Article 3Conclusion of Contracts
A mutual aid contract may not be concluded by anyone other than a small-scale enterprise.
A small-scale enterprise that is an individual business operator and concurrently an officer of a company, etc. may conclude a mutual aid contract only in one of the following capacities:
The capacity of an individual small-scale enterprise;
個人たる小規模企業者としての地位
The capacity of a small-scale enterprise that is an officer of a company, etc. (for a small-scale enterprise that is concurrently an officer of two or more companies, etc., the capacity of a small-scale enterprise that is an officer of any one of those companies, etc.).
A small-scale enterprise that is concurrently an officer of two or more companies, etc. (excluding a person prescribed in the preceding paragraph) may conclude a mutual aid contract only in the capacity of a small-scale enterprise that is an officer of any one of those companies, etc.
A small-scale enterprise that is currently a mutual aid policyholder may not conclude a new mutual aid contract; provided, however, that this does not apply where a cause set out in one of the items of Article 9, paragraph (1) relating to that mutual aid contract has arisen for that person.
The Organization must not refuse to conclude a mutual aid contract except in the following cases:
Where the applicant for the mutual aid contract is a person whose mutual aid contract was cancelled pursuant to Article 7, paragraph (2) and for whom one year has not elapsed from the date of the cancellation;
Where the applicant for the mutual aid contract is a person for whom one year has not elapsed from the date on which the person received, or attempted to receive, payment of a mutual aid benefit or cancellation refund (hereinafter referred to as "mutual aid benefit, etc.") by deception or other wrongful act;
共済契約の申込者が偽りその他不正の行為によつて共済金又は解約手当金(以下「共済金等」という。)の支給を受け、又は受けようとした日から一年を経過しない者であるとき。
Where, in addition to what is set out in the preceding two items, the case falls under one specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry as a case in which the conclusion of the mutual aid contract is likely to impede the proper and smooth operation of the small enterprise mutual aid business.
Article 4
A mutual aid contract is to be concluded by specifying the monthly premium.
共済契約は、掛金月額を定めて締結するものとする。
The monthly premium is to be 1,000 yen or more and an amount obtained by multiplying 500 yen by an integer, and must not exceed 70,000 yen per mutual aid policyholder.
掛金月額は、千円以上であつて五百円に整数を乗じて得た額とし、共済契約者一人につき七万円を超えてはならない。
Article 5Application for Contracts
An application for a mutual aid contract must state the monthly premium and, in the case of a mutual aid contract concluded by a mutual aid policyholder in the capacity of a small-scale enterprise that is an officer of a company, etc., the name of that company, etc.
Article 6Formation of Contract
When the Organization accepts an application for a mutual aid contract, the mutual aid contract is deemed to have been formed on the day of the application and takes effect from that day.
Article 7Cancellation of Contract
Except in the case prescribed in the following paragraph, the Organization may not cancel a mutual aid contract.
The Organization must cancel a mutual aid contract in the following cases:
where a mutual aid policyholder has failed to pay premiums for at least the number of months specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (excluding cases where there is a justifiable reason specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry);
共済契約者が経済産業省令で定める一定の月分以上について掛金の納付を怠つたとき(経済産業省令で定める正当な理由がある場合を除く。)。
where a mutual aid policyholder has received, or attempted to receive, payment of mutual aid benefits, etc. by deception or other wrongful conduct.
A mutual aid policyholder may cancel a mutual aid contract at any time.
When any of the following grounds arises with respect to a mutual aid policyholder, the mutual aid contract is deemed to have been cancelled at the time the ground arises:
where a mutual aid policyholder concerning a mutual aid contract concluded in the capacity of an individual small-scale enterprise discontinues the business in order to establish a company that carries on the same business as that business;
where a mutual aid policyholder concerning a mutual aid contract concluded in the capacity of a small-scale enterprise that is an officer of a company, etc. ceases to be an officer of that company, etc. without any ground set out in the items of Article 9, paragraph (1) having arisen.
The cancellation of a mutual aid contract takes effect only for the future.
共済契約の解除は、将来に向かつてのみその効力を生ずる。
Article 8Change of Monthly Premium
When a mutual aid policyholder applies to increase or decrease the monthly premium, the Organization must accept the application.
