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Immigration paperwork, grounded in the Act

Changing a status of residence, extending a stay, applying for permanent residence: the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (出入国管理及び難民認定法) and its Ministerial Orders (省令) set the requirements. Show a client the provision a requirement comes from.

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An administrative scrivener going through application forms with a young client.

Example questions

The answers here are examples written for these pages, to show how an answer rests on the law. They are not legal advice: for your own case, read the official text and ask a qualified professional.

Example question

Can my client change their status of residence without leaving Japan?

Yes. A foreign national with a status of residence may have it changed, by applying to the Minister of Justice. A change to permanent residence follows its own procedure.

Article 20, paragraph (1)

Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act 出入国管理及び難民認定法

  1. A foreign national with a status of residence may have their status of residence (including the period of stay for the status; hereinafter the same applies from this paragraph to paragraph (3) and in the following Article) changed (in the case of a foreign national residing with the status of residence of "Highly Skilled Professional" (limited to those pertaining to item (i), sub-items (a) through (c) in the right-hand column under "Highly Skilled Professional" of the Appended Table I (2)), including a change to a different public or private organization in Japan designated by the Minister of Justice, in the case of a foreign national residing with the "Specified Skilled Worker" status of residence including a change in the public or private organization in Japan designated by the Minister of Justice or specified industrial field, and in the case of a foreign national residing with the status of residence of "Designated Activities," including a change in the activities specifically designated by the Minister of Justice regarding the person concerned).

    在留資格を有する外国人は、その者の有する在留資格(これに伴う在留期間を含む。以下第三項まで及び次条において同じ。)の変更(高度専門職の在留資格(別表第一の二の表の高度専門職の項の下欄第一号イからハまでに係るものに限る。)を有する者については、法務大臣が指定する本邦の公私の機関の変更を含み、特定技能の在留資格を有する者については、法務大臣が指定する本邦の公私の機関又は特定産業分野の変更を含み、特定活動の在留資格を有する者については、法務大臣が個々の外国人について特に指定する活動の変更を含む。)を受けることができる。

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Example question

Can my client stay on while an extension application is pending?

Yes, if they applied before their period of stay ran out and it was longer than 30 days: they may stay until the decision, or until two months after the old expiry date, whichever comes first.

Article 20, paragraph (6)

Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act 出入国管理及び難民認定法

  1. If an application pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) is filed (excluding an application filed by a foreign national who was granted permission for a period of stay of not more than 30 days), and the disposition for the application has not been made by the expiration date of the period of stay for the status of residence which the foreign national had at the time of the application, the foreign national may, even after the expiration date of the period of stay, continue to reside in Japan until the disposition is made or the day on which 2 months have passed from the date of the expiration of the previous period of stay, whichever comes first.

    第二項の規定による申請があつた場合(三十日以下の在留期間を決定されている者から申請があつた場合を除く。)において、その申請の時に当該外国人が有する在留資格に伴う在留期間の満了の日までにその申請に対する処分がされないときは、当該外国人は、その在留期間の満了後も、当該処分がされる時又は従前の在留期間の満了の日から二月を経過する日が終了する時のいずれか早い時までの間は、引き続き当該在留資格をもつて本邦に在留することができる。

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Example question

What are the requirements for permanent residence?

Good conduct, and enough assets or skills to make an independent living, and the Minister of Justice must find that permanent residence is in Japan's interest. The spouse or child of a Japanese national, a permanent resident or a special permanent resident need not meet the first two.

Article 22, paragraph (2)

Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act 出入国管理及び難民認定法

  1. If an application as set forth in the preceding paragraph has been filed, the Minister of Justice may grant permission only if the Minister finds that the foreign national conforms to all of the following items and that their permanent residence conforms to the interests of Japan; provided, however, that in the case of spouses or children of Japanese nationals, of residents with permanent residence status or of special permanent residents, they do not need to conform to any of the following items, and in the case of a person whose need for protection has been recognized by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees or any other international organization and who meets the requirements provided for by Ministry of Justice Order, they do not need to conform to item (ii):

    前項の申請があつた場合には、法務大臣は、その者が次の各号のいずれにも適合し、かつ、その者の永住が日本国の利益に合すると認めたときに限り、これを許可することができる。ただし、その者が日本人、永住許可を受けている者又は特別永住者の配偶者又は子である場合にあつては次の各号のいずれにも適合することを要せず、国際連合難民高等弁務官事務所その他の国際機関が保護の必要性を認めた者で法務省令で定める要件に該当するものである場合にあつては第二号に適合することを要しない。

  2. (i)

    the foreign national's behavior is good; and

    素行が善良であること。

  3. (ii)

    the foreign national has sufficient assets or skills to make an independent living.

    独立の生計を営むに足りる資産又は技能を有すること。

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