Article 106-11Application for Authorization
第百六条の十一（認可の申請）
A person seeking the authorization referred to in paragraph (1) or in the proviso to paragraph (3) of the preceding Article must submit a written application for authorization to the Prime Minister, in which it states the following particulars:
its trade name;
商号
the amount of stated capital;
資本金の額
the names of its directors and company auditors (or, for a company with supervisory committee, its directors; and for a company with nominating committee, etc., its directors and executive officers);
取締役及び監査役（監査等委員会設置会社にあつては取締役、指名委員会等設置会社にあつては取締役及び執行役）の氏名
for a company with accounting advisors, the names of its accounting advisors; and
会計参与設置会社にあつては、会計参与の氏名又は名称
the names and locations of its head office and other business offices.
本店その他の営業所の名称及び所在地
The articles of incorporation and other documents specified by Cabinet Office Order must accompany the written application for authorization referred to in the preceding paragraph.
前項の認可申請書には、定款その他内閣府令で定める書類を添付しなければならない。
The provisions of Article 81, paragraph (3) apply mutatis mutandis to the articles of incorporation referred to in the preceding paragraph.
Article 106-12Examination Criteria for Authorization
第百六条の十二（認可審査基準）
When an application for authorization under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is filed, the Prime Minister must examine whether the application conforms to the following criteria:
内閣総理大臣は、前条第一項の規定による認可の申請があつた場合においては、その申請が次に掲げる基準に適合するかどうかを審査しなければならない。
the applicant for authorization or the company that would be incorporated after obtaining authorization (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "applicant for authorization, etc." in this Article) is a person whose sole purpose is to have an incorporated financial instruments exchange, an incorporated financial instruments exchange, or any of the following companies, as its subsidiary company:
認可申請者又は認可を受けて設立される会社（以下この条において「認可申請者等」という。）が専ら株式会社金融商品取引所又は株式会社金融商品取引所及び次のいずれかに掲げる会社を子会社として保有することを目的とする者であること。
a company engaged in business incidental to the operation of a financial instruments exchange market;
取引所金融商品市場の開設に附帯する業務を行う会社
a company engaged in business that is linked to the operation of a financial instruments exchange market;
取引所金融商品市場の開設に関連する業務を行う会社
a company engaged in the operation of a commodity market; or
商品市場開設業務を行う会社
a company engaged in business that is linked to the operation of the necessary market for effecting commodity futures transactions;
商品先物取引をするために必要な市場の開設に関連する業務を行う会社
the applicant for authorization, etc. and the incorporated financial instruments exchange that would become its subsidiary company have good prospects in terms of income and expenditures;
認可申請者等及びその子会社となる株式会社金融商品取引所の収支の見込みが良好であること。
in light of its personnel structure, the applicant for authorization, etc. has the knowledge and experience to manage the business of the incorporated financial instruments exchange that is to become its subsidiary company, in an appropriate and fair manner; and
認可申請者等がその人的構成に照らして、その子会社となる株式会社金融商品取引所の経営管理を適確かつ公正に遂行することができる知識及び経験を有すること。
the applicant for authorization has sufficient social credibility.
認可申請者が十分な社会的信用を有する者であること。
If, as a result of having conducted an examination pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister finds that an application conforms to the criteria in that paragraph, the Prime Minister must grant authorization, except in a case that falls under any of the following items:
the applicant for authorization, etc. is not a stock company (meaning a stock company that has in place the following organs):
認可申請者等が株式会社（次に掲げる機関を置くものに限る。）でないとき。
a board of directors; and
取締役会
a company auditor, supervisory committee, or nominating committee, etc.;
監査役、監査等委員会又は指名委員会等
the applicant for authorization is a person that has been sentenced to a fine (including an equivalent sentence under foreign laws and regulations) for violating the provisions of this Act or the Act on the Provision of Financial Services and the Development of the Accessible Environment Thereto or for violating the provisions of a foreign law or regulation that is equivalent to one of these Acts, and five years have not passed since the day on which the person finished serving the sentence or ceased to be subject to its enforcement;
認可申請者がこの法律若しくは金融サービスの提供及び利用環境の整備等に関する法律又はこれらに相当する外国の法令の規定に違反し、罰金の刑（これに相当する外国の法令による刑を含む。）に処せられ、その刑の執行を終わり、又はその刑の執行を受けることがなくなつた日から五年を経過するまでの者であるとき。
the applicant for authorization is a person that has had their license rescinded pursuant to the provisions of Article 148, Article 152, paragraph (1), Article 156-17, paragraph (1) or (2), Article 148 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 156-26, or Article 156-32, paragraph (1); a person that has had their registration rescinded pursuant to the provisions of Article 52, paragraph (1), Article 53, paragraph (3), Article 57-6, paragraph (3), Article 66-20, paragraph (1), Article 66-42, paragraph (1), Article 66-63, paragraph (1) or Article 66-85, paragraph (1); a person that has had their authorization rescinded pursuant to the provisions of Article 106-7, paragraph (1), Article 106-21, paragraph (1), Article 106-28, paragraph (1) or Article 156-5-9, paragraph (1); a person that has had their registration referred to in Article 12 of the Act on the Provision of Financial Services and the Development of the Accessible Environment Thereto (limited to the registration related to the type of securities, etc. intermediary business operations) rescinded pursuant to the provisions of Article 38, paragraph (1) of that Act (excluding items (ii), (iii), and (v)); or a person that had a license or registration of the same kind obtained in a foreign country rescinded pursuant to the provisions of a foreign law or regulation that is equivalent to this Act or the Act on the Provision of Financial Services and the Development of the Accessible Environment Thereto (including permission or any other administrative disposition similar to the license or registration); for whom five years have not passed since the date of the rescission;
認可申請者が第百四十八条、第百五十二条第一項、第百五十六条の十七第一項若しくは第二項、第百五十六条の二十六において準用する第百四十八条若しくは第百五十六条の三十二第一項の規定により免許を取り消され、第五十二条第一項、第五十三条第三項、第五十七条の六第三項、第六十六条の二十第一項、第六十六条の四十二第一項、第六十六条の六十三第一項若しくは第六十六条の八十五第一項の規定により登録を取り消され、若しくは第百六条の七第一項、第百六条の二十一第一項、第百六条の二十八第一項若しくは第百五十六条の五の九第一項の規定により認可を取り消され、若しくは金融サービスの提供及び利用環境の整備等に関する法律第三十八条第一項（第二号、第三号及び第五号を除く。）の規定により同法第十二条の登録（有価証券等仲介業務の種別に係るものに限る。）を取り消され、又はこの法律若しくは金融サービスの提供及び利用環境の整備等に関する法律に相当する外国の法令の規定により当該外国において受けている同種類の免許若しくは登録（当該免許又は登録に類する許可その他の行政処分を含む。）を取り消され、その取消しの日から五年を経過するまでの者であるとき。
the applicant for authorization, etc. has a person falling under any of the provisions of Article 82, paragraph (2), item (iii), (a) through (f) as an officer; or
認可申請者等の役員のうちに第八十二条第二項第三号イからヘまでのいずれかに該当する者があるとき。
the application for authorization, or a document or electronic or magnetic record that is required to be attached to it contains a false statement or false record regarding a material particular.
