Members who execute the business may not carry out the following acts without the approval of all members other than relevant members; provided, however, that this does not apply if the articles of incorporation provide otherwise:
業務を執行する社員は、当該社員以外の社員の全員の承認を受けなければ、次に掲げる行為をしてはならない。ただし、定款に別段の定めがある場合は、この限りでない。
carrying out, for themselves or for a third party, any transaction which is in the line of business of the membership company; or
自己又は第三者のために持分会社の事業の部類に属する取引をすること。
becoming directors, executive officers or members who execute the business of a company the purpose of which is a business that is similar to the business of the membership company.
If members who execute the business carry out any act set forth in item (i) of the preceding paragraph in violation of the provisions of that paragraph, the amount of the profit obtained by the members who execute relevant business or any third party as a result of relevant act is presumed to be amount of the loss suffered by the membership company.
company
「会社」
Any of the four kinds of company this Act governs: a stock company (株式会社), a general partnership company (合名会社), a limited partnership company (合資会社) or a limited liability company (合同会社).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies throughout the law
membership company
「持分会社」
General partnership companies, limited partnership companies and limited liability companies taken together: the three kinds of company under this Act that are owned by members rather than by shareholders.
Short name set inArticle 575, paragraph (1)
articles of incorporation
定款
A company's own basic rules, written by its founders when it is formed: at least its purpose, its trade name, where its head office is, the value of the property contributed at incorporation and who the founders are (Companies Act, Article 27). A stock company's must be certified by a notary before it takes effect (Article 30, paragraph (1)), and can later be changed by a resolution of the shareholders meeting (Article 466). Many rules in the Act apply "unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise", so a company's articles decide a great deal of how the Act applies to it.
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 26, 27, 30, 466, 575 as a reference.
director
取締役
An officer of a stock company, elected by the shareholders meeting (Companies Act, Article 329, paragraph (1)). Every stock company has at least one (Article 326, paragraph (1)). Where there is no board of directors, the directors run the company's business unless the articles of incorporation say otherwise (Article 348, paragraph (1)), and each of them represents it unless the company has chosen representative directors (代表取締役) or others to do that (Article 349, paragraphs (1) and (3)). Where there is a board (取締役会, board of directors), the directors are its members, and the board decides the business and normally chooses the representative directors from among them (Article 362). The term normally runs to the annual shareholders meeting for the last business year ending within two years of election (Article 332, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 326, 329, 332, 348, 349, 362 as a reference.