Section 8 Adjudication Cases Regarding Parental Authority
第八節 親権に関する審判事件
第百六十七条（管轄）
Adjudication cases regarding parental authority are subject to the jurisdiction of the family court which has jurisdiction over the place of domicile of the child (in the case of a petition for the designation or change of a person who has parental authority, for the designation of a person exercising parental authority alone, or for a disposition regarding the administration of property offered to a child by a third party with respect to two or more children who have the same father or mother, one of the children).
親権に関する審判事件は、子（父又は母を同じくする数人の子についての親権者の指定若しくは変更、親権行使者の指定又は第三者が子に与えた財産の管理に関する処分の申立てに係るものにあっては、そのうちの一人）の住所地を管轄する家庭裁判所の管轄に属する。
Article 168Capacity to Participate in Proceedings
第百六十八条（手続行為能力）
The provisions of Article 118 apply mutatis mutandis to the persons specified in the following items in the adjudication cases set forth respectively in these items (including adjudication cases for a provisional order sought by designating the adjudication cases set forth in items (iii), (vii) and (viii) as cases on the merits):
an adjudication case for the appointment of a special representative for a child (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (65)):the child;
子に関する特別代理人の選任の審判事件（別表第一の六十五の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。） 子
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
an adjudication case for a disposition regarding the administration of property offered to a child by a third party (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (66); the same applies in Article 173):the child;
第三者が子に与えた財産の管理に関する処分の審判事件（別表第一の六十六の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。第百七十三条において同じ。） 子
an adjudication case for the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters as set forth in Appended Table 1, row (67)):the child and the child's parents;
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判事件（別表第一の六十七の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。） 子及びその父母
an adjudication case for the revocation of a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (68)):the child and the child's parents;
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判の取消しの審判事件（別表第一の六十八の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。） 子及びその父母
an adjudication case for permission for the surrender or resumption of parental authority or right to manage assets (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 1, row (69)):the child and the child's parents;
親権又は管理権を辞し、又は回復するについての許可の審判事件（別表第一の六十九の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。） 子及びその父母
an adjudication case for the designation of a person who is to have parental authority over an adopted child after the dissolution of an adoptive relationship (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 2, row (7)):the adopted child and the adopted child's parents and adoptive parents; and
養子の離縁後に親権者となるべき者の指定の審判事件（別表第二の七の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。） 養子、その父母及び養親
an adjudication case for the designation or change of a person who has parental authority (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 2, row (8)):the child and the child's parents.
親権者の指定又は変更の審判事件（別表第二の八の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。） 子及びその父母
an adjudication case for the designation of a person exercising parental authority alone (meaning an adjudication case regarding the matters set forth in Appended Table 2, row (8-2)):the child and the child's parents.
親権行使者の指定の審判事件（別表第二の八の二の項の事項についての審判事件をいう。） 子及びその父母
第百六十九条（陳述の聴取）
When making the rulings set forth in the following items, the family court must hear statements from the persons specified respectively in these items (in items (i), (ii), and (iv), excluding the petitioner). In this case, it must hear statements from the person who has parental authority over the child set forth in item (i) on a hearing date:
a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets:the child (limited to a child of 15 years of age or older), and the person who has parental authority over the child;
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判 子（十五歳以上のものに限る。）及び子の親権者
a ruling to revoke a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets:the child (limited to a child of 15 years of age or older), the person who exercises parental authority over the child, a guardian of the minor of the child, and a person who has lost parental authority, is subject to the suspension of parental authority, or has lost the right to manage assets;
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判の取消しの審判 子（十五歳以上のものに限る。）、子に対し親権を行う者、子の未成年後見人及び親権を喪失し、若しくは停止され、又は管理権を喪失した者
a ruling of permission for the surrender of parental authority or right to manage assets:the child (limited to a child of 15 years of age or older); and
親権又は管理権を辞するについての許可の審判 子（十五歳以上のものに限る。）
a ruling of permission for the resumption of parental authority or right to manage assets:the child (limited to a child of 15 years of age or older), the person who exercises parental authority over the child, and a guardian of a minor.
親権又は管理権を回復するについての許可の審判 子（十五歳以上のものに限る。）、子に対し親権を行う者及び子の未成年後見人
When making a ruling of the designation or change of a person who has parental authority or the designation of a person exercising parental authority alone, the family court must hear statements from the child (limited to a child of 15 years of age or older), in addition to hearing statements from a party pursuant to the provisions of Article 68.
家庭裁判所は、親権者の指定若しくは変更又は親権行使者の指定の審判をする場合には、第六十八条の規定により当事者の陳述を聴くほか、子（十五歳以上のものに限る。）の陳述を聴かなければならない。
Article 169-2Restrictions on the Withdrawal of Petitions
第百六十九条の二（申立ての取下げの制限）
A petition for the designation of a person who has parental authority may not be withdrawn without permission from the family court, even before a ruling is made.
