Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 総則
第一条
The purpose of this Act is to prevent sanitation hazards resulting from eating and drinking by enforcing regulations and other measures necessary from the viewpoint of public health for ensuring food safety, thereby protecting the people's health.
この法律は、食品の安全性の確保のために公衆衛生の見地から必要な規制その他の措置を講ずることにより、飲食に起因する衛生上の危害の発生を防止し、もつて国民の健康の保護を図ることを目的とする。
第二条
The national government, prefectures, cities specified by Cabinet Order based on the provisions of Article 5, paragraph (1) of the Community Health Act (Act No. 101 of 1947) (referred to below as "cities with public health centers") and special wards must take the necessary measures to disseminate the correct knowledge concerning food sanitation through educational and PR activities, collect, consolidate, analyze, and provide information on food sanitation, promote research on food sanitation, enhance capabilities on inspection of food sanitation, and develop human resources to be involved in the improvement of food sanitation, and enhance their capabilities.
国、都道府県、地域保健法（昭和二十二年法律第百一号）第五条第一項の規定に基づく政令で定める市（以下「保健所を設置する市」という。）及び特別区は、教育活動及び広報活動を通じた食品衛生に関する正しい知識の普及、食品衛生に関する情報の収集、整理、分析及び提供、食品衛生に関する研究の推進、食品衛生に関する検査の能力の向上並びに食品衛生の向上にかかわる人材の養成及び資質の向上を図るために必要な措置を講じなければならない。
The national government, prefectures, cities with public health centers, and special wards, must coordinate closely with each other so that measures concerning food sanitation are implemented comprehensively and promptly.
The national government is to develop a system for collecting, consolidating, analyzing, and providing information on food sanitation, conducting research, and making inspections for food sanitation on imported food, additives, apparatus, and containers and packages, take necessary measures to ensure international cooperation, and provide prefectures, cities with public health centers and special wards (referred to below as "prefectures, etc.") with the technical assistance necessary for them to pursue their responsibilities referred to in the preceding two paragraphs.
第三条
A food business operator (meaning a person or corporation that is engaged in collecting, producing, importing, processing, cooking, storing, transporting, or selling food or additives, or manufacturing, importing, or selling apparatus, or containers and packages, or a person or corporation that continuously provides food to a large number of persons or unspecified persons at schools, hospitals, or other facilities; the same applies below) must endeavor to ensure the safety of the food, additives, apparatus, or containers and packages that they collect, produce, import, process, cook, store, transport, sell, provide to a large number of persons or unspecified persons, or use for business (referred to below as "food for sale, etc.") on their own responsibility, and endeavor to obtain the knowledge and skills for ensuring the safety of food for sale, etc., ensure the safety of raw materials of food for sale, etc., conduct voluntary inspections of food for sale, etc., and take other necessary measures.
食品等事業者（食品若しくは添加物を採取し、製造し、輸入し、加工し、調理し、貯蔵し、運搬し、若しくは販売すること若しくは器具若しくは容器包装を製造し、輸入し、若しくは販売することを営む人若しくは法人又は学校、病院その他の施設において継続的に不特定若しくは多数の者に食品を供与する人若しくは法人をいう。以下同じ。）は、その採取し、製造し、輸入し、加工し、調理し、貯蔵し、運搬し、販売し、不特定若しくは多数の者に授与し、又は営業上使用する食品、添加物、器具又は容器包装（以下「販売食品等」という。）について、自らの責任においてそれらの安全性を確保するため、販売食品等の安全性の確保に係る知識及び技術の習得、販売食品等の原材料の安全性の確保、販売食品等の自主検査の実施その他の必要な措置を講ずるよう努めなければならない。
A food business operator must endeavor to make a record of necessary information such as the name of the person who has sold food for sale, etc. or raw materials of food for sale, etc. to the food business operator and preserve the record, to the extent necessary for preventing food sanitation hazards resulting from food for sale, etc.
In order to prevent food sanitation hazards resulting from food for sale, etc., a food business operator must endeavor to appropriately and promptly take necessary measures such as providing the record prescribed in the preceding paragraph to the national government or prefectures, etc. and disposing of the food for sale, etc. that caused the food sanitation hazards.
第四条
The term "food" as used in this Act means all foods and drinks; provided, however, that this term does not include pharmaceutical products, quasi-pharmaceutical products, and regenerative medicine products specified in the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices (Act No. 145 of 1960).
この法律で食品とは、全ての飲食物をいう。ただし、医薬品、医療機器等の品質、有効性及び安全性の確保等に関する法律（昭和三十五年法律第百四十五号）に規定する医薬品、医薬部外品及び再生医療等製品は、これを含まない。
The term "additives" as used in this Act means substances that are used by the method such as adding, mixing or being infiltrated into food in the process of producing food or for the purpose of processing or preserving food.
