第二節 保佐に関する審判事件
Section 2 Adjudication Cases Regarding Curatorship
Article 128Jurisdiction
An adjudication case for the commencement of curatorship (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (17); the same applies hereinafter) is subject to the jurisdiction of the family court which has jurisdiction over the place of domicile of a person who is to be a person under curatorship.
保佐開始の審判事件（別表第一の十七の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。以下同じ。）は、被保佐人となるべき者の住所地を管轄する家庭裁判所の管轄に属する。
Adjudication cases regarding curatorship (meaning the adjudication cases regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, rows (17) through (35)), except for an adjudication case for the commencement of curatorship, are subject to the jurisdiction of a family court that has made a ruling of the commencement of curatorship (if the court in charge of an appeal has made a judicial decision of commencement of curatorship, the family court that is the court of first instance); provided, however, that if an adjudication case for the commencement of curatorship is pending before a family court, these cases are subject to the jurisdiction of that family court.
保佐に関する審判事件（別表第一の十七の項から三十五の項までの事項についての審判事件をいう。）は、保佐開始の審判事件を除き、保佐開始の審判をした家庭裁判所（抗告裁判所が保佐開始の裁判をした場合にあっては、その第一審裁判所である家庭裁判所）の管轄に属する。ただし、保佐開始の審判事件が家庭裁判所に係属しているときは、その家庭裁判所の管轄に属する。
Article 129Capacity to Participate in Proceedings
The provisions of Article 118 apply mutatis mutandis to a person who is to be a person under curatorship and to a person under curatorship in the following adjudication cases (including adjudication cases for a provisional order sought by designating the adjudication cases set forth in items (i), (vii), and (ix) as cases on the merits):
an adjudication case for the determination of acts which require the consent of a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (18));
保佐人の同意を得なければならない行為の定めの審判事件（別表第一の十八の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for permission in lieu of the consent of a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (19));
保佐人の同意に代わる許可の審判事件（別表第一の十九の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for the revocation of a ruling of the commencement of curatorship (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (20));
保佐開始の審判の取消しの審判事件（別表第一の二十の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for the revocation of a ruling to determine acts which require the consent of a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (21));
保佐人の同意を得なければならない行為の定めの審判の取消しの審判事件（別表第一の二十一の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for the appointment of a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (22));
保佐人の選任の審判事件（別表第一の二十二の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for the dismissal of a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (24); the same applies in Article 135);
保佐人の解任の審判事件（別表第一の二十四の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。第百三十五条において同じ。）
an adjudication case for the appointment of a supervisor of a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (26));
保佐監督人の選任の審判事件（別表第一の二十六の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for the dismissal of a supervisor of a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (28); the same applies in Article 135);
保佐監督人の解任の審判事件（別表第一の二十八の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。第百三十五条において同じ。）
an adjudication case for vesting the authority of representation in a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (32));
保佐人に対する代理権の付与の審判事件（別表第一の三十二の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for the revocation of a ruling to vest the authority of representation in a curator (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (33)); and
保佐人に対する代理権の付与の審判の取消しの審判事件（別表第一の三十三の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
an adjudication case for the supervision of the affairs of curatorship (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (34)).
保佐の事務の監督の審判事件（別表第一の三十四の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
Article 130Hearing Statements and Opinions
a ruling of the commencement of curatorship:the person who is to be a person under curatorship;
保佐開始の審判 被保佐人となるべき者
a ruling to determine acts which require the consent of a curator:the person who is or is to be a person under curatorship;
保佐人の同意を得なければならない行為の定めの審判 被保佐人となるべき者又は被保佐人
a ruling of permission in lieu of the consent of a curator:the curator;
保佐人の同意に代わる許可の審判 保佐人
a ruling to revoke a ruling of the commencement of curatorship (limited to the case under the provisions of Article 14, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code):the person under curatorship and the curator;
保佐開始の審判の取消しの審判（民法第十四条第一項の規定による場合に限る。） 被保佐人及び保佐人
a ruling of the appointment of a curator or a supervisor of a curator:the person who is or is to be a person under curatorship;
保佐人又は保佐監督人の選任の審判 被保佐人となるべき者又は被保佐人
a ruling of the dismissal of a supervisor of a curator:the supervisor of a curator.
