第五章 仲裁手続の開始及び仲裁手続における審理
Chapter V Commencement of Arbitration Procedure and Proceedings in Arbitration Procedure
Article 25Equal Treatment of Parties
The parties must be treated equally in an arbitration procedure.
仲裁手続においては、当事者は、平等に取り扱われなければならない。
The parties must be given a full opportunity to explain their case in an arbitration procedure.
仲裁手続においては、当事者は、事案について説明する十分な機会が与えられなければならない。
Article 26Rules of Arbitration Procedure
The rules of an arbitration procedure which the arbitral tribunal should observe are as provided by the agreement of the parties; provided, however, that these rules must not violate the provisions concerning public order provided in this Act.
仲裁廷が従うべき仲裁手続の準則は、当事者が合意により定めるところによる。ただし、この法律の公の秩序に関する規定に反してはならない。
If an agreement referred to in the preceding paragraph has not been reached, the arbitral tribunal may carry out the arbitration procedure in the manner it finds appropriate, unless the manner violates the provisions of this Act.
If an agreement referred to in paragraph (1) has not been reached, the power conferred upon the arbitral tribunal includes the power to determine the admissibility of the evidence as evidence, necessity of its examination, and its probative value.
Article 27Waiver of Right of Objection
In an arbitration procedure, if a party that knows that any provisions of this Act or rules of an arbitration procedure which have been provided by the agreement of the parties (limited to those unrelated to public order) have not been complied with does not state their objection without delay (or if a period within which an objection should be stated is provided for, within the period), the party is deemed to have waived their right to object, unless otherwise agreed between the parties.
仲裁手続においては、当事者は、この法律の規定又は当事者間の合意により定められた仲裁手続の準則(いずれも公の秩序に関しないものに限る。)が遵守されていないことを知りながら、遅滞なく(異議を述べるべき期限についての定めがある場合にあっては、当該期限までに)異議を述べないときは、当事者間に別段の合意がない限り、異議を述べる権利を放棄したものとみなす。
Article 28Place of Arbitration
The place of arbitration is as provided by the agreement of the parties.
仲裁地は、当事者が合意により定めるところによる。
If an agreement referred to in the preceding paragraph has not been reached, the arbitral tribunal is to decide the place of arbitration by taking into consideration the circumstances of the dispute, including the convenience of the parties.
Notwithstanding the place of arbitration under the preceding two paragraphs, unless otherwise agreed by the parties, an arbitral tribunal may carry out the following procedures at any place it considers appropriate:
hearing of statements of the parties, experts, or third parties; and
当事者、鑑定人又は第三者の陳述の聴取
Article 29Commencement of Arbitration Procedure, and Postponement of Expiry of Prescription Period and Renewal of Prescription Period
Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, an arbitration procedure regarding a particular civil dispute commences on the date on which one party notifies the other party that the arbitration procedure is to be applied to the civil dispute.
仲裁手続は、当事者間に別段の合意がない限り、特定の民事上の紛争について、一方の当事者が他方の当事者に対し、これを仲裁手続に付する旨の通知をした日に開始する。
A request in an arbitration procedure has the effect of postponement of expiration of the prescription period and renewal of the prescription period; provided, however, that this does not apply to cases in which the arbitration procedure has been ended without an arbitral award.
仲裁手続における請求は、時効の完成猶予及び更新の効力を生ずる。ただし、当該仲裁手続が仲裁判断によらずに終了したときは、この限りでない。
Article 30Language
The languages to be used in an arbitration procedure and the procedures to be carried out by using those languages are as provided by the agreement of the parties.
仲裁手続において使用する言語及びその言語を使用して行うべき手続は、当事者が合意により定めるところによる。
If an agreement referred to in the preceding paragraph has not been reached, the arbitral tribunal determines the languages to be used in the arbitration procedure and the procedures to be carried out by using those languages.
If the agreement referred to in paragraph (1) or the determination referred to in the preceding paragraph does not provide for the procedures to be carried out by using the languages specified, the procedures to be carried out by using those languages are to be as follows:
までに第三十二条第三項第三号へ移動(令和五年法律第五十三号)
decision (including an arbitral award) or notice in writing by the arbitral tribunal.
An arbitral tribunal may order that any documentary evidence is to be accompanied by a translation into the languages provided by the agreement referred to in paragraph (1) or determination referred to in paragraph (2) (or if the languages to be used for a translation are provided, into the languages).
