Changes by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
With regard to a petition or other statement in the proceedings of a domestic relations case (hereinafter in this Article and the following Article referred to as "petition, etc.") that is provided to be made by means of a paper document, etc. (meaning a written document, document, writing, transcript, extract, authenticated copy, duplicate copy, or copy, or any other tangible object such as paper on which information that can be recognized by human perception, such as characters or diagrams, is recorded; the same applies in the following paragraph and paragraph (4)) under the provisions of this Act or other laws and regulations relevant to the petition, etc., and that is made to a court specified by the Supreme Court (including one made to the presiding judge, authorized judge, commissioned judge or court clerk of that court), notwithstanding the provisions of those laws and regulations, it may be made by using the Electronic Data Processing System (meaning an Electronic Data Processing System that connects a computer used by the court (including input/output devices; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph and paragraph (3)) and a computer used by the person filing the petition, etc. via a telecommunications line), as provided by the Rules of the Supreme Court.
家事事件の手続における申立てその他の申述（以下この条及び次条において「申立て等」という。）のうち、当該申立て等に関するこの法律その他の法令の規定により書面等（書面、書類、文書、謄本、抄本、正本、副本、複本その他文字、図形等人の知覚によって認識することができる情報が記載された紙その他の有体物をいう。次項及び第四項において同じ。）をもってするものとされているものであって、最高裁判所の定める裁判所に対してするもの（当該裁判所の裁判長、受命裁判官、受託裁判官又は裁判所書記官に対してするものを含む。）については、当該法令の規定にかかわらず、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、電子情報処理組織（裁判所の使用に係る電子計算機（入出力装置を含む。以下この項及び第三項において同じ。）と申立て等をする者の使用に係る電子計算機とを電気通信回線で接続した電子情報処理組織をいう。）を用いてすることができる。
Changes by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
A petition, etc. filed pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is deemed to have been filed by means of a paper document, etc. prescribed in the provisions of the laws and regulations relevant to the petition, etc., in which it is provided that the petition, etc. is to be filed by means of a paper document, etc., and the provisions of the laws and regulations relevant to the petition, etc. apply.
Removed by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
A petition, etc. filed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) is deemed to have arrived at the court as referred to in that paragraph when it is recorded in a file stored on the computer used by that court.
Removed by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
Notwithstanding the provisions of other laws and regulations relevant to the petition, etc., in the case referred to in paragraph (1), a person filing a petition, etc. that is to bear a signature, etc. (meaning the relevant person's signature, name, or seal or other inclusion of the relevant person's name or trade name in the paper document, etc.; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) pursuant to the provisions of those laws and regulations, in lieu of affixing this signature, etc., is to take measures to clarify the name or trade name of the person filing the petition, etc., as provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court.
Removed by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
When a petition, etc. filed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) has been recorded in the file prescribed in paragraph (3), the court as referred to in paragraph (1) is to output the contents of the data recorded in the file in the form of a paper document.
Removed by (Act No. 53 of 2023)
The inspection or copying of, or the issuance of an authenticated copy, transcript or extract of, a record of a domestic relations case under other provisions of this Act, which pertains to a petition, etc. filed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), is to be made by means of the document set forth in the preceding paragraph. The same applies to the service or sending of a document pertaining to such petition, etc.
domestic relations cases
「家事事件」
A case of adjudication of domestic relations (家事審判) or of mediation of domestic relations (家事調停): the family matters whose procedure this Act governs.
Short name set inArticle 1, paragraph (1)
paper document, etc.machine translation
「書面等」
A paper document, piece of writing, written material, transcript, extract, authenticated copy, duplicate or extra copy, or any other paper or tangible object bearing characters, figures or other information that people can perceive with their senses.
Defined inArticle 38, paragraph (1)· applies only in this provision and in Article 38, paragraphs (2) and (4)
petition, etc.machine translation
「申立て等」
A petition (申立て) or other statement (申述) made in the proceedings of a domestic relations case (家事事件).
Short name set inArticle 38, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article and in Article 38-2
signature, etc.machine translation
「署名等」
In Article 38, paragraph (4), signing, writing one's name, affixing a seal or otherwise putting a person's or organization's name on a paper document, etc. (書面等).
Defined inArticle 38, paragraph (4)· applies only in this paragraph
service
送達
The delivery of a document in a court proceeding, such as a lawsuit, to the person it is for, by a procedure the law lays down: unless a provision says otherwise, the court carries it out of its own motion, the court clerk handles the work (Code of Civil Procedure, Article 98), and the person who effects it reports on it to the court in writing (Article 100, paragraph (1)); the complaint must be served on the defendant (Article 138, paragraph (1)), and the judgment on the parties (Article 255, paragraph (1)). A document is served by post or by a court enforcement officer (執行官) (Article 101, paragraph (1)), as a rule by handing it to the person (Article 102-2), at their address, residence, place of business or office, or at their workplace where those are unknown or service there meets an obstacle (Article 103); each party, legal representative and litigation representative (訴訟代理人) must tell the court a place in Japan where they are to be served (Article 104, paragraph (1)), and service abroad is made at the presiding judge's request to that country's authorities or to a Japanese ambassador, minister or consul there (Article 108). If the person is not found at a place other than their workplace, the document may be handed to an employee or a person living with them who can be trusted to receive it, and if it is refused without a legitimate reason it may be left there (Article 106, paragraphs (1) and (3)); where it cannot be served in those ways, the court clerk may send it by registered mail, and it counts as served when it is sent (Article 107, paragraphs (1) and (3)). An electronic record can also be served through the courts' electronic system on a person who has registered for it, by making it available to them and sending them a notice, and that service takes effect when they view it or save it to their computer, or one week after the notice was sent, whichever comes first (Articles 109-2, paragraph (1), and 109-3, paragraph (1)); a person who must make filings online, such as a litigation representative (訴訟代理人) entrusted with the case, can be served this way even without registering, and without a notice, the week then running from when the record was made available (Articles 109-4 and 132-11, paragraph (1)). Where a party's address or other place for service is unknown, among other cases, the court clerk may serve by publication (公示送達), on petition or where the court orders it, and serves the same party by publication again of the clerk's own motion, as a rule (Article 110, paragraphs (1) to (3)): that the clerk holds the document and will hand it over at any time is made available for anyone to view, by a method the Supreme Court's rules (最高裁判所規則) set, and posted on the court's notice board or shown on a screen at the court (Article 111), and service takes effect two weeks after that begins, or six weeks for service to be made abroad, though one made again of the clerk's own motion takes effect the day after it begins (Article 112, paragraphs (1) and (2)). Some time limits run from service: an appeal to the court of second instance (控訴), for one, must be filed within two weeks of the day the judgment is served (Article 285).
Written by AI using Code of Civil Procedure, Arts. 98, 100 to 104, 106 to 112, 132-11, 138, 255, 285 as a reference.
Supreme Court
最高裁判所
The highest court, and the court of last resort on whether any law, order, regulation or official act conforms to the Constitution (Article 76, paragraph (1), and Article 81). That power is what makes the Constitution enforceable: there is no penalty attached to breaching it, and instead a conflicting rule is held to have no legal force (Article 98, paragraph (1)). Its judges are reviewed by the people at the first general election after appointment, and again after ten further years (Article 79, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Constitution, Arts. 76, 79, 81, 98 and Wikipedia: Supreme Court of Japan as a reference.