The directors execute the operations of the stock company (excluding a company with board of directors; hereinafter the same applies in this Article), unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation.
取締役は、定款に別段の定めがある場合を除き、株式会社（取締役会設置会社を除く。以下この条において同じ。）の業務を執行する。
If there are two or more directors, the operations of the stock company are decided by a majority of the directors, unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation.
取締役が二人以上ある場合には、株式会社の業務は、定款に別段の定めがある場合を除き、取締役の過半数をもって決定する。
In the case provided for in the preceding paragraph, the directors may not delegate the decisions on the following matters to individual directors:
前項の場合には、取締役は、次に掲げる事項についての決定を各取締役に委任することができない。
the appointment or dismissal of managers;
支配人の選任及び解任
the establishment, relocation and abolition of branch offices;
支店の設置、移転及び廃止
the matters set forth in each item of Article 298, paragraph (1) (including the cases where those items are applied mutatis mutandis under Article 325);
第二百九十八条第一項各号（第三百二十五条において準用する場合を含む。）に掲げる事項
the development of systems necessary to ensure that the execution of the duties by the directors complies with the laws and regulations and the articles of incorporation, and other systems prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order as systems necessary to ensure the properness of operations of a stock company and operations of group of enterprises consisting of the stock company and its subsidiary companies; or
取締役の職務の執行が法令及び定款に適合することを確保するための体制その他株式会社の業務並びに当該株式会社及びその子会社から成る企業集団の業務の適正を確保するために必要なものとして法務省令で定める体制の整備
exemption from the liability under Article 423, paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of the articles of incorporation under the provisions of Article 426, paragraph (1).
第四百二十六条第一項の規定による定款の定めに基づく第四百二十三条第一項の責任の免除
At a large company, the directors must decide the matters set forth in item (iv) of the preceding paragraph.
Read this with the articles around it
subsidiary company
「子会社」
A stock company in which a company holds a majority of the votes, or any other corporation whose management a company controls, as set out by Ministry of Justice Order (法務省令).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (iii)· applies throughout the law
large company
「大会社」
A stock company whose balance sheet for its most recent business year shows stated capital of 500 million yen or more, or total liabilities of 20 billion yen or more.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (vi)· applies throughout the law
company with board of directors
「取締役会設置会社」
A stock company that has a board of directors, or that this Act requires to have one.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (vii)· applies throughout the law
articles of incorporation
定款
A company's own basic rules, written by its founders when it is formed: at least its purpose, its trade name, where its head office is, the value of the property contributed at incorporation and who the founders are (Companies Act, Article 27). A stock company's must be certified by a notary before it takes effect (Article 30, paragraph (1)), and can later be changed by a resolution of the shareholders meeting (Article 466). Many rules in the Act apply "unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise", so a company's articles decide a great deal of how the Act applies to it.
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 26, 27, 30, 466, 575 as a reference.
director
取締役
An officer of a stock company, elected by the shareholders meeting (Companies Act, Article 329, paragraph (1)). Every stock company has at least one (Article 326, paragraph (1)). Where there is no board of directors, the directors run the company's business unless the articles of incorporation say otherwise (Article 348, paragraph (1)), and each of them represents it unless the company has chosen representative directors (代表取締役) or others to do that (Article 349, paragraphs (1) and (3)). Where there is a board (取締役会, board of directors), the directors are its members, and the board decides the business and normally chooses the representative directors from among them (Article 362). The term normally runs to the annual shareholders meeting for the last business year ending within two years of election (Article 332, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 326, 329, 332, 348, 349, 362 as a reference.