認可申請書又はこれに添付すべき書類若しくは電磁的記録のうちに重要な事項について虚偽の記載又は記録があるとき。
Article 106-13Application, Mutatis Mutandis of Provisions on Refusal of Authorization
第百六条の十三（認可の拒否等に係る規定の準用）
The provisions of Article 85-4 apply mutatis mutandis to the authorization referred to in Article 106-10, paragraph (1) and in the proviso to paragraph (3) of that Article.
Article 106-14Limitation on the Holding of Voting Rights
第百六条の十四（議決権の保有制限）
It is prohibited for any person to acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company which is equal to or greater than the threshold holding ratio of all shareholders' voting rights; provided, however, that this does not apply if an authorized financial instruments firms association, financial instruments exchange, or commodity exchange acquires or holds subject voting rights.
何人も、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有してはならない。ただし、認可金融商品取引業協会、金融商品取引所又は商品取引所が取得し、又は保有する場合は、この限りでない。
If the number of subject voting rights that the person holds does not increase or in any other case specified by Cabinet Office Order, the provisions of the main clause of the preceding paragraph do not apply to a person acquiring or holding a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company which is equal to or greater than the threshold holding ratio of all shareholders' voting rights.
前項本文の規定は、保有する対象議決権の数に増加がない場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合において、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することとなるときには、適用しない。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, a person that comes to acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company which is equal to or greater than the threshold holding ratio of all shareholders' voting rights (hereinafter referred to as a "specified holder" in this Article) must notify the Prime Minister without delay that it has become a specified holder and of the matters specified by Cabinet Office Order.
前項の場合において、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することとなつた者（以下この条において「特定保有者」という。）は、特定保有者になつた旨その他内閣府令で定める事項を、遅滞なく、内閣総理大臣に届け出なければならない。
In the case referred to in paragraph (2), a specified holder must take the necessary measures to become the holder of a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company which is less than the threshold holding ratio, within three months from the day on which that person becomes a specified holder; provided, however, that this does not apply if the specified holder is a local government, etc. and the local government, etc. obtains the authorization of the Prime Minister pursuant to the provisions of Article 106-17, paragraph (1).
第二項の場合において、特定保有者は、特定保有者となつた日から三月以内に、金融商品取引所持株会社の保有基準割合未満の数の対象議決権の保有者となるために必要な措置をとらなければならない。ただし、当該特定保有者が地方公共団体等である場合であつて、当該地方公共団体等が第百六条の十七第一項の規定により内閣総理大臣の認可を受けたときは、この限りでない。
Necessary particulars relevant to the application of the provisions of each of the preceding paragraphs are specified by Cabinet Order.
前各項の規定の適用に関し必要な事項は、政令で定める。
Article 106-15Submission of a Statement of Holdings in Subject Voting Rights
第百六条の十五（対象議決権保有届出書の提出）
A person that becomes the holder of subject voting rights exceeding five percent of all shareholders' voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company (hereinafter referred to as the "holder of subject voting rights" in this Article) must submit a statement of holdings in subject voting rights to the Prime Minister, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order and without delay, in which that person states the subject voting rights holding ratio (meaning the ratio arrived at by dividing the number of subject voting rights that the holder of subject voting rights holds by the number that represents all shareholders' voting rights in the financial instruments exchange holding company), the purpose for which they are held, and the matters specified by Cabinet Office Order.
金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五を超える対象議決権の保有者（以下この条において「対象議決権保有者」という。）となつた者は、内閣府令で定めるところにより、対象議決権保有割合（対象議決権保有者の保有する当該対象議決権の数を当該金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の数で除して得た割合をいう。）、保有の目的その他内閣府令で定める事項を記載した対象議決権保有届出書を、遅滞なく、内閣総理大臣に提出しなければならない。
第百六条の十六（対象議決権保有届出書の提出者に対する報告の徴取及び検査）
If the Prime Minister suspects that a statement of holdings in subject voting rights as referred to in the preceding Article contains a false statement or omits a statement as to a particular that is required to be stated, the Prime Minister may order the person submitting the statement of holdings in subject voting rights to submit reports or materials that should serve as a reference, or may have the relevant officials inspect the documents and other articles of that person (but only as is necessary in connection with what is stated in the statement of holdings in subject voting rights).
内閣総理大臣は、前条の対象議決権保有届出書のうちに虚偽の記載があり、又は記載すべき事項の記載が欠けている疑いがあると認めるときは、当該対象議決権保有届出書の提出者に対し参考となるべき報告若しくは資料の提出を命じ、又は当該職員にその者の書類その他の物件の検査（当該対象議決権保有届出書の記載に関し必要な検査に限る。）をさせることができる。
Article 106-17Authorization as a Major Shareholder
第百六条の十七（主要株主に係る認可等）
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 106-14, paragraph (1), with the authorization of the Prime Minister, a local government, etc. may acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights that is equal to or greater than the threshold holding ratio, but no greater than 50 percent, of all shareholders' voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Office Order.
