The following persons become liquidators of a liquidating stock company:
次に掲げる者は、清算株式会社の清算人となる。
a director (excluding cases where persons set forth in the following item or in item (iii) exist);
a person prescribed by the articles of incorporation;
定款で定める者
a person who is appointed by a resolution at a shareholders meeting.
株主総会の決議によって選任された者
In the absence of a liquidator under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the court appoints the liquidator in response to the petition by the interested parties.
前項の規定により清算人となる者がないときは、裁判所は、利害関係人の申立てにより、清算人を選任する。
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, with respect to a liquidating stock company that has dissolved on the grounds set forth in Article 471, item (vi), the court appoints the liquidator in response to a petition by the interested parties or the Minister of Justice or ex officio.
前二項の規定にかかわらず、第四百七十一条第六号に掲げる事由によって解散した清算株式会社については、裁判所は、利害関係人若しくは法務大臣の申立てにより又は職権で、清算人を選任する。
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2), with respect to a liquidating stock company that has fallen under the cases set forth in Article 475, item (ii) or item (iii), the court appoints the liquidator in response to a petition by the interested parties.
第一項及び第二項の規定にかかわらず、第四百七十五条第二号又は第三号に掲げる場合に該当することとなった清算株式会社については、裁判所は、利害関係人の申立てにより、清算人を選任する。
For the purpose of application of the provisions of paragraph (1), item (i) to a liquidating stock company that was a company with audit and supervisory committee when it fell under a case set forth in each item of Article 475, the term "director" in the same item is deemed to be replaced with "director other than a director who is an audit and supervisory committee member".
For the purpose of the application of the provisions of paragraph (1), item (i) to a liquidating stock company that was a company with nominating committee, etc. when it fell under a case set forth in each item of Article 475, the term "director" in the same item is deemed to be replaced with "director who is not an Audit committee member".
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 335, paragraph (3), at a company with board of company auditors that is a liquidating stock company, which was a company with audit and supervisory committee or a company with nominating committee, etc. when it fell under the case set forth in each item of Article 475, company auditors must be three or more and half or more of them must correspond to all of the following requirements:
第三百三十五条第三項の規定にかかわらず、第四百七十五条各号に掲げる場合に該当することとなった時において監査等委員会設置会社又は指名委員会等設置会社であった清算株式会社である監査役会設置会社においては、監査役は、三人以上で、そのうち半数以上は、次に掲げる要件のいずれにも該当するものでなければならない。
a person who has not been a director (excluding outside director), accounting advisor (if the accounting advisor is a corporation, the member who is in charge of its affairs; the same applies in the following item) or executive officer, manager, or other employee of the company with audit and supervisory committee or company with nominating committee, etc. or its subsidiary company for ten years before assuming the office;
その就任の前十年間当該監査等委員会設置会社若しくは指名委員会等設置会社又はその子会社の取締役（社外取締役を除く。）、会計参与（会計参与が法人であるときは、その職務を行うべき社員。次号において同じ。）若しくは執行役又は支配人その他の使用人であったことがないこと。
if a person who has been an outside director or company auditor of a company with audit and supervisory committee or company with nominating committee, etc. or its subsidiary company at the time within ten years before assuming the office, the person has not been a director (excluding outside director), accounting advisor or executive officer, manager, or other employee of the company with audit and supervisory committee or company with nominating committee, etc. or its subsidiary company for ten years before assuming the office of the outside director or company auditor; and
その就任の前十年内のいずれかの時において当該監査等委員会設置会社若しくは指名委員会等設置会社又はその子会社の社外取締役又は監査役であったことがある者にあっては、当該社外取締役又は監査役への就任の前十年間当該監査等委員会設置会社若しくは指名委員会等設置会社又はその子会社の取締役（社外取締役を除く。）、会計参与若しくは執行役又は支配人その他の使用人であったことがないこと。
requirements set forth in Article 2, item (xvi), (c) through (e).