親権者の指定の申立ては、審判がされる前であっても、家庭裁判所の許可を得なければ、取り下げることができない。
Article 169-3Dismissal of Petitions if Divorce Is Not Established
第百六十九条の三（離婚が成立しない場合の申立ての却下）
Changes by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
In proceedings for a ruling of the designation of a person who has parental authority, the family court may specify a reasonable period and order the petitioner to submit, within that period, a document certifying that the parents have divorced.
家庭裁判所は、親権者の指定の審判の手続において、申立人に対し、相当の期間を定め、父母が離婚したことを証する文書をその期間内に提出すべきことを命ずることができる。
Changes by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the petitioner does not submit the document prescribed in that paragraph within that period, the family court may dismiss the petition for a ruling of the designation of a person who has parental authority.
第百七十条（審判の告知）
Notice of the rulings set forth in the following items must be given to the persons specified respectively in these items, beyond the persons prescribed in Article 74, paragraph (1); provided, however, that this does not apply when the family court finds that the notice would harm the interest of a child in consideration of the child's age, degree of development, and all other circumstances:
次の各号に掲げる審判は、第七十四条第一項に規定する者のほか、当該各号に定める者に告知しなければならない。ただし、子にあっては、子の年齢及び発達の程度その他一切の事情を考慮して子の利益を害すると認める場合は、この限りでない。
a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority or loss of right to manage assets:the child; and
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判 子
a ruling to revoke a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority or loss of right to manage assets:the child, the person who exercises parental authority over the child, and a guardian of a minor.
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判の取消しの審判 子、子に対し親権を行う者及び子の未成年後見人
第百七十一条（引渡命令等）
In a ruling of the designation or change of a person who has parental authority or the designation of a person exercising parental authority alone, the family court may order a party to surrender custody of the child or provide property benefit or perform any other act.
家庭裁判所は、親権者の指定若しくは変更又は親権行使者の指定の審判において、当事者に対し、子の引渡し又は財産上の給付その他の給付を命ずることができる。
第百七十二条（即時抗告）
An immediate appeal may be filed against the rulings set forth in the following items by the persons specified respectively in these items (in items (i) through (iii) and (v), excluding the petitioner):
次の各号に掲げる審判に対しては、当該各号に定める者（第一号から第三号まで及び第五号にあっては、申立人を除く。）は、即時抗告をすることができる。
a ruling of the loss of parental authority:the person who loses parental authority and said person's relative;
親権喪失の審判 親権を喪失する者及びその親族
a ruling of the suspension of parental authority:the person who is subject to the suspension of parental authority and the person's relative;
親権停止の審判 親権を停止される者及びその親族
a ruling of the loss of right to manage assets:the person who loses the right to manage assets and the person's relative;
管理権喪失の審判 管理権を喪失する者及びその親族
a ruling to dismiss a petition for the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets:the petitioner, the child and the child's relative, a guardian of the minor, and a supervisor of a guardian of the minor;
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の申立てを却下する審判 申立人、子及びその親族、未成年後見人並びに未成年後見監督人
a ruling to revoke a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets:the child and the child's relative, the person who exercises parental authority over the child, a guardian of the minor, and a supervisor of a guardian of the minor;
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判の取消しの審判 子及びその親族、子に対し親権を行う者、未成年後見人並びに未成年後見監督人
a ruling to dismiss a petition for the revocation of a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets:the petitioner, as well as the person who has lost parental authority, is subject to the suspension of parental authority, or has lost the right to manage assets and the person's relative;
親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判の取消しの申立てを却下する審判 申立人並びに親権を喪失し、若しくは停止され、又は管理権を喪失した者及びその親族
a ruling to dismiss a petition for permission for the resumption of parental authority or right to manage assets:the petitioner;
親権又は管理権を回復するについての許可の申立てを却下する審判 申立人
a ruling of the designation of a person who is to have parental authority over an adopted child after the dissolution of an adoptive relationship:the parents of the adopted child and the person who has custody of the adopted child;
養子の離縁後に親権者となるべき者の指定の審判 養子の父母及び養子の監護者
a ruling to dismiss a petition for the designation of a person who is to have parental authority over an adopted child after the dissolution of an adoptive relationship:the petitioner, the parents of the adopted child, and the person who has custody of the adopted child; and
養子の離縁後に親権者となるべき者の指定の申立てを却下する審判 申立人、養子の父母及び養子の監護者
a ruling of the designation or change of a person who has parental authority, and a ruling to dismiss the petition for the ruling:the parents of the child and the person who has custody of the child.
親権者の指定又は変更の審判及びその申立てを却下する審判 子の父母及び子の監護者
a ruling of the designation of a person exercising parental authority alone and a ruling to dismiss the petition for the ruling:the parents of the child.