Article 31Time Limit of Statements by the Parties
An arbitration petitioner (meaning a party that carried out acts to commence the arbitration procedure; the same applies hereinafter) must state the object of a petition, the facts supporting their petition and points of the dispute within the period determined by the arbitral tribunal. In this case, the arbitration petitioner may submit all documentary evidence they consider necessary to be examined or quote documentary evidence or other evidence they plan to submit.
仲裁申立人(仲裁手続において、これを開始させるための行為をした当事者をいう。以下同じ。)は、仲裁廷が定めた期間内に、申立ての趣旨、申立ての根拠となる事実及び紛争の要点を陳述しなければならない。この場合において、仲裁申立人は、取り調べる必要があると思料するすべての証拠書類を提出し、又は提出予定の証拠書類その他の証拠を引用することができる。
An arbitration respondent (meaning the party to the arbitration procedure other than the arbitration petitioner; the same applies hereinafter) must state their allegation regarding the matters stated pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, within the period determined by the arbitral tribunal. In this case, the provisions of the second sentence of that paragraph apply mutatis mutandis.
All parties may amend or supplement their statements during the course of the arbitration procedure; provided, however, that if the amendment or supplement has been made outside the appropriate time, the arbitral tribunal may decide not to allow that amendment or supplement.
すべての当事者は、仲裁手続の進行中において、自己の陳述の変更又は追加をすることができる。ただし、当該変更又は追加が時機に後れてされたものであるときは、仲裁廷は、これを許さないことができる。
The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs do not apply in cases where otherwise agreed by the parties.
前三項の規定は、当事者間に別段の合意がある場合には、適用しない。
Article 32Proceedings
An arbitral tribunal may hold oral hearings to have the parties produce evidence or state their opinions; provided, however, that if one party makes the request referred to in Article 34, paragraph (3) or otherwise petitions to hold oral hearings, the arbitral tribunal must hold the oral hearings at an appropriate stage of the arbitration procedure.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply if otherwise agreed by the parties.
前項の規定は、当事者間に別段の合意がある場合には、適用しない。
If the arbitral tribunal holds an oral hearing to hear opinions or inspect goods or documents, it must notify the parties of the date, time and place of the oral hearing, leaving a reasonable period of time before the date of the oral hearing.
仲裁廷は、意見の聴取又は物若しくは文書の見分を行うために口頭審理を行うときは、当該口頭審理の期日までに相当な期間をおいて、当事者に対し、当該口頭審理の日時及び場所を通知しなければならない。
If a party has submitted a written allegation, documentary evidence or any other records to the arbitral tribunal, the party must take measures to enable the other party to know their contents.
An arbitral tribunal must take measures to enable all the parties to know the content of the report of the expert and other evidentiary material which should serve as the basis for the arbitral award or other decisions by the arbitral tribunal.
Article 33Treatment in Case of Default of a Party
If an arbitration petitioner violates the provisions of Article 31, paragraph (1), the arbitral tribunal must make a decision to end the arbitration procedure; provided, however, that this does not apply to cases in which there are justifiable grounds for that violation.
Even if an arbitration respondent has violated the provisions of Article 31, paragraph (2), the arbitral tribunal must continue the arbitration procedure without treating that violation as being the arbitration respondent's admission of the arbitration petitioner's allegations.
If one party fails to appear on the date of oral hearings or to produce documentary evidence, the arbitral tribunal may make an arbitral award on the evidence collected by that time; provided, however, that this does not apply to cases in which there are justifiable grounds for the party to fail to appear at the oral hearings or to produce documentary evidence.
The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs do not apply if otherwise agreed by the parties.
前三項の規定は、当事者間に別段の合意がある場合には、適用しない。
Article 34Appointment of Expert by Arbitral Tribunal
An arbitral tribunal may appoint one or more experts, and may have them conduct an expert examination concerning necessary matters and report the results in writing or orally.
仲裁廷は、一人又は二人以上の鑑定人を選任し、必要な事項について鑑定をさせ、文書又は口頭によりその結果の報告をさせることができる。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the arbitral tribunal may require the parties to carry out the following acts:
までに第三十六条第二項第一号へ移動(令和五年法律第五十三号)
to provide the experts with the information necessary for an expert examination; and
鑑定に必要な情報を鑑定人に提供すること。
までに第三十六条第二項第二号へ移動(令和五年法律第五十三号)
to submit documents and other items necessary for an expert examination to the expert, or enable the expert to inspect them.
