第七十二条の六十三の四(総務省の職員の個人の事業税に関する調査の終了の際の手続)
If, as a result of conducting an on-site examination concerning the enterprise tax on business conducted by an individual, the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications finds no need for reassessment or determination of the total tax base amount, or for correction or determination of the number of workers at offices or places of business (meaning the number of workers prescribed in Article 72-54, paragraph (2); the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph and the following paragraph), the Minister is to notify in writing a person liable for tax who became the counterparty to questioning, inspection, etc. in that examination that, at that point, no need is found for reassessment or determination of the total tax base amount, or for correction or determination of the number of workers at offices or places of business.
総務大臣は、個人の行う事業に対する事業税に関する実地の調査を行つた結果、課税標準額の総額の更正若しくは決定又は事務所若しくは事業所の従業者の数(第七十二条の五十四第二項に規定する従業者の数をいう。以下この項及び次項において同じ。)の修正若しくは決定の必要があると認められない場合には、納税義務者であつて当該調査において質問検査等の相手方となつた者に対し、その時点において課税標準額の総額の更正若しくは決定又は事務所若しくは事業所の従業者の数の修正若しくは決定の必要があると認められない旨を書面により通知するものとする。
If, as a result of an examination concerning the enterprise tax on business conducted by an individual, the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications finds a need for reassessment or determination of the total tax base amount, or for correction or determination of the number of workers at offices or places of business, the Minister is to explain to the person liable for tax concerned that, at that point, a need is found for reassessment or determination of the total tax base amount, or for correction or determination of the number of workers at offices or places of business, and the reasons for it.
If a person liable for tax with respect to whom questioning, inspection, etc. were conducted by an on-site examination has a tax representative, and that person liable for tax consents, then notice or explanation under these provisions to that tax representative may be given in lieu of the notice or explanation under paragraph (1) or the preceding paragraph to that person liable for tax.
Article 72-63-5Delegation to Cabinet Order
第七十二条の六十三の五(政令への委任)
In addition to what is provided for in Articles 72-63 through the preceding Article, matters necessary for the conduct of examinations concerning individual enterprise tax by officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications are specified by Cabinet Order.
第七十二条の六十三から前条までに定めるもののほか、総務省の職員の個人の事業税に関する調査の実施に関し必要な事項は、政令で定める。
第七十二条の六十四(個人の事業税に係る総務省の職員の行う検査拒否等に関する罪)
In a case that falls under any of the following items, the person who committed the violation is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than one year or a fine of not more than 500,000 yen:
次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合には、その違反行為をした者は、一年以下の拘禁刑又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
if the person refuses, obstructs or evades an inspection of books and documents or other articles under Article 72-63, paragraph (1);
第七十二条の六十三第一項の規定による帳簿書類その他の物件の検査を拒み、妨げ、又は忌避したとき。
if the person, without justifiable grounds, fails to comply with a request for the presentation or submission of articles under Article 72-63, paragraph (1), or presents or submits books and documents or other articles (including copies thereof) containing false entries or records;
第七十二条の六十三第一項の規定による物件の提示又は提出の要求に対し、正当な理由がなくこれに応ぜず、又は偽りの記載若しくは記録をした帳簿書類その他の物件(その写しを含む。)を提示し、若しくは提出したとき。
if the person fails to answer, or gives a false answer to, a question by an official designated by the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications under Article 72-63, paragraph (1).
第七十二条の六十三第一項の規定による総務省指定職員の質問に対し答弁をしないとき、又は虚偽の答弁をしたとき。
Where a representative of a corporation, or an agent, employee or other worker of a corporation or person, has committed a violation set forth in the preceding paragraph in connection with the business or property of that corporation or person, in addition to punishing the offender, the fine prescribed in that paragraph is to be imposed on that corporation or person.
Where the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to an association or foundation without juridical personality, in addition to the representative or administrator of the association or foundation without juridical personality representing it in its procedural acts, the provisions of laws and regulations concerning criminal proceedings in the case where a corporation is the defendant or suspect apply mutatis mutandis.
人格のない社団等について前項の規定の適用がある場合には、その代表者又は管理人がその訴訟行為につき当該人格のない社団等を代表するほか、法人を被告人又は被疑者とする場合の刑事訴訟に関する法律の規定を準用する。
No English for this paragraph yet.