An application under the preceding paragraph must state the monthly premium after the increase or decrease.
前項の申込みは、増加後又は減少後の掛金月額を明らかにしてしなければならない。
Article 9Mutual Aid Benefits
Where any of the following grounds arises with respect to a mutual aid policyholder and the number of months of paid premiums of that person is six months or more, the Organization is to pay mutual aid benefits to that person (or, where the ground set out in item (i) or item (ii) is due to death, to the bereaved family of that person):
discontinuation of business (in the case of a mutual aid policyholder concerning a mutual aid contract concluded in the capacity of a small-scale enterprise that is an officer of a company, etc., dissolution of that company, etc.) (excluding the case set out in Article 7, paragraph (4), item (i));
in the case of a mutual aid policyholder concerning a mutual aid contract concluded in the capacity of a small-scale enterprise that is an officer of a company, etc., when that person ceases to be an officer of that company, etc. due to illness, injury or death, or at the age of 65 or more;
in the case of a mutual aid policyholder who is aged 65 or more and whose number of months of paid premiums is 180 months or more, when a request for payment of mutual aid benefits is made without any ground set out in the preceding two items having arisen.
The amount of mutual aid benefits to be paid by the Organization is the total amount of the premium-unit mutual aid benefit amounts corresponding to each division obtained when the premiums for each month paid by the mutual aid policyholder are successively divided into units of 500 yen (hereinafter referred to as a "premium unit").
The premium-unit mutual aid benefit amount under the preceding paragraph is, according to the number of months of paid premiums for the premium unit set out in each of the following items, the amount specified in that item:
less than 36 months: the total amount of the premiums paid for that premium unit;
三十六月未満 その掛金区分に係る納付に係る掛金の合計額
36 months or more: the total amount of the amounts specified in (a) through (c).
三十六月以上 次のイからハまでに定める金額の合計額
the amount specified by Cabinet Order according to the number of months of paid premiums for that premium unit and the grounds set out in the items of paragraph (1);
the total amount of the amounts obtained by multiplying the amount obtained where the provisions of (a) are applied on the assumption that a ground set out in the items of paragraph (1) arose in a reference month (meaning each month in which the number of months of paid premiums for that premium unit is 36 months or a number of months obtained by adding an integral multiple of 12 months to 36 months; the same applies hereinafter) (hereinafter referred to as the "hypothetical mutual aid benefit amount") by the payment rate for the fiscal year (meaning the period from April 1 to March 31 of the following year; the same applies hereinafter) to which the respective reference month belongs;
the amount obtained by multiplying the amount specified in (a) by the payment rate for the fiscal year to which the day on which a ground set out in the items of paragraph (1) arose belongs, and further multiplying the result by the rate obtained by dividing by 12 the number of months obtained by subtracting the number of months of paid premiums as of the last reference month from the number of months of paid premiums for that premium unit.
The amount specified by Cabinet Order in item (ii), (a) of the preceding paragraph is to be determined on the basis of the total amount of the premiums paid and the investment income therefrom, taking into account the assumed interest rate, the expected number of occurrences of the grounds set out in the items of paragraph (1) and the expected number of cancellations of mutual aid contracts. In this case, that amount must satisfy the following requirements.
that it exceeds the total amount of the premiums paid for that premium unit;
その掛金区分に係る納付に係る掛金の合計額を上回ること。
that the amount paid on a ground set out in paragraph (1), item (i) is equal to or more than the amount paid on a ground set out in items (ii) and (iii) of that paragraph.
The payment rate in (b) and (c) of paragraph (3), item (ii) is to be determined by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry for each fiscal year, by the end of the fiscal year preceding that fiscal year, after hearing the opinion of the Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Policy Council, on the basis of the rate obtained by dividing the amount calculated as provided by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry as the portion of the investment income up to that fiscal year that is to be applied to payment of the amount specified in paragraph (3), item (ii), (b) or Article 12, paragraph (4), item (ii), (b) in that fiscal year, by the amount calculated as provided by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry as the total amount of the hypothetical mutual aid benefit amounts or the hypothetical cancellation refund amounts (meaning the hypothetical cancellation refund amounts under (b) of that item) for the premium units that will have a reference month in that fiscal year, taking into account the expected amount of investment income from that fiscal year onward and other circumstances.