地方公共団体等は、第百六条の十四第一項の規定にかかわらず、内閣府令で定めるところにより、内閣総理大臣の認可を受けて、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上百分の五十以下の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することができる。
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph and Article 106-14, paragraph (1), if the number of subject voting rights that it holds does not increase or in any other case specified by Cabinet Office Order, a local government, etc. that has obtained the authorization under the preceding paragraph may acquire or hold subject voting rights exceeding 50 percent of all shareholders' voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company.
前項の認可を受けた地方公共団体等は、同項及び第百六条の十四第一項の規定にかかわらず、その保有する対象議決権の数に増加がない場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合には、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五十を超える対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することができる。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, a local government, etc. that comes to acquire or hold subject voting rights exceeding 50 percent of all shareholders' voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company (hereinafter referred to as a "specified holding entity, etc." in this Article) must take the necessary measures for it to become the holder of a number of subject voting rights which constitutes 50 percent or less of all shareholders' voting rights in the financial instruments exchange holding company, within three months from the day on which it becomes a specified holding entity, etc.
前項の場合において、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五十を超える対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することとなつた地方公共団体等（以下この条において「特定保有団体等」という。）は、特定保有団体等となつた日から三月以内に、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五十以下の数の対象議決権の保有者となるために必要な措置をとらなければならない。
The provisions of Article 106-3, paragraphs (3) and (5) apply mutatis mutandis to a specified holding entity, etc. In this case, in paragraph (3) of that Article, the phrase "the preceding paragraph" is deemed to be replaced with "Article 106-17, paragraph (2)", and in Article 106-3, paragraph (5), the phrase "the preceding paragraph" is deemed to be replaced with "Article 106-17, paragraph (3)".
第百六条の三第三項及び第五項の規定は、特定保有団体等について準用する。この場合において、同条第三項中「前項」とあるのは「第百六条の十七第二項」と、同条第五項中「前項」とあるのは「第百六条の十七第三項」と読み替えるものとする。
The provisions of Article 30-2 apply mutatis mutandis to the authorization referred to in paragraph (1).
Article 106-18Criteria for Authorization as a Major Shareholder
第百六条の十八（主要株主に係る認可基準）
When an application is filed for the authorization referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Prime Minister must examine whether the application conforms to the following criteria:
内閣総理大臣は、前条第一項の認可の申請があつた場合においては、その申請が次に掲げる基準に適合するかどうかを審査しなければならない。
the applicant for authorization's exercise of the subject voting rights is not likely to impair the sound and appropriate operation of the business of an incorporated financial instruments exchange that is the subsidiary company of the financial instruments exchange holding company; and
認可申請者がその対象議決権を行使することにより、金融商品取引所持株会社の子会社である株式会社金融商品取引所の業務の健全かつ適切な運営を損なうおそれがないこと。
the applicant for authorization has a sufficient understanding of the public nature of the business of a financial instruments exchange.
認可申請者が金融商品取引所の業務の公共性に関し十分な理解を有すること。
The provisions of Article 82, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to the authorization referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. In this case, in Article 82, paragraph (2), the phrase "the preceding paragraph" is deemed to be replaced with "Article 106-18, paragraph (1)", the phrase ", Article 156-17, paragraph (1) or (2)" is deemed to be replaced with ", Article 156-17, paragraph (1) or (2); Article 156-20-14, paragraph (1) or (2)", and the phrase ", Article 106-28, paragraph (1)" is deemed to be replaced with ", Article 106-28, paragraph (1); Article 155-6; Article 155-10, paragraph (1)"; and any other necessary technical replacement of terms is specified by Cabinet Order.
第八十二条第二項の規定は、前条第一項の認可について準用する。この場合において、第八十二条第二項中「前項」とあるのは「第百六条の十八第一項」と、「、第百五十六条の十七第一項若しくは第二項」とあるのは「、第百五十六条の十七第一項若しくは第二項、第百五十六条の二十の十四第一項若しくは第二項」と、「、第百六条の二十八第一項」とあるのは「、第百六条の二十八第一項、第百五十五条の六、第百五十五条の十第一項」と読み替えるものとするほか、必要な技術的読替えは、政令で定める。
Article 106-19Mutatis Mutandis Application of Provisions on Refusal of Authorization
第百六条の十九（認可の拒否等に係る規定の準用）
The provisions of Article 85-4 apply mutatis mutandis to the authorization referred to in Article 106-17, paragraph (1).
第八十五条の四の規定は、第百六条の十七第一項の認可について準用する。
Article 106-20Collection of Reports and Inspection of Major Shareholders
第百六条の二十（主要株主に対する報告の徴取及び検査）
If the Prime Minister finds it to be necessary and appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of investors, the Prime Minister may order the major shareholder of a financial instruments exchange holding company (meaning a person that has obtained the authorization referred to in Article 106-17, paragraph (1); hereinafter the same applies in this Division) to submit reports or materials of reference in connection with the business or assets of the financial instruments exchange holding company or an incorporated financial instruments exchange that is its subsidiary company, or may have the relevant officials inspect the documents and other articles of such a major shareholder (but only as is necessary in connection with the business or assets of the financial instruments exchange holding company or an incorporated financial instruments exchange that is its subsidiary company).
内閣総理大臣は、公益又は投資者保護のため必要かつ適当であると認めるときは、金融商品取引所持株会社の主要株主（第百六条の十七第一項の認可を受けた者をいう。以下この目において同じ。）に対し当該金融商品取引所持株会社若しくはその子会社である株式会社金融商品取引所の業務若しくは財産に関し参考となる報告若しくは資料の提出を命じ、又は当該職員に当該主要株主の書類その他の物件の検査（当該金融商品取引所持株会社又はその子会社である株式会社金融商品取引所の業務又は財産に関し必要な検査に限る。）をさせることができる。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to a commodity exchange that holds a number of subject voting rights in an incorporated financial instruments exchange which is equal to or greater than the threshold holding ratio.