保佐監督人の解任の審判 保佐監督人
When making the rulings set forth in the following items, the family court must hear the opinions of the persons specified respectively in these items:
家庭裁判所は、次の各号に掲げる審判をする場合には、当該各号に定める者の意見を聴かなければならない。
a ruling of the appointment of a curator:the person who is to be a curator; and
保佐人の選任の審判 保佐人となるべき者
a ruling of the appointment of a supervisor of a curator:the person who is to be a supervisor of a curator.
保佐監督人の選任の審判 保佐監督人となるべき者
Article 131Notice of Rulings
Notice of the rulings set forth in the following items must be given to the persons specified respectively in these items, beyond the persons prescribed in Article 74, paragraph (1):
次の各号に掲げる審判は、第七十四条第一項に規定する者のほか、当該各号に定める者に告知しなければならない。
a ruling of the commencement of curatorship:the person who is appointed as a curator pursuant to the provisions of Article 876-2, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code, and the voluntarily appointed guardian and the supervisor of the voluntarily appointed guardian under a voluntary guardianship contract that is to terminate pursuant to Article 10, paragraph (3) of the Voluntary Guardianship Contract Act;
保佐開始の審判 民法第八百七十六条の二第一項の規定により保佐人に選任される者並びに任意後見契約法第十条第三項の規定により終了する任意後見契約に係る任意後見人及び任意後見監督人
a ruling to determine acts which require the consent of a curator:the curator and the supervisor of the curator (if this ruling is made simultaneously upon making a ruling of the appointment of a curator or a supervisor of a curator, the person who is to be a curator or the person who is to be a supervisor of a curator);
保佐人の同意を得なければならない行為の定めの審判 保佐人及び保佐監督人（当該審判が保佐人又は保佐監督人の選任の審判と同時にされる場合にあっては、保佐人となるべき者又は保佐監督人となるべき者）
a ruling of permission in lieu of the consent of a curator:the curator and the supervisor of the curator;
保佐人の同意に代わる許可の審判 保佐人及び保佐監督人
a ruling to revoke a ruling of the commencement of curatorship:the curator and the supervisor of the curator;
保佐開始の審判の取消しの審判 保佐人及び保佐監督人
a ruling to revoke a ruling to determine acts which require the consent of a curator:the curator and the supervisor of the curator;
保佐人の同意を得なければならない行為の定めの審判の取消しの審判 保佐人及び保佐監督人
a ruling to vest the authority of representation in a curator:the person under curatorship and the supervisor of a curator (if this ruling is made simultaneously upon making a ruling of the appointment of a supervisor of a curator, the person who is to be a supervisor of a curator); and
保佐人に対する代理権の付与の審判 被保佐人及び保佐監督人（当該審判が保佐監督人の選任の審判と同時にされる場合にあっては、保佐監督人となるべき者）
a ruling to revoke a ruling to vest the authority of representation in a curator:the person under curatorship and the supervisor of a curator.
保佐人に対する代理権の付与の審判の取消しの審判 被保佐人及び保佐監督人
Article 132Immediate Appeals
a ruling of the commencement of curatorship:the persons prescribed in the main clause of Article 11 of the Civil Code and those prescribed in Article 10, paragraph (2) of the Voluntary Guardianship Contract Act;
保佐開始の審判 民法第十一条本文及び任意後見契約法第十条第二項に規定する者
a ruling to dismiss a petition for the commencement of curatorship:the petitioner;
保佐開始の申立てを却下する審判 申立人
a ruling to dismiss a petition for revocation of a ruling of the commencement of curatorship:the persons prescribed in Article 14, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code;
保佐開始の審判の取消しの申立てを却下する審判 民法第十四条第一項に規定する者
a ruling to determine acts which require the consent of a curator:the person under curatorship;
保佐人の同意を得なければならない行為の定めの審判 被保佐人
a ruling to dismiss a petition for permission in lieu of the consent of a curator:the petitioner;
保佐人の同意に代わる許可の申立てを却下する審判 申立人
a ruling to dismiss a petition for the dismissal of a curator:the petitioner, the supervisor of the curator, as well as the person under curatorship and their relative;
保佐人の解任の申立てを却下する審判 申立人、保佐監督人並びに被保佐人及びその親族
a ruling of the dismissal of a supervisor of a curator:the supervisor of a curator; and
保佐監督人の解任の審判 保佐監督人
a ruling to dismiss a petition for the dismissal of a supervisor of a curator:the petitioner, as well as the person under curatorship and the person's relative.
