Article 423Liability of Officers to Stock Companies for Damages
第四百二十三条（役員等の株式会社に対する損害賠償責任）
If a director, accounting advisor, company auditor, executive officer or financial auditor (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as "officers, etc.") neglects their duties, they are liable to the stock company for damages arising as a result thereof.
取締役、会計参与、監査役、執行役又は会計監査人（以下この章において「役員等」という。）は、その任務を怠ったときは、株式会社に対し、これによって生じた損害を賠償する責任を負う。
If a director or executive officer engages in a transaction set forth in Article 356, paragraph (1), item (i) in violation of the provisions of Article 356, paragraph (1) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis under Article 419, paragraph (2); hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph), the amount of the profits obtained by the director, executive officer or a third party as a result of the transaction is presumed to be the amount of the damages under the preceding paragraph.
取締役又は執行役が第三百五十六条第一項（第四百十九条第二項において準用する場合を含む。以下この項において同じ。）の規定に違反して第三百五十六条第一項第一号の取引をしたときは、当該取引によって取締役、執行役又は第三者が得た利益の額は、前項の損害の額と推定する。
If a stock company incurs damages as a result of the transaction provided for in Article 356, paragraph (1), item (ii) or item (iii) of (including cases where these provisions are applied mutatis mutandis under Article 419, paragraph (2)), the following directors or executive officers are presumed to have neglected their duties:
第三百五十六条第一項第二号又は第三号（これらの規定を第四百十九条第二項において準用する場合を含む。）の取引によって株式会社に損害が生じたときは、次に掲げる取締役又は執行役は、その任務を怠ったものと推定する。
directors and executive officers provided for in Article 356, paragraph (1) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis under Article 419, paragraph (2));
第三百五十六条第一項（第四百十九条第二項において準用する場合を含む。）の取締役又は執行役
directors and executive officers who decided that the stock company would undertake relevant transaction; or
株式会社が当該取引をすることを決定した取締役又は執行役
directors who agreed to the board of directors' resolution approving that transaction (for a company with nominating committee, etc., limited to cases where relevant transaction is a transaction between the company with nominating committee, etc. and the directors or is a transaction that gives rise to a conflict of interests between the company with nominating committee, etc. and the directors).
当該取引に関する取締役会の承認の決議に賛成した取締役（指名委員会等設置会社においては、当該取引が指名委員会等設置会社と取締役との間の取引又は指名委員会等設置会社と取締役との利益が相反する取引である場合に限る。）
In the cases set forth in Article 356, paragraph (1), item (ii) or (iii) of, the provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply when directors (excluding those who are audit and supervisory committee members) under the same paragraph receive approval of the audit and supervisory committee for the transactions.
前項の規定は、第三百五十六条第一項第二号又は第三号に掲げる場合において、同項の取締役（監査等委員であるものを除く。）が当該取引につき監査等委員会の承認を受けたときは、適用しない。
Article 424Exemption from Liability for Damages to Stock Companies
第四百二十四条（株式会社に対する損害賠償責任の免除）
An exemption from liability under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article may not be given without the consent of all shareholders.
前条第一項の責任は、総株主の同意がなければ、免除することができない。
Article 425Partial Exemption from Liability
第四百二十五条（責任の一部免除）
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the relevant officers, etc. have acted in good faith and without gross negligence in performing their duties, exemption from liability under Article 423, paragraph (1) may be given by a resolution at a shareholders meeting (if a stock company has an ultimate, wholly owning parent company, etc. (meaning an ultimate, wholly owning parent company, etc. as prescribed in Article 847-3, paragraph (1); hereinafter the same applies in this Section), and the liability is specific liability (meaning specific liabilities as prescribed in Article 847-3, paragraph (4); hereinafter the same applies in this Section), the shareholders meeting of the stock company and the ultimate, wholly owning parent company, etc.; hereinafter the same applies in this Article), to the extent of the amount obtained by subtracting the sum of the following amounts (in Article 427, paragraph (1) referred to as "minimum liability amount") from the amount for which they are liable:
前条の規定にかかわらず、第四百二十三条第一項の責任は、当該役員等が職務を行うにつき善意でかつ重大な過失がないときは、賠償の責任を負う額から次に掲げる額の合計額（第四百二十七条第一項において「最低責任限度額」という。）を控除して得た額を限度として、株主総会（株式会社に最終完全親会社等（第八百四十七条の三第一項に規定する最終完全親会社等をいう。以下この節において同じ。）がある場合において、当該責任が特定責任（第八百四十七条の三第四項に規定する特定責任をいう。以下この節において同じ。）であるときにあっては、当該株式会社及び当該最終完全親会社等の株主総会。以下この条において同じ。）の決議によって免除することができる。
the amount obtained by multiplying the amount calculated by the method prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order as the amount equivalent to the annual amount of property benefits which relevant officers, etc. have received, or are to receive, from the stock company as consideration for the execution of their duties while they are in the office by the numbers provided for in (a) through (c) for the categories of officers, etc. set forth in the (a) through (c):
当該役員等がその在職中に株式会社から職務執行の対価として受け、又は受けるべき財産上の利益の一年間当たりの額に相当する額として法務省令で定める方法により算定される額に、次のイからハまでに掲げる役員等の区分に応じ、当該イからハまでに定める数を乗じて得た額
representative directors or representative executive officers:6;
代表取締役又は代表執行役 六
directors (limited to those who are executive directors, etc.) other than representative directors or executive officers other than representative executive officers:4;
directors (excluding those set forth in (a) and (b)), accounting advisors, company auditors or financial auditors:2.
