第五章 特定少年の特例
Chapter V Special Provisions for Specified Juveniles
第一節 保護事件の特例
Section 1 Special Provisions for Protection Cases
Article 62Special Provisions on Referral to a Public Prosecutor
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 20, the family court, by a ruling, must refer a case of a specified juvenile (meaning a juvenile of 18 years of age or older; the same applies below) to a public prosecutor at the public prosecutor's office, which is the counterpart of the district court that has jurisdiction over the case, if a criminal disposition is found appropriate as a result of the investigation, considering the nature and circumstances of the crime.
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the family court must give the ruling referred to in that paragraph for a case of a specified juvenile stated in the following; provided, however, this does not apply if the court finds any measures other than criminal disposition as more appropriate, as a result of the investigation, which considers the motive, manner and results of the crime, situation after the crime, the specified juvenile's personality traits, age, conduct, environment and other circumstances:
a case involving a crime causing the death of a victim through an intentional criminal act, in which the specified juvenile was 16 years of age or older when they committed the crime;
故意の犯罪行為により被害者を死亡させた罪の事件であつて、その罪を犯すとき十六歳以上の少年に係るもの
a case involving a crime punishable by the death penalty, imprisonment for life, or imprisonment with a minimum term of one year or more, in which the specified juvenile was a specified juvenile at the time that crime was committed (excluding a case that falls under the preceding item).
Article 63
In deciding whether or not to refer the case to a public prosecutor pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, in relation to any of the crimes prescribed in the Public Offices Election Act (Act No. 100 of 1950; including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to other laws) and the Political Funds Control Act (Act No. 194 of 1948) (excluding cases involving the crime prescribed in the following paragraph, that fall under that paragraph), which involved someone who was a specified juvenile when they committed the relevant crime, the family court must take into consideration the ensuring, etc. of fairness in elections.
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, in a case of a specified juvenile involved in the crime referred to in Article 247 of the Public Offices Election Act, or the crime prescribed in Article 251-2, paragraph (1) of that Act which is committed by any of the persons stated in any of the items in that paragraph, the crime prescribed in Article 251-3, paragraph (1) of that Act which is committed by the organizational election campaign manager, etc. referred to in that paragraph or in case of a crime prescribed in Article 251-4, paragraph(1) of that Act which is committed by any of the persons stated in any of the items in that paragraph, in which the specified juvenile was a specified juvenile when they committed the crime, the family court must give the ruling referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article if it finds that the nature of the crime is seriously prejudicial to ensuring fairness in elections. In this case, the provisions of the proviso to paragraph (2) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis.
Article 64Special Provisions on Disposition for Rehabilitation of an Adjudicated Delinquent
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 24, paragraph (1), except for the case referred to in Article 23, the family court, in a juvenile case for which it has commenced a trial and decision, must subject a juvenile to any of the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent stated in the following items by a ruling within a reasonable extent, in consideration of the seriousness of the circumstances of the crime, if the juvenile is a specified juvenile; provided, however, that only the dispositions referred to in item (i) may be implemented for a case of a crime punishable by a fine or lighter punishment:
placing the juvenile on probation at the probation office for six months;
六月の保護観察所の保護観察に付すること。
placing the juvenile on probation at the probation office for two years;
二年の保護観察所の保護観察に付すること。
referring the juvenile to a juvenile training school.
少年院に送致すること。
For the probation as referred to in item (ii) of the preceding paragraph, in the case prescribed in Article 66, paragraph (1), the family court may detain the juvenile to a juvenile training school by the ruling referred to in that paragraph, and when implementing the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent referred to in that item, the family court must specify, concurrently with the ruling imposing the disposition, the period during which the juvenile may be detained at a juvenile training school by the ruling referred to in Article 66, paragraph (1), within a range of not exceeding one year, in consideration of the seriousness of the circumstances of the crime.
When conducting the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent referred to in paragraph (1), item (iii), the family court must specify, concurrently with the ruling imposing the disposition, the period during which the juvenile is to be detained at a juvenile training school, within a range of not exceeding three years, in consideration of the seriousness of the circumstances of the crime.
家庭裁判所は、第一項第三号の保護処分をするときは、その決定と同時に、三年以下の範囲内において犯情の軽重を考慮して少年院に収容する期間を定めなければならない。
For a specified juvenile who has been placed under detention or subjected to the measures referred to in Article 17, paragraph (1), item (ii), the days spent in pre-sentencing detention may be included in whole or in part into the period to be prescribed pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs.
勾留され又は第十七条第一項第二号の措置がとられた特定少年については、未決勾留の日数は、その全部又は一部を、前二項の規定により定める期間に算入することができる。
With respect to the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent referred to in paragraph (1), the family court may have the chief probation officer conduct measures for modification of the family and other environments.
第一項の保護処分においては、保護観察所の長をして、家庭その他の環境調整に関する措置を行わせることができる。
Article 65Application Relating to This Act
The provisions of Article 3, paragraph (1), (limited to the part concerning item (iii)) do not apply to a specified juvenile.
