Article 35-3-17Restriction on the Cancellation of a Contract
第三十五条の三の十七(契約の解除等の制限)
In the event of an unperformed obligation to pay the amount to be paid that is prescribed in Article 35-3-8, item (iii) pursuant to a contract providing the receipt of monies subject to the intermediation of individual credit purchases, the individual credit purchase intermediary may not cancel the contract, or demand the payment of amounts to be paid that are not yet due, on the grounds of a delay in the payment of an amount to be paid, unless it makes a written demand for this to be paid within a reasonable period of not less than twenty days, and the obligation is not performed within the period.
個別信用購入あつせん業者は、個別信用購入あつせん関係受領契約について第三十五条の三の八第三号に定める支払分の支払の義務が履行されない場合において、二十日以上の相当な期間を定めてその支払を書面で催告し、その期間内にその義務が履行されないときでなければ、支払分の支払の遅滞を理由として、契約を解除し、又は支払時期の到来していない支払分の支払を請求することができない。
Any special provisions of a contract that run counter to the provisions of the preceding paragraph are void.
前項の規定に反する特約は、無効とする。
Article 35-3-18Restriction on the Amount of Damages Accompanying the Cancellation of a Contract
第三十五条の三の十八(契約の解除等に伴う損害賠償等の額の制限)
In the event that a contract providing the receipt of monies subject to the intermediation of individual credit purchases is cancelled (unless the contract is cancelled pursuant to the provisions of the main clause of Article 35-3-10, paragraph (1); Article 35-3-11, paragraph (1), paragraph (2), or the main clause of paragraph (3); or the main clause of Article 35-3-12, paragraph (1)), even if the contract has provisions stating liquidated damages or the penalty for breach of contract, the individual credit purchase intermediary may not demand that the purchaser or service recipient pay an amount of money that exceeds the amount that corresponds to the total amount payable under the contract plus the amount of delay damages for this based on the applicable statutory interest rate.
個別信用購入あつせん業者は、個別信用購入あつせん関係受領契約が解除された場合(第三十五条の三の十第一項本文、第三十五条の三の十一第一項、第二項若しくは第三項本文又は第三十五条の三の十二第一項本文の規定により解除された場合を除く。)には、損害賠償額の予定又は違約金の定めがあるときにおいても、当該契約に係る支払総額に相当する額にこれに対する法定利率による遅延損害金の額を加算した金額を超える額の金銭の支払を購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者に対して請求することができない。
In the event of an unperformed obligation to pay the amount to be paid that is referred to in Article 35-3-8, item (iii) pursuant to the contract referred to in the preceding paragraph (excluding if that contract is cancelled), even if the contract has provisions stating liquidated damages or the penalty for breach of contract, the individual credit purchase intermediary may not demand that the purchaser or service recipient pay money that exceeds the amount that corresponds to the total amount payable under the contract less the amount to be paid referred to in that item that has already been paid, plus the amount of delay damages for this based on the applicable statutory interest rate.
個別信用購入あつせん業者は、前項の契約について第三十五条の三の八第三号の支払分の支払の義務が履行されない場合(契約が解除された場合を除く。)には、損害賠償額の予定又は違約金の定めがあるときにおいても、当該契約に係る支払総額に相当する額から既に支払われた同号の支払分の額を控除した額にこれに対する法定利率による遅延損害金の額を加算した金額を超える額の金銭の支払を購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者に対して請求することができない。
Article 35-3-19Affirmative Defense Against an Individual Credit Purchase Intermediary
第三十五条の三の十九(個別信用購入あつせん業者に対する抗弁)
If a purchaser or service recipient receives a demand to pay the amount to be paid as referred to in Article 35-3-8, item (iii) pursuant to a contract for sales involving the intermediation of individual credit purchases or a contract for services involving the intermediation of individual credit purchases, the purchaser or service recipient may assert an affirmative defense against the individual credit purchase intermediary demanding the payment, based on grounds that have arisen against the seller affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchases or the service provider affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchases under that contract.
購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者は、個別信用購入あつせん関係販売契約又は個別信用購入あつせん関係役務提供契約に係る第三十五条の三の八第三号の支払分の支払の請求を受けたときは、当該契約に係る個別信用購入あつせん関係販売業者又は個別信用購入あつせん関係役務提供事業者に対して生じている事由をもつて、当該支払の請求をする個別信用購入あつせん業者に対抗することができる。
Any special provisions of a contract that run counter to the provisions of the preceding paragraph and that are disadvantageous to the purchaser or service recipient are void.
前項の規定に反する特約であつて購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者に不利なものは、無効とする。
If a purchaser or service recipient that asserts an affirmative defense against an individual credit purchase intermediary under the provisions of paragraph (1), is requested by the individual credit purchase intermediary to submit a document stating the details of the grounds referred to in that paragraph in connection with that assertion, the purchaser or service recipient must endeavor to submit that document.
第一項の規定による対抗をする購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者は、その対抗を受けた個別信用購入あつせん業者からその対抗に係る同項の事由の内容を記載した書面の提出を求められたときは、その書面を提出するよう努めなければならない。
The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs do not apply to the payment of an amount to be paid as referred to in paragraph (1) that represents a payment toward the total amount payable which is less than the amount specified by Cabinet Order.
Article 35-3-20Measures Concerning Business Operations
第三十五条の三の二十(業務の運営に関する措置)
An individual credit purchase intermediary, pursuant to the provisions of Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Cabinet Office Order, must take the necessary measures to properly handle information about purchasers and service recipients that it acquires in the course of its services in the intermediation of individual credit purchases, to ensure the proper performance of its services in the intermediation of individual credit purchases if it entrusts those services to a third party, to properly perform its services in light of the knowledge, experience, and financial condition of the purchaser or service recipient and the purpose for which the contract providing the receipt of monies subject to the intermediation of individual credit purchases is concluded, and to appropriately and promptly process complaints from purchasers and service recipients, in order to protect the interests of purchasers and service recipients.