取締役（イ及びロに掲げるものを除く。）、会計参与、監査役又は会計監査人 二
if relevant officers, etc. have subscribed for share options of relevant stock company (limited to cases set forth in each item of Article 238, paragraph (3)), the amount calculated by the method prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order as the amount equivalent to the amount of the property benefits regarding the share options.
当該役員等が当該株式会社の新株予約権を引き受けた場合（第二百三十八条第三項各号に掲げる場合に限る。）における当該新株予約権に関する財産上の利益に相当する額として法務省令で定める方法により算定される額
In cases under the preceding paragraph, the directors (if a stock company has an ultimate, wholly owning parent company, etc., and the liabilities to be exempted pursuant to the provisions of the same paragraph are specific liabilities, the directors of the stock company and the ultimate, wholly owning parent company, etc.) must disclose the following matters to the shareholders meeting under that paragraph:
the facts that cause the liability and the amount of the liability for damages;
責任の原因となった事実及び賠償の責任を負う額
the maximum amount for which exemption may be given pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph and the grounds supporting the calculation; and
前項の規定により免除することができる額の限度及びその算定の根拠
the reasons for which exemption from the liability is to be given and the amount for which exemption is to be given.
責任を免除すべき理由及び免除額
At a company with company auditor, company with audit and supervisory committee, or company with nominating committee, etc. in order to submit proposals regarding the exemption from liability under Article 423, paragraph (1) (limited to the exemption from liability of directors (excluding those who are audit and supervisory committee members or audit committee members) and executive officers) to a shareholders meeting, directors (if such a company has an ultimate, wholly owning parent company, etc., and the liabilities to be exempted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) are specific liabilities, the directors of those companies and the ultimate, wholly owning parent company, etc.) must obtain the consent of the persons specified in each of those items for the stock company categories set forth in following each items:
監査役設置会社、監査等委員会設置会社又は指名委員会等設置会社においては、取締役（これらの会社に最終完全親会社等がある場合において、第一項の規定により免除しようとする責任が特定責任であるときにあっては、当該会社及び当該最終完全親会社等の取締役）は、第四百二十三条第一項の責任の免除（取締役（監査等委員又は監査委員であるものを除く。）及び執行役の責任の免除に限る。）に関する議案を株主総会に提出するには、次の各号に掲げる株式会社の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める者の同意を得なければならない。
company with company auditor:the company auditor (each company auditors if there are two or more company auditors); and
監査役設置会社 監査役（監査役が二人以上ある場合にあっては、各監査役）
company with audit and supervisory committee:each audit and supervisory committee;
If a resolution under paragraph (1) is passed, and the stock company gives any property benefits prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order including, but not limited to, retirement allowance to the officers, etc. in that paragraph after relevant resolution, the stock company must obtain the approval of a shareholders meeting. The same applies if relevant officers, etc. exercise or transfer the share options under item (ii) of the same paragraph after the resolution.
If a resolution under paragraph (1) is passed, and the officers, etc. possess share option certificates that certify the share options under the preceding paragraph, the officers, etc. must deposit relevant share option certificates with the stock company without delay. In these cases, relevant officers, etc. may not demand the return of relevant share option certificates until after the approval under that paragraph is obtained with respect to the transfer under that paragraph.