親権行使者の指定の審判及びその申立てを却下する審判 子の父母
The period for filing the immediate appeals set forth in the following items runs from the dates specified respectively in these items:
次の各号に掲げる即時抗告の期間は、当該各号に定める日から進行する。
an immediate appeal filed against a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of right to manage assets, filed by a person other than a person who receives notice of a ruling and by a child: the day on which the person who loses parental authority, is subject to the suspension of parental authority, or loses the right to manage assets has received notice of a ruling; or
審判の告知を受ける者でない者及び子による親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判に対する即時抗告 親権を喪失し、若しくは停止され、又は管理権を喪失する者が審判の告知を受けた日
an immediate appeal against a ruling to revoke a ruling of the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority or loss of the right to manage assets, filed by a person other than a person who receives notice of a ruling and by a child:the day on which the person who has lost parental authority, is subject to the suspension of parental authority, or has lost the right to manage assets has received notice of a ruling.
審判の告知を受ける者でない者及び子による親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判の取消しの審判に対する即時抗告 親権を喪失し、若しくは停止され、又は管理権を喪失した者が審判の告知を受けた日
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
The provisions of Article 125 apply mutatis mutandis to an adjudication case for a disposition regarding the administration of property offered to a child by a third party.
第百二十五条の規定は、第三者が子に与えた財産の管理に関する処分の審判事件について準用する。
第百七十四条（親権喪失、親権停止又は管理権喪失の審判事件を本案とする保全処分）
When a petition for the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority, or loss of the right to manage assets is filed, and when the family court (or a high court in the case set forth in Article 105, paragraph (2); the same applies in this Article and the following Article) finds it to be necessary in the interests of a child, the family court may, upon the petition of the person who has filed the petition, suspend the performance of duties by the person who has parental authority over the child or appoint a person acting as the representative thereof, until a ruling on the petition for the loss of parental authority, suspension of parental authority or loss of right to manage assets becomes effective.
A ruling to suspend the performance of duties by a person who has parental authority under the provisions of the preceding paragraph becomes effective when notice thereof is given to the person who has parental authority who is to be suspended from performing duties, the person who exercises parental authority over the child, or a person acting as a representative appointed pursuant to the provisions of the paragraph.
A family court may, at any time, replace a person acting as a representative appointed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), with another.
家庭裁判所は、いつでも、第一項の規定により選任した職務代行者を改任することができる。
A family court may grant reasonable remuneration to a person acting as a representative appointed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or a person acting as a representative appointed as a replacement pursuant to the preceding paragraph, out of the property of the child.
第百七十五条（親権者の指定又は変更の審判事件等を本案とする保全処分）
When a petition for adjudication or mediation regarding the designation or change of a person who has parental authority or the designation of a person exercising parental authority alone is filed, and when it is necessary for the preservation of a compulsory execution or the prevention of an imminent danger to a child or any other interested party, the family court may, upon the petition of the person who has filed the petition, issue an order for a provisional disposition or any other necessary provisional order by designating the adjudication case for the designation or change of a person who has parental authority or the designation of a person exercising parental authority alone as a case on the merits.
家庭裁判所は、親権者の指定若しくは変更又は親権行使者の指定の審判又は調停の申立てがあった場合において、強制執行を保全し、又は子その他の利害関係人の急迫の危険を防止するため必要があるときは、当該申立てをした者の申立てにより、親権者の指定若しくは変更又は親権行使者の指定の審判を本案とする仮処分その他の必要な保全処分を命ずることができる。
When issuing an order for a provisional disposition to determine a provisional status pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the family court must hear statements from the child (limited to a child of 15 years of age or older), in addition to hearing statements from a person who is to be subject to adjudication pursuant to the provisions of Article 107; provided, however, that this does not apply when there are circumstances where taking the step of hearing the child's statements makes it impossible to achieve the purpose of the petition for a provisional order.
When a petition for adjudication or mediation regarding the designation or change of a person who has parental authority is filed, and when it is necessary in the interests of a child, the family court may, upon the petition of the person who has filed the petition, suspend the performance of duties by the person who has parental authority or appoint a person acting as the representative thereof, until a ruling on the petition for the designation or change of a person who has parental authority becomes effective.
家庭裁判所は、親権者の指定又は変更の審判又は調停の申立てがあった場合において、子の利益のため必要があるときは、当該申立てをした者の申立てにより、親権者の指定又は変更の申立てについての審判が効力を生ずるまでの間、親権者の職務の執行を停止し、又はその職務代行者を選任することができる。
A ruling to suspend the performance of duties by a person who has parental authority under the provisions of the preceding paragraph becomes effective when notice thereof is given to the person who has parental authority who is to be suspended from performing duties, the person who exercises parental authority over the child, or a person acting as a representative appointed pursuant to the provisions of the paragraph.
A family court may, at any time, replace a person acting as a representative appointed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3), with another.
家庭裁判所は、いつでも、第三項の規定により選任した職務代行者を改任することができる。
A family court may grant reasonable remuneration to a person acting as a representative appointed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3) or a person acting as a representative appointed as a replacement pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, out of the property of the child.
provisional ordermachine translation
「保全処分」
A provisional order the family court hearing a domestic relations case makes by ruling (審判) before it decides the case — a provisional seizure (仮差押え), a provisional disposition (仮処分), the appointment of an administrator of property or another necessary measure under Article 105, paragraph (1) — or the judicial decision a high court makes in its place when the case is before that court.
Defined inArticle 106, paragraph (1)