The provisions of Article 12, Article 26, paragraph (4), and Article 26-2 do not apply to a juvenile protection case for a specified juvenile (excluding the case relating to the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent provided in Article 26-4, paragraph (1)).
The provisions of Article 27-2, paragraph (5) do not apply to a person detained at a juvenile training school if the family court revokes the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent referred to in paragraph (1), item (ii) or (iii) of the preceding Article.
第二十七条の二第五項の規定は、少年院に収容中の者について、前条第一項第二号又は第三号の保護処分を取り消した場合には、適用しない。
To apply the provisions of this Act listed in the left-hand column of the following Table to a juvenile protection case for a specified juvenile, the terms in these provisions listed in the middle column of the Table are to be replaced with the terms listed in the right-hand column of the Table.
| Article 4 | Article 20, paragraph (1) | Article 62, paragraph (1) |
| The proviso to Article 17-2, paragraph (1), the proviso of Article 32, and the proviso to Article 35, paragraph (1) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 17-3, paragraph (1), following the deemed replacement of terms) | the parent or guardian who appointed the attendant | the specified juvenile referred to in Article 62, paragraph (1) |
| Article 23, paragraph (1) | or Article 20 | , Article 62, or Article 63, paragraph (2) |
| Article 24-2, paragraph (1) | paragraph (1) of the preceding Article | Article 64, paragraph (1) |
| Article 25, paragraph (1) and Article 27-2, paragraph (6) | Article 24, paragraph (1) | Article 64, paragraph (1) |
| Article 26, paragraphs (1) and (2) | And Article 24, paragraph (1), items (ii) and (iii) | and Article 64, paragraph (1), item (iii) |
| Article 26-3 | Article 24, paragraph (1), item (iii) | Article 64, paragraph (1), item (iii) |
| Article 28 | Article 24 or Article 25 | Article 25 or Article 64 |
特定少年である少年の保護事件に関する次の表の上欄に掲げるこの法律の規定の適用については、これらの規定中同表の中欄に掲げる字句は、同表の下欄に掲げる字句とする。
| 第四条 | 第二十条第一項 | 第六十二条第一項 |
| 第十七条の二第一項ただし書、第三十二条ただし書及び第三十五条第一項ただし書(第十七条の三第一項において読み替えて準用する場合を含む。) | 選任者である保護者 | 第六十二条第一項の特定少年 |
| 第二十三条第一項 | 又は第二十条 | 、第六十二条又は第六十三条第二項 |
| 第二十四条の二第一項 | 前条第一項 | 第六十四条第一項 |
| 第二十五条第一項及び第二十七条の二第六項 | 第二十四条第一項 | 第六十四条第一項 |
| 第二十六条第一項及び第二項 | 並びに第二十四条第一項第二号及び第三号 | 及び第六十四条第一項第三号 |
| 第二十六条の三 | 第二十四条第一項第三号 | 第六十四条第一項第三号 |
| 第二十八条 | 第二十四条又は第二十五条 | 第二十五条又は第六十四条 |
Article 66Ruling of Detention of a Person Under Probation to a Juvenile Training School
If the application referred to in Article 68-2 of the Offenders Rehabilitation Act is filed, the family court, by a ruling, must detain a juvenile at a juvenile training school when the family court, as a result of the trial and decision, has reasonable grounds to show that the juvenile who is subject to the disposition for rehabilitation of an adjudicated delinquent referred to in Article 64, paragraph (1), item (ii) failed to comply with the matters to be observed, and the family court finds that the failure is so serious, and that it is impossible to improve or rehabilitate the juvenile without treating the juvenile at a juvenile training school; provided, however, that this does not apply if the total period during which the juvenile has already been detained at a juvenile training school by the ruling referred to in this paragraph reaches the period specified pursuant to the provisions of Article 64, paragraph (2).
更生保護法第六十八条の二の申請があつた場合において、家庭裁判所は、審判の結果、第六十四条第一項第二号の保護処分を受けた者がその遵守すべき事項を遵守しなかつたと認められる事由があり、その程度が重く、かつ、少年院において処遇を行わなければ本人の改善及び更生を図ることができないと認めるときは、これを少年院に収容する旨の決定をしなければならない。ただし、この項の決定により既に少年院に収容した期間が通算して同条第二項の規定により定められた期間に達しているときは、この限りでない。
Beyond what is provided for in the following paragraph, the procedure in the case on the ruling referred to in the preceding paragraph is governed by the same rules as those applicable to the procedure for a juvenile protection case of a specified juvenile provided for in this Act (excluding this paragraph), unless it is contrary to its nature.
When making the ruling referred to in paragraph (1), the days spent under detention, with respect to the measures referred to in Article 17, paragraph (1), item (ii), or the detention provided for in Article 68-3, paragraph (1) of the Offenders Rehabilitation Act, which is governed by the same rules as those applicable under these provisions pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, may be included in whole, or in part, to the period specified pursuant to the provisions of Article 64, paragraph (2).
