A shareholder (excluding a holder of shares less than one unit who is unable to exercise rights pursuant to the provisions of the articles of incorporation) having the shares consecutively for the preceding six months or more (or, if a shorter period is prescribed in the articles of incorporation, the period or more) may demand the stock company, in writing or by any other method prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order, to file an action to enforce the liability of an incorporator, director at incorporation, company auditor at incorporation, officers, etc. (meaning the officers, etc. prescribed in Article 423, paragraph (1)) or liquidator (hereinafter referred to as "incorporator, etc." in this Section), and an action to demand payment pursuant to the provisions of Article 102-2, paragraph (1), Article 212, paragraph (1), or Article 285, paragraph (1), an action seeking the return of the benefits referred to in Article 120, paragraph (3) or an action seeking payment or delivery under the provisions of Article 213-2, paragraph (1) or Article 286-2, paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as an "action to enforce liability" in this Section); provided, however, that this does not apply if the purpose of the action to enforce liability is to seek unlawful benefits of relevant shareholder or a third party or to inflict damages on relevant stock company.
六箇月(これを下回る期間を定款で定めた場合にあっては、その期間)前から引き続き株式を有する株主(第百八十九条第二項の定款の定めによりその権利を行使することができない単元未満株主を除く。)は、株式会社に対し、書面その他の法務省令で定める方法により、発起人、設立時取締役、設立時監査役、役員等(第四百二十三条第一項に規定する役員等をいう。)若しくは清算人(以下この節において「発起人等」という。)の責任を追及する訴え、第百二条の二第一項、第二百十二条第一項若しくは第二百八十五条第一項の規定による支払を求める訴え、第百二十条第三項の利益の返還を求める訴え又は第二百十三条の二第一項若しくは第二百八十六条の二第一項の規定による支払若しくは給付を求める訴え(以下この節において「責任追及等の訴え」という。)の提起を請求することができる。ただし、責任追及等の訴えが当該株主若しくは第三者の不正な利益を図り又は当該株式会社に損害を加えることを目的とする場合は、この限りでない。
With regard to application of the provisions of the preceding paragraph to a stock company that is not a public company, the phrase "a shareholder (excluding a holder of shares less than one unit who is unable to exercise rights pursuant to the provisions of the articles of incorporation)" in that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "a shareholder".
When the stock company does not file an action to enforce liability within sixty days from the day of the demand under the provisions of paragraph (1), the shareholder who has made relevant demand may file an action to enforce liability on behalf of the stock company.
If the stock company does not file an action to enforce liability within sixty days from the day of the demand under the provisions of paragraph (1), if there is a request by the shareholder who made relevant demand or the incorporator, etc. set forth in that paragraph, it must, without delay, notify the person who made such a request of the reason for not filing an action to enforce liability in writing or by any other method prescribed by Ministry of Justice Order.
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs (1) and (3), if the stock company is likely to suffer irreparable harm through the elapse of the period set forth in those paragraphs, the shareholder set forth in paragraph (1) may immediately file an action to enforce liability on behalf of the stock company; provided, however, that this does not apply in the cases prescribed in the proviso to that paragraph.
Read this with the articles around it
(Responsibilities of Subscribers for the Shares Solicited at Incorporation for Which Payment Is Falsified)
In the case prescribed in paragraph (3) of the preceding Article, a subscriber for the shares solicited at incorporation is liable to pay the entire amount of payment for which the payment was…
設立時募集株式の引受人は、前条第三項に規定する場合には、株式会社に対し、払込みを仮装した払込金額の全額の支払をする義務を負う。
Open this provision(Giving Benefits on Exercise of Rights of Shareholders)
If a stock company gives property benefits in violation of the provisions of paragraph (1), the recipient of relevant benefit must return the same to relevant stock company or its subsidiary company.
