Section 1 Common Rules
第一節 通則
Emergency disaster control measures are to be performed with respect to the following matters, when a disaster occurs or is likely to occur, for the purpose of preventing a disaster or preventing the spread of the disaster, or of conducting emergency rescue work:
災害応急対策は、次に掲げる事項について、災害が発生し、又は発生するおそれがある場合に災害の発生を防御し、又は応急的救助を行う等災害の拡大を防止するために行うものとする。
matters concerning the issuance and transmission of alarms, and recommendations or instructions for evacuation;
警報の発令及び伝達並びに避難の勧告又は指示に関する事項
matters concerning emergency measures, such as fire-fighting and flood prevention;
消防、水防その他の応急措置に関する事項
matters concerning rescue, aid, and protection of disaster victims;
被災者の救難、救助その他保護に関する事項
matters concerning emergency education of children and school children affected by disasters;
災害を受けた児童及び生徒の応急の教育に関する事項
matters concerning emergency restoration of facilities and equipment;
施設及び設備の応急の復旧に関する事項
matters concerning protection of the living environment and public health such as treatment and cleanup of waste, epidemic control, and others;
廃棄物の処理及び清掃、防疫その他の生活環境の保全及び公衆衛生に関する事項
matters concerning the preservation of social order at disaster areas regarding crime prevention, traffic control, etc.;
犯罪の予防、交通の規制その他災害地における社会秩序の維持に関する事項
matters concerning ensuring emergency transport;
緊急輸送の確保に関する事項
beyond what is provided for in each of the preceding items, any matters related to measures for prevention of the occurrence or spread of disasters.
The head of a designated administrative organ, the head of a designated local administrative organ, the head or any other executive agency of a local government, designated public corporations and designated local public corporations, and any other parties responsible, by laws and regulations, for implementing emergency disaster control measures must carry out the measures, as provided for by laws and regulations or under a disaster management plan, exercising full care to ensure the safety of those engaged in emergency disaster control measures.
Article 51Gathering and Transmission of Information
第五十一条(情報の収集及び伝達等)
The head of a designated administrative organ, the head of a designated local administrative organ, the head or any other executive agency of a local government, designated public corporations and designated local public corporations, any public organization, and administrators of facilities important for disaster management (hereinafter referred to as "persons responsible for emergency disaster control measures") must endeavor to gather and transmit information related to disasters, as provided for by laws and regulations or under a disaster management plan.
Persons responsible for emergency disaster control measures, in gathering and transmitting information on disasters under the preceding paragraph, must endeavor to utilize geospatial information (referring to geospatial information prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Basic Act on the Advancement of Utilizing Geospatial Information (Act No. 63 of 2007)), information and communications technology, and other advanced technologies.
Persons responsible for emergency disaster control measures must endeavor to share information on disasters and implement emergency disaster control measures in mutual coordination.
Article 51-2Full Information for Citizens
第五十一条の二(国民に対する周知)
In cases where an extraordinary disaster or specified disaster has occurred or is likely to occur, when the Prime Minister finds it urgently necessary for evacuation, the Prime Minister must take measures to let citizens know the presumed condition of the disaster and the measures to be taken for the disaster as provided for by laws and regulations or under a disaster management plan.
Article 52Signals for Disaster Management
第五十二条(防災信号)
The kinds, content, and forms or methods of signals relating to disaster management that the mayor of a municipality employs in the issuance and transmission of alarms, warnings, and instructions for evacuation concerning disasters are prescribed by Disaster Management Agency Order, except as otherwise specially provided for by other laws and regulations.
No person may be permitted to employ a signal prescribed in the preceding paragraph or similar signals without good reason.
何人も、みだりに前項の信号又はこれに類似する信号を使用してはならない。
Article 53Report on Conditions of Disasters
第五十三条(被害状況等の報告)
When a disaster has occurred in the area of the municipality, as provided for by Cabinet Order, the municipality must promptly report to the prefecture (or to the Prime Minister when it is not possible to report to the prefecture) on conditions of the disaster and provide an outline of the measures taken.
市町村は、当該市町村の区域内に災害が発生したときは、政令で定めるところにより、速やかに、当該災害の状況及びこれに対して執られた措置の概要を都道府県(都道府県に報告ができない場合にあつては、内閣総理大臣)に報告しなければならない。
When a disaster has occurred in the area of the prefecture, as provided for by Cabinet Order, the prefecture must promptly report to the Prime Minister on conditions of the disaster and provide an outline of the measures taken.
