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Chapter IV Unjust Enrichment
The law as Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
A person that has benefited (in this Chapter referred to as "beneficiary" below) from the property or labor of another person without legal cause and has thereby caused a loss to another person bears the duty to return that benefit, to the extent the benefit exists.
法律上の原因なく他人の財産又は労務によって利益を受け、そのために他人に損失を及ぼした者（以下この章において「受益者」という。）は、その利益の存する限度において、これを返還する義務を負う。
A beneficiary in bad faith must return the benefit received together with interest thereon. In these cases, if any damage still remains, the beneficiary is liable to compensate for this.
悪意の受益者は、その受けた利益に利息を付して返還しなければならない。この場合において、なお損害があるときは、その賠償の責任を負う。
A person that has paid money or delivered anything as performance of an obligation may not demand the return of the money paid or thing delivered if the person knew, at the time, that the obligation did not exist.
債務の弁済として給付をした者は、その時において債務の存在しないことを知っていたときは、その給付したものの返還を請求することができない。
If an obligor has paid money or delivered anything as performance of an obligation that has not yet fallen due, the obligor may not demand the return of the money paid or thing delivered; provided, however, that if the obligor tendered anything by mistake, the obligee must return the benefit gained as a result.
債務者は、弁済期にない債務の弁済として給付をしたときは、その給付したものの返還を請求することができない。ただし、債務者が錯誤によってその給付をしたときは、債権者は、これによって得た利益を返還しなければならない。
If a person that is not an obligor has performed an obligation by mistake and the obligee, acting in good faith, has allowed the instrument to be lost, has damaged the instrument, has waived the security, or has lost the claim by prescription, the person performing the obligation may not demand the return of subject of the performance.
債務者でない者が錯誤によって債務の弁済をした場合において、債権者が善意で証書を滅失させ若しくは損傷し、担保を放棄し、又は時効によってその債権を失ったときは、その弁済をした者は、返還の請求をすることができない。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not preclude the person performing an obligation from exercising the right to reimbursement against the obligor.
前項の規定は、弁済をした者から債務者に対する求償権の行使を妨げない。
A person that has paid money or delivered a thing for an obligation for an illegal cause may not demand the return of the money paid or thing delivered; provided, however, that this does not apply if the illegal cause existed solely in relation to the beneficiary.
不法な原因のために給付をした者は、その給付したものの返還を請求することができない。ただし、不法な原因が受益者についてのみ存したときは、この限りでない。