削除
Subsection 4 Demand and Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures
第四款 督促及び滞納処分
Article 72-66Demand Concerning Enterprise Tax
第七十二条の六十六(事業税に係る督促)
If a taxpayer fails to pay in full the local government levies relating to the enterprise tax by the due date for payment (in the case where reassessment or determination has been made of the enterprise tax on business conducted by a corporation, meaning the due date for payment of the shortfall tax amount; the same applies hereinafter to the enterprise tax on business conducted by a corporation), a prefectural tax collection official must issue a demand letter within 20 days after the due date for payment; provided, however, that this does not apply in the case of advance collection.
With respect to local government levies relating to the enterprise tax for which collection has been deferred under Article 15-4, paragraph (1), notwithstanding the main clause of the preceding paragraph, a demand letter may be issued only where they are not paid in full within the period for which collection was deferred.
A prefecture in special circumstances may, by a Prefectural Ordinance of that prefecture, provide for a period different from the period prescribed in paragraph (1).
特別の事情がある道府県においては、当該道府県の条例で第一項に規定する期間と異なる期間を定めることができる。
Article 72-67Demand Fees for Enterprise Tax
第七十二条の六十七(事業税に係る督促手数料)
When a prefectural tax collection official has issued a demand letter, the official may collect a fee in accordance with the Prefectural Ordinance of the prefecture concerned.
道府県の徴税吏員は、督促状を発した場合においては、当該道府県の条例の定めるところによつて、手数料を徴収することができる。
Article 72-68Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures for Enterprise Tax
第七十二条の六十八(事業税に係る滞納処分)
If a person delinquent in payment of the enterprise tax falls under any one of the following items, a prefectural tax collection official must seize the property of the person delinquent in payment with respect to the local government levies relating to that enterprise tax:
if the person delinquent in payment, having received a demand, fails to pay in full the local government levies relating to the enterprise tax pertaining to that demand by the day on which 10 days have elapsed counted from the day on which the demand letter was issued;
滞納者が督促を受け、その督促状を発した日から起算して十日を経過した日までにその督促に係る事業税に係る地方団体の徴収金を完納しないとき。
if the person delinquent in payment fails to pay in full the local government levies relating to the enterprise tax by the due date for payment designated by the notice concerning advance collection.
滞納者が繰上徴収に係る告知により指定された納期限までに事業税に係る地方団体の徴収金を完納しないとき。
When the preceding paragraph is applied to a secondary taxpayer or guarantor, the term "demand letter" in item (i) of that paragraph is to read "written reminder to pay".
If, by the day on which the 10 days prescribed in paragraph (1), item (i) have elapsed after the due date for payment of the local government levies relating to the enterprise tax, a fact falling under any one of the items of Article 13-2, paragraph (1) has arisen with respect to a person delinquent in payment who has received a demand, a prefectural tax collection official may seize that person's property immediately.
If a compulsory liquidation procedure has been carried out with respect to the property of a person delinquent in payment, a prefectural tax collection official must make a request for share distribution to the enforcement agency (in the case of a request for share distribution of local government levies relating to the enterprise tax for a claim set forth in Article 114, item (i) of the Bankruptcy Act, the court handling the bankruptcy case relating to that request for share distribution) with respect to the delinquent local government levies relating to the enterprise tax.
滞納者の財産につき強制換価手続が行われた場合には、道府県の徴税吏員は、執行機関(破産法第百十四条第一号に掲げる請求権に係る事業税に係る地方団体の徴収金の交付要求を行う場合には、その交付要求に係る破産事件を取り扱う裁判所)に対し、滞納に係る事業税に係る地方団体の徴収金につき、交付要求をしなければならない。
If, in a case where a prefectural tax collection official is able to make a seizure under paragraphs (1) through (3), property of the person delinquent in payment that is listed in the items of Article 86, paragraph (1) of the National Tax Collection Act has already been seized by the delinquent tax collection procedure for other local government levies or national taxes, or by a disposition carried out in accordance with the rules for those delinquent tax collection procedures, the request for share distribution for that property may be made by participatory seizure.
道府県の徴税吏員は、第一項から第三項までの規定により差押をすることができる場合において、滞納者の財産で国税徴収法第八十六条第一項各号に掲げるものにつき、すでに他の地方団体の徴収金若しくは国税の滞納処分又はこれらの滞納処分の例による処分による差押がされているときは、当該財産についての交付要求は、参加差押によりすることができる。
Delinquent tax collection procedures for the local government levies relating to the enterprise tax, including those provided for in the preceding paragraphs, are governed by the rules for delinquent tax collection procedures prescribed in the National Tax Collection Act.
