Changes by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
The provisions of Part I, Chapter V, Section 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure (excluding Article 100, paragraph (2), Article 104, Subsection 3, Article 111 and Article 113) apply mutatis mutandis to the service of a written judgment under the provisions of this Section. In these cases, in the main clause of Article 112, paragraph (1) of that Code, the phrase "commenced the measures under the provisions of the preceding Article" is deemed to be replaced with "a court clerk commenced posting on the notice board of the court a notice to the effect that the court clerk keeps the written judgment to be served and will deliver it at any time to the person who is to receive service"; and in the proviso to that paragraph, the phrase "commenced the measures under the provisions of the preceding Article" is deemed to be replaced with "the relevant posting commenced".
Removed by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
Service by publication under the provisions of Article 110, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Procedure as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the preceding paragraph is effected by posting on the notice board of the court a notice to the effect that a court clerk keeps the written judgment to be served and will deliver it at any time to the person who is to receive service.
前項において準用する民事訴訟法第百十条第一項の規定による公示送達は、裁判所書記官が送達すべき裁判書を保管し、いつでも送達を受けるべき者に交付すべき旨を裁判所の掲示場に掲示してする。
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service
送達
The delivery of a document in a court proceeding, such as a lawsuit, to the person it is for, by a procedure the law lays down: unless a provision says otherwise, the court carries it out of its own motion, the court clerk handles the work (Code of Civil Procedure, Article 98), and the person who effects it reports on it to the court in writing (Article 100, paragraph (1)); the complaint must be served on the defendant (Article 138, paragraph (1)), and the judgment on the parties (Article 255, paragraph (1)). A document is served by post or by a court enforcement officer (執行官) (Article 101, paragraph (1)), as a rule by handing it to the person (Article 102-2), at their address, residence, place of business or office, or at their workplace where those are unknown or service there meets an obstacle (Article 103); each party, legal representative and litigation representative (訴訟代理人) must tell the court a place in Japan where they are to be served (Article 104, paragraph (1)), and service abroad is made at the presiding judge's request to that country's authorities or to a Japanese ambassador, minister or consul there (Article 108). If the person is not found at a place other than their workplace, the document may be handed to an employee or a person living with them who can be trusted to receive it, and if it is refused without a legitimate reason it may be left there (Article 106, paragraphs (1) and (3)); where it cannot be served in those ways, the court clerk may send it by registered mail, and it counts as served when it is sent (Article 107, paragraphs (1) and (3)). An electronic record can also be served through the courts' electronic system on a person who has registered for it, by making it available to them and sending them a notice, and that service takes effect when they view it or save it to their computer, or one week after the notice was sent, whichever comes first (Articles 109-2, paragraph (1), and 109-3, paragraph (1)); a person who must make filings online, such as a litigation representative (訴訟代理人) entrusted with the case, can be served this way even without registering, and without a notice, the week then running from when the record was made available (Articles 109-4 and 132-11, paragraph (1)). Where a party's address or other place for service is unknown, among other cases, the court clerk may serve by publication (公示送達), on petition or where the court orders it, and serves the same party by publication again of the clerk's own motion, as a rule (Article 110, paragraphs (1) to (3)): that the clerk holds the document and will hand it over at any time is made available for anyone to view, by a method the Supreme Court's rules (最高裁判所規則) set, and posted on the court's notice board or shown on a screen at the court (Article 111), and service takes effect two weeks after that begins, or six weeks for service to be made abroad, though one made again of the clerk's own motion takes effect the day after it begins (Article 112, paragraphs (1) and (2)). Some time limits run from service: an appeal to the court of second instance (控訴), for one, must be filed within two weeks of the day the judgment is served (Article 285).
Written by AI using Code of Civil Procedure, Arts. 98, 100 to 104, 106 to 112, 132-11, 138, 255, 285 as a reference.