Article 10Recommendations
If the competent minister finds that a significant obstacle has arisen or could arise to the sound development of installment sales as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1), item (i) for designated goods because an installment seller is conducting installment sales of those designated goods as prescribed in that item with the initial installment at a percentage of the installment price which is significantly lower than the percentage of which public notice is issued pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, or with a term for the payment of the cost which is significantly longer than the term of which public notice is issued pursuant to that Article, the minister may recommend that the installment seller increase the percentage or shorten the term.
A recommendation under the provisions of the preceding paragraph may be given through a public notice.
前項の規定による勧告は、告示により行なうことができる。
第三節 前払式割賦販売
Section 3 Prepaid Installment Sales
Article 11Prepaid Installment Sales Licenses
It is not permissible for a person to engage in installment sales in the course of trade, through which it receives all or part of the cost of the designated goods from the purchaser in two or more installments as prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1), item (i), before the delivery of the designated goods (referred to below as "prepaid installment sales"), without being licensed by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry; provided, however, that this does not apply in the following cases:
the annual sales amount from prepaid installment sales of designated goods is less than the amount specified by Cabinet Order;
the designated goods are newly specified, and a person currently engaged in the sale of those designated goods in the course of trade through prepaid installment sales, sells those goods for six months from the date of their specification (if the application referred to in paragraph (1) of the following Article is submitted during that period, this includes the time up until the license sought under the application is granted or refused); or
after the period stated in the preceding item passes, the only such dealings the person engages in are aimed at enabling the completion of transactions under the contracts for prepaid installment sales for the designated goods referred to in that item, which have been concluded by the last day of that period.
Article 12Application for a License
A person seeking the license referred to in the preceding Article must submit an application to the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry stating the following:
前条の許可を受けようとする者は、次の事項を記載した申請書を経済産業大臣に提出しなければならない。
its name;
名称
the names and locations of its principal office and other business offices and agency offices;
本店その他の営業所及び代理店の名称及び所在地
its amount of stated capital or capital contributions, and the names of its officers; and
資本金又は出資の額及び役員の氏名
the types of designated goods it seeks to sell through prepaid installment sales.
The articles of incorporation, a certificate of registered information, the general conditions of the contract for prepaid installment sales, and the documents specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry must accompany the application referred to in the preceding paragraph; provided, however, that a certificate of registered information may be omitted if so specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
前項の申請書には、定款、登記事項証明書、前払式割賦販売契約約款その他経済産業省令で定める書類を添付しなければならない。ただし、経済産業省令で定める場合は、登記事項証明書の添付を省略することができる。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the articles of incorporation have been created in the form of an electronic or magnetic record (meaning a record used in computer data processing, which is created in electronic form, magnetic form, or any other form that is impossible to perceive through the human senses alone; the same applies below), the electronic or magnetic record (limited to one as specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) may accompany the application in lieu of a paper document.
前項の場合において、定款が電磁的記録(電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。以下同じ。)で作られているときは、書面に代えて電磁的記録(経済産業省令で定めるものに限る。)を添付することができる。
この部分の英訳はまだありません。
削除
Article 15Licensing Standards
If the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry finds an applicant for the license referred to in Article 11 to fall under one of the following items, the minister must not grant the license referred to in that Article:
a person that is not a corporation;
法人でない者
a corporation with a stated capital or capital contributions of less than the amount that is found to be necessary and appropriate for protecting the interests of purchasers, as specified by Cabinet Order;
資本金又は出資の額が購入者の利益を保護するため必要かつ適当であると認められる金額で政令で定めるものに満たない法人
a corporation with an amount of total assets minus total liabilities that is less than 90 percent of its stated capital or capital contributions;
資産の合計額から負債の合計額を控除した額が資本金又は出資の額の百分の九十に相当する額に満たない法人
a corporation that, beyond what is stated in the preceding two items, does not have a sufficient financial basis to soundly perform the business involved in prepaid installment sales;
a corporation with general conditions in the contract for prepaid installment sales that do not conform to the standards specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Cabinet Office Order;
前払式割賦販売契約約款の内容が経済産業省令・内閣府令で定める基準に適合しない法人
a corporation whose license has been rescinded pursuant to the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (1) or (2), if two years have not yet passed since the date of the rescission;
a corporation that has been sentenced to a fine pursuant to the provisions of this Act, if two years have not yet passed since the day on which it finished serving the sentence or ceased to be subject to its enforcement; or
この法律の規定により罰金の刑に処せられ、その刑の執行を終わり、又は執行を受けることがなくなつた日から二年を経過しない法人
a corporation with an officer that falls under one of the following:
役員のうちに次のいずれかに該当する者のある法人
a person that has not had rights restored after receiving a ruling of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings;
破産手続開始の決定を受けて復権を得ない者
a person that has been sentenced to imprisonment or a heavier punishment, or a person that has been sentenced to a fine pursuant to the provisions of this Act, if two years have not yet passed since the day on which the person finished serving the sentence or ceased to be subject to its enforcement; or
拘禁刑以上の刑に処せられ、又はこの法律の規定により罰金の刑に処せられ、その刑の執行を終わり、又は執行を受けることがなくなつた日から二年を経過しない者
a person that, during the thirty days before the relevant disposition, was the officer of a person licensed as referred to in Article 11 (referred to below as a "licensed installment seller") whose license has been rescinded pursuant to Article 23, paragraph (1) or (2), if two years have not yet passed since the date of that disposition.