鑑定に必要な文書その他の物を、鑑定人に提出し、又は鑑定人が見分をすることができるようにすること。
If the parties request or the arbitral tribunal finds it necessary, an expert must appear on the date of the oral hearing after delivering the report referred to in paragraph (1).
The parties may carry out the following acts on the date of the oral hearing referred to in the preceding paragraph:
当事者は、前項の口頭審理の期日において、次に掲げる行為をすることができる。
までに第三十六条第四項第二号へ移動(令和五年法律第五十三号)
to have a person who has expert knowledge and whom the party has appointed make statements concerning the matters related to the expert examination.
自己が依頼した専門的知識を有する者に当該鑑定に係る事項について陳述をさせること。
The provisions of the preceding paragraphs do not apply if otherwise agreed by the parties.
前各項の規定は、当事者間に別段の合意がある場合には、適用しない。
Article 35Examination of Evidence by the Court
An arbitral tribunal or party may petition the court to implement the commission of an investigation, examination of a witness, examination by an expert, examination of documentary evidence (excluding the examination which the parties conduct in the documents which they submit) and observation (excluding the observation in which the parties present the subject matter) provided for in the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure and found necessary by the arbitral tribunal; provided, however, that this does not apply to cases in which the parties have agreed not to petition the implementation of all or part of these procedures.
In order to file a petition referred to in the preceding paragraph, the party must obtain the consent of the arbitral tribunal.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 5, paragraphs (1) and (2), the case subject to the petition referred to in paragraph (1) is under the exclusive jurisdiction of the following courts:
までに第三十七条第三項第一号へ移動(令和五年法律第五十三号)
the courts stated in Article 5, paragraph (1), item (ii);
第五条第一項第二号に掲げる裁判所
までに改正、第三十七条第三項第二号へ(令和五年法律第五十三号)
the district court which has jurisdiction over the domicile or residence of the person to be examined or the person that possesses the document, or the location of the subject matter of the observation;
尋問を受けるべき者若しくは文書を所持する者の住所若しくは居所又は検証の目的の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所
までに第三十七条第三項第三号へ移動(令和五年法律第五十三号)
the district court which has jurisdiction over the general venue of the petitioner or respondent (limited to cases in which there is no court set forth in the preceding two items); and
申立人又は被申立人の普通裁判籍の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所(前二号に掲げる裁判所がない場合に限る。)
までに第三十七条第三項第四号へ移動(令和五年法律第五十三号)
the Tokyo District Court and the Osaka District Court.
東京地方裁判所及び大阪地方裁判所
An immediate appeal may be filed against the decision on the petition referred to in paragraph (1).
第一項の申立てについての決定に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。
If the court implements the examination of evidence upon the petition referred to in paragraph (1), an arbitrator may inspect the document, verify the subject matter of the observation, or may ask the witness or expert (meaning the expert provided for in Article 213 of the Code of Civil Procedure) questions by obtaining the permission of the presiding judge.
第一項の申立てにより裁判所が当該証拠調べを実施するに当たり、仲裁人は、文書を閲読し、検証の目的を検証し、又は裁判長の許可を得て証人若しくは鑑定人(民事訴訟法第二百十三条に規定する鑑定人をいう。)に対して質問をすることができる。
A court clerk must prepare records concerning the examination of evidence to be implemented by the court upon the petition referred to in paragraph (1).
裁判所書記官は、第一項の申立てにより裁判所が実施する証拠調べについて、調書を作成しなければならない。
略称規定第二条第一項
…既に生じた民事上の紛争又は将来において生ずる一定の法律関係(契約に基づくものであるかどうかを問わない。)に関する民事上の紛争の全部又は一部の解決を一人又は二人以上の仲裁人にゆだね、かつ、その判断(以下「仲裁判断」という。)に服する旨の合…
わかりやすく言うと
当事者から解決を任された民事上の紛争について、仲裁人が下す判断のことです。仲裁合意をした当事者は、この判断に従うことを約束しています。
定義第二条第二項・法令全体に適用
仲裁合意に基づき、その対象となる民事上の紛争について審理し、仲裁判断を行う一人の仲裁人又は二人以上の仲裁人の合議体