第一項の決定をする場合においては、前項の規定によりその例によることとされる第十七条第一項第二号の措置における収容及び更生保護法第六十八条の三第一項の規定による留置の日数は、その全部又は一部を、第六十四条第二項の規定により定められた期間に算入することができる。
第二節 刑事事件の特例
Section 2 Special Provisions for Criminal Cases
Article 67
The provisions of Article 41, and Article 43, paragraph (3) do not apply to a suspected case against a specified juvenile (regarding the provisions of Article 43, paragraph (3), limited to the case for which the ruling referred to in Article 20, paragraph (1) or Article 62, paragraph (1), is given).
The provisions of Article 48, paragraph (1) and Article 49, paragraphs (1) and (3) do not apply to a suspected case against a specified juvenile (limited to cases in which the ruling referred to in Article 20, paragraph (1) or Article 62, paragraph (1) is given) or the defendant who is a specified juvenile.
The provisions of Article 49, paragraph (2) do not apply to a case in which a specified juvenile is the defendant.
The provisions of Article 52, Article 54, and Article 56, paragraphs (1) and (2) do not apply to a specified juvenile.
The provisions of Articles 58 and 59 do not apply to a person who is sentenced as a specified juvenile.
The provisions of Article 60 do not apply to a person who is sentenced for a crime committed as a specified juvenile.
To apply the provisions of this Act listed in the left-hand column of the following Table to a juvenile criminal case of a specified juvenile, the terms and phrases in these provisions listed in the middle column of the table are deemed to be replaced with the terms and phrase listed in the right-hand column of the table.
| Article 45 | Article 20, paragraph (1) | Article 62, paragraph (1) |
| Article 45-3, paragraph (1) and Article 46, paragraph (1) | Article 24, paragraph (1) | Article 64, paragraph (1) |
第三節 記事等の掲載の禁止の特例
Section 3 Special Provisions for Prohibition of Publication of News Articles
Article 68
The provisions of Article 61 do not apply to any news article or photograph referred to in that Article for cases in which a prosecution is brought for a crime committed by a specified juvenile; provided, however, that this does not apply if the request referred to in Article 461 of the Code of Criminal Procedure is filed for the case of that crime (except when the case is tried based on regular provisions pursuant to the provisions of Article 463, paragraph (1) or (2), or Article 468, paragraph (2) of that Code).
罰金
金銭を国に納めさせる刑罰で、一万円以上です。減軽する場合は一万円未満に下げることができます(刑法第十五条)。拘禁刑より軽く、拘留や科料より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。完納できない人は、一日以上二年以下(罰金を併科した場合などは三年以下)の期間、労役場に留置され、その期間は刑の言渡しのときに定められます(同法第十八条第一項・第三項・第四項)。裁判が確定した後三十日以内は、本人の承諾がなければ留置の執行はできません(同条第五項)。刑の言渡しが確定した後、三年間執行を受けないと時効が完成し、執行の免除を得ます(同法第三十一条・第三十二条第五号)。ただし、法令により執行を猶予し又は停止した期間や、本人が国外にいる期間は時効が進行せず、執行行為をすると時効は中断します(同法第三十三条・第三十四条第二項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第15条・第18条・第31条〜第34条を参考にAIが作成。
拘禁刑
刑事施設に拘置する刑です。無期と有期があり、有期は一月以上二十年以下です(刑法第十二条第一項・第二項)。刑を加重するときは三十年まで上げ、減軽するときは一月未満に下げることができます(同法第十四条第二項)。改善更生を図るため、必要な作業を行わせ、又は必要な指導を行うことができます(同法第十二条第三項)。主刑の中では死刑の次に重く、罰金より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。刑法等の一部を改正する法律(令和四年法律第六十七号)の施行により、懲役と禁錮に代わって設けられました(同法第二条)。懲役又は禁錮に処せられた人は、人の資格に関する法令の適用については、刑期を同じくする拘禁刑に処せられた人とみなされます(令和四年法律第六十八号第四百四十三条第一項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第12条・第14条、令和4年法律第67号第2条、令和4年法律第68号第443条を参考にAIが作成。
検察官
犯罪について、裁判所に訴えを起こす(公訴を行う)役目を負う者です(刑事訴訟法第二百四十七条)。犯人の性格、年齢や境遇、犯罪の重さや事情、犯罪の後の状況から、訴える必要がないと考えるときは、訴えを起こさないことができます(刑事訴訟法第二百四十八条)。刑事の事件では、裁判所に法を正しく当てはめるよう求め、裁判の執行を監督します。また、社会全体の利益を代表して、ほかの法令が検察官に任せた仕事も行い、それは刑事の事件に限りません(検察庁法第四条)。どのような犯罪についても捜査をすることができます(検察庁法第六条第一項)。検察官の仕事は検察庁がまとめており、検察庁には最高検察庁、高等検察庁、地方検察庁、区検察庁があります(検察庁法第一条)。
刑事訴訟法第247条・第248条、検察庁法第1条・第4条・第6条を参考にAIが作成。