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民事訴訟法
Amended by
Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc.
民法等の一部を改正する法律の施行に伴う関係法律の整備等に関する法律
The date on which the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026) comes into force. The exact day is not fixed yet.
The same amending law also changes
17 provisions changed · 2 provisions added · 2 provisions in the supplementary provisions
Each provision the amendment changes, before and after in one: words it removes are struck through, words it adds are highlighted. The Japanese is the law; the icon beside each English column says whose English it is.
if the judge is the guardian, guardianship supervisor, curator, curatorship of a minor, supervisor of a minor's guardian, assistant, or assistantship supervisor of a party to the case;
裁判官が当事者の未成年後見人、後見監督人、保佐人、保佐未成年後見監督人、補助人又は補助監督人であるとき。
Except as otherwise provided for in this Code, capacity as a party, the capacity to sue or be sued, and the statutory representation of a person lacking the capacity to sue or be sued are governed by the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896) and other laws and regulations. The same applies to the delegation of the powers necessary for performing procedural acts.
当事者能力、訴訟能力及び訴訟無能力能力を欠く者の法定代理は、この法律に特別の定めがある場合を除き、民法（明治二十九年法律第八十九号）その他の法令に従う。訴訟行為をするのに必要な授権についても、同様とする。
(Minors' and Adult Wards' Capacity to Sue and Be Sued) of Minors, etc.
未成年者及び成年被後見人等の訴訟能力
A minor or an adult warda person who has received a decision for a disposition appointing a specified assistant may not perform any procedural act except through a legal representative; provided, however, that this does not apply if the minor may perform juridical acts independently.
未成年者及び成年被後見人特定補助人を付する処分の審判を受けた者は、法定代理人によらなければ、訴訟行為をすることができない。ただし、未成年者が独立して法律行為をすることができる場合は、この限りでない。
(Special Provisions on Procedural Acts by Persons under Curatorship, Persons Under Assistantship, Who Have Received a Decision for Commencement of Assistance and Legal Representatives)
被保佐人、被補助人補助開始の審判を受けた者及び法定代理人の訴訟行為の特則
A person under curatorship, a person under assistantship who has received a decision for commencement of assistance (limited to a person that is required to obtain consent from the assistant to perform procedural acts; the same applies in the following paragraph and Article 40, paragraph (4)), or a guardian of a minor or other such legal representative is not required to obtain consent or a delegation of powers from the curatorassistant or curatorshipassistantship supervisor, assistant or assistantshipthe supervisor, or guardianship supervisor of a minor's guardian in order to perform a procedural act with regard to an action or appeal filed by an adverse party.
被保佐人、被補助人補助開始の審判を受けた者（訴訟行為をすることにつきその補助人の同意を得ることを要するものに限る。次項及び第四十条第四項において同じ。）又は未成年後見人その他の法定代理人が相手方の提起した訴え又は上訴について訴訟行為をするには、保佐人若しくは保佐監督人、補助人若しくは補助監督人又は未成年後見監督人の同意その他の授権を要しない。
A person under curatorship, a person under assistantshipwho has received a decision for commencement of assistance, or a guardian of a minor or other such legal representative must have a special delegation of powers in order to perform any of the following procedural acts:
被保佐人、被補助人又は補助開始の審判を受けた者又は未成年後見人その他の法定代理人が次に掲げる訴訟行為をするには、特別の授権がなければならない。
If With respect to a minor or a person who has received a decision for a disposition appointing a specified assistant, if there is no legal representative or if a legal representative is unable to exercise the authority to act as a person's legal representative, a person seeking to performand there is a procedural act against a minor or adult ward may request the presiding judge ofrisk that damage will arise from a delay in procedures relating to civil litigation, the court in charge of the case topresiding judge may appoint a special representative, by making a prima facie showing of the risk that at the person will incur damage if there is a delaypetition of an interested party.
裁判長は、未成年者又は特定補助人を付する処分の審判を受けた者について、法定代理人がない場合又は法定代理人が代理権を行うことができない場合において、未成年者又は成年被後見人に対し訴訟行為をしようとする者は、遅滞のため損害を受け民事訴訟に関する手続が遅滞することにより損害が生ずるおそれがあることを疎明して、受訴裁判所の裁判長にときは、利害関係人の申立てにより、特別代理人の選任を申し立てを選任することができる。
The court may replace A ruling on the appointment of a special representative at any timeis made on the basis of a prima facie showing.
