命身体事故等の関係者(以下「生命身体事故等関係者」という。)から報告を徴すること。
わかりやすく言うと
生命身体事故等の原因や被害の原因に関係があると認められる者、生命身体事故等の際に人命の救助に当たった者など、生命身体事故等の関係者のことです(第二十三条第二項第一号)。
略称規定第二十三条第二項第二号
生命身体事故等の現場、原因関係者の事務所その他の必要と認める場所に立ち入って、商品等、帳簿、書類その他の生命身体事故等に関係のある物件(以下「関係物件」という。)を検査し、又は生命身体事故等関係者に質問すること。
わかりやすく言うと
商品等、帳簿、書類その他の、生命身体事故等に関係のある物件のことです。消費者安全調査委員会は、事故等原因調査のため必要な限度で、これを検査したり、所有者などに提出を求めたりできます。
略称規定第二十八条第三項・この項の中だけ
被害者又は被害者が死亡した場合若しくはその心身に重大な故障がある場合におけるその配偶者、直系の親族若しくは兄弟姉妹(以下この項において「被害者等」という。)が第一項の規定により申出をした場合において、当該申出が、自ら負傷若しくは疾病を被り…
わかりやすく言うと
被害者本人と、被害者が死亡した場合やその心身に重大な故障がある場合の、その配偶者、直系の親族または兄弟姉妹のことです(第二十八条第三項)。
略称規定第三十八条第一項
…当該消費者事故等による被害の拡大又は当該消費者事故等と同種若しくは類似の消費者事故等の発生(以下「消費者被害の発生又は拡大」という。)の防止を図るため消費者の注意を喚起する必要があると認めるときは、当該消費者事故等の態様…
わかりやすく言うと
消費者事故等による被害が広がることと、それと同種または類似の消費者事故等が新たに起きることを、まとめた呼び名です(第三十八条第一項)。
略称規定第四十条第一項
内閣総理大臣は、商品等又は役務が消費安全性を欠くことにより重大事故等が発生した場合(当該重大事故等による被害の拡大又は当該重大事故等とその原因を同じくする重大事故等の発生(以下「重大生命身体被害の発生又は拡大」という。)の防止を図るために…
わかりやすく言うと
重大事故等による被害が広がることと、その重大事故等と原因を同じくする重大事故等が新たに起きることを、まとめた呼び名です(第四十条第一項)。
略称規定第四十条第四項・この条の中だけ
…多数消費者財産被害事態が発生した場合(当該多数消費者財産被害事態による被害の拡大又は当該多数消費者財産被害事態と同種若しくは類似の多数消費者財産被害事態の発生(以下この条において「多数消費者財産被害事態による被害の発生又は拡大」という。…
わかりやすく言うと
多数消費者財産被害事態による被害が広がることと、それと同種または類似の多数消費者財産被害事態が新たに起きることを、まとめた呼び名です(第四十条第四項)。
略称規定第四十四条第二項・この条の中だけ
内閣総理大臣は、前項の規定による要請(以下この条において「措置要請」という。)を受けた場合において、消費者被害の発生又は拡大の防止を図るために実施し得る他の法律の規定に基づく措置があるときは…
わかりやすく言うと
都道府県知事が、その区域内での消費者被害の発生又は拡大を防ぐため必要と認めるときに、内閣総理大臣に対して行う、消費者安全の確保に必要な措置の実施の要請です。措置の内容と理由を書いた書面を添えて行います(第四十四条第一項)。
消費者委員会
内閣府に置かれる委員会です(消費者庁及び消費者委員会設置法第六条第一項)。内閣総理大臣が任命する十人以内の委員で組織し、委員は独立してその職権を行います(消費者庁及び消費者委員会設置法第七条・第九条第一項・第十条第一項)。消費者の利益の擁護と増進、景品類等の適正化、物価などに関する重要事項について、自ら調査審議して内閣総理大臣、関係各大臣または消費者庁長官に建議し、また、その諮問に応じて調査審議します。消費者庁及び消費者委員会設置法第六条第二項第四号に掲げる法律によってその権限とされた事項も処理します(消費者庁及び消費者委員会設置法第六条第二項第一号・第二号・第四号)。不当景品類及び不当表示防止法では、内閣総理大臣は、景品類や表示の指定、景品類の制限や禁止をしようとするときは、消費者委員会の意見を聴かなければなりません(不当景品類及び不当表示防止法第三条・第六条)。特定商取引に関する法律では、主務大臣は、一定の政令の制定や改廃の立案をしようとするときは、消費者委員会に諮問しなければなりません(特定商取引に関する法律第六十四条)。
消費者庁及び消費者委員会設置法第6条・第7条・第9条・第10条、不当景品類及び不当表示防止法第3条・第6条、特定商取引に関する法律第64条を参考にAIが作成。
罰金
