The methods of valuation specified by Cabinet Order prescribed in Article 47, paragraph (1) (Calculation of Costs of Inventory Sold and Valuation Methods) of the Act that may be selected for calculating, pursuant to that paragraph, the assessed value of Inventory held on December 31 of that year (where the Resident referred to in that paragraph dies or becomes Absent From Japan during the year, the time of that death or the start of that Absence From Japan; the same applies hereinafter in this Subsection) are the following methods (where approval from the district director for filing a Blue Return for the income tax for that year has not been obtained, the method listed in item (i)).
the cost method (meaning a method of calculating the acquisition price of Inventory held on December 31 of that year (hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as "closing inventory") by any one of the following methods and taking the acquisition price so calculated as the assessed value of that closing inventory):
原価法（その年十二月三十一日において有する棚卸資産（以下この項において「期末棚卸資産」という。）につき次に掲げる方法のうちいずれかの方法によつてその取得価額を算出し、その算出した取得価額をもつて当該期末棚卸資産の評価額とする方法をいう。）
the specific identification method (meaning a method of taking the individual acquisition price of the whole of the closing inventory as its acquisition price);
個別法（期末棚卸資産の全部について、その個々の取得価額をその取得価額とする方法をいう。）
the first-in first-out method (meaning a method of distinguishing closing inventory by differences in kind, quality, and model (hereinafter in this paragraph referred to as "types, etc."), and, for items of the same types, etc., regarding that closing inventory as consisting, in sequence, of Inventory of the same types, etc. starting from that acquired on the day nearest to December 31 of that year, and taking the acquisition price of the Inventory so regarded as its acquisition price);
the total average method (meaning a method of distinguishing Inventory by differences in types, etc., and, for items of the same types, etc., taking as the acquisition price per unit the price calculated by dividing the sum of the total amount of the acquisition price of Inventory of the same types, etc. held on January 1 of that year and the total amount of the acquisition price of Inventory of the same types, etc. acquired during that year by the total quantity of that Inventory);
総平均法（棚卸資産をその種類等の異なるごとに区別し、その種類等の同じものについて、その年一月一日において有していた種類等を同じくする棚卸資産の取得価額の総額とその年中に取得した種類等を同じくする棚卸資産の取得価額の総額との合計額をこれらの棚卸資産の総数量で除して計算した価額をその一単位当たりの取得価額とする方法をいう。）
the moving average method (meaning a method of distinguishing Inventory by differences in types, etc., and, for items of the same types, etc., regarding the initial acquisition price per unit as having been revised, where Inventory of the same types, etc. is acquired again, to the average unit price calculated on the basis of the quantities and acquisition prices of the Inventory held at the time of that acquisition and the Inventory so acquired, regarding the acquisition price per unit as having been revised by the same method each time Inventory of the same types, etc. is acquired thereafter, and taking as the acquisition price per unit the acquisition price per unit regarded as having been revised on the day nearest to December 31 of that year);
移動平均法（棚卸資産をその種類等の異なるごとに区別し、その種類等の同じものについて、当初の一単位当たりの取得価額が、再び種類等を同じくする棚卸資産を取得した場合にはその取得の時において有する当該棚卸資産とその取得した棚卸資産との数量及び取得価額を基礎として算出した平均単価によつて改定されたものとみなし、以後種類等を同じくする棚卸資産を取得する都度同様の方法により一単位当たりの取得価額が改定されたものとみなし、その年十二月三十一日から最も近い日において改定されたものとみなされた一単位当たりの取得価額をその一単位当たりの取得価額とする方法をいう。）