前項の規定は、金融商品取引所持株会社の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を保有する商品取引所について準用する。
(Authorization)
A person seeking to have an incorporated financial instruments exchange as its subsidiary company, or a person seeking to incorporate as a company that has an incorporated financial instruments…
株式会社金融商品取引所を子会社としようとする者又は株式会社金融商品取引所を子会社とする会社の設立をしようとする者は、あらかじめ、内閣総理大臣の認可を受けなければならない。ただし、認可金融商品取引業協会、金融商品取引所、商品取引所又は商品取引所持株会社が株式会社金融商品取引所を子会社とする場合は、この限りでない。
Open this provision(Authorization)
In the case prescribed in the preceding paragraph, a company that comes to have an incorporated financial instruments exchange as its subsidiary company…
前項に規定する場合において、株式会社金融商品取引所を子会社とすることとなつた会社（以下この条において「特定持株会社」という。）は、特定持株会社となつた日から三月以内に、株式会社金融商品取引所を子会社とする会社でなくなるために必要な措置をとらなければならない。
Open this provision(Application for Authorization)
A person seeking the authorization referred to in paragraph (1) or in the proviso to paragraph (3) of the preceding Article must submit a written application for authorization to the Prime Minister…
前条第一項又は第三項ただし書の認可を受けようとする者は、次に掲げる事項を記載した認可申請書を内閣総理大臣に提出しなければならない。
Open this provision(Application for Authorization)
The articles of incorporation and other documents specified by Cabinet Office Order must accompany the written application for authorization referred to in the preceding paragraph.
前項の認可申請書には、定款その他内閣府令で定める書類を添付しなければならない。
Open this provision(Examination Criteria for Authorization)
When an application for authorization under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is filed, the Prime Minister must examine whether the application conforms to the following…
内閣総理大臣は、前条第一項の規定による認可の申請があつた場合においては、その申請が次に掲げる基準に適合するかどうかを審査しなければならない。
Open this provision(Examination Criteria for Authorization)
When an application for authorization under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is filed, the Prime Minister must examine whether the application conforms to the following…
内閣総理大臣は、前条第一項の規定による認可の申請があつた場合においては、その申請が次に掲げる基準に適合するかどうかを審査しなければならない。
Open this provision(Limitation on the Holding of Voting Rights)
It is prohibited for any person to acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company which is equal to or greater than the threshold holding ratio…
何人も、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有してはならない。ただし、認可金融商品取引業協会、金融商品取引所又は商品取引所が取得し、又は保有する場合は、この限りでない。
Open this provision(Limitation on the Holding of Voting Rights)
It is prohibited for any person to acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company which is equal to or greater than the threshold holding ratio…
何人も、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有してはならない。ただし、認可金融商品取引業協会、金融商品取引所又は商品取引所が取得し、又は保有する場合は、この限りでない。
Open this provision(Limitation on the Holding of Voting Rights)
If the number of subject voting rights that the person holds does not increase or in any other case specified by Cabinet Office Order, the provisions of the main clause of the preceding paragraph do…
前項本文の規定は、保有する対象議決権の数に増加がない場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合において、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することとなるときには、適用しない。
Open this provision(Limitation on the Holding of Voting Rights)
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, a person that comes to acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company which is equal to or…
前項の場合において、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することとなつた者（以下この条において「特定保有者」という。）は、特定保有者になつた旨その他内閣府令で定める事項を、遅滞なく、内閣総理大臣に届け出なければならない。
Open this provision(Limitation on the Holding of Voting Rights)
In the case referred to in paragraph (2), a specified holder must take the necessary measures to become the holder of a number of subject voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding…
第二項の場合において、特定保有者は、特定保有者となつた日から三月以内に、金融商品取引所持株会社の保有基準割合未満の数の対象議決権の保有者となるために必要な措置をとらなければならない。
Open this provision(Submission of a Statement of Holdings in Subject Voting Rights)
A person that becomes the holder of subject voting rights exceeding five percent of all shareholders' voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company…
金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五を超える対象議決権の保有者（以下この条において「対象議決権保有者」という。）となつた者は、内閣府令で定めるところにより、対象議決権保有割合（対象議決権保有者の保有する当該対象議決権の数を当該金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の数で除して得た割合をいう。）…
Open this provision(Authorization as a Major Shareholder)
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 106-14, paragraph (1), with the authorization of the Prime Minister, a local government, etc. may acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights that is…
地方公共団体等は、第百六条の十四第一項の規定にかかわらず、内閣府令で定めるところにより、内閣総理大臣の認可を受けて、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上百分の五十以下の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することができる。
Open this provision(Authorization as a Major Shareholder)
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 106-14, paragraph (1), with the authorization of the Prime Minister, a local government, etc. may acquire or hold a number of subject voting rights that is…
地方公共団体等は、第百六条の十四第一項の規定にかかわらず、内閣府令で定めるところにより、内閣総理大臣の認可を受けて、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の保有基準割合以上百分の五十以下の数の対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することができる。
Open this provision(Authorization as a Major Shareholder)
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph and Article 106-14, paragraph (1), if the number of subject voting rights that it holds does not increase or in any other case specified by…
前項の認可を受けた地方公共団体等は、同項及び第百六条の十四第一項の規定にかかわらず、その保有する対象議決権の数に増加がない場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合には、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五十を超える対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することができる。
Open this provision(Authorization as a Major Shareholder)
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, a local government, etc. that comes to acquire or hold subject voting rights exceeding 50 percent of all shareholders' voting rights in a financial…
前項の場合において、金融商品取引所持株会社の総株主の議決権の百分の五十を超える対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することとなつた地方公共団体等（以下この条において「特定保有団体等」という。）は、特定保有団体等となつた日から三月以内に…
Open this provision(Criteria for Authorization as a Major Shareholder)
When an application is filed for the authorization referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Prime Minister must examine whether the application conforms to the following criteria:
内閣総理大臣は、前条第一項の認可の申請があつた場合においては、その申請が次に掲げる基準に適合するかどうかを審査しなければならない。
Open this provision(Collection of Reports and Inspection of Major Shareholders)
