Article 517Prohibition of Set-Offs
第五百十七条(相殺の禁止)
Creditors who hold agreement claims (hereinafter in this Section referred to as "agreement claim creditors") may not effect set-offs in the cases set forth below:
協定債権を有する債権者(以下この節において「協定債権者」という。)は、次に掲げる場合には、相殺をすることができない。
if the creditors assumed debts owed to the liquidating stock company after the commencement of special liquidation;
特別清算開始後に清算株式会社に対して債務を負担したとき。
if the creditor assumed debts owed to the liquidating stock company after the liquidating stock company became unable to pay its debts (meaning the status under which, due to its lack of capacity to pay, the liquidating stock company is generally and continuously unable to pay debts that are due; hereinafter the same applies in this Subsection) by entering into contracts with the liquidating stock company under which assets of the liquidating stock company are to be disposed of for the purpose of offsetting obligations the creditors assume under the contract exclusively against the agreement claims or by entering into contracts under which the creditors assume obligations of a person who owes the obligations to the liquidating stock company, and creditors had the knowledge at the time of executing relevant contracts that the liquidating stock company was unable to pay debts;
if they assumed debts after suspension of payment, and they had the knowledge at the time of relevant assumption of debt that payments had been suspended; provided, however, that this does not apply if the liquidating stock company was not insolvent at the time of relevant suspension of payments; or
if the creditors assumed debts after the commencement of special liquidation, and they had the knowledge at the time of the assumption that the petition for commencement of special liquidation had been filed.
特別清算開始の申立てがあった後に清算株式会社に対して債務を負担した場合であって、その負担の当時、特別清算開始の申立てがあったことを知っていたとき。
The provisions of item (ii) through item (iv) of the preceding paragraph do not apply if the assumption of debt pursuant to the provisions of those provisions is based on any of the causes set forth below:
前項第二号から第四号までの規定は、これらの規定に規定する債務の負担が次に掲げる原因のいずれかに基づく場合には、適用しない。
statutory causes;
法定の原因
causes in existence before the agreement claim creditors acquired the knowledge that the liquidating stock company was unable to pay debts, or the petition for suspension of payments or commencement of special liquidation had been filed; or
causes that accrued one year or more before the petition for the commencement of special liquidation was filed.
特別清算開始の申立てがあった時より一年以上前に生じた原因
第五百十八条
Creditors who owe debts to a liquidating stock company cannot effect the set-off in the cases set forth below:
清算株式会社に対して債務を負担する者は、次に掲げる場合には、相殺をすることができない。
if the creditors acquired agreement claims of others after the commencement of special liquidation;
特別清算開始後に他人の協定債権を取得したとき。
if the creditors acquired agreement claims after liquidating stock company became unable to pay debts, and they had the knowledge that the liquidating stock company was unable to pay debts at the time of the acquisition of the agreement claims;
if the creditors acquired agreement claims after the suspension of payment, and they had the knowledge that there was suspension of payment at the time of the acquisition of the same; provided, however, that this does not apply if the liquidating stock company was not unable to pay debts at the time of relevant suspension of payment;
if the creditors acquired agreement claims after the petition for commencement of special liquidation, and they had the knowledge that the commencement of special liquidation had been filed at the time of the acquisition of the agreement claims.
特別清算開始の申立てがあった後に協定債権を取得した場合であって、その取得の当時、特別清算開始の申立てがあったことを知っていたとき。
The provisions under items (ii) through (iv) of the preceding paragraph do not apply if the acquisition of the agreement claims provided for in those provisions is based on any of the causes set forth below:
前項第二号から第四号までの規定は、これらの規定に規定する協定債権の取得が次に掲げる原因のいずれかに基づく場合には、適用しない。
statutory causes;
法定の原因
causes in existence before the persons who assumed debts owed to the liquidating stock company acquired the knowledge that the liquidating stock company was unable to pay debts, or that a petition for suspension of payments or commencement of special liquidation was filed; or
causes that accrued one year or more before the petition for the commencement of special liquidation was filed; or
特別清算開始の申立てがあった時より一年以上前に生じた原因
contracts between the persons who assume debts owed to the liquidating stock company and the liquidating stock company.
清算株式会社に対して債務を負担する者と清算株式会社との間の契約
第五百十八条の二(共助対象外国租税債権者の手続参加)
In order to participate in special liquidation procedures based on a claim in respect of foreign taxes subject to mutual assistance, an agreement claim creditor holding such a claim must obtain a decision to implement mutual assistance as prescribed in Article 11, paragraph (1) of the Act on Special Provisions for the Enforcement of Tax Treaties.
Subsection 2 Supervision and Investigations by the Court
第二款 裁判所による監督及び調査
Article 519Supervision by the Court
第五百十九条(裁判所による監督)
If an order to commence special liquidation is issued, the liquidation of the liquidating stock company is subject to supervisions by the court.
