Article 85, paragraph (1)
The term "things" as used in this Code means tangible objects.
この法律において「物」とは、有体物をいう。
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Read the text in force →Civil Code
民法
Chapter IV Things
The law as Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
Chapter IV Things第四章 物
Article 85第八十五条
Definition（定義）
Article 86第八十六条
Immovables and Movables（不動産及び動産）
Article 86, paragraph (1)
Land and any fixtures thereto are immovables.
土地及びその定着物は、不動産とする。
Article 86, paragraph (2)
Things other than immovables are movables.
不動産以外の物は、すべて動産とする。
Article 87第八十七条
Principal Things and Accessory Things（主物及び従物）
Article 87, paragraph (1)
If the owner of a thing attaches a second thing that the owner owns to the thing to serve the ordinary use of the thing, the thing that the owner attaches is an accessory thing.
物の所有者が、その物の常用に供するため、自己の所有に属する他の物をこれに附属させたときは、その附属させた物を従物とする。
Article 87, paragraph (2)
An accessory thing is disposed of together with the principal thing if the principal thing is disposed of.
従物は、主物の処分に従う。
Article 88第八十八条
Natural Fruits and Civil Fruits（天然果実及び法定果実）
Article 88, paragraph (1)
Products obtained from the intended use of a thing are its natural fruits.
物の用法に従い収取する産出物を天然果実とする。
Article 88, paragraph (2)
Money and other things that may be obtained in exchange for the use of any thing are civil fruits.
物の使用の対価として受けるべき金銭その他の物を法定果実とする。
Article 89第八十九条
Ownership of Fruits（果実の帰属）
Article 89, paragraph (1)
The ownership of natural fruits is acquired by the person entitled to obtain them when they are separated from the original thing.
天然果実は、その元物から分離する時に、これを収取する権利を有する者に帰属する。
Article 89, paragraph (2)
A person acquires civil fruits in proportion to the duration of the right to obtain them, as calculated on a prorated, daily basis.
法定果実は、これを収取する権利の存続期間に応じて、日割計算によりこれを取得する。