Article 47Suspension of Statute of Limitations
The statute of limitations for prosecution is suspended during the period from the date on which the ruling prescribed in Article 21 is given on the case prescribed in the first sentence of Article 8, paragraph (1), or from the date on which the case prescribed in the second sentence of Article 8, paragraph (1) was referred to a family court, to the date on which the ruling to subject disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent becomes final and binding.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to cases in which the juvenile has reached 20 years of age, after the ruling or referral prescribed in Article 21.
Article 48Detention
A detention warrant may not be issued against a juvenile unless it is unavoidable.
勾留状は、やむを得ない場合でなければ、少年に対して、これを発することはできない。
If a juvenile is detained, then the juvenile may be detained in a juvenile classification home.
少年を勾留する場合には、少年鑑別所にこれを拘禁することができる。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph remain applicable even after the juvenile reaches 20 years of age.
本人が満二十歳に達した後でも、引き続き前項の規定によることができる。
Article 49Separate Treatment
A juvenile suspect or defendant must be separated from other suspects or defendants to avoid contact with them as much as possible.
少年の被疑者又は被告人は、他の被疑者又は被告人と分離して、なるべく、その接触を避けなければならない。
The proceedings against the juvenile defendant must be separated, even if related to other defendant cases, as long as the proceedings are not obstructed.
少年に対する被告事件は、他の被告事件と関連する場合にも、審理に妨げない限り、その手続を分離しなければならない。
At a penal institution, detention facility or coast guard detention facility, a juvenile, (other than a sentenced person as prescribed in Article 2, item (iv) of the Act on Penal Detention Facilities and the Treatment of Inmates and Detainees (Act No. 50 of 2005) (excluding any person with the status of detainee awaiting a judicial decision as prescribed in item (vii) of that Article)), must be detained separately from persons of 20 years of age or older.
刑事施設、留置施設及び海上保安留置施設においては、少年(刑事収容施設及び被収容者等の処遇に関する法律(平成十七年法律第五十号)第二条第四号の受刑者(同条第七号の未決拘禁者としての地位を有するものを除く。)を除く。)を二十歳以上の者と分離して収容しなければならない。
Article 50Proceedings Policy
第三節 処分
Section 3 Dispositions
Article 51Mitigation of Death Penalty and Imprisonment for Life
If a person is under 18 years of age when the crime was committed, then they will be sentenced to imprisonment for life, if the punishment would otherwise be the death penalty.
罪を犯すとき十八歳に満たない者に対しては、死刑をもつて処断すべきときは、無期拘禁刑を科する。
If a person is under 18 years of age when the crime was committed, they may be sentenced to imprisonment for a fixed term, if the punishment would otherwise be imprisonment for life. In this case, the punishment will be a sentence of 10 years or more to no more than 20 years.
罪を犯すとき十八歳に満たない者に対しては、無期拘禁刑をもつて処断すべきときであつても、有期拘禁刑を科することができる。この場合において、その刑は、十年以上二十年以下において言い渡す。
Article 52Indeterminate Sentences
If a juvenile is to be sentenced to imprisonment for a fixed term, a sentence for the maximum term of imprisonment is determined within the range of the punishment to be imposed, with the minimum term of imprisonment being at least one-half of the maximum term of imprisonment (if the maximum term of imprisonment is less than 10 years; 5 years less than the maximum term of imprisonment; this also applies in the following paragraph). In this case, the maximum term of imprisonment may not exceed 15 years, and the minimum term of imprisonment may not exceed 10 years.
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if it is found particularly necessary, taking into consideration the possibility of improvement and rehabilitation of the juvenile and other circumstances, the minimum term of imprisonment prescribed in that paragraph may be determined within not less than one-half of the minimum term of imprisonment of the punishment to be imposed, and not less than one-half of the maximum term of imprisonment. In this case, the provisions of Article 14, paragraph (2) of the Penal Code apply mutatis mutandis.
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs do not apply in the case when suspension of execution of sentence is rendered.
刑の執行猶予の言渡しをする場合には、前二項の規定は、これを適用しない。
Article 53Number of Days of Detention at a Juvenile Classification Home
When the measures prescribed in Article 17, paragraph (1), item (ii) are implemented, the number of days of detention at a juvenile classification home is deemed as the number of days of pre-sentencing detention.
第十七条第一項第二号の措置がとられた場合においては、少年鑑別所に収容中の日数は、これを未決勾留の日数とみなす。
Article 54Prohibition on Disposition in Lieu of Punishment
Article 55Transfer to a Family Court
Article 56Execution of Imprisonment
Regarding a juvenile sentenced to imprisonment (excluding a person serving their sentence at a juvenile training school pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3)), the sentence is executed in a specially established penal institution or a specially partitioned area in a penal institution or detention facility.
The execution pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph may be continued until the juvenile in question reaches 26 years of age.
本人が二十六歳に達するまでは、前項の規定による執行を継続することができる。
Notwithstanding the provisions in Article 12, paragraph (2) of the Penal Code, a juvenile under 16 years of age sentenced to imprisonment may serve their sentence at a juvenile training school until they reach 16 years of age. In this case, correctional education is given to the juvenile.
Article 57Execution of Sentence and Disposition for Rehabilitation of an Adjudicated Delinquent
If a sentence of imprisonment or penal detention becomes final and binding in the course of the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent, the sentence is executed first. The same applies if a sentence of imprisonment or penal detention has become final and binding and the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent is made before the sentence is executed.
