第百十七条（管轄）
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
An adjudication case for the commencement of guardianship (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (1); the same applies in the following paragraph and item (i) of the following Article) is subject to the jurisdiction of the family court which has jurisdiction over the place of domicile of a person who is to be an adult under guardianship.
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
Adjudication cases regarding the guardianship of an adult (meaning the adjudication cases regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, rows (1) through (16)-2), except for an adjudication case for the commencement of guardianship, are subject to the jurisdiction of a family court that has made a ruling of the commencement of guardianship (if the court in charge of an appeal has made a judicial decision of the commencement of guardianship, the family court that is the court of first instance); provided, however, that if an adjudication case for the commencement of guardianship is pending before a family court, these cases are subject to the jurisdiction of that family court.
成年後見に関する審判事件（別表第一の一の項から十六の二の項までの事項についての審判事件をいう。）は、後見開始の審判事件を除き、後見開始の審判をした家庭裁判所（抗告裁判所が後見開始の裁判をした場合にあっては、その第一審裁判所である家庭裁判所）の管轄に属する。ただし、後見開始の審判事件が家庭裁判所に係属しているときは、その家庭裁判所の管轄に属する。
Article 118Capacity to Participate in Proceedings
第百十八条（手続行為能力）
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
In the following adjudication cases (including adjudication cases for a provisional order sought by designating the adjudication cases set forth in items (i), (iv), and (vi) as cases on the merits), a person who is or is to be an adult under guardianship may participate in proceedings themselves, not through their legal representative, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 31 of the Code of Civil Procedure as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 17, paragraph (1). The same applies when the person is a person under curatorship or a person under assistance (limited to a person under assistance who is required to obtain consent from the assistant for performing procedural acts) and the person has not obtained consent from the curator or supervisor of the curator or the assistant or supervisor of the assistant:
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the revocation of a ruling of the commencement of guardianship (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (2));
後見開始の審判の取消しの審判事件（別表第一の二の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the appointment of a guardian of an adult (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (3));
成年後見人の選任の審判事件（別表第一の三の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
Changes and moves to item (v) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the dismissal of a guardian of an adult (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (5); the same applies in Article 127, paragraph (1));
成年後見人の解任の審判事件（別表第一の五の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。第百二十七条第一項において同じ。）
Changes and moves to item (xii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the appointment of a supervisor of a guardian of an adult (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (6));
成年後見監督人の選任の審判事件（別表第一の六の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
Changes and moves to item (xiii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the dismissal of a supervisor of a guardian of an adult (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (8); the same applies in Article 127, paragraph (5));
成年後見監督人の解任の審判事件（別表第一の八の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。第百二十七条第五項において同じ。）
Changes and moves to item (xiv) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the appointment of a special representative for an adult under guardianship (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (12));
成年被後見人に関する特別代理人の選任の審判事件（別表第一の十二の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
Changes and moves to item (xvi) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the commission of delivery of a postal item or a letter item prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Act on Correspondence Delivery by Private Business Operators (Act No. 99 of 2002) (hereinafter referred to as a "postal item, etc.") that is addressed to an adult under guardianship, and for the rescission or change of that commission (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (12)-2; referred to as an "adjudication case for the commission of, or the rescission or change of the commission of, delivery of a postal item, etc. addressed to an adult under guardianship" in Article 123-2);
成年被後見人に宛てた郵便物又は民間事業者による信書の送達に関する法律（平成十四年法律第九十九号）第二条第三項に規定する信書便物（以下「郵便物等」という。）の配達の嘱託及びその嘱託の取消し又は変更の審判事件（別表第一の十二の二の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。第百二十三条の二において「成年被後見人に宛てた郵便物等の配達の嘱託等の審判事件」という。）
Changes and moves to item (xvii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for the supervision of the affairs of the guardianship of an adult (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (14)); and
成年後見の事務の監督の審判事件（別表第一の十四の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。）
Removed by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case of a disposition regarding the administration of property offered to an adult under guardianship by a third party (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (15); the same applies in Article 125, paragraphs (1) and (2)).
Article 119Expert Examinations and Hearing of Opinions Concerning Mental State
第百十九条（精神の状況に関する鑑定及び意見の聴取）
Changes and moves to paragraph (2) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
A family court may not make a ruling of the commencement of guardianship unless it conducts an expert examination concerning the mental state of a person who is to be an adult under guardianship; provided, however, that this does not apply if it finds such examination to be obviously unnecessary.
家庭裁判所は、成年被後見人となるべき者の精神の状況につき鑑定をしなければ、後見開始の審判をすることができない。ただし、明らかにその必要がないと認めるときは、この限りでない。
Changes and moves to paragraph (3) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
A family court may not make a ruling to revoke a ruling of the commencement of guardianship under the provisions of Article 10 of the Civil Code unless it hears the opinion of a physician concerning the mental state of an adult under guardianship; provided, however, that this does not apply if it finds the hearing of opinions to be obviously unnecessary.