第二条第十六号ハからホまでに掲げる要件
The provisions of Article 330, Article 331, paragraph (1), and Article 331-2 apply mutatis mutandis to liquidators, and the provisions of paragraph (5) of Article 331 apply mutatis mutandis to companies with board of liquidators (meaning liquidating stock companies that establish a board of liquidators or liquidating stock companies that must establish a board of liquidators under the provisions of this Act; the same applies hereinafter), respectively. In these cases, "directors" in that paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "liquidators".
第三百三十条、第三百三十一条第一項及び第三百三十一条の二の規定は清算人について、第三百三十一条第五項の規定は清算人会設置会社（清算人会を置く清算株式会社又はこの法律の規定により清算人会を置かなければならない清算株式会社をいう。以下同じ。）について、それぞれ準用する。この場合において、同項中「取締役は」とあるのは、「清算人は」と読み替えるものとする。
Read this with the articles around it
(Definitions)
"outside company auditor" means a company auditor of any stock company who satisfies all of the following requirements:
社外監査役 株式会社の監査役であって、次に掲げる要件のいずれにも該当するものをいう。
Open this provision(Relationship between Stock Company and Officers)
The relationship between a stock company and its officers or financial auditors is governed by the provisions on mandate.
株式会社と役員及び会計監査人との関係は、委任に関する規定に従う。
Open this provisionFor an adult ward to assume the role of a director, the guardian of the adult ward must obtain the consent of the adult ward…
成年被後見人が取締役に就任するには、その成年後見人が、成年被後見人の同意（後見監督人がある場合にあっては、成年被後見人及び後見監督人の同意）を得た上で、成年被後見人に代わって就任の承諾をしなければならない。
Open this provision(Qualifications of Directors)
The following persons may not act as directors:
次に掲げる者は、取締役となることができない。
Open this provision(Qualifications of Directors)
A company with board of directors must have three or more directors.
取締役会設置会社においては、取締役は、三人以上でなければならない。
Open this provision(Qualifications of Company Auditors)
A company with board of company auditors must have three or more company auditors, and the half or more of them must be outside company auditors.
監査役会設置会社においては、監査役は、三人以上で、そのうち半数以上は、社外監査役でなければならない。
Open this provision(Grounds for Dissolution)
judgment that orders the dissolution pursuant to the provisions of Article 824, paragraph (1) or Article 833, paragraph (1).
第八百二十四条第一項又は第八百三十三条第一項の規定による解散を命ずる裁判
Open this provision(Causes of Commencement of Liquidation)
A stock company must go into liquidation in the cases set forth below, subject to the provisions of this Chapter:
株式会社は、次に掲げる場合には、この章の定めるところにより、清算をしなければならない。
Open this provision(Causes of Commencement of Liquidation)
if a judgment allowing a claim seeking invalidation of the incorporation of a stock company has become final and binding; or
設立の無効の訴えに係る請求を認容する判決が確定した場合
Open this provision(Causes of Commencement of Liquidation)
if a judgment allowing a claim seeking invalidation of the share transfer has become final and binding.
株式移転の無効の訴えに係る請求を認容する判決が確定した場合
Open this provision(Assumption of Office of Liquidators)
The following persons become liquidators of a liquidating stock company:
次に掲げる者は、清算株式会社の清算人となる。
Open this provision(Assumption of Office of Liquidators)
a director (excluding cases where persons set forth in the following item or in item (iii) exist);
取締役（次号又は第三号に掲げる者がある場合を除く。）
Open this provision(Assumption of Office of Liquidators)
a person prescribed by the articles of incorporation;
定款で定める者
Open this provision(Assumption of Office of Liquidators)
a person who is appointed by a resolution at a shareholders meeting.
株主総会の決議によって選任された者
Open this provision(Assumption of Office of Liquidators)
In the absence of a liquidator under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the court appoints the liquidator in response to the petition by the interested parties.