The total assets and the total liabilities referred to in item (iii) of the preceding paragraph must be calculated pursuant to Cabinet Order.
前項第三号の資産の合計額及び負債の合計額は、政令で定めるところにより計算しなければならない。
If an application is filed for the license referred to in Article 11 and the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry reaches the disposition not to grant the license, the minister must notify the applicant of this without delay, indicating the reasons for refusal.
経済産業大臣は、第十一条の許可の申請があつた場合において、不許可の処分をしたときは、遅滞なく、その理由を示して、その旨を申請者に通知しなければならない。
Article 16Making Business Security Deposits
A licensed installment seller must make a business security deposit with the closest official depository to its principal business office.
許可割賦販売業者は、営業保証金を主たる営業所のもよりの供託所に供託しなければならない。
Once a licensed installment seller makes a business security deposit, it must file a notification of this with the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, accompanied by a copy of the deposit statement showing receipt of the deposit.
許可割賦販売業者は、営業保証金を供託したときは、供託物受入れの記載のある供託書の写しを添附して、その旨を経済産業大臣に届け出なければならない。
A licensed installment seller must not commence prepaid installment sale operations until after it files the notification under the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 17
The amount of the business security deposit referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article is the sum total of 100,000 yen for the principal business office and 50,000 yen for each other business office or agency office.
前条第一項の営業保証金の額は、主たる営業所につき十万円、その他の営業所又は代理店につき営業所又は代理店ごとに五万円の割合による金額の合計額とする。
National and local government bonds and other securities specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (including book-entry transfer bonds prescribed in Article 278, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Book-Entry Transfer of Corporate Bonds and Shares (Act No. 75 of 2001)) may serve as the business security deposit referred to in the preceding paragraph, pursuant to the provisions of Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
前項の営業保証金は、経済産業省令で定めるところにより、国債証券、地方債証券その他の経済産業省令で定める有価証券(社債、株式等の振替に関する法律(平成十三年法律第七十五号)第二百七十八条第一項に規定する振替債を含む。)をもつて、これに充てることができる。
Article 18
If a licensed installment seller newly establishes a business office or agency office after commencing operations, it must deposit the business security deposit for each such business office or agency office in the amount calculated based on the rates prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
The provisions of Article 16 and paragraph (2) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis when a deposit is made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 18-2
If a licensed installment seller closes some of its business offices or agency offices and the amount of the business security deposit exceeds the amount prescribed in Article 17, paragraph (1), the licensed installment seller may recover the excess amount.
The recovery of the excess business security deposit as referred to in the preceding paragraph is not permitted unless public notice is issued to the persons with the right to that business security deposit as referred to in Article 21, paragraph (1), indicating that those persons must make a filing within a fixed period of not less than six months, and no filing is made within that period; provided, however, that this does not apply once ten years have passed following the occurrence of grounds for the recovery of a business security deposit.
The necessary matters of the public notice referred to in the preceding paragraph and other matters relevant to the recovery of the business security deposit as referred to in the provisions of paragraph (1) are specified by Order of the Ministry of Justice and Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
Article 18-3Preservative Measures for Advances Received
If, as of March 31 and September 30 of each year (each of these days is referred to below as a "base date"), the amount that corresponds to one-half of the total amount of advances that a licensed installment seller has received, from persons with which it has concluded contracts for prepaid installment sales by that base date, as all or part of the cost of the goods under the contracts, exceeds the amount of the business security deposit provided for in Article 17, paragraph (1) as of the base date, the licensed installment seller must not conclude any new contract for prepaid installment sales after fifty days have passed counting from the day after that base date, until it takes the preservative measures for advances received which are referred to in the following paragraph and notifies the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry of this pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the following Article.
