Article 454Non-Penal Fine for Failure to File, etc. Relating to Light Motor Vehicle Tax
第四百五十四条（軽自動車税に係る不申告等に関する過料）
A municipality may establish, in its Municipal Ordinance, a provision imposing a non-penal fine of 100,000 yen or less on a person liable to pay light motor vehicle tax or a seller of light motor vehicles, etc. prescribed in Article 444, paragraph (1) if that person, without justifiable grounds, fails to file a return or report on matters to be declared or reported under Article 452.
市町村は、軽自動車税の納税義務者又は第四百四十四条第一項に規定する軽自動車等の売主が第四百五十二条の規定により申告し、又は報告すべき事項について正当な事由がなくて申告又は報告をしなかつた場合には、その者に対し、当該市町村の条例で十万円以下の過料を科する旨の規定を設けることができる。
Read this with the articles around it
Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance
条例
A rule a local government makes for itself: a prefecture (都道府県), a city, town or village (市町村), or one of Tokyo's special wards (特別区) (Local Autonomy Act, Articles 1-3, 281 and 283). Its assembly (議会), whose members the residents elect, passes it (Articles 89 and 96, paragraph (1), item (i)), and its head — the governor or the mayor (Article 139) — promulgates it, that is, makes it public so that it can take effect (Article 16). The Constitution lets local governments make them within the limits of Acts (Constitution, Article 94), and one may not go against the national laws and regulations (法令), such as Acts, Cabinet Orders (政令) and Ministerial Orders (省令) (Local Autonomy Act, Article 14, paragraph (1)). Unless national laws and regulations provide otherwise, a local government can impose a duty or restrict a right only by one of these (Article 14, paragraph (2)), and it may write into one penalties for breaking it, within limits the Local Autonomy Act sets (Article 14, paragraph (3)). It is made for that local government's own affairs (Article 2, paragraph (2) and Article 14, paragraph (1)), so the same matter can be handled differently from one place to the next. It is a local rule, not a national one: an "ordinance" in the name of a national rule, such as an Ordinance for Enforcement of an Act, is usually a Ministerial Order (省令) or another national instrument.
Written by AI using Constitution, Art. 94 and Local Autonomy Act, Arts. 1-3, 2, 14, 16, 89, 96, 139, 281, 283 as a reference.