Dispositions under the preceding paragraphs may also be carried out outside the area of the prefecture concerned.
前各項の規定による処分は、当該道府県の区域外においても行うことができる。
Article 72-69Offenses Relating to Delinquent Tax Collection Procedures for Enterprise Tax
第七十二条の六十九(事業税に係る滞納処分に関する罪)
If a taxpayer of the enterprise tax, with the purpose of evading the execution of delinquent tax collection procedures, conceals or damages the taxpayer's property, disposes of it to the detriment of the prefecture, or commits an act of falsely increasing the burdens on that property, or alters its existing condition and thereby diminishes the value of that property or commits an act of increasing the expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure relating to it, that person is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than three years or a fine of not more than 2,500,000 yen, or both.
事業税の納税者が滞納処分の執行を免れる目的でその財産を隠蔽し、損壊し、若しくは道府県の不利益に処分し、その財産に係る負担を偽つて増加する行為をし、又はその現状を改変して、その財産の価額を減損し、若しくはその滞納処分に係る滞納処分費を増大させる行為をしたときは、その者は、三年以下の拘禁刑若しくは二百五十万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
The same applies where a third party in possession of the property of a taxpayer commits an act referred to in the preceding paragraph for the purpose of enabling the taxpayer to evade the execution of a delinquent tax collection procedure.
If a person, knowing the circumstances, becomes the counterparty of the taxpayer or of the third party in possession of the property in an act referred to in the preceding two paragraphs, the person who committed the violation as the counterparty is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than two years or a fine of not more than 1,500,000 yen, or both.
情を知つて前二項の行為につき納税者又はその財産を占有する第三者の相手方となつたときは、その相手方としてその違反行為をした者は、二年以下の拘禁刑若しくは百五十万円以下の罰金に処し、又はこれを併科する。
If a representative of a corporation, or an agent, employee or other worker of a corporation or a person, commits a violation prescribed in the preceding three paragraphs in connection with the business or property of that corporation or person, then in addition to punishing the offender, the fine prescribed in the relevant paragraphs is imposed on that corporation or person.
法人の代表者又は法人若しくは人の代理人、使用人その他の従業者がその法人又は人の業務又は財産に関して前三項の違反行為をした場合には、その行為者を罰するほか、その法人又は人に対し、当該各項の罰金刑を科する。
Where the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to an association or foundation without juridical personality, in addition to the representative or administrator of the association or foundation without juridical personality representing it in its procedural acts, the provisions of laws and regulations concerning criminal proceedings in the case where a corporation is the defendant or suspect apply mutatis mutandis.
人格のない社団等について前項の規定の適用がある場合には、その代表者又は管理人がその訴訟行為につき当該人格のない社団等を代表するほか、法人を被告人又は被疑者とする場合の刑事訴訟に関する法律の規定を準用する。
第七十二条の七十(国税徴収法の例による事業税に係る滞納処分に関する検査拒否等の罪)
In a case that falls under any of the following items, the person who committed the violation is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than one year or a fine of not more than 500,000 yen:
次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合には、その違反行為をした者は、一年以下の拘禁刑又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
if, in the case referred to in Article 72-68, paragraph (6), the person fails to answer or makes a false statement in response to a question by a prefectural tax collection official conducted in accordance with the provisions of Article 141 of the National Tax Collection Act;
第七十二条の六十八第六項の場合において、国税徴収法第百四十一条の規定の例により行う道府県の徴税吏員の質問に対して答弁をせず、又は偽りの陳述をしたとき。
if, in the case referred to in Article 72-68, paragraph (6), the person refuses, obstructs or evades an inspection by a prefectural tax collection official, conducted in accordance with the provisions of Article 141 of the National Tax Collection Act, of books and documents (meaning the books and documents prescribed in that Article; the same applies in the following item) or other articles;
第七十二条の六十八第六項の場合において、国税徴収法第百四十一条の規定の例により行う道府県の徴税吏員の帳簿書類(同条に規定する帳簿書類をいう。次号において同じ。)その他の物件の検査を拒み、妨げ、又は忌避したとき。
if, in the case referred to in Article 72-68, paragraph (6), the person, without justifiable grounds, fails to comply with a request by a prefectural tax collection official for the presentation or submission of articles, made in accordance with the provisions of Article 141 of the National Tax Collection Act, or presents or submits books and documents or other articles (including copies thereof) containing false entries or records.