Preservative measures for advances received are the making of business deposit for prepaid services or the conclusion of a contract on the entrustment of business deposits for prepaid services, in a way that the licensed installment seller may allocate an amount that corresponds to one-half of the total amount of the advances that it receives by the base date, from persons with which it has concluded contracts for prepaid installment sales as of the base date, as all or part of the cost of the goods under the contracts, after the business security deposit prescribed in Article 17, paragraph (1) as of the base date is deducted (referred to below as the "base amount"), toward the repayment of obligations arising from those contracts.
A contract on the entrustment of business deposits for prepaid services that is concluded as a preservative measure for advances received is a contract under which the entrusted party agrees to make a business deposit for prepaid services on behalf of the entrusting party, in an amount that corresponds to that with which it is entrusted, if the licensed installment seller that is the entrusting party comes to fall under one of the items of Article 27, paragraph (1) or if the entrusted party receives instructions under the provisions of Article 20-3, paragraph (3), during the period from the day after the notification under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the following Article until fifty days have elapsed counting from the day after the next base date (or, if a notification under that paragraph which concerns the base amount for that next base date is filed before that day, until the day of that notification).
It is not permissible for a person other than a bank, financial institution specified by Cabinet Order, or person designated by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry to become the entrusted party under a contract on the entrustment of business deposit for prepaid services as referred to in the preceding paragraph (simply referred to below as a "contract on the entrustment of business deposits").
銀行その他政令で定める金融機関又は経済産業大臣の指定する者でなければ、前項の前受業務保証金供託委託契約(以下単に「供託委託契約」という。)の受託者となることができない。
The provisions of Article 16, paragraph (1) and Article 17, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis when a business deposit for prepaid services is made as a preservative measure for advances received.
定義第二条第一項・法令全体に適用
次に掲げるもの
わかりやすく言うと
指定された商品・権利・役務を、代金や対価を二か月以上にわたり三回以上に分けて受け取る(業者の指定する銀行などに同様に分けて預金させ、そこから受け取る場合を含む)条件で販売・提供することと、カードなどを渡し、決まった時期ごとに利用額の合計をもとに計算した額を受け取る条件で販売・提供することです。
定義第二条第五項・法令全体に適用
定型的な条件で販売するのに適する商品であつて政令で定めるもの
わかりやすく言うと
決まった条件で売るのに向いた商品のうち、政令で定めるもののことです。
略称規定第三条第一項
割賦販売を業とする者(以下「割賦販売業者」という。)は、前条第一項第一号に規定する割賦販売(カード等を利用者に交付し又は付与し、そのカード等の提示若しくは通知を受けて、又はそれと引換えに当該利用者に商品若しくは権利を販売し、又は役務を提供…