家庭裁判所は、成年被後見人の精神の状況につき医師の意見を聴かなければ、民法第十条の規定による後見開始の審判の取消しの審判をすることができない。ただし、明らかにその必要がないと認めるときは、この限りでない。
Article 120Hearing Statements and Opinions
第百二十条（陳述及び意見の聴取）
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
When making the rulings set forth in the following items, the family court must hear statements from the persons specified respectively in these items (in items (i) through (iii), excluding the petitioner); provided, however, that this does not apply to a person who is or is to be an adult under guardianship if it is impossible to hear their statements due to the mental or physical disability of the adult under guardianship:
家庭裁判所は、次の各号に掲げる審判をする場合には、当該各号に定める者（第一号から第三号までにあっては、申立人を除く。）の陳述を聴かなければならない。ただし、成年被後見人となるべき者及び成年被後見人については、その者の心身の障害によりその者の陳述を聴くことができないときは、この限りでない。
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the commencement of guardianship:the person who is to be an adult under guardianship;
後見開始の審判 成年被後見人となるべき者
Changes and moves to item (vii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling to revoke a ruling of the commencement of guardianship (limited to the case under the provisions of Article 10 of the Civil Code):the adult under guardianship and a guardian of that adult;
後見開始の審判の取消しの審判（民法第十条の規定による場合に限る。） 成年被後見人及び成年後見人
Changes and moves to item (xii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the appointment of a guardian of an adult or supervisor of a guardian of an adult:the person who is or is to be an adult under guardianship;
成年後見人又は成年後見監督人の選任の審判 成年被後見人となるべき者又は成年被後見人
Changes and moves to item (xiii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the dismissal of a guardian of an adult:the guardian of an adult;
成年後見人の解任の審判 成年後見人
Changes and moves to item (xiv) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the dismissal of a supervisor of a guardian of an adult:the supervisor of a guardian of an adult; and
成年後見監督人の解任の審判 成年後見監督人
Changes and moves to item (xv) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the commission of delivery of a postal item, etc. addressed to an adult under guardianship:the adult under guardianship.
成年被後見人に宛てた郵便物等の配達の嘱託の審判 成年被後見人
When making the rulings set forth in the following items, the family court must hear the opinions of the persons specified respectively in these items:
家庭裁判所は、次の各号に掲げる審判をする場合には、当該各号に定める者の意見を聴かなければならない。
Changes and moves to item (ii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the appointment of a guardian of an adult:the person who is to be a guardian of an adult; and
成年後見人の選任の審判 成年後見人となるべき者
Changes and moves to item (iii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the appointment of a supervisor of a guardian of an adult:the person who is to be a supervisor of a guardian of an adult.
成年後見監督人の選任の審判 成年後見監督人となるべき者
Article 121Restrictions on the Withdrawal of Petitions
第百二十一条（申立ての取下げの制限）
The following petitions may not be withdrawn without permission from the family court, even before a ruling is made:
次に掲げる申立ては、審判がされる前であっても、家庭裁判所の許可を得なければ、取り下げることができない。
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a petition for the appointment of a guardian of an adult under the provisions of Article 843, paragraph (2) of the Civil Code; and
民法第八百四十三条第二項の規定による成年後見人の選任の申立て
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a petition for the appointment of a guardian of an adult under the provisions of Article 843, paragraph (3) of the Civil Code filed by a person who must request the appointment pursuant to the provisions of Article 845 of the Code.
民法第八百四十五条の規定により選任の請求をしなければならない者による同法第八百四十三条第三項の規定による成年後見人の選任の申立て
第百二十二条（審判の告知等）
Removed by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
Notice of the rulings set forth in the following items must be given to the person specified in the respective items. In this case, the provisions of Article 74, paragraph (1) do not apply to the person who is or is to be an adult under guardianship:
次の各号に掲げる審判は、当該各号に定める者に通知しなければならない。この場合においては、成年被後見人となるべき者及び成年被後見人については、第七十四条第一項の規定は、適用しない。
Removed by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of commencement of guardianship:the person who is to be an adult under guardianship; and
後見開始の審判 成年被後見人となるべき者
Removed by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the commission of delivery of a postal item, etc. addressed to an adult under guardianship:the adult under guardianship.
成年被後見人に宛てた郵便物等の配達の嘱託の審判 成年被後見人
Removed by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
Notice of a ruling of the commission of delivery of a postal item, etc. addressed to an adult under guardianship and a ruling of the rescission or change of that commission is not required to be given to the person engaged in the correspondence delivery service. In this case, notice of these rulings must be given to the person engaged in the correspondence delivery service when the relevant ruling becomes effective.