裁判所は、いつでも特別代理人を改任することができの選任の裁判は、疎明に基づいてする。
In order to perform procedural acts,The court may replace a special representative must have the same delegation of powers as a guardianat any time.
裁判所は、いつでも特別代理人が訴訟行為をするには、後見人と同一の授権がなければならないを改任することができる。
In order to perform procedural acts, a special representative must have the same delegation of powers as a guardian of a minor or a specified assistant.
特別代理人が訴訟行為をするには、未成年後見人又は特定補助人と同一の授権がなければならない。
The provisions of Article 32, paragraph (1) apply mutatis mutandis, in the case prescribed in paragraph (1), to procedural acts that a co-litigant who is a person under curatorship or person under assistantshipwho has received a decision for commencement of assistance, or a guardian of a minor or other legal representative is required to perform in an appeal filed by one of the co-litigants.
第三十二条第一項の規定は、第一項に規定する場合において、共同訴訟人の一人が提起した上訴について他の共同訴訟人である被保佐人若しくは被補助人補助開始の審判を受けた者又は他の共同訴訟人の未成年後見人その他の法定代理人のすべき訴訟行為について準用する。
(Service of a Person WithoutLacking the Capacity to Sue or Be Sued), etc.
訴訟無能力能力を欠く者等に対する送達
Service that would otherwise be effected on a person withoutlacking the capacity to sue or be sued is effected on that person's legal representative.
訴訟無能力能力を欠く者に対する送達は、その法定代理人にする。
If the legal representative stated in paragraph (1), item (iii) is a curator or an assistant (excluding a person appointed as a specified assistant, pursuant to the provisions of Article 10, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code or determined to be a specified assistant pursuant to the provisions of Article 876-2, paragraph (5) of that Act; the same applies in item (i)), the provisions of paragraph (1), item (iii) do not apply in the following cases:
第一項第三号の法定代理人が保佐人又は補助人（民法第十条第一項の規定により特定補助人として付され、又は同法第八百七十六条の二第五項の規定により特定補助人と定められた者を除く。第一号において同じ。）である場合にあっては、同第一項第三号の規定は、次に掲げるときには、適用しない。
the person under curatorship or person under assistantship who has received a decision for commencement of assistance is not required to obtain consent of the curator or assistant for performing procedural acts;
被保佐人又は被補助人補助開始の審判を受けた者が訴訟行為をすることについて保佐人又は補助人の同意を得ることを要しないとき。
the person under curatorship or person under assistantshipwho has received a decision for commencement of assistance is required to obtain consent prescribed in the preceding item, and has obtained it.
被保佐人又は被補助人補助開始の審判を受けた者が前号に規定する同意を得ることを要する場合において、その同意を得ているとき。
the witness's guardian of a minor or a person minor ward under the guardianship of the witness.;
未成年後見人と未成年被後見人の関係にあること。
the witness's specified assistant or a person who has received a decision for a disposition appointing a specified assistant and whose specified assistant is the witness.
特定補助人と特定補助人を付する処分の審判を受けた者の関係にあること。
With respect to an adult ward, a guardian of an adult, and a supervisor of a guardian of an adult prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Civil Code, etc. Amendment Act, for whom the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to the provisions of that paragraph, and a person under curatorship, curator, and curatorship supervisor prescribed in Article 3, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Civil Code, etc. Amendment Act, for whom the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to the provisions of that paragraph, the provisions then in force continue to govern, notwithstanding the provisions of the respective Acts as amended by this Act (including cases where those provisions apply mutatis mutandis under other Acts).
民法等改正法附則第二条第一項の規定によりなお従前の例によることとされる同項に規定する成年被後見人、成年後見人及び成年後見監督人並びに民法等改正法附則第三条第一項の規定によりなお従前の例によることとされる同項に規定する被保佐人、保佐人及び保佐監督人については、この法律による改正後のそれぞれの法律の規定（これらの規定を他の法律において準用する場合を含む。）にかかわらず、なお従前の例による。
With regard to the application of penal provisions to acts committed before this Act comes into effect and acts committed after this Act comes into effect in cases where the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to the provisions of Article 2, paragraph (1) or Article 3, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Civil Code, etc. Amendment Act, the provisions then in force continue to govern.
この法律の施行前にした行為及び民法等改正法附則第二条第一項又は第三条第一項の規定によりなお従前の例によることとされる場合におけるこの法律の施行後にした行為に対する罰則の適用については、なお従前の例による。