保護処分の継続中、拘禁刑又は拘留の刑が確定したときは、先に刑を執行する。拘禁刑又は拘留の刑が確定してその執行前保護処分がなされたときも、同様である。
Article 58Parole
A person sentenced to imprisonment as a juvenile may be paroled after the following periods have passed:
少年のとき拘禁刑の言渡しを受けた者については、次の期間を経過した後、仮釈放をすることができる。
seven years in the case of imprisonment for life;
無期拘禁刑については七年
one-third of a term of sentence in the case of imprisonment for a fixed term rendered pursuant to the provisions of Article 51, paragraph (2);
第五十一条第二項の規定により言い渡した有期拘禁刑については、その刑期の三分の一
one-third of a minimum imprisonment term in the case of imprisonment rendered pursuant to the provisions of Article 52, paragraph (1), or pursuant to the provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) of that Article.
The provisions of item (i) of the preceding paragraph do not apply to a person sentenced to imprisonment for life pursuant to the provisions of Article 51, paragraph (1).
Article 59Termination of the Parole Period
If a person who has been sentenced to imprisonment for life as a juvenile has been paroled, and ten years have passed without revocation of the parole, then the person is deemed to have served their full sentence.
少年のとき無期拘禁刑の言渡しを受けた者が、仮釈放後、その処分を取り消されないで十年を経過したときは、刑の執行を受け終わつたものとする。
If a person who has been sentenced to imprisonment for a fixed term as a juvenile, pursuant to the provisions of Article 51, paragraph (2), or pursuant to the provisions of Article 52, paragraph (1) or paragraphs (1) and (2) of that Article, has been paroled, and, without revocation of the parole, a period equal to the period during which the person served the sentence before being paroled, or the term of sentence prescribed in Article 51, paragraph (2) or the maximum term of imprisonment prescribed in Article 52, paragraph (1), has passed, then the person is deemed to have served their full sentence at whichever of those times comes first.
Article 60Application of Laws and Regulations Concerning Personal Qualification
With respect to application of laws and regulations regarding personal qualification, a person who had been sentenced for an offense committed as a juvenile and has served their sentence or who has been exempted from execution of the sentence is deemed not to have been sentenced from that point on.
少年のとき犯した罪により刑に処せられてその執行を受け終り、又は執行の免除を受けた者は、人の資格に関する法令の適用については、将来に向つて刑の言渡を受けなかつたものとみなす。
When a person has been sentenced for an offense committed as a juvenile, but the execution of the sentence has been suspended, the person is deemed to have served their sentence during that suspension period, and the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply.
In the case of the preceding paragraph, if the suspension of execution of the sentence is revoked, the person is deemed to have been sentenced when it is revoked, with respect to the application of laws and regulations regarding personal qualifications.
前項の場合において、刑の執行猶予の言渡を取り消されたときは、人の資格に関する法令の適用については、その取り消されたとき、刑の言渡があつたものとみなす。
拘禁刑
刑事施設に拘置する刑です。無期と有期があり、有期は一月以上二十年以下です(刑法第十二条第一項・第二項)。刑を加重するときは三十年まで上げ、減軽するときは一月未満に下げることができます(同法第十四条第二項)。改善更生を図るため、必要な作業を行わせ、又は必要な指導を行うことができます(同法第十二条第三項)。主刑の中では死刑の次に重く、罰金より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。刑法等の一部を改正する法律(令和四年法律第六十七号)の施行により、懲役と禁錮に代わって設けられました(同法第二条)。懲役又は禁錮に処せられた人は、人の資格に関する法令の適用については、刑期を同じくする拘禁刑に処せられた人とみなされます(令和四年法律第六十八号第四百四十三条第一項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第12条・第14条、令和4年法律第67号第2条、令和4年法律第68号第443条を参考にAIが作成。
執行猶予
刑を言い渡すときに、その執行を一定の期間見合わせることです。前に拘禁刑以上の刑に処せられたことがない人、又は処せられてもその執行を終わった日などから五年以内に拘禁刑以上の刑に処せられたことがない人が、三年以下の拘禁刑又は五十万円以下の罰金の言渡しを受けたときは、情状により、裁判が確定した日から一年以上五年以下の期間、刑の全部の執行を猶予することができ(刑法第二十五条第一項)、その期間中、保護観察に付することができます(同法第二十五条の二第一項)。前に拘禁刑の全部の執行を猶予された人も、二年以下の拘禁刑の言渡しを受け、情状に特に酌量すべきものがあるときは、再び猶予を受けることができ、この場合は保護観察に付されます(同法第二十五条第二項・第二十五条の二第一項)。猶予の言渡しを取り消されることなく期間を経過すると、刑の言渡しは効力を失います(同法第二十七条第一項)。ただし、猶予の期間内に犯した罪について公訴が提起されているときは、刑の言渡しは引き続き効力を持ち、猶予の言渡しが取り消されることがあります(同条第二項・第四項・第五項)。猶予の期間内に更に罪を犯して拘禁刑以上の刑に処せられ、その刑の全部について執行猶予がないときなどは、猶予の言渡しは取り消され、又は取り消されることがあります(同法第二十六条・第二十六条の二)。三年以下の拘禁刑については、刑の一部の執行を猶予し、残りの部分を先に執行することもできます(同法第二十七条の二)。
刑法第25条〜第27条の2を参考にAIが作成。