A person dissatisfied with a disposition under the national tax laws that is listed in any of the following items may file the appeal specified in that item:
国税に関する法律に基づく処分で次の各号に掲げるものに不服がある者は、当該各号に定める不服申立てをすることができる。
a disposition made by a district director, a regional commissioner or a director-general of a customs house (excluding a disposition prescribed in the following paragraph): any one of the following appeals that the person dissatisfied with the disposition chooses;
税務署長、国税局長又は税関長がした処分（次項に規定する処分を除く。） 次に掲げる不服申立てのうちその処分に不服がある者の選択するいずれかの不服申立て
a request for reinvestigation to the district director, regional commissioner or director-general of the customs house that made the disposition;
その処分をした税務署長、国税局長又は税関長に対する再調査の請求
a request for review to the President of the National Tax Tribunal;
国税不服審判所長に対する審査請求
a disposition made by the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency: a request for review to the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency;
国税庁長官がした処分 国税庁長官に対する審査請求
a disposition made by the head of an administrative organ other than the National Tax Agency, a Regional Taxation Bureau, a tax office or a customs house, or by an official of such an agency: a request for review to the President of the National Tax Tribunal.
国税庁、国税局、税務署及び税関以外の行政機関の長又はその職員がした処分 国税不服審判所長に対する審査請求
A person dissatisfied with a disposition made by a district director under the national tax laws, of which the person was notified by a document stating that the investigation of the matters concerning the disposition was conducted by an official listed in one of the following items, may, deeming the disposition to have been made by the regional commissioner or the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency specified in that item, respectively, file, for a disposition deemed to have been made by a regional commissioner, any one of a request for reinvestigation to that regional commissioner or a request for review to the President of the National Tax Tribunal that the person dissatisfied with the disposition chooses, and, for a disposition deemed to have been made by the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency, a request for review to the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency.
国税に関する法律に基づき税務署長がした処分で、その処分に係る事項に関する調査が次の各号に掲げる職員によつてされた旨の記載がある書面により通知されたものに不服がある者は、当該各号に定める国税局長又は国税庁長官がその処分をしたものとそれぞれみなして、国税局長がしたものとみなされた処分については当該国税局長に対する再調査の請求又は国税不服審判所長に対する審査請求のうちその処分に不服がある者の選択するいずれかの不服申立てをし、国税庁長官がしたものとみなされた処分については国税庁長官に対する審査請求をすることができる。
the relevant official of a Regional Taxation Bureau: the regional commissioner having jurisdiction over the district under the jurisdiction of the district director who made the disposition;
国税局の当該職員 その処分をした税務署長の管轄区域を所轄する国税局長
the relevant official of the National Tax Agency: the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency.
国税庁の当該職員 国税庁長官
If a determination has been made on a request for reinvestigation under paragraph (1), item (i), (a) or the preceding paragraph (limited to the part concerning item (i)) (excluding a request filed after the expiry of the statutory period for requesting reinvestigation or any other request that has not been lawfully filed; the same applies in the following paragraph), and the person who filed the request for reinvestigation is still dissatisfied with the disposition as it stands after that determination, that person may file a request for review with the President of the National Tax Tribunal.
A person who has filed a request for reinvestigation under paragraph (1), item (i), (a) or paragraph (2) (limited to the part concerning item (i)) may, in any of the following cases, file a request for review with the President of the National Tax Tribunal concerning the disposition to which the request for reinvestigation pertains, without going through a determination:
if no determination has been made on the request for reinvestigation even after three months have elapsed counting from the day following the day on which the request for reinvestigation was filed (or, if the person was required to correct a deficiency under Article 81, paragraph (3) (Matters to Be Stated in a Written Request for Reinvestigation, etc.), the day on which the person corrected the deficiency);
再調査の請求をした日（第八十一条第三項（再調査の請求書の記載事項等）の規定により不備を補正すべきことを求められた場合にあつては、当該不備を補正した日）の翌日から起算して三月を経過しても当該再調査の請求についての決定がない場合
if there is otherwise a justifiable reason for not going through a determination on the request for reinvestigation.
その他再調査の請求についての決定を経ないことにつき正当な理由がある場合
If a person is dissatisfied with a disposition under the national tax laws made by an official of the National Tax Agency, a Regional Taxation Bureau, a tax office or a customs house, the provisions of paragraph (1) apply by deeming the disposition to have been made by the head of the National Tax Agency, Regional Taxation Bureau, tax office or customs house to which that official belongs, respectively.