成年被後見人に宛てた郵便物等の配達の嘱託及びその嘱託の取消し又は変更の審判は、信書の送達の事業を行う者に告知することを要しない。この場合においては、その審判が効力を生じた時に、信書の送達の事業を行う者に通知しなければならない。
Moves to paragraph (1) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
Notice of the rulings set forth in the following items must be given to the persons specified respectively in these items, beyond the persons prescribed in Article 74, paragraph (1):
次の各号に掲げる審判は、第七十四条第一項に規定する者のほか、当該各号に定める者に告知しなければならない。
Changes and moves to paragraph (1), item (i) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the commencement of guardianship:the person who is appointed as a guardian of an adult pursuant to the provisions of Article 843, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code, and the voluntarily appointed guardian and the supervisor of the voluntarily appointed guardian under a voluntary guardianship contract that is to terminate pursuant to the provisions of Article 10, paragraph (3) of the Act on the Voluntary Guardianship Contract (Act No. 150 of 1999; hereinafter referred to as the "Voluntary Guardianship Contract Act");
後見開始の審判 民法第八百四十三条第一項の規定により成年後見人に選任される者並びに任意後見契約に関する法律（平成十一年法律第百五十号。以下「任意後見契約法」という。）第十条第三項の規定により終了する任意後見契約に係る任意後見人及び任意後見監督人
Changes and moves to paragraph (1), item (ix) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling to revoke a ruling of the commencement of guardianship:a guardian of an adult and a supervisor of a guardian of an adult; and
後見開始の審判の取消しの審判 成年後見人及び成年後見監督人
Changes and moves to paragraph (1), item (xii) by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
a ruling of the rescission or change of the commission of delivery of a postal item, etc. addressed to an adult under guardianship:a guardian of an adult.
成年被後見人に宛てた郵便物等の配達の嘱託の取消し又は変更の審判 成年後見人
procedural actmachine translation
「手続行為」
An act a person performs in the proceedings of a domestic relations case (家事事件).
Short name set inArticle 17, paragraph (1)
provisional ordermachine translation
「保全処分」
A provisional order the family court hearing a domestic relations case makes by ruling (審判) before it decides the case — a provisional seizure (仮差押え), a provisional disposition (仮処分), the appointment of an administrator of property or another necessary measure under Article 105, paragraph (1) — or the judicial decision a high court makes in its place when the case is before that court.
Defined inArticle 106, paragraph (1)
adjudication case for the commencement of guardianshipmachine translation
「後見開始の審判事件」
A case in which the family court decides whether to commence guardianship (後見開始) for an adult, the matter in row 1 of Appended Table 1 (別表第一); it belongs to the family court for the domicile of the person who would become an adult ward (成年被後見人).
Defined inArticle 117, paragraph (1)· applies only in this provision and in Article 117, paragraph (2); and Article 118, paragraph (1), item (i)
adjudication case for the dismissal of a guardian of an adultmachine translation
「成年後見人の解任の審判事件」
A case in which the family court decides whether to dismiss a guardian of an adult (成年後見人), the matter in row 5 of Appended Table 1 (別表第一).
Defined inArticle 118, paragraph (1), item (iv)· applies only in this provision and in Article 127, paragraph (1)
adjudication case for the dismissal of a supervisor of a guardian of an adultmachine translation
「成年後見監督人の解任の審判事件」
A case in which the family court decides whether to dismiss a supervisor of a guardian of an adult (成年後見監督人), the matter in row 8 of Appended Table 1 (別表第一).
Defined inArticle 118, paragraph (1), item (vi)· applies only in this provision and in Article 127, paragraph (5)
adjudication case for the commission of, or the rescission or change of the commission of, delivery of a postal item, etc. addressed to an adult under guardianshipmachine translation
「成年被後見人に宛てた郵便物等の配達の嘱託等の審判事件」
A case in which the family court decides whether to ask a correspondence delivery business to deliver mail or correspondence items (郵便物等) addressed to an adult ward (成年被後見人) to the guardian of an adult (成年後見人) instead, or to revoke or change that request — the matter in row 12-2 of Appended Table 1 (別表第一).
Short name set inArticle 118, paragraph (1), item (viii)· applies only in this provision and in Article 123-2
postal item, etc.machine translation
「郵便物等」
Mail (郵便物), or a correspondence item (信書便物) as Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Act on Correspondence Delivery by Private Business Operators defines it, addressed to an adult ward (成年被後見人).
Short name set inArticle 118, paragraph (1), item (viii)
Voluntary Guardianship Contract Act
「任意後見契約法」
Short name for the Act on the Voluntary Guardianship Contract (Act No. 150 of 1999).
Short name set inArticle 122, paragraph (3), item (i)