株式会社が第一項の規定に違反して財産上の利益の供与をしたときは、当該利益の供与を受けた者は、これを当該株式会社又はその子会社に返還しなければならない。この場合において、当該利益の供与を受けた者は、当該株式会社又はその子会社に対して当該利益と引換えに給付をしたものがあるときは、その返還を受けることができる。
Open this provision(Restriction on Rights in Relation to Shareholdings Less than One Unit)
A stock company may provide in the articles of incorporation to the effect that holders of shares less than one unit may not exercise some or all rights, other than the following rights…
株式会社は、単元未満株主が当該単元未満株式について次に掲げる権利以外の権利の全部又は一部を行使することができない旨を定款で定めることができる。
Open this provision(Liabilities of Persons Who Subscribed for Shares with Unfair Amount to Be Paid in)
In the cases set forth in the following items, subscribers for shares for subscription are liable to a stock company for payment of the amount provided for in relevant items:
募集株式の引受人は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、株式会社に対し、当該各号に定める額を支払う義務を負う。
Open this provision(Liabilities of Subscribers of Shares for Subscription for Which the Performance of Contribution Is Falsified)
In the cases set forth in the following items, subscribers for shares for subscription are liable to a stock company for performing the acts specified in those items:
募集株式の引受人は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、株式会社に対し、当該各号に定める行為をする義務を負う。
Open this provision(Liabilities of Persons Who Subscribed for Share Options with Unfair Amount to Be Paid in)
In a case as set forth in one of the following items, the share option holder exercising the share option is liable to the stock company for payment of the amount provided for in the relevant item:
新株予約権を行使した新株予約権者は、次の各号に掲げる場合には、株式会社に対し、当該各号に定める額を支払う義務を負う。
Open this provision(Liabilities of Share Option Holders That Have Falsified Payment of Share Option)
A share option holder that exercises a share option and is as set forth in the following items is liable to perform the acts specified in those items to a stock company:
新株予約権を行使した新株予約権者であって次の各号に掲げる者に該当するものは、株式会社に対し、当該各号に定める行為をする義務を負う。
Open this provision(Liability of Officers to Stock Companies for Damages)
If a director, accounting advisor, company auditor, executive officer or financial auditor (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as "officers, etc.") neglects their duties…
取締役、会計参与、監査役、執行役又は会計監査人(以下この章において「役員等」という。)は、その任務を怠ったときは、株式会社に対し、これによって生じた損害を賠償する責任を負う。
Open this provision(Action to Enforce Liability by Shareholders)
A shareholder (excluding a holder of shares less than one unit who is unable to exercise rights pursuant to the provisions of the articles of incorporation) having the shares consecutively for the…
六箇月(これを下回る期間を定款で定めた場合にあっては、その期間)前から引き続き株式を有する株主(第百八十九条第二項の定款の定めによりその権利を行使することができない単元未満株主を除く。)は、株式会社に対し、書面その他の法務省令で定める方法により、発起人、設立時取締役、設立時監査役…
Open this provision(Action to Enforce Liability by Shareholders)
When the stock company does not file an action to enforce liability within sixty days from the day of the demand under the provisions of paragraph (1)…
株式会社が第一項の規定による請求の日から六十日以内に責任追及等の訴えを提起しないときは、当該請求をした株主は、株式会社のために、責任追及等の訴えを提起することができる。
Open this provisionpublic company
「公開会社」
A stock company whose articles of incorporation do not require the company's approval for transfers of at least some of its shares; it need not be listed on a stock exchange.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (v)· applies throughout the law
director at incorporation
「設立時取締役」
A person who is to become a director when the stock company is formed.
Defined inArticle 38, paragraph (1)
company auditor at incorporationmachine translation
「設立時監査役」
A person who is to become a company auditor when the stock company is formed.
Defined inArticle 38, paragraph (3), item (ii)
holder of shares less than one unit
「単元未満株主」
A shareholder who holds shares less than one unit, which carry no vote at shareholders meetings.
Short name set inArticle 189, paragraph (1)
officers, etc.
「役員等」
The directors, accounting advisors, company auditors, executive officers and financial auditor of a stock company, who are liable to it for damages if they neglect their duties.
Short name set inArticle 423, paragraph (1)· applies only in this chapter
incorporator, etc.
「発起人等」
The incorporators, directors and company auditors at incorporation, officers, etc. and liquidators of a stock company, whose liability a shareholder may demand that the company enforce by lawsuit.
Short name set inArticle 847, paragraph (1)· applies only in this section
action to enforce liability
「責任追及等の訴え」
A lawsuit to enforce the liability of a stock company's incorporators, officers, etc. or liquidators, or to recover certain payments owed to the company, which a shareholder may demand the company bring and may bring on its behalf if it does not.
Short name set inArticle 847, paragraph (1)· applies only in this section
articles of incorporation
定款
A company's own basic rules, written by its founders when it is formed: at least its purpose, its trade name, where its head office is, the value of the property contributed at incorporation and who the founders are (Companies Act, Article 27). A stock company's must be certified by a notary before it takes effect (Article 30, paragraph (1)), and can later be changed by a resolution of the shareholders meeting (Article 466). Many rules in the Act apply "unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise", so a company's articles decide a great deal of how the Act applies to it.
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 26, 27, 30, 466, 575 as a reference.