Article 3Benefits Whose Ground for Payment Is Old Age or Retirement, Specified by Cabinet Order under Article 7, Paragraph (1), Item (i) of the Act
第三条(法第七条第一項第一号の政令で定める老齢又は退職を支給事由とする給付)
The benefits whose ground for payment is old age or retirement, specified by Cabinet Order as prescribed in Article 7, paragraph (1), item (i) of the Act, are as follows:
法第七条第一項第一号に規定する老齢又は退職を支給事由とする給付であつて政令で定めるものは、次のとおりとする。
The old-age employees' pension under the Employees' Pension Insurance Act, and the old-age pension under the Employees' Pension Insurance Act prior to its amendment by Article 3 of the 1985 Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former Employees' Pension Insurance Act");
The old-age pension under the Mariners Insurance Act (Act No. 73 of 1939) prior to its amendment by Article 5 of the 1985 Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former Mariners Insurance Act");
昭和六十年改正法第五条の規定による改正前の船員保険法(昭和十四年法律第七十三号。以下「旧船員保険法」という。)による老齢年金
Among the national public officers' mutual aid pension before the 2012 unification, the retirement mutual aid pension (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety under the provisions of Article 10, paragraph (2) of the Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit under the National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 129 of 1958)), and the retirement pension (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety under the provisions of Article 77, paragraph (2) of the pre-1985 National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act) and the reduced retirement pension under the National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 128 of 1958) prior to its amendment by Article 1 of the Act Partially Amending the National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 105 of 1985; hereinafter referred to as the "1985 National Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act") (hereinafter referred to as the "pre-1985 National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act") and under the Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit under the National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act prior to its amendment by Article 2 of the 1985 National Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former National Enforcement Act");
平成二十四年一元化法改正前国共済年金のうち退職共済年金(国家公務員共済組合法の長期給付に関する施行法(昭和三十三年法律第百二十九号)第十条第二項の規定によりその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)並びに国家公務員等共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和六十年法律第百五号。以下「昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法」という。)第一条の規定による改正前の国家公務員等共済組合法(昭和三十三年法律第百二十八号。以下「旧国家公務員等共済組合法」という。)及び昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法第二条の規定による改正前の国家公務員等共済組合法の長期給付に関する施行法(以下「旧国の施行法」という。)による退職年金(旧国家公務員等共済組合法第七十七条第二項の規定によりその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)及び減額退職年金
A retirement mutual aid pension under the provisions of Article 41, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act;
平成二十四年一元化法附則第四十一条第一項の規定による退職共済年金
Among the local public officers' mutual aid pension before the 2012 unification, the retirement mutual aid pension (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety under the provisions of Article 17 of the Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit, etc. under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 153 of 1962)), and the retirement pension (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety under the provisions of Article 79, paragraph (2) of the former Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act) and the reduced retirement pension under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 152 of 1962; excluding Chapter XI) prior to its amendment by Article 1 of the Act Partially Amending the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 108 of 1985; hereinafter referred to as the "1985 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act") (hereinafter referred to as the "former Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act") and under the Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit, etc. under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act prior to its amendment by Article 2 of the 1985 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former Local Enforcement Act");
平成二十四年一元化法改正前地共済年金のうち退職共済年金(地方公務員等共済組合法の長期給付等に関する施行法(昭和三十七年法律第百五十三号)第十七条の規定によりその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)並びに地方公務員等共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和六十年法律第百八号。以下「昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法」という。)第一条の規定による改正前の地方公務員等共済組合法(昭和三十七年法律第百五十二号。第十一章を除く。以下「旧地方公務員等共済組合法」という。)及び昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法第二条の規定による改正前の地方公務員等共済組合法の長期給付等に関する施行法(以下「旧地方の施行法」という。)による退職年金(旧地方公務員等共済組合法第七十九条第二項の規定によりその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)及び減額退職年金
