With regard to the application of the provisions of Article 36 to physicians engaged in medical practice (limited to those specified by Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare as persons necessary for securing the system for providing medical care), for the time being, the phrase "for each of the periods of one day, one month and one year in" in paragraph (2), item (iv) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "in", the phrase "limit hours" in paragraph (3) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "limit hours and the hours specified by Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in consideration of the health and welfare of workers", and the provisions of paragraph (5) and paragraph (6) (limited to the parts related to item (ii) and item (iii)) of that Article do not apply.

In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, in addition to the matters set forth in the items of Article 36, paragraph (2), the agreement under paragraph (1) of that Article may specify, for the case where it is necessary to have workers work temporarily beyond the hours specified by Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare under paragraph (3) of that Article as applied with the replacement of terms pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph due to a substantial increase in the volume of work that cannot normally be foreseen at the workplace or other such circumstances, the hours for which workers may be made to work beyond the hours agreed upon with regard to paragraph (2), item (iv) of that Article (limited to within the range not exceeding the hours and the number of months prescribed in paragraph (5) of that Article and the hours specified by Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in consideration of the health and welfare of workers, including the hours agreed upon with regard to that item) and other matters specified by Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.

In the case referred to in paragraph (1), even if an employer extends working hours and has a worker work, or has a worker work on days off, as provided for in the agreement under Article 36, paragraph (1), the employer must not have the worker work beyond the requirements prescribed in paragraph (6) of that Article and the hours specified by Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in consideration of the health and welfare of workers.

Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs, with regard to physicians engaged in medical practice, until March 31, 2024 (or, with regard to an agreement under Article 36, paragraph (1) that specifies a period including that day and the following day, until the day on which one year elapses counting from the first day of the period specified in that agreement), the phrase "one month and" in paragraph (2), item (iv) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "a period of more than one day and not more than three months specified by the employer and the labor union or the person representing a majority of the workers who conclude the agreement under the preceding paragraph, and", and the provisions of paragraphs (3) through (5) and paragraph (6) (limited to the parts related to item (ii) and item (iii)) of that Article do not apply.

A person who violates the provisions of paragraph (3) is punished by imprisonment for not more than six months or by a fine of not more than 300,000 yen.