特別清算開始の命令があったときは、清算株式会社の清算は、裁判所の監督に属する。
If the court finds it necessary, it may seek a statement of opinion with respect to procedures for the special liquidation of relevant liquidating stock company from the government agency that supervises the business of the liquidating stock company, or entrust the investigations to the same.
裁判所は、必要があると認めるときは、清算株式会社の業務を監督する官庁に対し、当該清算株式会社の特別清算の手続について意見の陳述を求め、又は調査を嘱託することができる。
The government agency under the preceding paragraph may state its opinion with respect to the procedures for special liquidation of relevant liquidating stock company to the court.
Article 520Investigations by the Court
第五百二十条(裁判所による調査)
The court may at any time order a liquidating stock company to report the status of its administration of the liquidation and assets, or otherwise conduct investigations that are necessary for the supervision of the liquidation.
裁判所は、いつでも、清算株式会社に対し、清算事務及び財産の状況の報告を命じ、その他清算の監督上必要な調査をすることができる。
Article 521Submission of Inventory of Property to the Court
第五百二十一条(裁判所への財産目録等の提出)
If an order to commence special liquidation is issued, the liquidating stock company must, without delay after the approval under Article 492, paragraph (3) is given, submit the inventory of property (meaning the inventory of property provided for in that paragraph; hereinafter the same applies in this Article); provided, however, that, if the inventory of property has been prepared as an electronic or magnetic record, a document showing the information recorded in that electronic or magnetic record must be submitted to the court.
特別清算開始の命令があった場合には、清算株式会社は、第四百九十二条第三項の承認があった後遅滞なく、財産目録等(同項に規定する財産目録等をいう。以下この条において同じ。)を裁判所に提出しなければならない。ただし、財産目録等が電磁的記録をもって作成されているときは、当該電磁的記録に記録された事項を記載した書面を裁判所に提出しなければならない。
Article 522Order to Investigate
第五百二十二条(調査命令)
If the court finds it necessary after the commencement of special liquidation considering the status of the assets of a liquidating stock company, it may effect the disposition ordering that the matters set forth below be investigated by investigators (hereinafter in Article 533 referred to as "investigation order") in response to a petition by liquidators, company auditors, creditors who have claims equivalent to one tenth or more of the total amount of the claims of creditors that have stated their claims and other creditors known to the liquidating stock company, or shareholders who have held, for the consecutive period of past six months or more (or, if a shorter period is provided for in the articles of incorporation, that period), not less than three hundredths of the voting rights of all shareholders (excluding the shareholders that cannot exercise voting rights on all matters on which resolutions can be passed at the shareholders meeting; or, if any proportion less than that is provided for in the articles of incorporation, that proportion) or shareholders who have held, for the consecutive period of past six months or more (or, if a shorter period is provided for in the articles of incorporation, that period), not less than three hundredths of the issued shares (excluding treasury shares; or, if a lower proportion is provided for in the articles of incorporation, the proportion) or ex officio:
裁判所は、特別清算開始後において、清算株式会社の財産の状況を考慮して必要があると認めるときは、清算人、監査役、債権の申出をした債権者その他清算株式会社に知れている債権者の債権の総額の十分の一以上に当たる債権を有する債権者若しくは総株主(株主総会において決議をすることができる事項の全部につき議決権を行使することができない株主を除く。)の議決権の百分の三(これを下回る割合を定款で定めた場合にあっては、その割合)以上の議決権を六箇月(これを下回る期間を定款で定めた場合にあっては、その期間)前から引き続き有する株主若しくは発行済株式(自己株式を除く。)の百分の三(これを下回る割合を定款で定めた場合にあっては、その割合)以上の数の株式を六箇月(これを下回る期間を定款で定めた場合にあっては、その期間)前から引き続き有する株主の申立てにより又は職権で、次に掲げる事項について、調査委員による調査を命ずる処分(第五百三十三条において「調査命令」という。)をすることができる。
circumstances that resulted in the commencement of special liquidation;
特別清算開始に至った事情
status of the business and assets of the liquidating stock company;
清算株式会社の業務及び財産の状況
whether or not it is necessary to issue the provisional order pursuant to the provisions of Article 540, paragraph (1); or
第五百四十条第一項の規定による保全処分をする必要があるかどうか。
whether or not it is necessary to issue the provisional order pursuant to the provisions of Article 542, paragraph (1);
第五百四十二条第一項の規定による保全処分をする必要があるかどうか。
whether or not it is necessary to make the ruling evaluating subject officers' liability provided for in Article 545, paragraph (1); or
第五百四十五条第一項に規定する役員等責任査定決定をする必要があるかどうか。
other matters necessary for special liquidation specified by the court.