A retirement mutual aid pension under the provisions of Article 65, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act;
平成二十四年一元化法附則第六十五条第一項の規定による退職共済年金
Among the private school personnel mutual aid pension before the 2012 unification, the retirement mutual aid pension (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety under the provisions of paragraph (15) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act Partially Amending the Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 140 of 1961)), and the retirement pension (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety under the provisions of Article 77, paragraph (2) of the pre-1985 National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 25, paragraph (1) of the pre-1985 Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act) and the reduced retirement pension under the Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 245 of 1953) prior to its amendment by Article 1 of the Act Partially Amending the Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 106 of 1985) (hereinafter referred to as the "pre-1985 Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act");
平成二十四年一元化法改正前私学共済年金のうち退職共済年金(私立学校教職員共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和三十六年法律第百四十号)附則第十五項の規定によりその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)並びに私立学校教職員共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和六十年法律第百六号)第一条の規定による改正前の私立学校教職員共済組合法(昭和二十八年法律第二百四十五号。以下「旧私立学校教職員共済組合法」という。)による退職年金(旧私立学校教職員共済組合法第二十五条第一項において準用する旧国家公務員等共済組合法第七十七条第二項の規定によりその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)及び減額退職年金
Among the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pension (meaning the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pension prescribed in Article 16, paragraph (4) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act for Abolishing the Mutual Aid Association Act for Employees of Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Organizations, etc. to Integrate the Employees' Pension Insurance System and the Mutual Aid Association System for Employees of Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Organizations (Act No. 101 of 2001; hereinafter referred to as the "2001 Integration Act"); the same applies in Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (ii)), the retirement mutual aid pension, and among the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pension (meaning the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pension prescribed in Article 16, paragraph (6) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2001 Integration Act; the same applies in Article 4-8, paragraph (2), item (vii) and Article 6-5, paragraph (2), item (viii)), the retirement pension (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety under the provisions of the proviso to Article 36, paragraph (1) of the old-system agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid law (meaning the old-system agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid law prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1), item (v) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2001 Integration Act; the same applies in Article 6-5, paragraph (2), item (viii))) and the reduced retirement pension;
移行農林共済年金(厚生年金保険制度及び農林漁業団体職員共済組合制度の統合を図るための農林漁業団体職員共済組合法等を廃止する等の法律(平成十三年法律第百一号。以下「平成十三年統合法」という。)附則第十六条第四項に規定する移行農林共済年金をいう。第六条の五第一項第二号において同じ。)のうち退職共済年金並びに移行農林年金(平成十三年統合法附則第十六条第六項に規定する移行農林年金をいう。第四条の八第二項第七号及び第六条の五第二項第八号において同じ。)のうち退職年金(旧制度農林共済法(平成十三年統合法附則第二条第一項第五号に規定する旧制度農林共済法をいう。第六条の五第二項第八号において同じ。)第三十六条第一項ただし書の規定によりその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)及び減額退職年金
A benefit under the Public Officers Pension Act (Act No. 48 of 1923; including where applied mutatis mutandis in other Acts) whose ground for payment is retirement;
恩給法(大正十二年法律第四十八号。他の法律において準用する場合を含む。)による給付であつて退職を支給事由とするもの
A benefit that is a pension under a Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance concerning retirement pensions of local public officers, whose ground for payment is retirement (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety on the ground of age);
地方公務員の退職年金に関する条例による年金たる給付であつて退職を支給事由とするもの(年齢を理由としてその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)