金銭を国に納めさせる刑罰で、一万円以上です。減軽する場合は一万円未満に下げることができます(刑法第十五条)。拘禁刑より軽く、拘留や科料より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。完納できない人は、一日以上二年以下(罰金を併科した場合などは三年以下)の期間、労役場に留置され、その期間は刑の言渡しのときに定められます(同法第十八条第一項・第三項・第四項)。裁判が確定した後三十日以内は、本人の承諾がなければ留置の執行はできません(同条第五項)。刑の言渡しが確定した後、三年間執行を受けないと時効が完成し、執行の免除を得ます(同法第三十一条・第三十二条第五号)。ただし、法令により執行を猶予し又は停止した期間や、本人が国外にいる期間は時効が進行せず、執行行為をすると時効は中断します(同法第三十三条・第三十四条第二項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第15条・第18条・第31条〜第34条を参考にAIが作成。
国会
日本の議会で、国の唯一の立法機関です(第四十一条)。衆議院と参議院の両議院で構成され、いずれも選挙された議員で組織されます(第四十二条・第四十三条第一項)。内閣総理大臣の指名、予算や条約の承認、憲法改正の発議を行います。政令や省令が義務や罰則を定めるには、国会が定めた法律の委任が必要です。
日本国憲法第41条・第42条・第43条、Wikipedia「国会」を参考にAIが作成。
保健所
都道府県、政令で定める市(指定都市や中核市など)、特別区が設ける機関で(地域保健法第五条第一項)、地域の住民の健康を守り、高めるための仕事をします(同法第六条第一項第十四号)。食品衛生、住宅・水道・下水道などの環境の衛生、感染症その他の病気の予防などについて、企画、調整、指導と、そのために必要な事業を行います(同法第六条第一項)。旅館業法では、保健所を設ける市や特別区の中で旅館業を営むときは、都道府県知事ではなく市長や区長の許可を受けます(旅館業法第三条第一項)。
地域保健法第5条・第6条、地方自治法第252条の19・第252条の22、旅館業法第2条・第3条を参考にAIが作成。
拘禁刑
刑事施設に拘置する刑です。無期と有期があり、有期は一月以上二十年以下です(刑法第十二条第一項・第二項)。刑を加重するときは三十年まで上げ、減軽するときは一月未満に下げることができます(同法第十四条第二項)。改善更生を図るため、必要な作業を行わせ、又は必要な指導を行うことができます(同法第十二条第三項)。主刑の中では死刑の次に重く、罰金より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。刑法等の一部を改正する法律(令和四年法律第六十七号)の施行により、懲役と禁錮に代わって設けられました(同法第二条)。懲役又は禁錮に処せられた人は、人の資格に関する法令の適用については、刑期を同じくする拘禁刑に処せられた人とみなされます(令和四年法律第六十八号第四百四十三条第一項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第12条・第14条、令和4年法律第67号第2条、令和4年法律第68号第443条を参考にAIが作成。
条例
地方公共団体が自ら定めるきまりです。都道府県、市町村、東京都の特別区がそれぞれ定めます(地方自治法第一条の三・第二百八十一条・第二百八十三条)。住民が選挙した議員でつくる議会(同法第八十九条)の議決で制定され(同法第九十六条第一項第一号)、知事や市町村長などその団体の長(同法第百三十九条)が公布します(同法第十六条)。憲法は、地方公共団体が法律の範囲内で条例を制定できるとしており(日本国憲法第九十四条)、法律・政令・省令などの法令に違反することはできません(地方自治法第十四条第一項)。法令に特別の定めがある場合を除き、地方公共団体が人に義務を課したり権利を制限したりするには、条例によらなければなりません(同条第二項)。条例に違反した人に対する罰則も、同法が定める範囲で設けることができます(同条第三項)。条例はその地方公共団体の事務について定めるもの(同法第二条第二項・第十四条第一項)なので、同じ事柄でも地域によって扱いが違うことがあります。国の法令である省令(「施行規則」など)とは別のものです。
日本国憲法第94条、地方自治法第1条の3・第2条・第14条・第16条・第89条・第96条・第139条・第281条・第283条を参考にAIが作成。
内閣総理大臣
内閣の首長です。国会議員の中から国会の議決で指名され、天皇が任命します(第六十七条第一項・第六条第一項)。国務大臣を任意に任命し罷免することができ、その過半数は国会議員でなければなりません(第六十八条)。国務大臣は、その在任中、内閣総理大臣の同意がなければ訴追されません(第七十五条)。
日本国憲法第6条・第67条・第68条・第75条、Wikipedia「内閣総理大臣」を参考にAIが作成。