the last purchase cost method (meaning a method of distinguishing closing inventory by differences in types, etc., and, for items of the same types, etc., taking the acquisition price per unit of those acquired on the day nearest to December 31 of that year as the acquisition price per unit);
the retail method (meaning a method of distinguishing closing inventory by differences in types, etc. or the ordinary gross profit rate (meaning the ratio that the amount obtained by deducting the price normally required to acquire the Inventory from the ordinary sales price of the Inventory bears to that ordinary sales price; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph), and, for items of the same types, etc. or ordinary gross profit rate, taking as the acquisition price the amount calculated by multiplying the total of the ordinary sales prices of Inventory of the same types, etc. or ordinary gross profit rate as of December 31 of that year by the cost ratio (meaning the ratio that the sum of the total amount of the acquisition price of that Inventory as of January 1 of that year and the total amount of the acquisition price of that Inventory acquired during that year bears to the sum of the total of those ordinary sales prices and the total amount of consideration for that Inventory sold during that year));
売価還元法（期末棚卸資産をその種類等又は通常の差益の率（棚卸資産の通常の販売価額のうちに当該通常の販売価額から当該棚卸資産を取得するために通常要する価額を控除した金額の占める割合をいう。以下この項において同じ。）の異なるごとに区別し、その種類等又は通常の差益の率の同じものについて、その年十二月三十一日における種類等又は通常の差益の率を同じくする棚卸資産の通常の販売価額の総額に原価の率（当該通常の販売価額の総額とその年中に販売した当該棚卸資産の対価の総額との合計額のうちにその年一月一日における当該棚卸資産の取得価額の総額とその年中に取得した当該棚卸資産の取得価額の総額との合計額の占める割合をいう。）を乗じて計算した金額をその取得価額とする方法をいう。）
the lower of cost or market method (meaning a method of distinguishing closing inventory by differences in types, etc. (for those based on the price calculated by the cost method using the acquisition price calculated by the retail method listed in (f) of the preceding item, types, etc. or ordinary gross profit rate; the same applies hereinafter in this item), and, for items of the same types, etc., taking as the assessed value the lower of the price assessed by the cost method using the acquisition price calculated by any of the methods listed in the preceding item and the price as of December 31 of that year).
The cost method using the acquisition price calculated by the specific identification method listed in item (i), (a) of the preceding paragraph (including the lower of cost or market method listed in item (ii) of that paragraph that is based on the price assessed by that cost method) may not be selected, notwithstanding the provisions of that paragraph, for Inventory that is normally acquired in large quantities through a single transaction and whose price is determined according to specifications.
略称規定第九十九条第一項第一号・この項の中だけ
原価法（その年十二月三十一日において有する棚卸資産（以下この項において「期末棚卸資産」という。）につき次に掲げる方法のうちいずれかの方法によつてその取得価額を算出し、その算出した取得価額をもつて当該期末棚卸資産の評価額とする方法をいう。）
わかりやすく言うと
その年十二月三十一日に持っている棚卸資産のことです。原価法では、その取得価額を個別法、先入先出法、総平均法、移動平均法、最終仕入原価法又は売価還元法のいずれかで算出し、それを評価額とします。
略称規定第九十九条第一項第一号ロ・この項の中だけ
先入先出法（期末棚卸資産をその種類、品質及び型（以下この項において「種類等」という。）の異なるごとに区別し、その種類等の同じものについて、当該期末棚卸資産をその年十二月三十一日から最も近い日において取得した種類等を同じくする棚卸資産から順…
わかりやすく言うと
期末棚卸資産の種類、品質及び型のことです。先入先出法では、これが同じ棚卸資産ごとに区別して取得価額を計算します。
税務署長
国税庁の地方支分部局である国税局の事務の一部を分掌するため各地に置かれる税務署の長です（財務省設置法第二十四条）。納税者が通常相対する機関で、所得税の確定申告書は税務署長に提出し（所得税法第百二十条第一項）、更正・決定や国税の徴収は現在の納税地を所轄する税務署長が行います（国税通則法第三十条・第四十三条）。税務署長の処分に不服がある者は、その税務署長に対する再調査の請求か、国税不服審判所長に対する審査請求のいずれかを選べます（同法第七十五条第一項第一号）。ただし、調査が国税局又は国税庁の職員によってされた旨の記載がある書面で通知された処分は、国税局長又は国税庁長官がしたものとみなされ、国税庁長官がしたものとみなされた処分については国税庁長官に対する審査請求のみとなります（同条第二項）。
財務省設置法第24条、国税通則法第30条・第43条・第75条、所得税法第120条を参考にAIが作成。