In the following cases, a judge is disqualified from fulfilling the judge's duties; provided, however, that in the case set forth in item (vi), this does not preclude a judge from fulfilling the judge's duties as a commissioned judge based on a commission from another court:
裁判官は、次に掲げる場合には、その職務の執行から除斥される。ただし、第六号に掲げる場合にあっては、他の裁判所の嘱託により受託裁判官としてその職務を行うことを妨げない。
where a judge or the judge's spouse or a person who was the judge's spouse is a party to the case or any other person who is to be subject to adjudication (meaning a person who is to be subject to adjudication when a ruling is made (excluding a ruling to dismiss a petition); the same applies hereinafter), or is related to such party or person in relation to the case as a joint obligee, joint obligor, or obligor for redemption;
裁判官又はその配偶者若しくは配偶者であった者が、事件の当事者若しくはその他の審判を受ける者となるべき者（審判（申立てを却下する審判を除く。）がされた場合において、その審判を受ける者となる者をいう。以下同じ。）であるとき、又は事件についてこれらの者と共同権利者、共同義務者若しくは償還義務者の関係にあるとき。
when a judge is or was a blood relative within the fourth degree or relative by marriage within the third degree of, or relative living together with, a party to the case or any other person who is to be subject to adjudication;
裁判官が当事者又はその他の審判を受ける者となるべき者の四親等内の血族、三親等内の姻族若しくは同居の親族であるとき、又はあったとき。
Changes by (Act No. 45 of 2026)
when a judge is a guardian, supervisor of a guardian, curator, supervisor of a curator, assistant, or supervisor of an assistant for a party to the case or any other person who is to be subject to adjudication;
裁判官が当事者又はその他の審判を受ける者となるべき者の後見人、後見監督人、保佐人、保佐監督人、補助人又は補助監督人であるとき。
when a judge has served as a witness or appraiser or is to be heard in relation to the case;
裁判官が事件について証人若しくは鑑定人となったとき、又は審問を受けることとなったとき。
when a judge is or has been a representative or assistant in court of a party to the case or any other person who is to be subject to adjudication; and
裁判官が事件について当事者若しくはその他の審判を受ける者となるべき者の代理人若しくは補佐人であるとき、又はあったとき。
when a judge has participated in making an arbitral award in relation to the case or participated in making a judicial decision in the prior instance against which an appeal has been entered.
裁判官が事件について仲裁判断に関与し、又は不服を申し立てられた前審の裁判に関与したとき。
If any of the grounds for disqualification prescribed in the preceding paragraph exist, the court makes a judicial decision of disqualification upon petition or by its own authority.
前項に規定する除斥の原因があるときは、裁判所は、申立てにより又は職権で、除斥の裁判をする。