If the Prime Minister finds it to be necessary and appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of investors, the Prime Minister may order the major shareholder of a financial instruments…
内閣総理大臣は、公益又は投資者保護のため必要かつ適当であると認めるときは、金融商品取引所持株会社の主要株主（第百六条の十七第一項の認可を受けた者をいう。以下この目において同じ。）に対し当該金融商品取引所持株会社若しくはその子会社である株式会社金融商品取引所の業務若しくは財産に関し参考となる報告若しくは資料の提出を命じ…
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions for Major Shareholders)
If the major shareholder of a financial instruments exchange holding company violates a law or regulation, or if it is found that the act of a major shareholder is likely to impair the sound and…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引所持株会社の主要株主が法令に違反したとき、又は主要株主の行為が当該金融商品取引所持株会社の子会社である株式会社金融商品取引所の業務の健全かつ適切な運営を損なうおそれがあると認めるときは、当該主要株主に対し第百六条の十七第一項の認可を取り消し…
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions)
If a financial instruments exchange holding company violates a law or regulation, or if the Prime Minister finds it to be necessary, in light of the state of the business of a financial instruments…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引所持株会社が法令に違反したとき、又は金融商品取引所持株会社の業務の状況に照らして、その子会社である株式会社金融商品取引所の業務の公共性に対する信頼及び健全かつ適切な運営を確保するために必要があると認めるときは…
Open this provision(Authorization)
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph and Article 103-2, paragraph (1), if the number of subject voting rights that it holds does not increase…
前項の認可を受けた地方公共団体等は、同項及び第百三条の二第一項の規定にかかわらず、その保有する対象議決権の数に増加がない場合その他の内閣府令で定める場合には、株式会社金融商品取引所の総株主の議決権の百分の五十を超える対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することができる。
Open this provision(Authorization)
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the local government, etc. that has come to acquire or hold subject voting rights exceeding 50 percent of all shareholders' voting rights in an…
前項の場合において、株式会社金融商品取引所の総株主の議決権の百分の五十を超える対象議決権を取得し、又は保有することとなつた地方公共団体等（以下この条において「特定保有団体等」という。）は、特定保有団体等になつた旨その他内閣府令で定める事項を、遅滞なく、内閣総理大臣に届け出なければならない。
Open this provision(Authorization)
In the case referred to in paragraph (2), the specified holding entity, etc. must take the necessary measures for it to become the holder of a number of subject voting rights that constitutes 50…
第二項の場合において、特定保有団体等は、特定保有団体等となつた日から三月以内に、株式会社金融商品取引所の総株主の議決権の百分の五十以下の数の対象議決権の保有者となるために必要な措置をとらなければならない。
Open this provision(Authorization)
If, pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, a specified holding entity, etc. becomes the holder of a number of subject voting rights that constitutes 50 percent or less of all…
特定保有団体等は、前項の規定により株式会社金融商品取引所の総株主の議決権の百分の五十以下の数の対象議決権の保有者となつたときは、遅滞なく、その旨を内閣総理大臣に届け出なければならない。
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions)
If the major shareholder of an incorporated financial instruments exchange violates a law or regulation or if it is found that the conduct of a major shareholder is likely to impair the sound and…
内閣総理大臣は、株式会社金融商品取引所の主要株主が法令に違反したとき、又は主要株主の行為が株式会社金融商品取引所の業務の健全かつ適切な運営を損なうおそれがあると認めるときは、当該主要株主に対し第百六条の三第一項の認可を取り消し、その他監督上必要な措置をとることを命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Revocation of a License)
If a financial instruments exchange is discovered to have fallen under any of the categories in the items of Article 82, paragraph (2) at the time it obtained its license…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引所がその免許を受けた当時既に第八十二条第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その免許を取り消すことができる。
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions for Financial Instruments Exchanges)
If a financial instruments exchange falls under a case specified in any of the following items and the Prime Minister finds it to be necessary and appropriate in the public interest or for the…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引所が次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合において、公益又は投資者保護のため必要かつ適当であると認めるときは、当該各号に定める処分をすることができる。
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions for Foreign Financial Instruments Exchanges)
If a foreign financial instruments exchange falls under any of the cases in the following items and the Prime Minister finds it to be necessary and appropriate in the public interest or for the…
内閣総理大臣は、外国金融商品取引所が次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合において、公益又は投資者保護のため必要かつ適当であると認めるときは、当該外国金融商品取引所の第百五十五条第一項の認可を取り消し、六月以内の期間を定めて外国市場取引の全部若しくは一部の停止を命じ…
Open this provision(Rescission of Authorization)
If a foreign financial instruments exchange is discovered to have fallen under any of the items of Article 155-3, paragraph (2) at the time of it obtained the authorization referred to in Article 155…
内閣総理大臣は、外国金融商品取引所が第百五十五条第一項の認可を受けた当時既に第百五十五条の三第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その認可を取り消すことができる。
Open this provision(Rescission of License)
If a financial instruments clearing organization is discovered to have fallen under any of the categories in the items of Article 156-4, paragraph (2) at the time it obtained its license…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引清算機関がその免許を受けた当時既に第百五十六条の四第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その免許を取り消すことができる。
Open this provision(Rescission of License)
If a financial instruments clearing organization violates a law or regulation, a disposition by a government agency which is based on a law or regulation…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引清算機関が法令、法令に基づく行政官庁の処分又は第百五十六条の六第二項ただし書若しくは第百五十六条の十九第一項の承認に付した条件に違反したときは、第百五十六条の二の免許若しくは第百五十六条の六第二項ただし書若しくは第百五十六条の十九第一項の承認を取り消し…
Open this provision(Rescission of Licenses)
If a foreign financial instruments clearing organization is discovered to have fallen under any of the categories in the items of Article 156-20-4, paragraph (2) at the time it was licensed…
内閣総理大臣は、外国金融商品取引清算機関がその免許を受けた当時既に第百五十六条の二十の四第二項各号のいずれかに該当していたことが判明したときは、その免許を取り消すことができる。
Open this provision(Rescission of Licenses)
If a foreign financial instruments clearing organization violates a law or regulation or a disposition by a government agency which is based on a law or regulation…
内閣総理大臣は、外国金融商品取引清算機関が法令又は法令に基づく行政官庁の処分に違反したときは、第百五十六条の二十の二の免許を取り消し、六月以内の期間を定めてその業務の全部若しくは一部の停止を命じ、又はその国内における代表者（国内に事務所がある場合にあつては、当該事務所に駐在する役員を含む。）の解任を命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Mutatis Mutandis Application of Provisions for Refusal of a License)
The provisions of Articles 83 and 148 apply mutatis mutandis to the license of a securities finance company. In this case, in Article 148, the phrase " any of the categories in the items of Article…
第八十三条及び第百四十八条の規定は、証券金融会社の免許について準用する。この場合において、同条中「第八十二条第二項各号のいずれか」とあるのは、「第百五十六条の二十五第二項各号のいずれか」と読み替えるものとする。