都道府県は、当該都道府県の区域内に災害が発生したときは、政令で定めるところにより、速やかに、当該災害の状況及びこれに対して執られた措置の概要を内閣総理大臣に報告しなければならない。
When a disaster involving the operations of a designated public corporation has occurred, as provided for by Cabinet Order, its representative must report promptly to the Prime Minister on conditions of the disaster and provide an outline of the measures taken.
When a disaster involving the function under the jurisdiction of a designated administrative organ has occurred, as provided for by Cabinet Order, its head must report promptly to the Prime Minister on conditions of the disaster and provide an outline of the measures taken.
When a disaster concerning the report under provisions of paragraphs (1) through (4) is found to be an extraordinary disaster or specified disaster, the municipality, the prefecture, representative of the designated public corporation, or the head of the designated administrative organ must make efforts to gather information needed to gauge the scale of the disaster.
In cases where a disaster has occurred within the area of a municipality, when the municipality is unable to make a report under paragraph (1) due to the occurrence of the disaster, the prefecture must make efforts to gather information on the disaster.
In cases where a disaster has occurred within the area of a prefecture, when the prefecture is unable to make a report under paragraph (2) due to the occurrence of the disaster, the head of the designated administrative organ must make efforts to gather information on the disaster involving the function under the jurisdiction of the head.
When the Prime Minister has received reports under provisions of paragraphs (1) through (4), the Prime Minister is to notify the National Disaster Management Council of the matters concerning the report.
内閣総理大臣は、第一項から第四項までの規定による報告を受けたときは、当該報告に係る事項を中央防災会議に通報するものとする。
Section 2 Transmission of Alarms
第二節 警報の伝達等
Article 54Discoverer's Duty to Notify
第五十四条(発見者の通報義務等)
Any person having detected an unusual event which is likely to lead to a disaster must notify without delay the mayor of a municipality, the police officer, or coast guard officer to that effect.
災害が発生するおそれがある異常な現象を発見した者は、遅滞なく、その旨を市町村長又は警察官若しくは海上保安官に通報しなければならない。
Every person must cooperate so that the notification prescribed in the preceding paragraph may reach appropriate authorities as soon as possible.
何人も、前項の通報が最も迅速に到達するように協力しなければならない。
Upon receipt of the notification under paragraph (1), the police or coast guard officer must promptly notify the mayor of a municipality to that effect.
第一項の通報を受けた警察官又は海上保安官は、その旨をすみやかに市町村長に通報しなければならない。
Upon receipt of the notification prescribed in paragraph (1) or the preceding paragraph, the mayor of a municipality must notify the Japan Meteorological Agency or any other related organs to that effect pursuant to the provisions of the area disaster management plan.
Article 55Prefectural Governor's Notification
第五十五条(都道府県知事の通知等)
When the prefectural governor has received from the Meteorological Agency or any other agency of the State a notification of a forecast or an alarm of a disaster pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations, or when that governor has issued an alarm pertaining to a disaster, as provided for by laws and regulations or under an area disaster management plan, that governor is to make necessary notification or requests to the head of a relevant designated local administrative organ, designated local public corporations, the mayor of a municipality concerned, and other parties concerned in regard to the anticipated conditions of the disaster and measures to be taken in response.
Article 56Mayor's Transmission of Alarm and Warning
第五十六条(市町村長の警報の伝達及び警告)
When the mayor of a municipality has received a notification of a forecast or an alarm of a disaster as provided for by laws and regulations, when the mayor has independently learned of a forecast or an alarm of a disaster, when the mayor has issued an alarm pertaining to a disaster as provided for by laws and regulations, or when the mayor has received the notification prescribed in the preceding Article, the mayor must transmit the matters concerning the forecast, alarm, or notification to related organs, residents, and any other related public or private groups pursuant to the provisions of the area disaster management plan. In this case, when found necessary, the mayor may issue a necessary notification or alarm to residents and any other public or private groups in regard to the anticipated conditions of the disaster and measures to be taken in response to prepare for evacuation for refuge.
In issuing a necessary notification or alarm pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the mayor of a municipality must provide necessary information to and take other necessary consideration regarding persons requiring special care in order to ensure their smooth and prompt evacuation.
