労働契約法（ろうどうけいやくほう）

Labor Contracts Act

The rules of the individual labor contract: how it is formed and changed, and when a dismissal is void.

この法令の内容

A labor contract is formed when the worker agrees to work under the employer and the employer agrees to pay wages for that work.(第六条第一項)（根拠条文）

Where an employer has made work rules with reasonable working conditions known to workers, those rules become the terms of a contract being concluded, except for terms the parties agreed differently — and an agreed term worse than the work rules is replaced by the rules. An employer cannot worsen a worker's contract terms by changing the work rules without the worker's agreement, unless the changed rules are made known and the change is reasonable, judged by the disadvantage to workers, the need for the change, the content of the new rules and negotiations with the union; terms the parties agreed the rules could not change stay as agreed.(第七条第一項, 第九条第一項, 第十条第一項, 第十二条第一項, 第十三条第一項)（根拠条文）
A dismissal that lacks objectively reasonable grounds and is not considered appropriate in general social terms is an abuse of right and void.(第十六条第一項)（根拠条文）
A worker whose two or more fixed-term contracts with the same employer add up to more than five years can, before the current contract ends, apply for a contract without a fixed term, and the employer is deemed to accept. The new contract starts when the current one ends, on the same terms apart from the fixed period unless otherwise agreed. A gap of six months or more between contracts (less for short contracts) restarts the count.(第十八条第一項, 第十八条第二項)（根拠条文）

Forming a contractWork rulesDismissalFixed-term work

法令は、別の法令によってされます。この法令には、施行を待つ改正はありません。改正の履歴は下にあります。変更内容まで収録している改正は、改正のページに条文ごとに日本語と英語で示します。

施行済みの改正 4件

Workers — anyone who works under an employer and is paid wages — and the employers who pay them.(第二条第一項, 第二条第二項)（根拠条文）

National and local public servants.(第二十一条第一項)（根拠条文）
Labor contracts where the employer employs only relatives who live with it.(第二十一条第二項)（根拠条文）

特例と適用除外（1）

Seafarers covered by the Mariners Act: Article 12 and the chapter on fixed-term contracts do not apply to them, and several other articles apply with the Mariners Act in place of the provisions they cite.(第二十条第一項, 第二十条第二項)（根拠条文）

どのように守らせるか（1）

Its provisions state what holds between employer and worker — a dismissal is void, work rules become the terms of a contract — rather than duties backed by penalties.(第十六条第一項, 第七条第一項)（根拠条文）

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