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions)
If a securities finance company violates a law or regulation or a disposition by a government agency which is based on a law or regulation, the Prime Minister may rescind its license or order the…
内閣総理大臣は、証券金融会社が、法令又は法令に基づいてする行政官庁の処分に違反したときは、その免許を取り消し、又は六月以内の期間を定めてその業務の全部若しくは一部の停止を命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions for Major Shareholders)
If the major shareholder of a financial instruments clearing organization violates a law or regulation, or if it is found that the conduct of a major shareholder is likely to impair the sound and…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引清算機関の主要株主が法令に違反したとき、又は主要株主の行為が当該金融商品取引清算機関の業務の健全かつ適切な運営を損なうおそれがあると認めるときは、当該主要株主に対し第百五十六条の五の五第一項又は第四項ただし書の認可を取り消し、その他監督上必要な措置をとることを命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Conditions on Authorization)
The Prime Minister may attach conditions to the authorization referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
内閣総理大臣は、前条第一項の認可に条件を付することができる。
Open this provision(Supervisory Measures for Financial Instruments Business Operators)
If a financial instruments business operator falls under any of the following items, the Prime Minister may rescind its Article 29 registration, rescind its Article 30, paragraph (1) authorization…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品取引業者が次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合においては、当該金融商品取引業者の第二十九条の登録を取り消し、第三十条第一項の認可を取り消し、又は六月以内の期間を定めて業務の全部若しくは一部の停止を命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Orders Involving the Capital Adequacy Ratio)
If the Prime Minister orders the suspension of all or part of the business pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and finds that the capital adequacy ratio of the financial…
内閣総理大臣は、前項の規定により業務の全部又は一部の停止を命じた場合において、その日から三月を経過した日における当該金融商品取引業者の自己資本規制比率が引き続き百パーセントを下回り、かつ、当該金融商品取引業者の自己資本規制比率の状況が回復する見込みがないと認められるときは…
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions Corresponding with the Soundness of Management)
If the Prime Minister orders a special financial instruments business operator to suspend all or part of the business pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1)…
内閣総理大臣は、第一項の規定により特別金融商品取引業者に対しその業務の全部又は一部の停止を命じた場合において、その日から三月を経過した日において当該特別金融商品取引業者及びその子法人等の経営の健全性の状況が改善せず、かつ、改善する見込みがないと認められるときは…
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions)
If a financial instruments intermediary service provider falls under any of the following items, the Prime Minister may rescind its Article 66 registration…
内閣総理大臣は、金融商品仲介業者が次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合においては、当該金融商品仲介業者の第六十六条の登録を取り消し、六月以内の期間を定めて業務の全部又は一部の停止を命じ、業務の方法の変更を命じ、その他監督上必要な事項を命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions)
If a credit rating agency falls under any of the following items, the Prime Minister may rescind its Article 66-27 registration, or may order the suspension of all or part of the business during a…
内閣総理大臣は、信用格付業者が次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合においては、当該信用格付業者の第六十六条の二十七の登録を取り消し、又は六月以内の期間を定めて信用格付業の業務の全部若しくは一部の停止を命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Supervisory Dispositions)
If a high-speed trader falls under any of the following items, the Prime Minister may rescind its registration referred to in Article 66-50 or order the suspension of all or part of the business…
内閣総理大臣は、高速取引行為者が次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合においては、当該高速取引行為者の第六十六条の五十の登録を取り消し、又は六月以内の期間を定めて業務の全部若しくは一部の停止を命ずることができる。
Open this provisionSupervisory Dispositions
In the case where an investment management-related services contractor falls under any of the following items, the Prime Minister may rescind the Article 66-71 registration of that investment…
内閣総理大臣は、投資運用関係業務受託業者が次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合においては、当該投資運用関係業務受託業者の第六十六条の七十一の登録を取り消し、又は六月以内の期間を定めて投資運用関係業務受託業の業務の全部若しくは一部の停止を命ずることができる。
Open this provision(Application for License)
In a case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the articles of incorporation have been prepared as electronic or magnetic records, the electronic or magnetic records…
前項の場合において、定款が電磁的記録で作成されているときは、書面に代えて電磁的記録（内閣府令で定めるものに限る。）を添付することができる。
Open this provision(Licensing Examination Criteria)
When a license application under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is filed, the Prime Minister must examine whether the application conforms to the following criteria:
内閣総理大臣は、前条第一項の規定による免許の申請があつた場合においては、その申請が次に掲げる基準に適合するかどうかを審査しなければならない。
Open this provision(Licensing Examination Criteria)
If, as a result of having conducted an examination pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister finds that an application conforms to the criteria in that paragraph…
内閣総理大臣は、前項の規定により審査した結果、その申請が同項の基準に適合していると認めたときは、次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合を除いて、その免許を与えなければならない。
Open this provision(Licensing Examination Criteria)
the license applicant has a person falling under any of the provisions of the following sub-items (a) through (f) as an officer:
免許申請者の役員のうちに次のイからヘまでのいずれかに該当する者があるとき。
Open this provision(Hearing When Authorization Is Not Granted)
If an application for authorization under the provisions of Article 85-2, paragraph (1) is filed and the Prime Minister finds it inappropriate to grant that authorization…
内閣総理大臣は、第八十五条の二第一項の規定による認可の申請があつた場合において、その認可を与えることが適当でないと認めるときは、認可申請者に通知して、当該職員に審問を行わせなければならない。
Open this provisionauthorized financial instruments firms association
「認可金融商品取引業協会」
An association established under Subsection 1 of Section 1 of Chapter IV, whose purpose is to make the trading of securities and derivatives transactions, etc. fair and smooth and to contribute to the sound development of financial instruments business and to investor protection (Article 67).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (13)· applies throughout the law
financial instruments exchange
「金融商品取引所」
A membership corporation (金融商品会員制法人) or stock company (株式会社) licensed by the Prime Minister under Article 80, paragraph (1) to open a financial instruments market (金融商品市場).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (16)· applies throughout the law
financial instruments exchange market
「取引所金融商品市場」
A financial instruments market (金融商品市場) opened by a financial instruments exchange (金融商品取引所).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (17)· applies throughout the law
incorporated financial instruments exchange
「株式会社金融商品取引所」
A stock company that operates a financial instruments exchange market.