Article 57Priority Use of Communications Facilities for the Transmission of Alarm
第五十七条(警報の伝達等のための通信設備の優先利用等)
In cases where a notification, request, transmission, or alarm under the preceding two Articles requires urgency, when there is a special necessity for its communication, as provided for by Cabinet Order except as otherwise provided for by other laws, the prefectural governor or the mayor of a municipality may preferentially use the telecommunications facilities that the telecommunications carriers prescribed in Article 2, item (v) of the Telecommunications Business Act (Act No. 86 of 1984) use for business purposes, use the wire telecommunications facilities or radio facilities installed by persons set forth in Article 3, paragraph (4), item (iv) of the Wire Telecommunications Act (Act No. 96 of 1953), request the key broadcasters prescribed in Article 2, item (xxiii) of the Broadcast Act (Act No. 132 of 1950) to conduct the broadcast thereof, or request persons engaged in business activities provided for by Cabinet Order concerning the provision of information using the Internet to provide information using the Internet.
前二条の規定による通知、要請、伝達又は警告が緊急を要するものである場合において、その通信のため特別の必要があるときは、都道府県知事又は市町村長は、他の法律に特別の定めがある場合を除くほか、政令で定めるところにより、電気通信事業法(昭和五十九年法律第八十六号)第二条第五号に規定する電気通信事業者がその事業の用に供する電気通信設備を優先的に利用し、若しくは有線電気通信法(昭和二十八年法律第九十六号)第三条第四項第四号に掲げる者が設置する有線電気通信設備若しくは無線設備を使用し、又は放送法(昭和二十五年法律第百三十二号)第二条第二十三号に規定する基幹放送事業者に放送を行うことを求め、若しくはインターネットを利用した情報の提供に関する事業活動であつて政令で定めるものを行う者にインターネットを利用した情報の提供を行うことを求めることができる。
Section 3 Precautionary Measures and Evacuation
第三節 事前措置及び避難
Article 58Mayor's Orders for Action
第五十八条(市町村長の出動命令等)
When a disaster is likely to occur, as provided for by laws and regulations or under the municipal area disaster management plan, the mayor of a municipality must instruct a fire-fighting organ or a flood prevention unit to prepare for action or order it to mobilize, or must seek action by the persons responsible for emergency disaster control measures to prepare to take such necessary measures as mobilizing firefighters (except for the municipal officials), police or coast guard officers, or must request them to do so.
市町村長は、災害が発生するおそれがあるときは、法令又は市町村地域防災計画の定めるところにより、消防機関若しくは水防団に出動の準備をさせ、若しくは出動を命じ、又は消防吏員(当該市町村の職員である者を除く。)、警察官若しくは海上保安官の出動を求める等災害応急対策責任者に対し、応急措置の実施に必要な準備をすることを要請し、若しくは求めなければならない。
Article 59Mayor's Precautionary Steps
第五十九条(市町村長の事前措置等)
When a disaster is likely to occur, the mayor of a municipality may instruct the occupant, owner, or administrator of equipment or an object which is found likely to spread the disaster if it occurred to remove, keep in a safe space, or take any other necessary measures regarding the equipment or object to the extent it is necessary to prevent the spread of the disaster.
市町村長は、災害が発生するおそれがあるときは、災害が発生した場合においてその災害を拡大させるおそれがあると認められる設備又は物件の占有者、所有者又は管理者に対し、災害の拡大を防止するため必要な限度において、当該設備又は物件の除去、保安その他必要な措置をとることを指示することができる。
At the request of the mayor of a municipality, the chief of a police station, or the chief of an office of regional coast guard headquarters provided for by Cabinet Order (hereinafter referred to as "chief of a police station and others" in this paragraph and Articles 64 and 66) may issue orders prescribed in the preceding paragraph. In this case, when the orders prescribed in the same paragraph have been issued, the chief of a police station and others must immediately notify the mayor of a municipality to that effect.