第七十二条の六十八第六項の場合において、国税徴収法第百四十一条の規定の例により行う道府県の徴税吏員の物件の提示又は提出の要求に対し、正当な理由がなくこれに応じず、又は偽りの記載若しくは記録をした帳簿書類その他の物件(その写しを含む。)を提示し、若しくは提出したとき。
Where a representative of a corporation, or an agent, employee or other worker of a corporation or person, has committed a violation set forth in the preceding paragraph in connection with the business or property of that corporation or person, in addition to punishing the offender, the fine prescribed in that paragraph is to be imposed on that corporation or person.
Where the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to an association or foundation without juridical personality, in addition to the representative or administrator of the association or foundation without juridical personality representing it in its procedural acts, the provisions of laws and regulations concerning criminal proceedings in the case where a corporation is the defendant or suspect apply mutatis mutandis.
人格のない社団等について前項の規定の適用がある場合には、その代表者又は管理人がその訴訟行為につき当該人格のない社団等を代表するほか、法人を被告人又は被疑者とする場合の刑事訴訟に関する法律の規定を準用する。
第七十二条の七十一(国税徴収法の例による事業税に係る滞納処分に関する虚偽の陳述の罪)
In the case of Article 72-68, paragraph (6), a person who makes a false statement regarding the matters to be stated to the prefectural governor in accordance with the example of the provisions of Article 99-2 of the National Tax Collection Act (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 109, paragraph (4) of that Act) is to be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months or a fine of not more than 500,000 yen.
第七十二条の六十八第六項の場合において、国税徴収法第九十九条の二(同法第百九条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定の例により道府県知事に対して陳述すべき事項について虚偽の陳述をした者は、六月以下の拘禁刑又は五十万円以下の罰金に処する。
No English for this paragraph yet.
削除
Subsection 5 Grants to Municipalities
第五款 市町村に対する交付
第七十二条の七十六
A prefecture is, as provided by Cabinet Order, to pay to the municipalities within that prefecture, according to the category of prefecture listed in each of the following items, an amount obtained by multiplying the amount specified in the respective item by a rate specified by Cabinet Order and apportioning the result by the number of workers in each municipality based on the most recently published results of the economic structure statistics (limited to those specified by Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications), which are fundamental statistics prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (4) of the Statistics Act (Act No. 53 of 2007).
道府県は、政令で定めるところにより、当該道府県内の市町村に対し、次の各号に掲げる道府県の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める額に政令で定める率を乗じて得た額を統計法(平成十九年法律第五十三号)第二条第四項に規定する基幹統計である経済構造統計(総務省令で定めるものに限る。)の最近に公表された結果による各市町村の従業者数で按分して得た額を交付するものとする。
a prefecture that, pursuant to Article 72-24-7, paragraph (9), imposes enterprise tax at a rate exceeding the standard tax rate prescribed in paragraphs (1) through (5) of that Article (hereinafter in this item referred to as the "standard tax rate"): the amount obtained by deducting, from the amount equivalent to the amount of enterprise tax on business conducted by corporations paid to that prefecture, the amount obtained by multiplying that amount by the rate calculated as provided by Cabinet Order as the proportion of the amount equivalent to the portion that that prefecture imposes in excess of the standard tax rate;
第七十二条の二十四の七第九項の規定により同条第一項から第五項までに規定する標準税率(以下この号において「標準税率」という。)を超える税率で事業税を課する道府県 当該道府県に納付された法人の行う事業に対する事業税の額に相当する額から当該額に当該道府県が標準税率を超えて課する部分に相当する額の割合として政令で定めるところにより算定した率を乗じて得た額を控除した額
a prefecture other than the prefecture listed in the preceding item: the amount equivalent to the amount of enterprise tax on business conducted by corporations paid to that prefecture.
前号に掲げる道府県以外の道府県 当該道府県に納付された法人の行う事業に対する事業税の額に相当する額
tax collection officialmachine translation
「徴税吏員」
A prefectural governor (道府県知事) or a prefectural employee the governor has delegated, or a mayor of a municipality (市町村長) or a municipal employee the mayor has delegated.