Short name set inArticle 2, paragraph (18)
financial instruments exchange holding company
「金融商品取引所持株会社」
A stock company that has as its subsidiary company (子会社) a stock company opening a financial instruments exchange market (株式会社金融商品取引所), and that was incorporated with, or has received, the Prime Minister's authorization under Article 106-10, paragraph (1) or the proviso to paragraph (3) of that Article.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (18)· applies throughout the law
effecting commodity futures transactions
「商品先物取引」
A futures transaction as defined in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Commodity Derivatives Transaction Act: one of the transactions that paragraph lists — such as futures sales, price-difference transactions and options on commodities or commodity indices — carried out on a commodity market under the standards and methods a commodity exchange sets.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (37)
commodity exchange
「商品取引所」
A member commodity exchange (会員商品取引所) or an incorporated commodity exchange (株式会社商品取引所) under the Commodity Derivatives Transaction Act — a membership association, or a stock company holding a permit, that opens a market for futures transactions in commodities or commodity indices — the incorporated ones limited to those a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies as regulated to a level equal to incorporated financial instruments exchanges.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (38)· applies throughout the law
electronic or magnetic recordmachine translation
「電磁的記録」
A record made in electronic, magnetic or any other form people cannot perceive directly, for use in computer processing.
Defined inArticle 13, paragraph (5)
securities, etc. intermediary businessmachine translation
「有価証券等仲介業務」
Securities, etc. intermediary business as defined in Article 11, paragraph (4) of the Act on the Provision of Financial Services and the Development of the Accessible Environment Thereto (Act No. 101 of 2000); in this Act a financial service intermediary (金融サービス仲介業者) is counted only where it carries on this business.
Defined inArticle 15, paragraph (1)
officer
「役員」
A director, accounting advisor, company auditor or executive officer, or a person equivalent to one, in this Act other than Articles 163 to 167.
Defined inArticle 21, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies from here on, except in Articles 163 to 167
nominating committees, etc.machine translation
「指名委員会等」
The three committees of a company with nominating committee, etc.: its nominating committee, audit committee and remuneration committee.
Defined inArticle 29-4, paragraph (1), item (v), (a)
voting rightsmachine translation
「議決権」
From Article 29-4, paragraph (2) on, the voting rights of all the shareholders, partners, members, cooperative members or contributors of an entity (総株主等の議決権); for a stock company, not counting votes on shares that cannot be voted on any matter a shareholders' meeting may resolve, and counting votes on shares deemed to carry voting rights under Article 879, paragraph (3) of the Companies Act.
Defined inArticle 29-4, paragraph (2)
operation of a commodity market
「商品市場開設業務」
The business of operating a market needed for commodity futures transactions (商品先物取引), including business incidental to it.
Short name set inArticle 87-3, paragraph (1)
business management
「経営管理」
In Article 87-4-2, setting the basic management policy of a financial instruments exchange group (金融商品取引所グループ), or a similar policy a Cabinet Office Order (内閣府令) specifies, and securing its proper implementation; making the necessary adjustments where the interests of group companies conflict; building the system a Cabinet Office Order specifies to keep the group's business within laws and regulations; and other matters a Cabinet Office Order specifies for public trust in, and sound operation of, the group's business.
Defined inArticle 87-4-2, paragraph (2)
subsidiary company
「子会社」
A subsidiary company (子会社) as defined in Article 87-3, paragraph (3): a company in which a corporation holds a majority of the voting rights of all its shareholders, etc., including one in which the corporation and its subsidiary companies, or those subsidiary companies alone, hold such a majority.
Defined inArticle 102-23, paragraph (3)· applies only in this chapter
threshold holding ratio
「保有基準割合」
In Chapter 5, 20 percent of the voting rights of all shareholders of an incorporated financial instruments exchange (株式会社金融商品取引所), or 15 percent where a fact a Cabinet Office Order (内閣府令) specifies suggests material influence over its financial and business policies.
Short name set inArticle 103-2, paragraph (1)· applies only in this chapter
subject voting rights
「対象議決権」
In the chapter on shareholders of incorporated financial instruments exchanges, voting rights in an incorporated financial instruments exchange (株式会社金融商品取引所), including those of shares that cannot be asserted against the issuer under Article 147, paragraph (1) or Article 148, paragraph (1) of the Act on Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares, and excluding those a Cabinet Office Order (内閣府令) excludes in view of how they are acquired or held.
Short name set inArticle 103-2, paragraph (1)· applies only in this chapter
local government, etc.
「地方公共団体等」
In Articles 106-3, 106-14 and 106-17, a local government (地方公共団体) or another person a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies, which may, with the Prime Minister's authorization, acquire or hold voting rights in an incorporated financial instruments exchange from the holding threshold (保有基準割合) up to 50 percent of all shareholders' voting rights.
Short name set inArticle 106-3, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article and in Articles 106-14 and 106-17
applicant for authorization, etc.