わかりやすく言うと
割賦販売を仕事として行う者のことです。割賦販売とは、指定された商品などを、代金を二か月以上にわたり三回以上に分けて受け取る条件で売ることや、カードなどを渡して決まった時期ごとに利用額の合計をもとに計算した額を受け取る条件で売ることなどをいいます(第二条第一項)。
略称規定第十一条第一項
指定商品を引き渡すに先立つて購入者から二回以上にわたりその代金の全部又は一部を受領する第二条第一項第一号に規定する割賦販売(以下「前払式割賦販売」という。)は、経済産業大臣の許可を受けた者でなければ、業として営んではならない。
わかりやすく言うと
二か月以上・三回以上に分けて代金を受け取る条件で指定商品などを売る割賦販売(第二条第一項第一号)のうち、指定商品を引き渡す前に、購入者から二回以上にわたって代金の全部または一部を受け取るものです。
定義第十二条第三項
電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるもの
略称規定第十五条第一項第八号ハ
第十一条の許可を受けた者(以下「許可割賦販売業者」という。)が第二十三条第一項又は第二項の規定により許可を取り消された場合において、その処分のあつた日前三十日以内にその許可割賦販売業者の役員であつた者で…
わかりやすく言うと
前払式割賦販売(指定商品を引き渡す前に、購入者から二回以上に分けて代金の全部または一部を受け取る割賦販売)を業として営むために、経済産業大臣の許可(第十一条)を受けた者のことです。
略称規定第十八条の三第二項
前受金保全措置は、前受業務保証金の供託又は前受業務保証金供託委託契約の締結であつて、その措置により、許可割賦販売業者が、基準日において前払式割賦販売の契約を締結している者から当該基準日までにその契約に係る商品の代金の全部又は一部として受領…
わかりやすく言うと
前払式割賦販売の許可を受けた業者が、基準日(毎年三月三十一日と九月三十日)までに契約者から受け取った前受金の合計額の半分から、その基準日の営業保証金の額を差し引いた額のことです。前受金保全措置は、この額を契約による債務の支払に充てられるものでなければなりません。
略称規定第十八条の三第四項
銀行その他政令で定める金融機関又は経済産業大臣の指定する者でなければ、前項の前受業務保証金供託委託契約(以下単に「供託委託契約」という。)の受託者となることができない。
わかりやすく言うと
前払式割賦販売の前受金を守る措置として許可割賦販売業者が結ぶ前受業務保証金供託委託契約のことです。一定の期間内に業者に一定の事由が生じた場合などに、受託者が業者のために委託額に相当する前受業務保証金を供託すると約束する契約です。
定款
会社を設立するときに発起人(持分会社では社員になろうとする者)が作成する、会社の根本規則です(会社法第二十六条・第五百七十五条)。目的・商号・本店の所在地・設立に際して出資される財産の価額又はその最低額・発起人の氏名又は名称及び住所は必ず記載します(第二十七条)。株式会社の定款は公証人の認証を受けなければ効力を生じず(第三十条第一項)、成立後は株主総会の決議で変更できます(第四百六十六条)。「定款に別段の定めがある場合を除き」とする規定が多く、会社法がその会社にどう適用されるかを定款が大きく左右します。
会社法第26条・第27条・第30条・第466条・第575条、Wikipedia「定款」を参考にAIが作成。
罰金
金銭を国に納めさせる刑罰で、一万円以上です。減軽する場合は一万円未満に下げることができます(刑法第十五条)。拘禁刑より軽く、拘留や科料より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。完納できない人は、一日以上二年以下(罰金を併科した場合などは三年以下)の期間、労役場に留置され、その期間は刑の言渡しのときに定められます(同法第十八条第一項・第三項・第四項)。裁判が確定した後三十日以内は、本人の承諾がなければ留置の執行はできません(同条第五項)。刑の言渡しが確定した後、三年間執行を受けないと時効が完成し、執行の免除を得ます(同法第三十一条・第三十二条第五号)。ただし、法令により執行を猶予し又は停止した期間や、本人が国外にいる期間は時効が進行せず、執行行為をすると時効は中断します(同法第三十三条・第三十四条第二項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第15条・第18条・第31条〜第34条を参考にAIが作成。
拘禁刑
刑事施設に拘置する刑です。無期と有期があり、有期は一月以上二十年以下です(刑法第十二条第一項・第二項)。刑を加重するときは三十年まで上げ、減軽するときは一月未満に下げることができます(同法第十四条第二項)。改善更生を図るため、必要な作業を行わせ、又は必要な指導を行うことができます(同法第十二条第三項)。主刑の中では死刑の次に重く、罰金より重い刑です(同法第九条・第十条第一項)。刑法等の一部を改正する法律(令和四年法律第六十七号)の施行により、懲役と禁錮に代わって設けられました(同法第二条)。懲役又は禁錮に処せられた人は、人の資格に関する法令の適用については、刑期を同じくする拘禁刑に処せられた人とみなされます(令和四年法律第六十八号第四百四十三条第一項)。
刑法第9条・第10条・第12条・第14条、令和4年法律第67号第2条、令和4年法律第68号第443条を参考にAIが作成。
供託所
法令の定めにより供託する金銭や有価証券を保管する役所で、法務局、地方法務局、それらの支局、または法務大臣が指定するそれらの出張所がこれに当たります(供託法第一条)。事務は、法務局や地方法務局の長が供託官として指定した職員が取り扱います(供託法第一条の二)。宅地建物取引業法では、宅地建物取引業者は、営業保証金を主たる事務所の最寄りの供託所に供託しなければなりません(宅地建物取引業法第二十五条第一項)。業者と宅地建物取引業に関して取引をした人(ほかの業者を除きます)は、その取引で生じた債権について、この営業保証金から支払を受ける権利があります(宅地建物取引業法第二十七条第一項)。業者は、契約が成立するまでに、相手方にその供託所と所在地を説明しなければなりません。業者が宅地建物取引業保証協会の社員であるときは、協会の名称や所在地と、協会が供託した供託所とその所在地を説明します(宅地建物取引業法第三十五条の二)。
供託法第1条・第1条の2、宅地建物取引業法第25条・第27条・第35条の2・第64条の7を参考にAIが作成。