保佐監督人の解任の申立てを却下する審判 申立人並びに被保佐人及びその親族
The period for filing an immediate appeal against a ruling of the commencement of curatorship to be filed by a person other than a person who receives notice of a ruling and by a person who is to be a person under curatorship runs from the latest day, out of the day on which the person who is to be a person under curatorship received notice of a ruling and the day on which the person who is appointed as a curator pursuant to the provisions of Article 876-2, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code received notice of a ruling.
審判の告知を受ける者でない者及び被保佐人となるべき者による保佐開始の審判に対する即時抗告の期間は、被保佐人となるべき者が審判の告知を受けた日及び民法第八百七十六条の二第一項の規定により保佐人に選任される者が審判の告知を受けた日のうち最も遅い日から進行する。
Article 133Application Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions Concerning Adjudication Cases Regarding Guardianship of Adults
The provisions of Article 119 apply mutatis mutandis to the expert examination and hearing of opinions concerning the mental state of a person who is or is to be a person under curatorship; the provisions of Article 121 apply mutatis mutandis to the withdrawal of a petition for the commencement of curatorship and the withdrawal of a petition for the appointment of a curator; and the provisions of Article 124 apply mutatis mutandis to the supervision of the affairs of curatorship.
Article 134Provisional Order during a Case on the Merits to Adjudicate Commencement of Curatorship
The provisions of Article 126, paragraph (1) apply mutatis mutandis to a provisional order sought by designating an adjudication case for the commencement of curatorship as a case on the merits.
When a petition for the commencement of curatorship is filed, and when it is particularly necessary for the preservation of the property of a person who is to be a person under curatorship, the family court (or a high court in the case set forth in Article 105, paragraph (2)) may, upon the petition of the person who has filed the petition, order that the person who is to be a person under curatorship be subject to the curatorship of the administrator of property to be appointed pursuant to the provisions of Article 126, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph (hereinafter simply referred to as an "administrator of property" in this Article) in performing acts in relation to property (limited to the acts prescribed in Article 13, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code; the same applies in paragraph (5)), until a ruling on the petition for the commencement of curatorship becomes effective.
Notice of a ruling under the provisions of the preceding paragraph (hereinafter referred to as a "ruling to order curatorship" in the following paragraph and paragraph (5)) must be given to an administrator of property, beyond the persons prescribed in Article 74, paragraph (1).
The period for filing an immediate appeal against a ruling to order curatorship to be filed by a person other than a person who receives notice of a ruling and by a person who is to be a person under curatorship runs from the latest day, out of the day on which the person who is to be a person under curatorship receives notice of a ruling and the day on which the administrator of property receives notice of a ruling under the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
When a ruling to order curatorship is made, the person who is to be a person under curatorship and the administrator of property may rescind acts performed in relation to property by the person who is to be a person under curatorship without obtaining consent from the administrator of property. In this case, the provisions of the Civil Code concerning the rescission of acts performed by a person with limited capacity to act apply mutatis mutandis.
The provisions of Article 125, paragraphs (1) through (6), as well as the provisions of Articles 27 through 29 of the Civil Code (excluding Article 27, paragraph (2) of the Code) apply mutatis mutandis to an administrator of property. In this case, the term "an adult under guardianship" in Article 125, paragraph (3) is deemed to be replaced with "a person who is to be a person under curatorship."