Read this with the articles around it
national taxmachine translation
「国税」
A tax imposed by the national government, other than customs duty, tonnage tax, special tonnage tax, the forest environment tax and the special corporate business tax.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies throughout the law
director-general of a customs house
税関長
The head of a customs house (税関), a local office of the Ministry of Finance (Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Article 12, paragraph (1)). A customs house collects customs duties and controls imported and exported goods (Article 16, paragraph (1), with Article 4, paragraph (1), items 25 and 26), and it also levies and collects the internal taxes (内国税, taxes other than customs duties, such as consumption tax) that a law puts in its hands (Article 16, paragraph (1), item (iv)). For consumption tax that means taxable goods (課税貨物) taken out of a bonded area (保税地域, a zone where imported goods are held before customs clearance): unless another law or a treaty exempts them, the person taking them out files the return with the director-general of a customs house, not with a tax office (Consumption Tax Act, Article 47, paragraphs (1) and (2)), and where the customs authorities fix the tax themselves, that director-general collects it when the goods are taken out (Article 50, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Arts. 4, 12, 16 and Consumption Tax Act, Arts. 47, 50 as a reference.
district director
税務署長
The head of a tax office (税務署), the local office of the National Tax Agency that deals with taxpayers in its district (Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Article 24). It is the office a person usually deals with: an income tax return is filed with a district director (Income Tax Act, Article 120, paragraph (1)), and reassessments, determinations and the collection of national tax are done by the district director for the taxpayer's current place for tax payment (Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Articles 30 and 43). A person who objects to what a district director has decided can ask that director to look at it again (再調査の請求) or go straight to the National Tax Tribunal (Article 75, paragraph (1), item (i)) — unless the notice of the decision says officials of a Regional Taxation Bureau or of the National Tax Agency investigated, in which case it counts as the regional commissioner's decision, with the same choice, or as the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency's, which can only be challenged by a request for review to the Commissioner (Article 75, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Art. 24, Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Arts. 30, 43, 75 and Income Tax Act, Art. 120 as a reference.
Commissioner of the National Tax Agency
国税庁長官
The head of the National Tax Agency (国税庁), the agency within the Ministry of Finance that assesses and collects national taxes (Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Articles 18 and 19). The Commissioner issues circulars (通達) setting out how the tax laws are read, and the National Tax Tribunal must tell the Commissioner beforehand when it will decide a case on a different reading (Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Article 99, paragraph (1)). An objection to a decision the Commissioner made is a request for review to the Commissioner (Article 75, paragraph (1), item (ii)).
Written by AI using Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Arts. 18, 19 and Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Arts. 75, 99 as a reference.
regional commissioner
国税局長
The head of a regional taxation bureau (国税局), the National Tax Agency's regional office, which oversees the tax offices of its region (Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Articles 23 and 24). Collection can be taken over from a district director (Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Article 43, paragraph (3)), and a person who objects to what a regional commissioner has decided can ask the commissioner to look at it again (再調査の請求) or go straight to the National Tax Tribunal (Article 75, paragraph (1), item (i)).
Written by AI using Act for Establishment of the Ministry of Finance, Arts. 23, 24 and Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Arts. 43, 75 as a reference.
request for re-investigation
再調査の請求
A request to the administrative agency (行政庁) that made a disposition (処分) to look into it again. A person who objects to the disposition can make one only where a request for review (審査請求) of it can be made to another agency and an Act provides that this request can be made, and not once the person has made a request for review of it (Administrative Complaint Review Act, Article 5, paragraph (1)). Another Act can set rules of its own for it (Article 1, paragraph (2)): the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, for instance, lets a person who objects to a disposition of a district director (税務署長) as a rule choose between a request for re-investigation to that director and a request for review to the President of the National Tax Tribunal (国税不服審判所長) (Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Article 75, paragraph (1), item (i)). Under the Administrative Complaint Review Act, it must be made within three months of the day after the person learned of the disposition and within a year of the disposition, unless there is a justifiable reason (Administrative Complaint Review Act, Article 54). A person who has made one cannot make a request for review until the agency has decided it, unless three months pass from the day after it was made — or, where the agency ordered a defect in it corrected, the day after the correction — without a decision, or there is another justifiable reason (Article 5, paragraph (2)); where it is still pending after those three months, the agency must tell the person in writing that they can make a request for review straight away (Article 57). The agency decides it by a decision (決定): it dismisses a request that is unlawful, for instance one made too late, rejects one that is groundless, and, where one is well founded, revokes the disposition in whole or in part or changes it, though never to the disadvantage of the person who made the request; where it is about a de facto act (事実上の行為), the decision instead declares the act unlawful or unjust and abolishes it in whole or in part or changes it (Articles 58 and 59). Unless the decision revokes the whole disposition or abolishes the whole of a de facto act, it must tell the person that a request for review can be made — after a dismissal, only where the dismissal was unlawful — to which agency and within what time (Article 60, paragraph (2)); that request for review must be made within one month of the day after the person learned of the decision and within a year of the decision, unless there is a justifiable reason (Article 18, paragraphs (1) and (2)).