前項の規定により清算人となる者がないときは、裁判所は、利害関係人の申立てにより、清算人を選任する。
Open this provision(Assumption of Office of Liquidators)
if a person who has been an outside director or company auditor of a company with audit and supervisory committee or company with nominating committee…
その就任の前十年内のいずれかの時において当該監査等委員会設置会社若しくは指名委員会等設置会社又はその子会社の社外取締役又は監査役であったことがある者にあっては、当該社外取締役又は監査役への就任の前十年間当該監査等委員会設置会社若しくは指名委員会等設置会社又はその子会社の取締役（社外取締役を除く。）…
Open this provisionsubsidiary company
「子会社」
A stock company in which a company holds a majority of the votes, or any other corporation whose management a company controls, as set out by Ministry of Justice Order (法務省令).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (iii)· applies throughout the law
company with board of company auditors
「監査役会設置会社」
A stock company that has a board of company auditors, or that this Act requires to have one.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies throughout the law
company with audit and supervisory committee
「監査等委員会設置会社」
A stock company that has an audit and supervisory committee, made up of directors.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (xi-2)· applies throughout the law
company with nominating committee, etc.machine translation
「指名委員会等設置会社」
A stock company with a nominating committee, an audit committee and a remuneration committee, each made up of directors.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (xii)· applies throughout the law
outside director
「社外取締役」
A director of a stock company who meets all the independence requirements in Article 2, item (xv), such as not running, and not having run in the previous ten years, the business of the company or its subsidiaries.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (xv)· applies throughout the law
audit and supervisory committee membermachine translation
「監査等委員」
A member of the audit and supervisory committee of a company with audit and supervisory committee.
Defined inArticle 38, paragraph (2)
audit committee member
「監査委員」
A member of the audit committee of a company with nominating committee, etc., who may not at the same time be an executive officer or executive director of the company or its subsidiaries.
Short name set inArticle 400, paragraph (4)
liquidating stock companies
「清算株式会社」
A stock company that is being wound up, which is treated as still existing for the purposes of the liquidation until the liquidation is completed.
Short name set inArticle 476, paragraph (1)
company with board of liquidatorsmachine translation
「清算人会設置会社」
A liquidating stock company that has a board of liquidators, or that this Act requires to have one.
Defined inArticle 478, paragraph (8)
articles of incorporation
定款
A company's own basic rules, written by its founders when it is formed: at least its purpose, its trade name, where its head office is, the value of the property contributed at incorporation and who the founders are (Companies Act, Article 27). A stock company's must be certified by a notary before it takes effect (Article 30, paragraph (1)), and can later be changed by a resolution of the shareholders meeting (Article 466). Many rules in the Act apply "unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise", so a company's articles decide a great deal of how the Act applies to it.
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 26, 27, 30, 466, 575 as a reference.
company auditor
監査役
An officer of a stock company, elected by the shareholders meeting (Companies Act, Article 329, paragraph (1)), whose job is to audit how the directors carry out their duties and to write an audit report on it (Article 381, paragraph (1)). Not an outside accountant — that is the financial auditor (会計監査人) — and not a director: a company auditor may not also be a director or employee of the company or its subsidiaries (Article 335, paragraph (2)). The term normally runs to the annual shareholders meeting for the last business year ending within four years of election (Article 336, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 329, 335, 336, 381 as a reference.
director
取締役
An officer of a stock company, elected by the shareholders meeting (Companies Act, Article 329, paragraph (1)). Every stock company has at least one (Article 326, paragraph (1)). Where there is no board of directors, the directors run the company's business unless the articles of incorporation say otherwise (Article 348, paragraph (1)), and each of them represents it unless the company has chosen representative directors (代表取締役) or others to do that (Article 349, paragraphs (1) and (3)). Where there is a board (取締役会, board of directors), the directors are its members, and the board decides the business and normally chooses the representative directors from among them (Article 362). The term normally runs to the annual shareholders meeting for the last business year ending within two years of election (Article 332, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 326, 329, 332, 348, 349, 362 as a reference.
shareholders meeting
株主総会
The meeting of a stock company's shareholders, and the body through which they decide the company's basic matters. It elects the directors and company auditors (Companies Act, Article 329, paragraph (1)) and changes the articles of incorporation (Article 466). In a company without a board of directors it may decide any matter about the company; in one with a board, only what the Act or the articles of incorporation leave to it (Article 295). An annual shareholders meeting must be called after the end of every business year, and another may be called whenever needed (Article 296). A resolution normally passes by a majority of the votes present, with holders of a majority of the votes entitled to vote attending (Article 309, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 295, 296, 309, 329, 466 as a reference.