「認可申請者等」
In Article 106-12, a person who has applied under Article 106-11, paragraph (1) for the Prime Minister's authorization, or the company to be incorporated with that authorization.
Short name set inArticle 106-12, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies only in this article
specified holder
「特定保有者」
A person that has come to acquire or hold subject voting rights (対象議決権) at or above the threshold holding ratio (保有基準割合) of all shareholders' voting rights of an incorporated financial instruments exchange (Article 103-2), a financial instruments exchange holding company (Article 106-14) or a financial instruments clearing organization (Article 156-5-5), in a case a Cabinet Office Order (内閣府令) sets, such as where the number of voting rights it holds has not increased, in which the ban on doing so does not apply.
Short name set inArticle 106-14, paragraph (3)· applies only in this article
holder of subject voting rights
「対象議決権保有者」
In Article 106-15, a person holding subject voting rights (対象議決権) of more than 5 percent of all shareholders' voting rights in a financial instruments exchange holding company (金融商品取引所持株会社).
Short name set inArticle 106-15, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article
specified holding entity, etc.
「特定保有団体等」
A local government or other body a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies (地方公共団体等) that has come to acquire or hold subject voting rights (対象議決権) of more than 50 percent of the voting rights of all shareholders of an incorporated financial instruments exchange (Article 106-3) or of a financial instruments exchange holding company (Article 106-17).
Short name set inArticle 106-17, paragraph (3)· applies only in this article
major shareholder
「主要株主」
In Chapter 5, Section 2, Subsection 2, Division 4, a local government or other person a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies that has the Prime Minister's authorization under Article 106-17, paragraph (1) to acquire or hold, in a financial instruments exchange holding company (金融商品取引所持株会社), subject voting rights (対象議決権) from the threshold holding ratio (保有基準割合) up to 50 percent of all shareholders' voting rights.
Defined inArticle 106-20, paragraph (1)· applies only in this division
articles of incorporation
定款
A company's own basic rules, written by its founders when it is formed: at least its purpose, its trade name, where its head office is, the value of the property contributed at incorporation and who the founders are (Companies Act, Article 27). A stock company's must be certified by a notary before it takes effect (Article 30, paragraph (1)), and can later be changed by a resolution of the shareholders meeting (Article 466). Many rules in the Act apply "unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise", so a company's articles decide a great deal of how the Act applies to it.
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 26, 27, 30, 466, 575 as a reference.
board of directors
取締役会
The body made up of all of a stock company's directors (Companies Act, Article 362, paragraph (1)). It decides how the company's business is carried out, supervises the directors, and appoints and removes the representative directors (代表取締役) (Article 362, paragraphs (2) and (3)) — except in a company with a nominating committee and the other committees (指名委員会等設置会社), where it appoints representative executive officers (代表執行役) instead (Articles 416 and 420). Some decisions, such as disposing of important assets or borrowing a large amount, it normally may not hand to the directors (Article 362, paragraph (4)). A company with an audit and supervisory committee (監査等委員会設置会社) can hand more of them to directors (Article 399-13, paragraphs (5) and (6)), and a company with the committees hands them to executive officers (執行役) rather than directors (Article 416, paragraphs (3) and (4)). A company chooses in its articles of incorporation whether to have one (Article 326, paragraph (2)), but a public company (公開会社), among others, must (Article 327, paragraph (1)): a public company is one whose articles of incorporation let at least some of its shares change hands without the company's approval (Article 2, item (v)). A company with a board must have at least three directors (Article 331, paragraph (5)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 2, 326, 327, 331, 362, 399-13, 416, 420 as a reference.
company auditor
監査役
An officer of a stock company, elected by the shareholders meeting (Companies Act, Article 329, paragraph (1)), whose job is to audit how the directors carry out their duties and to write an audit report on it (Article 381, paragraph (1)). Not an outside accountant — that is the financial auditor (会計監査人) — and not a director: a company auditor may not also be a director or employee of the company or its subsidiaries (Article 335, paragraph (2)). The term normally runs to the annual shareholders meeting for the last business year ending within four years of election (Article 336, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 329, 335, 336, 381 as a reference.
fine
罰金
A criminal punishment of paying money to the state, of 10,000 yen or more, or less where it is reduced (Penal Code, Article 15). It ranks below imprisonment (拘禁刑) and above penal detention (拘留) and a petty fine (科料) (Articles 9 and 10, paragraph (1)). A person who cannot pay it in full is held in a workhouse (労役場) for one day to two years, or up to three years where fines are imposed together, a period set when the sentence is passed (Article 18, paragraphs (1), (3) and (4)); not within thirty days of the sentence becoming final without the person's consent (paragraph (5)). If it is not enforced for three years after the sentence becomes final, the person is released from it by prescription (Articles 31 and 32, item (v)); the three years do not run while its execution is suspended under law or the person is abroad, and an act of execution interrupts them (Articles 33 and 34, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Penal Code, Arts. 9, 10, 15, 18, 31 to 34 as a reference.
director
取締役
An officer of a stock company, elected by the shareholders meeting (Companies Act, Article 329, paragraph (1)). Every stock company has at least one (Article 326, paragraph (1)). Where there is no board of directors, the directors run the company's business unless the articles of incorporation say otherwise (Article 348, paragraph (1)), and each of them represents it unless the company has chosen representative directors (代表取締役) or others to do that (Article 349, paragraphs (1) and (3)). Where there is a board (取締役会, board of directors), the directors are its members, and the board decides the business and normally chooses the representative directors from among them (Article 362). The term normally runs to the annual shareholders meeting for the last business year ending within two years of election (Article 332, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 326, 329, 332, 348, 349, 362 as a reference.
Prime Minister
内閣総理大臣
The head of the Cabinet. Designated by the Diet from among its own members, and appointed by the Emperor on that designation (Articles 67 and 6). The Prime Minister appoints and may dismiss the other Ministers of State at will, and a majority of them must be members of the Diet (Article 68). No Minister of State can be subjected to legal action while in office without the Prime Minister's consent (Article 75).
Written by AI using Constitution, Arts. 6, 67, 68, 75 and Wikipedia: Prime Minister of Japan as a reference.