Defined inArticle 1, paragraph (1), item (iii)· applies throughout the law
standard tax ratemachine translation
「標準税率」
The tax rate a local government (地方団体) should normally use when it levies a tax, which it need not follow where it finds this necessary for its finances or other reasons, and which the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications (総務大臣) uses as the basis for calculating standard fiscal revenue (基準財政収入額) when setting the amounts of local allocation tax (地方交付税).
Defined inArticle 1, paragraph (1), item (v)· applies throughout the law
local government leviesmachine translation
「地方団体の徴収金」
A local tax (地方税) together with its demand fee (督促手数料), delinquency charge (延滞金), additional charge for understatement (過少申告加算金), additional charge for failure to file (不申告加算金), substantial additional charge (重加算金) and delinquent disposition costs (滞納処分費).
Defined inArticle 1, paragraph (1), item (xiv)· applies throughout the law
secondary taxpayermachine translation
「第二次納税義務者」
A person who has a secondary tax liability (第二次納税義務) under Articles 11-2 to 11-10 or Article 12-2, paragraph 2 or 3 for local tax collection money (地方団体の徴収金) owed by a taxpayer or special collector (特別徴収義務者), from whom the head of the local government collects it by a written notice stating the amount, the deadline and the place of payment.
Short name set inArticle 11, paragraph (1)
compulsory liquidation proceduremachine translation
「強制換価手続」
Any procedure that sells a debtor's property by force: delinquent tax collection (滞納処分) and procedures run in the same way, compulsory execution, auction to enforce a security interest, enforcement of an enterprise mortgage (企業担保権) or of an enterprise value charge (企業価値担保権), and bankruptcy.
Short name set inArticle 13-2, paragraph (1), item (i)
enforcement agencymachine translation
「執行機関」
An administrative body or other person carrying out a delinquent tax collection procedure (滞納処分), a court (or, in small-claims enforcement under Article 167-2, paragraph 2 of the Civil Enforcement Act, a court clerk), a court execution officer (執行官) or a bankruptcy trustee (破産管財人).
Defined inArticle 13-3, paragraph (2)
tax base amountmachine translation
「課税標準額」
For the enterprise tax (事業税) on corporations, the added value (付加価値額), capital, etc. (資本金等の額), income (所得) or revenue (収入金額) stated in a return or amended return, or fixed by a reassessment or determination, taken together.
Short name set inArticle 72-31, paragraph (2)· applies only in this section
tax representativemachine translation
「税務代理人」
In the subsection on investigations of the corporate enterprise tax (事業税) by officials the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications designates, and in the subsection after it, a certified public tax accountant or tax accountant corporation that has submitted the document under Article 30 of the Certified Public Tax Accountant Act (including as applied by its Article 48-16), or an attorney, legal professional corporation or joint corporation of attorneys and registered foreign lawyers that has given notice under Article 51, paragraph 1 or 3 of that Act; it is notified of an on-site investigation in advance together with the taxpayer.
Defined inArticle 72-49-6, paragraph (1)· applies only in this subsection and in Chapter 2, Section 2, Subsection 3
official designated by the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communicationsmachine translation
「総務省指定職員」
An official whom the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications (総務大臣) designates to question the persons listed in Article 144-38 (light oil delivery tax), Article 396 (fixed assets tax) or Article 72-49-5 or 72-63 (enterprise tax) and to inspect their business books, records and other items, or have them shown or submitted.
Short name set inArticle 72-63, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article and in Articles 72-63-2 to 72-64
person liable for taxmachine translation
「納税義務者」
A person listed in Article 72-63, paragraph 1, item 1 — one liable, or appearing to be liable, for enterprise tax (事業税) on an individual's business — whom an official designated by the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications (総務大臣) examines on site.
Short name set inArticle 72-63-2, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article and in Articles 72-63-3 and 72-63-4
questioning, inspection, etc.machine translation
「質問検査等」
Questioning, inspection, or a request that records or other items be shown or handed over, which officials designated by the Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications (総務省指定職員) may carry out under Article 72-63 for the enterprise tax (事業税) on individuals, here in an on-site examination of a taxpayer.
Short name set inArticle 72-63-2, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article and in Article 72-63-4
number of workersmachine translation
「従業者の数」
In Article 72-63-4, the number of employees at an individual's office or place of business as Article 72-54, paragraph 2 defines it, by which the income of an individual doing business in two or more prefectures is divided among them for enterprise tax (事業税).