その他特別清算に必要な事項で裁判所の指定するもの
The amounts of the claims in relation to which creditors who hold security interest (limited to special liens, pledges, mortgages or rights of retention provided for in the provisions of this Act or Commercial Code) with respect to the assets of a liquidating stock company are entitled to payment by exercising those security interests are not included in the amount of the claims under the preceding paragraph.
For the purpose of the application of the provisions of paragraph (1) to liquidating stock companies that are not public companies, the phrase "have held, for the consecutive period of six months or more (or, if a shorter period is provided for in the articles of incorporation, that period)", in that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "hold".
Subsection 3 Liquidators
第三款 清算人
Article 523Liquidators' Duty of Fairness and Good Faith
第五百二十三条(清算人の公平誠実義務)
If special liquidation is commenced, liquidators assume the duty to perform the liquidation administration in fairness and good faith in relation to creditors, the liquidating stock company and shareholders.
特別清算が開始された場合には、清算人は、債権者、清算株式会社及び株主に対し、公平かつ誠実に清算事務を行う義務を負う。
Article 524Dismissal of Liquidators
第五百二十四条(清算人の解任等)
The court may dismiss liquidators in response to the petition by creditors or shareholders or ex officio if the liquidators do not perform the liquidation administration properly or there otherwise are significant grounds to do so.
裁判所は、清算人が清算事務を適切に行っていないとき、その他重要な事由があるときは、債権者若しくは株主の申立てにより又は職権で、清算人を解任することができる。
The court appoints liquidators if there is any vacancy in the office of liquidator.
清算人が欠けたときは、裁判所は、清算人を選任する。
Even if there are liquidators in office, the court may appoint additional liquidators if the court finds it necessary.
清算人がある場合においても、裁判所は、必要があると認めるときは、更に清算人を選任することができる。
Article 525Liquidators' Agents
第五百二十五条(清算人代理)
If necessary, liquidators may appoint one or more liquidators' agents at their own responsibility to cause them perform the duties of the liquidators.
清算人は、必要があるときは、その職務を行わせるため、自己の責任で一人又は二人以上の清算人代理を選任することができる。
Permission of the court must be obtained with respect to the appointment of agents of liquidators under the preceding paragraph.
前項の清算人代理の選任については、裁判所の許可を得なければならない。
Article 526Remuneration of Liquidators
第五百二十六条(清算人の報酬等)
Liquidators may receive advance payment of the expense, and remuneration determined by the court.
清算人は、費用の前払及び裁判所が定める報酬を受けることができる。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to liquidators' agents.
前項の規定は、清算人代理について準用する。
Subsection 4 Supervisor
第四款 監督委員
Article 527Appointment of Supervisors
第五百二十七条(監督委員の選任等)
The court may appoint one or more supervisors and grant to relevant supervisors the authority to give consent in lieu of the permission under Article 535, paragraph (1).
裁判所は、一人又は二人以上の監督委員を選任し、当該監督委員に対し、第五百三十五条第一項の許可に代わる同意をする権限を付与することができる。
Corporations may act as supervisors.
法人は、監督委員となることができる。
Article 528Supervision over Supervisors
第五百二十八条(監督委員に対する監督等)
The court supervises supervisors.
監督委員は、裁判所が監督する。
The court may dismiss supervisors in response to the petition by interested parties or ex officio if the supervisors fail to supervise the management of the business and assets of the liquidating stock company properly or there otherwise are significant grounds to do so.
裁判所は、監督委員が清算株式会社の業務及び財産の管理の監督を適切に行っていないとき、その他重要な事由があるときは、利害関係人の申立てにより又は職権で、監督委員を解任することができる。
Article 529Performance of Duties by Two or More Supervisors
第五百二十九条(二人以上の監督委員の職務執行)
If there are two or more supervisors, they perform their duties jointly; provided, however, that they may perform their duties individually or divide their duties, with the permission of the court.
監督委員が二人以上あるときは、共同してその職務を行う。ただし、裁判所の許可を得て、それぞれ単独にその職務を行い、又は職務を分掌することができる。
Article 530Investigations by Supervisors
第五百三十条(監督委員による調査等)
Supervisors may at any time ask liquidators and company auditors of a liquidating stock company and employees, including managers, to provide a report on the business, or investigate the status of the business and property of the liquidating stock company.
監督委員は、いつでも、清算株式会社の清算人及び監査役並びに支配人その他の使用人に対し、事業の報告を求め、又は清算株式会社の業務及び財産の状況を調査することができる。
When it is necessary to perform their duties supervisors may ask subsidiary companies of a liquidating stock company to provide reports on the business, or investigate the status of the business and assets of subsidiary companies of the liquidating stock company.