①A motor vehicle user (excluding a motor carrier under the Road Transportation Act (Act No. 183 of 1951) (excluding a person who operates a light motor vehicle cargo transportation business under the Motor Truck Transportation Business Act (Act No. 83 of 1989); the same applies hereinafter), a person who operates a Type II consigned freight forwarding business under the Consigned Freight Forwarding Business Act, and a person who has received registration under Article 79 of the Road Transportation Act; the same applies hereinafter in this Article) must, for each base of use of not less than the number of motor vehicles that Cabinet Office Order prescribes, appoint a driving safety supervisor, as the person to perform the duties referred to in the following paragraph, from among persons who satisfy the requirements that Cabinet Office Order prescribes with respect to age, experience in the management of motor vehicle driving, and other matters.

②A driving safety supervisor must provide drivers engaged in the business activities of the user with the necessary traffic safety education to ensure that they drive motor vehicles safely, and undertake the necessary duties that Cabinet Office Order prescribes so that motor vehicles are driven safely (other than duties involved in the maintenance of motor vehicle equipment; the same applies in paragraph (1) of Article 75-2-2).

③The traffic safety education referred to in the preceding paragraph must be provided in accordance with the traffic safety education guidelines referred to in Article 108-28, paragraph (1).

④For each place serving as the base of operations for not less than the number of motor vehicles that Cabinet Office Order prescribes, a motor vehicle user must appoint a deputy driving safety supervisor, pursuant to Cabinet Office Order, as a person to support the duties of the driving safety supervisor, from among those who meet the requirements that Cabinet Office Order prescribes with respect to age, experience in motor vehicle driving, and other particulars.

⑤Within 15 days of appointing a driving safety supervisor or deputy driving safety supervisor (hereinafter referred to as a "primary or deputy driving safety supervisor"), a motor vehicle user must file the information that Cabinet Office Order prescribes with the public safety commission with jurisdiction over the motor vehicles' base of operations. The same applies if the user dismisses a primary or deputy driving safety supervisor.

⑥If a primary or deputy driving safety supervisor no longer meets one of the requirements that Cabinet Office Order prescribes which is referred to in paragraph (1) or (4) or if the public safety commission finds that the driving safety supervisor has not ensured that the relevant motor vehicles will be driven safely because the supervisor has failed to observe paragraph (2), the public safety commission may order the motor vehicle user to dismiss the relevant primary or deputy driving safety supervisor.

⑦A motor vehicle user must grant its driving safety supervisor the necessary authority to perform the duties referred to in paragraph (2), and must also provide the equipment necessary to perform the duties referred to in that paragraph.

⑧When a public safety commission finds that safe driving of motor vehicles is not ensured because a motor vehicle user has failed to comply with the preceding paragraph, it may order the motor vehicle user to take the measures necessary to correct the situation.

⑨If a motor vehicle user is notified by a public safety commission that it will hold the training set forth in Article 108-2, paragraph (1), item (i) for primary or deputy driving safety supervisors appointed by the user, the user must have its primary or deputy driving safety supervisor undergo that training.

①It is prohibited for a motor vehicle user (including the user of heavy towable vehicles; the same applies hereinafter in this Article, paragraph (1) of the following Article, and Article 75-2-2, paragraph (2)) (or the primary or deputy driving safety supervisor or any other person in a position to directly manage the operations of its motor vehicles; referred to as a " user, supervisor, or manager" in the following paragraph) to order or allow a driver of its motor vehicles to engage in the conduct set forth in one of the following items in connection with the business of the user:

②If auser, supervisor, or manager of motor vehicles violates the preceding paragraph thereby causing the driver of a motor vehicle to engage in conduct set forth in one of the items of that paragraph, and the public safety commission with jurisdiction over the base of operations of the motor vehicle connected with the violation finds that the operator's use of its motor vehicles in connection with its business activities is likely to cause an extreme traffic hazard on a road or an extreme obstruction to traffic, it may issue an order to the user , in accordance with the standards that Cabinet Order prescribes, not to drive or allow any person to drive the motor vehicles connected with the violation for a period of up to six months that it fixes.

③Before issuing an order pursuant to the preceding paragraph, a public safety commission must hear the opinion of the supervising administrative agency for the relevant services if the user of a motor vehicle that would be subject to the order is a passenger motor carrier under the Road Transportation Act or a person engaged in Type II cargo transportation services under the Cargo Forwarder Service Act.

④Irrespective of the category of proceedings for hearing statements of opinion under Article 13, paragraph (1) of the Administrative Procedure Act (Act No. 88 of 1993), a public safety commission seeking to issue an order pursuant to paragraph (2) must hold a hearing.

⑤To hold a hearing as referred to in the preceding paragraph, a public safety commission must notify the relevant persons as under Article 15, paragraph (1) of the Administrative Procedure Act and issue public notice of the date and place of the hearing, by one week prior to the hearing date.

⑥If a person is notified as referred to in the preceding paragraph in the way that Article 15, paragraph (3) of the Administrative Procedure Act prescribes, the reasonable period of time to be set aside before the hearing date pursuant to paragraph (1) of that Article must not be less than two weeks.

⑦The proceedings on the hearing date referred to in paragraph (4) must be open to the public.

⑧On finding it to be necessary to do so, the person presiding over the hearing referred to in paragraph (4) may request the appearance of witnesses who have expert knowledge about road traffic or persons connected with the matter at issue so as to hear their opinions or circumstances.

⑨A public safety commission that has issued an order pursuant to paragraph (2) must issue a document to the user of the motor vehicle subject to the order giving the information that Cabinet Office Order prescribes, including the number of the identification plate of any motor vehicle that the user may neither drive nor allow others to drive, and must affix a mark in the format that Cabinet Office Order prescribes in a conspicuous place on the front of any such motor vehicle.

⑩A person purchasing a motor vehicle to which a mark has been affixed pursuant to the preceding paragraph from auser or from a third party who holds title to its use may apply to a public safety commission, pursuant to Cabinet Office Order, for removal of that mark. In such a case, the public safety commission must remove the mark.

⑪It is prohibited for any person to damage or deface a mark affixed pursuant to paragraph (9); and it is prohibited for any person to remove such a mark until after the end of the period during which the motor vehicle is prohibited from being driven.

②If a public safety commission issues a payment order to the user of a vehicle to which a mark has been affixed pursuant to Article 51-4, paragraph (1) and if the operator had been issued any other payment order (other than one revoked pursuant to paragraph (16) of that Article) because of that vehicle within six months before the date on which the mark was affixed and the commission finds that the operator's operation of such a vehicle is likely to cause an extreme hazard or an obstruction to traffic, the public safety commission with jurisdiction over the vehicle's base of operations may order the operator, in accordance with the standards that Cabinet Order prescribes, not to drive or allow any other person to drive the vehicle for a period of up to three months that it fixes.

③Paragraphs (3) through (11) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to orders issued pursuant to the preceding two paragraphs.

①On finding it to be necessary to do so for a base of motor vehicle operations at which a driving safety supervisor has been appointed in order to facilitate the needed traffic safety education to ensure that motor vehicles are driven safely and to otherwise facilitate the needed business activities for motor vehicles to be driven safely, a public safety commission may ask either the user of motor vehicles that has appointed the driving safety supervisor or the driving safety supervisor to report as necessary or submit the necessary materials.

②On finding it to be necessary to do so in order to facilitate the proper operation of motor vehicles in terms of speed, parking, or loading, or the mental and physical condition of the driver, a public safety commission may ask a user of a motor vehicle to report as necessary or submit the necessary materials.