この法律で添加物とは、食品の製造の過程において又は食品の加工若しくは保存の目的で、食品に添加、混和、浸潤その他の方法によつて使用する物をいう。
The term "natural flavoring agents" as used in this Act means substances obtained from animals or plants, or mixtures of those substances, which are used for flavoring food.
The term "apparatus" as used in this Act means tableware, kitchen utensils, and machines, equipment, and other articles that are used for collecting, producing, processing, cooking, storing, transporting, displaying, delivering, or consuming food or additives, and come into direct contact with food or additives; provided, however, that this does not include machines, equipment, and other articles used for harvesting food for agriculture and fisheries.
The term "food sanitation" as used in this Act means sanitation for eating and drinking concerning food, additives, apparatus, and containers and packages.
The term "business" as used in this Act means collecting, producing, importing, processing, cooking, storing, transporting, or selling food or additives, or manufacturing, importing, or selling apparatus, or containers and packages, in the course of trade; provided, however, that this does not include the food collection business in agriculture and fisheries.
The term "business operator" as used in this Act means a person or corporation that engages in business.
この法律で営業者とは、営業を営む人又は法人をいう。
The term "registered conformity assessment body" as used in this Act means a corporation that has obtained a registration from the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare pursuant to the provisions of Article 33, paragraph (1).
この法律で登録検査機関とは、第三十三条第一項の規定により厚生労働大臣の登録を受けた法人をいう。
cities with public health centers
「保健所を設置する市」
A city that a Cabinet Order (政令) under Article 5, paragraph (1) of the Community Health Act names as one that sets up its own public health center (保健所); it shares the duties this Act gives prefectures, and in the articles Article 76 lists its mayor acts in place of the prefectural governor.
Short name set inArticle 2, paragraph (1)
prefectures, etc.
「都道府県等」
A prefecture, a city with a public health center (保健所を設置する市) or a special ward (特別区).
Short name set inArticle 2, paragraph (3)
food for sale, etc.
「販売食品等」
The food, additives, apparatus and containers and packages that a food business operator (食品等事業者) collects, produces, imports, processes, cooks, stores, transports, sells, hands out to many or unspecified people, or uses in its business, whose safety Article 3 asks it to ensure on its own responsibility.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1)
food business operator
「食品等事業者」
A person or corporation that collects, produces, imports, processes, cooks, stores, transports or sells food or additives, or makes, imports or sells apparatus or containers and packages, as a business, or that continuously provides food to many or unspecified people at a school, hospital or other facility.
Defined inArticle 3, paragraph (1)
food
「食品」
All food and drink, except the pharmaceutical products, quasi-pharmaceutical products and regenerative medicine products defined in the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (1)· applies throughout the law
additives
「添加物」
A substance used in or on food, by adding, mixing, soaking or any other method, in the course of producing food or to process or preserve it.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (2)· applies throughout the law
natural flavoring agents
「天然香料」
An additive used to flavor food that is obtained from animals or plants, or is a mixture of such substances.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (3)· applies throughout the law
apparatus
「器具」
Tableware, kitchen utensils and other machines, equipment and articles that are used in collecting, producing, processing, cooking, storing, transporting, displaying, handing over or consuming food or additives and that touch the food or additives directly; those used to harvest food in farming and fisheries are not included.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (4)· applies throughout the law
containers and packages
「容器包装」
Anything that holds or wraps food or additives and is handed over with them, as it is, when the food or additives change hands.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (5)· applies throughout the law
food sanitation
「食品衛生」
Hygiene in eating and drinking, as it concerns food, additives, apparatus and containers and packages.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (6)· applies throughout the law
business
「営業」
Collecting, producing, importing, processing, cooking, storing, transporting or selling food or additives, or making, importing or selling apparatus or containers and packages, as a trade; collecting food in farming and fisheries is not included.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (7)· applies throughout the law
business operator
「営業者」
A person or corporation that runs a business (営業) as this Act defines it: collecting, producing, importing, processing, cooking, storing, transporting or selling food or additives, or making, importing or selling apparatus or containers and packages, as a trade.
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (8)· applies throughout the law
registered conformity assessment body
「登録検査機関」
A corporation registered by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare under Article 33, paragraph (1) as a body that carries out product inspections (製品検査).
Defined inArticle 4, paragraph (9)· applies throughout the law
special ward
特別区
A ward (区) of a metropolis (都) (Local Autonomy Act, Article 281, paragraph (1)). Today the only special wards are the 23 wards of Tokyo. A special ward is a basic local government in its own right: it does, in general, the work a city, town or village (市町村) does elsewhere, apart from what the metropolis does across all the wards as one (Article 281-2, paragraph (2)). Where a law or order gives a city (市) work to do, its provisions on that work also apply to a special ward, for the work the ward does (Article 281, paragraph (2), and Article 283, paragraph (2)); a Cabinet Order (政令) can make special rules where they cannot apply as they stand (Article 283, paragraph (3)).
Written by AI using Local Autonomy Act, Arts. 281, 281-2, 283 as a reference.