Defined inArticle 72-63-4, paragraph (1)· applies only in this paragraph and in Article 72-63-4, paragraph (2)
due datemachine translation
「納期限」
For the enterprise tax (事業税), the due date for paying it, which, where a reassessment (更正) or determination (決定) of the enterprise tax on a corporation's business has been made, means the due date for the tax shortfall.
Defined inArticle 72-66, paragraph (1)· applies only in this provision
books and documentsmachine translation
「帳簿書類」
The books and documents on a delinquent taxpayer's property that Article 141 of the National Tax Collection Act names, including the electronic records (電磁的記録) made or kept in their place.
Defined inArticle 72-70, paragraph (1), item (ii)· applies only in this provision and in Article 72-70, paragraph (1), item (iii)
standard tax ratemachine translation
「標準税率」
The standard rates of enterprise tax (事業税) set in Article 72-24-7, paragraphs 1 to 5, above which a prefecture may tax under paragraph 9 of that Article; the item takes the part a prefecture levies above them out of what it passes on to its municipalities as the corporate enterprise tax grant (法人事業税交付金).
Short name set inArticle 72-76, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies only in this item
fine
罰金
A criminal punishment of paying money to the state, of 10,000 yen or more, or less where it is reduced (Penal Code, Article 15). It ranks below imprisonment (拘禁刑) and above penal detention (拘留) and a petty fine (科料) (Articles 9 and 10, paragraph (1)). A person who cannot pay it in full is held in a workhouse (労役場) for one day to two years, or up to three years where fines are imposed together, a period set when the sentence is passed (Article 18, paragraphs (1), (3) and (4)); not within thirty days of the sentence becoming final without the person's consent (paragraph (5)). If it is not enforced for three years after the sentence becomes final, the person is released from it by prescription (Articles 31 and 32, item (v)); the three years do not run while its execution is suspended under law or the person is abroad, and an act of execution interrupts them (Articles 33 and 34, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Penal Code, Arts. 9, 10, 15, 18, 31 to 34 as a reference.
imprisonment
拘禁刑
The punishment of being held in a penal institution (刑事施設), for life or for a fixed term of one month to twenty years (Penal Code, Article 12, paragraphs (1) and (2)); a fixed term can be raised to thirty years where the punishment is aggravated, or cut below one month where it is reduced (Article 14, paragraph (2)). To help the person reform and rehabilitate, they may be made to do work or given guidance (Article 12, paragraph (3)). It ranks below the death penalty and above a fine (罰金) among the principal punishments (Articles 9 and 10, paragraph (1)). It replaced imprisonment with work (懲役) and imprisonment without work (禁錮) when the Act Partially Amending the Penal Code, etc. (Act No. 67 of 2022) came into force (Act No. 67 of 2022, Article 2), and a person sentenced to either is treated, for the rules on a person's qualifications, as sentenced to imprisonment for the same term (Act No. 68 of 2022, Article 443, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Penal Code, Arts. 9, 10, 12, 14, Act No. 67 of 2022, Art. 2 and Act No. 68 of 2022, Art. 443 as a reference.
Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance
条例
A rule a local government makes for itself: a prefecture (都道府県), a city, town or village (市町村), or one of Tokyo's special wards (特別区) (Local Autonomy Act, Articles 1-3, 281 and 283). Its assembly (議会), whose members the residents elect, passes it (Articles 89 and 96, paragraph (1), item (i)), and its head — the governor or the mayor (Article 139) — promulgates it, that is, makes it public so that it can take effect (Article 16). The Constitution lets local governments make them within the limits of Acts (Constitution, Article 94), and one may not go against the national laws and regulations (法令), such as Acts, Cabinet Orders (政令) and Ministerial Orders (省令) (Local Autonomy Act, Article 14, paragraph (1)). Unless national laws and regulations provide otherwise, a local government can impose a duty or restrict a right only by one of these (Article 14, paragraph (2)), and it may write into one penalties for breaking it, within limits the Local Autonomy Act sets (Article 14, paragraph (3)). It is made for that local government's own affairs (Article 2, paragraph (2) and Article 14, paragraph (1)), so the same matter can be handled differently from one place to the next. It is a local rule, not a national one: an "ordinance" in the name of a national rule, such as an Ordinance for Enforcement of an Act, is usually a Ministerial Order (省令) or another national instrument.
Written by AI using Constitution, Art. 94 and Local Autonomy Act, Arts. 1-3, 2, 14, 16, 89, 96, 139, 281, 283 as a reference.