A benefit that is a pension under the provisions of Article 13 of the Supplementary Provisions of the Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 111 of 1966) prior to its amendment by the Act Partially Amending the Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 18 of 2007) (hereinafter referred to as the "former Court Enforcement Officer Act"), whose ground for payment is retirement (excluding one for which payment is suspended in its entirety on the ground of age);
執行官法の一部を改正する法律(平成十九年法律第十八号)による改正前の執行官法(昭和四十一年法律第百十一号。以下「旧執行官法」という。)附則第十三条の規定による年金たる給付であつて退職を支給事由とするもの(年齢を理由としてその全額につき支給を停止されているものを除く。)
The ordinary retirement pension under Article 7, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act to Abolish the Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Act (Act No. 1 of 2006; hereinafter in this item, Article 4-8, paragraph (1), item (vi) and Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xi) referred to as the "Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Abolition Act") (excluding one for which payment is suspended under the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (1) of the Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Act (Act No. 70 of 1958) prior to its abolition by the Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Abolition Act, which is to be followed pursuant to the provisions of Article 7, paragraph (2) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Abolition Act), and the ordinary retirement pension under Article 9, paragraph (1) of the former Diet members' mutual aid pension law (meaning the Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Act prior to its abolition by the Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Abolition Act, which remains in force pursuant to the provisions of Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Abolition Act; the same applies in this item, Article 4-8, paragraph (1), item (vi) and Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xi)) (excluding one for which payment is suspended under the provisions of Article 15, paragraph (1) of the former Diet members' mutual aid pension law);
国会議員互助年金法を廃止する法律(平成十八年法律第一号。以下この号、第四条の八第一項第六号及び第六条の五第一項第十一号において「互助年金廃止法」という。)附則第七条第一項の普通退職年金(互助年金廃止法附則第七条第二項の規定によりその例によることとされる互助年金廃止法による廃止前の国会議員互助年金法(昭和三十三年法律第七十号)第十五条第一項の規定によりその支給を停止されているものを除く。)及び旧国会議員互助年金法(互助年金廃止法附則第二条第一項の規定によりなおその効力を有することとされる互助年金廃止法による廃止前の国会議員互助年金法をいう。以下この号、第四条の八第一項第六号及び第六条の五第一項第十一号において同じ。)第九条第一項の普通退職年金(旧国会議員互助年金法第十五条第一項の規定によりその支給を停止されているものを除く。)
The former retirement pension under Article 2 of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act, paid by the surviving mutual aid society prescribed in Article 23, paragraph (1), item (iii) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act Partially Amending the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 56 of 2011; hereinafter in this item and Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xii) referred to as the "2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act") (referred to as the "surviving mutual aid society" in Article 4-8, paragraph (1), item (vii) and Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xii)) (excluding one for which payment is suspended under the provisions of Article 164, paragraph (1) of the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act prior to its amendment by the 2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act, as the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to the provisions of Article 2 of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act), and the special retirement pension under Article 12, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act (excluding one for which payment is suspended under the provisions of Article 164, paragraph (1) of the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act prior to its amendment by the 2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act, as the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to the provisions of Article 2 of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act, which is to be followed pursuant to the provisions of Article 12, paragraph (2) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act).
地方公務員等共済組合法の一部を改正する法律(平成二十三年法律第五十六号。以下この号及び第六条の五第一項第十二号において「平成二十三年地共済改正法」という。)附則第二十三条第一項第三号に規定する存続共済会(第四条の八第一項第七号及び第六条の五第一項第十二号において「存続共済会」という。)が支給する平成二十三年地共済改正法附則第二条の旧退職年金(同条の規定によりなお従前の例によることとされる平成二十三年地共済改正法による改正前の地方公務員等共済組合法第百六十四条第一項の規定によりその支給を停止されているものを除く。)及び平成二十三年地共済改正法附則第十二条第一項の特例退職年金(同条第二項の規定によりその例によることとされる平成二十三年地共済改正法附則第二条の規定によりなお従前の例によることとされる平成二十三年地共済改正法による改正前の地方公務員等共済組合法第百六十四条第一項の規定によりその支給を停止されているものを除く。)
Read this with the articles around it
1985 Amendment Actmachine translation
「昭和六十年改正法」
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the National Pension Act, etc. (Act No. 34 of 1985).