第百二十五条第一項から第六項までの規定及び民法第二十七条から第二十九条まで（同法第二十七条第二項を除く。）の規定は、財産の管理者について準用する。この場合において、第百二十五条第三項中「成年被後見人」とあるのは、「被保佐人となるべき者」と読み替えるものとする。
第百三十五条（保佐人の解任の審判事件等を本案とする保全処分）
Article 135Provisional Order Sought by Designating an Adjudication Case for the Dismissal of Curators as a Case on Merits
The provisions of Article 127, paragraphs (1) through (4) apply mutatis mutandis to a provisional order sought by designating an adjudication case for the dismissal of a curator or an adjudication case for the dismissal of a supervisor of a curator as a case on the merits.
第百二十七条第一項から第四項までの規定は、保佐人の解任の審判事件又は保佐監督人の解任の審判事件を本案とする保全処分について準用する。
定義第百六条第一項
前条第一項の審判及び同条第二項の審判に代わる裁判
わかりやすく言うと
家事審判の手続（家事審判で扱う事柄について家事調停が申し立てられたときはその調停の手続）が進んでいる家庭裁判所が、仮差押え、仮処分、財産の管理者の選任などの必要な保全処分を命じる審判のことです。家事審判が高等裁判所で進んでいるときに、高等裁判所がこれに代えてする裁判も含みます。
略称規定第百二十二条第三項第一号
後見開始の審判 民法第八百四十三条第一項の規定により成年後見人に選任される者並びに任意後見契約に関する法律（平成十一年法律第百五十号。以下「任意後見契約法」という。）第十条第三項の規定により終了する任意後見契約に係る任意後見人及び任意後見…
わかりやすく言うと
任意後見契約に関する法律（平成十一年法律第百五十号）を短く呼ぶ名前です。
定義第百二十八条第一項
別表第一の十七の項の事項についての審判事件
わかりやすく言うと
保佐開始の審判をする事件のことです（別表第一の十七の項）。精神上の障害により事理を弁識する能力が著しく不十分な人について、本人や配偶者などの請求で家庭裁判所がする審判で、後見開始の原因がある人は除かれます（民法第十一条）。
定義第百二十九条第一項第七号・この規定及び第百三十五条の中だけ
別表第一の二十四の項の事項についての審判事件
わかりやすく言うと
保佐人を解任する審判の事件のことです（別表第一の二十四の項）。保佐人に不正な行為、著しい不行跡その他任務に適しない事由があるとき、家庭裁判所が請求により又は職権で解任します（民法第八百七十六条の二第二項、第八百四十六条）。
定義第百二十九条第一項第九号・この規定及び第百三十五条の中だけ
別表第一の二十八の項の事項についての審判事件
わかりやすく言うと
保佐監督人を解任する審判の事件のことです（別表第一の二十八の項）。保佐監督人には、後見人の解任について定めた民法第八百四十六条が準用されます（民法第八百七十六条の三第二項）。
略称規定第百三十四条第二項・この条の中だけ
…被保佐人となるべき者の財産上の行為（民法第十三条第一項に規定する行為に限る。第五項において同じ。）につき、前項において準用する第百二十六条第一項の規定により選任される財産の管理者（以下この条において単に「財産の管理者」という。）の保佐を…
わかりやすく言うと
保佐開始の申立てがあったときに、保佐開始の審判が効力を生じるまでの間、被保佐人となるべき人の生活、療養看護又は財産の管理のため必要があるとして、家庭裁判所などが選ぶ財産の管理者のことです（第百二十六条第一項を準用）。
略称規定第百三十四条第三項・この規定及び第百三十四条第四項及び第五項の中だけ
前項の規定による審判（次項及び第五項において「保佐命令の審判」という。）は、第七十四条第一項に規定する者のほか、財産の管理者に告知しなければならない。
わかりやすく言うと
保佐開始の申立てがあり、被保佐人となるべき人の財産を守るため特に必要があるとき、申立てをした人の申立てにより、保佐開始の審判が効力を生ずるまでの間、民法第十三条第一項に掲げる行為について財産の管理者の保佐を受けるよう命ずる審判です（第百三十四条第二項）。