disastermachine translation
「災害」
Damage caused by a storm, tornado, heavy rain or snow, flood, slope failure, debris flow, storm surge, earthquake, tsunami, soil liquefaction, volcanic eruption, landslide or other abnormal natural phenomenon, or by a large fire or explosion or another cause that a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies as causing damage on a similar scale.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies throughout the law
disaster managementmachine translation
「防災」
Preventing disasters before they happen, stopping the damage from spreading once one strikes, and recovering from a disaster and rebuilding after it.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (ii)· applies throughout the law
designated administrative organs
「指定行政機関」
The national administrative organs the Prime Minister designates from among the Cabinet Office (内閣府), the Imperial Household Agency, the Digital Agency, the Disaster Management Agency, the ministries, commissions and agencies, and the councils, facilities, special organs and other bodies set up under them.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (iii)· applies throughout the law
designated local administrative organs
「指定地方行政機関」
The local branch offices of designated administrative organs, and other local administrative organs of the State, that the Prime Minister designates.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (iv)· applies throughout the law
designated public corporations
「指定公共機関」
Incorporated administrative agencies, the Bank of Japan, the Japanese Red Cross Society, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) and other public institutions, and corporations running public utilities such as electricity, gas, transport and telecommunications, that the Prime Minister designates.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (v)· applies throughout the law
designated local public corporations
「指定地方公共機関」
Local incorporated administrative agencies, port authorities, land improvement districts and other managers of public facilities, and corporations running public utilities such as electricity, gas, transport and telecommunications in a prefecture, that the governor of that prefecture designates.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (vi)· applies throughout the law
disaster management plans
「防災計画」
The basic disaster management plan, the disaster management operation plans and the area disaster management plans.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (vii)· applies throughout the law
area disaster management plancorrected by this site
「地域防災計画」
A disaster management plan for a particular area: the plan for a prefecture made by its prefectural disaster management council, the plan for a municipality made by its municipal disaster management council or mayor, and the plans for areas spanning two or more prefectures or municipalities made by joint committees of their councils.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies throughout the law
persons requiring special care
「要配慮者」
Older people, people with disabilities, infants and others who need special care.
Short name set inArticle 8, paragraph (2), item (xvii)
specified disastermachine translation
「特定災害」
A disaster smaller than an extraordinary disaster (非常災害) that puts people's lives or bodies in imminent danger and for which, given the state of the area and other circumstances, there is found to be a special need to push forward emergency disaster control measures; the Prime Minister may set up a specified disaster management headquarters in the Disaster Management Agency for it.
Short name set inArticle 23-3, paragraph (1)
persons responsible for emergency disaster control measures
「災害応急対策責任者」
The heads of designated administrative organs and designated local administrative organs, the heads and other executive organs of local governments, designated public corporations and designated local public corporations, public organizations, and the managers of facilities important for disaster management, as the bodies responsible for emergency disaster control measures.
Short name set inArticle 51, paragraph (1)
chief of a police station and others
「警察署長等」
In Article 59, paragraph (2) and Articles 64 and 66, the chief of a police station, or the head of an office of a regional coast guard headquarters that a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies.
Short name set inArticle 59, paragraph (2)· applies only in this paragraph and in Articles 64 and 66
chief of a police station
警察署長
The head of a police station (警察署). The Police Act (警察法) divides each prefecture's area into districts, each served by a police station, and places a chief in every station (Police Act, Article 53, paragraphs (1) and (2)). Under the direction and supervision of the officers above the station in the prefectural police — the Superintendent General (警視総監) of Tokyo's police, the chief of a prefectural police headquarters (警察本部長), or, in Hokkaido, a district headquarters chief (方面本部長), among others — the chief handles police work within the station's district and directs and supervises the station's police officials (Article 53, paragraph (3); Articles 48 and 51). Under the Road Traffic Act, a person who means to work on a road, put up a structure or a fixed stall on it, or use it in another way the prefectural public safety commission (公安委員会) has listed as greatly affecting traffic, needs the permission of the chief of the police station for that place (Road Traffic Act, Article 77, paragraph (1)). Under the Lost Property Act, a finder must promptly return a found item to its owner or hand it in to a police station chief, and must hand in items that are illegal to possess or appear to have been held by a criminal (Lost Property Act, Article 4, paragraph (1)); something found inside a facility such as a station or shop goes to the facility's operator instead (Article 4, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Police Act, Arts. 48, 51, 53, Road Traffic Act, Art. 77 and Lost Property Act, Art. 4 as a reference.
Prime Minister
内閣総理大臣
The head of the Cabinet. Designated by the Diet from among its own members, and appointed by the Emperor on that designation (Articles 67 and 6). The Prime Minister appoints and may dismiss the other Ministers of State at will, and a majority of them must be members of the Diet (Article 68). No Minister of State can be subjected to legal action while in office without the Prime Minister's consent (Article 75).
Written by AI using Constitution, Arts. 6, 67, 68, 75 and Wikipedia: Prime Minister of Japan as a reference.