Short name set inArticle 1-2, paragraph (1), item (iii), (a)
2012 Pension Unification Actmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法」
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the Employees' Pension Insurance Act, etc. to Unify, etc. the Employees' Pension Systems (Act No. 63 of 2012), the 2012 Act to unify the employees' pension systems (被用者年金制度).
Short name set inArticle 1-2, paragraph (1), item (iii), (c)
national public officers' mutual aid pension before the 2012 unificationmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法改正前国共済年金」
A pension benefit under the National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act as it stood before Act No. 63 of 2012 (平成二十四年一元化法) amended it, as Article 37, paragraph (1) of that Act's supplementary provisions (附則) refers to it.
Short name set inArticle 1-2, paragraph (1), item (iii), (c)
local public officers' mutual aid pension before the 2012 unificationmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法改正前地共済年金」
A pension benefit under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act as it stood before Act No. 63 of 2012 (平成二十四年一元化法) amended it, as Article 61, paragraph (1) of that Act's supplementary provisions (附則) refers to it.
Defined inArticle 1-2, paragraph (1), item (iii), (c)
private school personnel mutual aid pension before the 2012 unificationmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法改正前私学共済年金」
A pension benefit under the Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act as it stood before Act No. 63 of 2012 (平成二十四年一元化法) amended it, as Article 79 of that Act's supplementary provisions (附則) refers to it.
Defined inArticle 1-2, paragraph (1), item (iii), (c)
former Employees' Pension Insurance Actmachine translation
「旧厚生年金保険法」
The Employees' Pension Insurance Act as it stood before Article 3 of the Act partially amending the National Pension Act and other Acts (Act No. 34 of 1985) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (i)
former Mariners Insurance Actmachine translation
「旧船員保険法」
The Mariners Insurance Act (Act No. 73 of 1939) as it stood before Article 5 of Act No. 34 of 1985 (昭和六十年改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (ii)
former National Enforcement Actmachine translation
「旧国の施行法」
The Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit under the National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 129 of 1958) as it stood before Article 2 of Act No. 105 of 1985 (昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (iii)
pre-1985 National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Actmachine translation
「旧国家公務員等共済組合法」
The mutual aid association law for national public officers (国家公務員等共済組合法 (an Act), Act No. 128 of 1958) as it stood before Article 1 of Act No. 105 of 1985 (昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (iii)
1985 National Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Actmachine translation
「昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法」
Short name for Act No. 105 of 1985, the 1985 Act partially amending the mutual aid association law for national public officers and other laws.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (iii)
former Local Enforcement Actmachine translation
「旧地方の施行法」
The Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit, etc. under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act as it stood before Article 2 of Act No. 108 of 1985 (昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (iv)
former Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Actmachine translation
「旧地方公務員等共済組合法」
The Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 152 of 1962), other than its Chapter 11, as it stood before Article 1 of Act No. 108 of 1985 (昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (iv)
1985 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Actmachine translation
「昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法」
Short name for Act No. 108 of 1985, the 1985 Act partially amending the mutual aid association law for local public officers and other laws.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (iv)
pre-1985 Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Actmachine translation
「旧私立学校教職員共済組合法」
The mutual aid association law for private school personnel (私立学校教職員共済組合法 (an Act), Act No. 245 of 1953) as it stood before Article 1 of Act No. 106 of 1985 amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (v)
2001 Integration Actmachine translation
「平成十三年統合法」
Short name for Act No. 101 of 2001, the 2001 Act that abolished the law on the mutual aid association for employees of agricultural, forestry and fishery organisations and other laws, to integrate that association's system into Employees' Pension Insurance (厚生年金保険).
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (vi)
old-system agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid lawmachine translation
「旧制度農林共済法」
The old-system agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid law (旧制度農林共済法) as Article 2, paragraph (1), item (v) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001 (平成十三年統合法) defines it: an earlier form of the mutual aid law for employees of agricultural, forestry and fishery organisations, which that Act, as its title says, abolished.