Written by AI using Administrative Complaint Review Act, Arts. 1, 5, 18, 54, 57 to 60 and Act on General Rules for National Taxes, Art. 75 as a reference.
request for review
審査請求
A request to an administrative agency (行政庁) to review a disposition (処分) the person objects to, or, where the person applied for a disposition under a law or regulation and a reasonable time has passed with none made, the agency's failure to act (不作為) (Administrative Complaint Review Act, Articles 2 and 3). Unless an Act, or for a disposition based on a local ordinance (条例) that ordinance, provides otherwise, it is made to the agency that made the disposition or failed to act where that agency has no superior agency or is itself the competent minister (主任の大臣) or the head of certain agencies; where such a minister or head is the agency above it, to that minister or head; and otherwise to its highest superior agency (Article 4). Another Act can set rules of its own for it, naming another body to make it to or another route (Article 1, paragraph (2); Article 4): the Employees' Pension Insurance Act, for instance, has a request about a disposition (処分) of the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare (厚生労働大臣) on a person's status as insured, standard remuneration or insurance benefits, other than a decision on a request to correct the pension insurance register, made to a social insurance examiner (社会保険審査官), and disapplies most of the Administrative Complaint Review Act's rules for it (Employees' Pension Insurance Act, Articles 90, paragraph (1), and 91-2). Under the Administrative Complaint Review Act, a request about a disposition must be made within three months of the day after the person learned of it — or one month after learning of the decision, where a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求) was made first — and within a year of the disposition or that decision, unless there is a justifiable reason (Administrative Complaint Review Act, Article 18, paragraphs (1) and (2)). Making one does not by itself stop the disposition taking effect or being carried out, or the proceedings going on (Article 25, paragraph (1)), but the agency reviewing it can suspend them in whole or in part on the application of the person who made the request — and, where it made the disposition or is the agency above the one that did, of its own motion — and, once the person who made the request has applied, must where that is urgently needed to avoid serious harm, unless that would seriously affect the public welfare or the request appears to have no grounds (Article 25, paragraphs (2) to (4)). The agency reviewing it (審査庁) decides it by a determination (裁決): it dismisses a request that is unlawful, for instance one made too late, rejects one that is groundless, and, where one is well founded, revokes the disposition in whole or in part or changes it — though never to the disadvantage of the person who made the request, and an agency that neither made the disposition nor is above the agency that did cannot change it (Articles 45, paragraphs (1) and (2), 46, paragraph (1), and 48). Where the request is about a de facto act (事実上の行為), the determination instead declares the act unlawful or unjust and orders it abolished in whole or in part or changed, or abolishes or changes it (Article 47). A well-founded request about a failure to act ends instead in a determination declaring the failure unlawful or unjust, and, where the agency finds a disposition should be made, an order to make it or the disposition itself (Article 49, paragraph (3)). Where revoking an unlawful or unjust disposition, or abolishing an unlawful or unjust de facto act, would seriously harm the public interest, the agency can reject the request while declaring in the determination that it is unlawful or unjust (Article 45, paragraph (3)). The determination takes effect when it is served on the person who made the request — or, where someone other than the disposition's addressee made it and the determination revokes or changes the disposition or deals with a de facto act, once it is served on the addressee too — and binds the agencies concerned (Articles 51, paragraph (1), and 52, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Administrative Complaint Review Act, Arts. 1 to 4, 18, 25, 45 to 49, 51, 52 and Employees' Pension Insurance Act, Arts. 90, 91-2 as a reference.