Where a Cabinet Order is enacted or amended pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3), item (ii), (a), the Cabinet Order may provide for measures necessary concerning the calculation of the amount of mutual aid benefits for mutual aid contracts that took effect before that enactment or amendment and with respect to which a ground set out in the items of paragraph (1) arises after that enactment or amendment, and for other necessary transitional measures accompanying that enactment or amendment.
定義第二条第一項・法令全体に適用
次の各号のいずれかに該当する者
わかりやすく言うと
主に工業・鉱業・運送業などを営み常時使用する従業員が二十人以下、または主に商業・サービス業を営み五人以下(政令で定める業種はその定める数以下)の個人事業者とその事業の経営に携わる個人、同じ基準の会社の役員、そして政令で定める企業組合などの中小企業団体の役員のことです。
定義第二条第二項・法令全体に適用
小規模企業者が独立行政法人中小企業基盤整備機構(以下「機構」という。)に掛金を納付することを約し、機構がその者の事業の廃止等につき、この法律の定めるところにより共済金を支給することを約する契約
略称規定第二条第二項
この法律において「共済契約」とは、小規模企業者が独立行政法人中小企業基盤整備機構(以下「機構」という。)に掛金を納付することを約し、機構がその者の事業の廃止等につき、この法律の定めるところにより共済金を支給することを約する契約をいう。
わかりやすく言うと
独立行政法人中小企業基盤整備機構のことです。小規模企業者から掛金を受け取り、事業の廃止などのときに共済金を支給する、共済契約の相手方です。
略称規定第二条第三項
この法律において「共済契約者」とは、共済契約の当事者である個人たる事業者及び会社又は中小企業団体(以下「会社等」という。)の役員をいう。
略称規定第三条第五項第二号
共済契約の申込者が偽りその他不正の行為によつて共済金又は解約手当金(以下「共済金等」という。)の支給を受け、又は受けようとした日から一年を経過しない者であるとき。
略称規定第九条第二項
機構が支給すべき共済金の額は、共済契約者の納付に係る各月分の掛金を五百円ごとに順次区分した場合における各区分(以下「掛金区分」という。)に応ずる区分共済金額の合計額とする。
略称規定第九条第三項第二号ロ
基準月(その掛金区分に係る掛金納付月数が三十六月又は三十六月に十二月の整数倍の月数を加えた月数となる各月をいう。以下同じ。)に第一項各号に掲げる事由が生じたものとみなしてイの規定を適用した場合に得られる金額(以下「仮定共済金額」という。)…
わかりやすく言うと
五百円ごとに区切った掛金の区分ごとに、掛金納付月数が三十六か月か、それに十二か月の整数倍を加えた月数になる月(基準月)に共済金の支給の事由が生じたとみなして、政令で定める金額を当てはめた場合の金額のことです。これに基準月の属する年度の支給率を掛けた額の合計が、共済金の額に加わります。
解除
契約や法律の規定により当事者の一方が解除権を持つとき、相手方に対する意思表示によって契約を終わらせることです(民法第五百四十条第一項)。民法は、相手方が債務を履行しないときの解除を定めています。相当の期間を定めて履行を催告してもその期間内に履行がないときは解除でき(残った不履行が軽微なときを除きます。同法第五百四十一条)、履行の全部が不能であるとき、相手方が履行を拒む意思をはっきり示したときなど、履行を受ける見込みがないことが明らかなときは、催告をせずにすぐ解除できます(同法第五百四十二条第一項)。解除すると、各当事者は相手方を元の状態に戻す義務を負い、損害賠償の請求もできます(同法第五百四十五条第一項・第四項)。ただし、賃貸借の解除は将来に向かってのみ効力を生じます(同法第六百二十条)。取り消された行為が初めから無効であったものとみなされる取消し(同法第百二十一条)とは異なります。
民法第121条・第540条・第541条・第542条・第545条・第620条を参考にAIが作成。