Defined inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (vi)· applies only in this provision and in Article 6-5, paragraph (2), item (viii)
transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pensionmachine translation
「移行農林共済年金」
A transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pension (移行農林共済年金) as provided in Article 16, paragraph (4) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001 (平成十三年統合法), the Act that integrated the mutual aid system for employees of agricultural, forestry and fishery organisations into Employees' Pension Insurance (厚生年金保険).
Defined inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (vi)· applies only in this provision and in Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (ii)
transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pensionmachine translation
「移行農林年金」
A transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pension (移行農林年金) as provided in Article 16, paragraph (6) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001 (平成十三年統合法), the Act that integrated the mutual aid system for employees of agricultural, forestry and fishery organisations into Employees' Pension Insurance (厚生年金保険).
Defined inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (vi)· applies only in this provision and in Article 4-8, paragraph (2), item (vii); and Article 6-5, paragraph (2), item (viii)
former Court Enforcement Officer Actmachine translation
「旧執行官法」
The Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 111 of 1966) as it stood before the Act Partially Amending the Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 18 of 2007) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (ix)
Diet Members' Mutual Aid Pension Abolition Actmachine translation
「互助年金廃止法」
Short name for Act No. 1 of 2006, the Act that abolished the law on mutual aid pensions for members of the Diet (国会議員互助年金法, Act No. 70 of 1958).
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies only in this item and in Article 4-8, paragraph (1), item (vi); and Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xi)
former Diet members' mutual aid pension lawmachine translation
「旧国会議員互助年金法」
The law on mutual aid pensions for members of the Diet (国会議員互助年金法, Act No. 70 of 1958) as it stood before Act No. 1 of 2006 (互助年金廃止法) abolished it, as kept in force by Article 2, paragraph (1) of that Act's supplementary provisions (附則).
Defined inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies only in this item and in Article 4-8, paragraph (1), item (vi); and Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xi)
surviving mutual aid societymachine translation
「存続共済会」
A surviving mutual aid society (存続共済会) as provided in Article 23, paragraph (1), item (iii) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of the Act Partially Amending the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 56 of 2011), which pays the former retirement pensions (旧退職年金) and special retirement pensions (特例退職年金) that Act's supplementary provisions provide for.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (xi)· applies only in this provision and in Article 4-8, paragraph (1), item (vii); and Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xii)
2011 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Actmachine translation
「平成二十三年地共済改正法」
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 56 of 2011).
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1), item (xi)· applies only in this item and in Article 6-5, paragraph (1), item (xii)
Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance
条例
A rule a local government makes for itself: a prefecture (都道府県), a city, town or village (市町村), or one of Tokyo's special wards (特別区) (Local Autonomy Act, Articles 1-3, 281 and 283). Its assembly (議会), whose members the residents elect, passes it (Articles 89 and 96, paragraph (1), item (i)), and its head — the governor or the mayor (Article 139) — promulgates it, that is, makes it public so that it can take effect (Article 16). The Constitution lets local governments make them within the limits of Acts (Constitution, Article 94), and one may not go against the national laws and regulations (法令), such as Acts, Cabinet Orders (政令) and Ministerial Orders (省令) (Local Autonomy Act, Article 14, paragraph (1)). Unless national laws and regulations provide otherwise, a local government can impose a duty or restrict a right only by one of these (Article 14, paragraph (2)), and it may write into one penalties for breaking it, within limits the Local Autonomy Act sets (Article 14, paragraph (3)). It is made for that local government's own affairs (Article 2, paragraph (2) and Article 14, paragraph (1)), so the same matter can be handled differently from one place to the next. It is a local rule, not a national one: an "ordinance" in the name of a national rule, such as an Ordinance for Enforcement of an Act, is usually a Ministerial Order (省令) or another national instrument.
Written by AI using Constitution, Art. 94 and Local Autonomy Act, Arts. 1-3, 2, 14, 16, 89, 96, 139, 281, 283 as a reference.