Changes on (Act No. 12 of 2026)
If the representative of a corporation (including the administrator of an association or foundation without legal personality), or an agent, employee, or other worker of a corporation or individual, has committed a violation referred to in the preceding two Articles in connection with the business or property of that corporation or individual, not only is the offender punished, but that corporation or individual is also subject to the fine prescribed in the respective Articles.
If the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to an association or foundation without legal personality, its representative or administrator represents the association or foundation without legal personality with regard to its procedural acts, and the provisions of the laws concerning criminal proceedings in which a corporation is the accused or the suspect apply mutatis mutandis.
association or foundation without legal personalitymachine translation
「人格のない社団等」
An association or foundation that is not a legal person but has a set representative or manager, which this Act treats as a corporation.
Short name set inArticle 3, paragraph (1)
fine
罰金
A criminal punishment of paying money to the state, of 10,000 yen or more, or less where it is reduced (Penal Code, Article 15). It ranks below imprisonment (拘禁刑) and above penal detention (拘留) and a petty fine (科料) (Articles 9 and 10, paragraph (1)). A person who cannot pay it in full is held in a workhouse (労役場) for one day to two years, or up to three years where fines are imposed together, a period set when the sentence is passed (Article 18, paragraphs (1), (3) and (4)); not within thirty days of the sentence becoming final without the person's consent (paragraph (5)). If it is not enforced for three years after the sentence becomes final, the person is released from it by prescription (Articles 31 and 32, item (v)); the three years do not run while its execution is suspended under law or the person is abroad, and an act of execution interrupts them (Articles 33 and 34, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Penal Code, Arts. 9, 10, 15, 18, 31 to 34 as a reference.