個別信用購入あつせん業者は、購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者の利益の保護を図るため、経済産業省令・内閣府令で定めるところにより、その個別信用購入あつせんの業務に関して取得した購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者に関する情報の適正な取扱い、その個別信用購入あつせんの業務を第三者に委託する場合における当該業務の適確な遂行、その購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者の知識、経験、財産の状況及び個別信用購入あつせん関係受領契約を締結する目的に照らして適切な業務の実施並びにその購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者からの苦情の適切かつ迅速な処理のために必要な措置を講じなければならない。
Article 35-3-21Improvement Orders
第三十五条の三の二十一(改善命令)
If the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry finds an individual credit purchase intermediary to be in violation of the provisions of the main clause of paragraph (1) of Article 35-3-3; paragraph (3) or paragraph (4) of that Article; the main clause of Article 35-3-4; Article 35-3-5; the main clause of Article 35-3-7; Article 35-3-10, paragraph (4); Article 35-3-11, paragraph (6); the preceding Article; Articles 35-3-56 through 35-3-58; or Article 35-3-59, paragraph (1), the minister, within the scope that it is necessary, may order to the individual credit purchase intermediary to take the necessary measures to improve the business operations that are connected with the intermediation of individual credit purchases.
経済産業大臣は、個別信用購入あつせん業者が第三十五条の三の三第一項本文、第三項若しくは第四項、第三十五条の三の四本文、第三十五条の三の五、第三十五条の三の七本文、第三十五条の三の十第四項、第三十五条の三の十一第六項、前条、第三十五条の三の五十六から第三十五条の三の五十八まで又は第三十五条の三の五十九第一項の規定に違反していると認めるときは、その必要の限度において、当該個別信用購入あつせん業者に対し、個別信用購入あつせんに係る業務の運営を改善するため必要な措置をとるべきことを命ずることができる。
If an individual credit purchase intermediary violates the provisions of the main clause of paragraph (1) of Article 35-3-3; paragraph (3) or paragraph (4) of that Article; the main clause of Article 35-3-4; Article 35-3-5; the main clause of Article 35-3-7; or the preceding Article, before the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry seeks to issue an order under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the minister must consult with the Prime Minister.
経済産業大臣は、個別信用購入あつせん業者が第三十五条の三の三第一項本文、第三項若しくは第四項、第三十五条の三の四本文、第三十五条の三の五、第三十五条の三の七本文又は前条の規定に違反している場合において、前項の規定による命令をしようとするときは、あらかじめ、内閣総理大臣に協議しなければならない。
If an individual credit purchase intermediary violates the provisions of the main clause of paragraph (1) of Article 35-3-3; paragraph (3) or paragraph (4) of that Article; the main clause of Article 35-3-4; Article 35-3-5; the main clause of Article 35-3-7; or the preceding Article, and the Prime Minister finds it to be necessary to protect the interests of the purchasers or service recipients, the minister may state a necessary opinion concerning the order under paragraph (1) to the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry.
内閣総理大臣は、個別信用購入あつせん業者が第三十五条の三の三第一項本文、第三項若しくは第四項、第三十五条の三の四本文、第三十五条の三の五、第三十五条の三の七本文又は前条の規定に違反している場合において、購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者の利益を保護するため必要があると認めるときは、経済産業大臣に対し、第一項の規定による命令に関し、必要な意見を述べることができる。
Article 35-3-22Means of Using Information and Communications Technology
第三十五条の三の二十二(情報通信の技術を利用する方法)
With the consent of the purchaser or service recipient and pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Order, in lieu of delivering a document under the provisions of Article 35-3-8, or Article 35-3-9, paragraph (1) or paragraph (3), the seller affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchases, the service provider affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchases, or the individual credit purchase intermediary may provide the purchaser or service recipient with the matters that are required to be stated in the document through electronic or magnetic means. In doing so, the seller affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchases, the service provider affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchases, or the individual credit purchase intermediary is deemed to have delivered the relevant document.
個別信用購入あつせん関係販売業者若しくは個別信用購入あつせん関係役務提供事業者又は個別信用購入あつせん業者は、第三十五条の三の八又は第三十五条の三の九第一項若しくは第三項の規定による書面の交付に代えて、政令で定めるところにより、当該購入者又は当該役務の提供を受ける者の承諾を得て、当該書面に記載すべき事項を電磁的方法により提供することができる。この場合において、当該個別信用購入あつせん関係販売業者若しくは当該個別信用購入あつせん関係役務提供事業者又は当該個別信用購入あつせん業者は、当該書面を交付したものとみなす。
If the matters that are required to be stated in a document are provided by the means provided for in the first sentence of the preceding paragraph (excluding a means specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Cabinet Office Order) in lieu of the document under the provisions of Article 35-3-9, paragraph (1) or paragraph (3) being delivered, the document is deemed to have reached the purchaser or service recipient when the matters are recorded in a file that is stored on a computer used by the purchaser or service recipient.
前項前段に規定する方法(経済産業省令・内閣府令で定める方法を除く。)により第三十五条の三の九第一項又は第三項の規定による書面の交付に代えて行われた当該書面に記載すべき事項の提供は、購入者又は役務の提供を受ける者の使用に係る電子計算機に備えられたファイルへの記録がされた時に当該購入者又は当該役務の提供を受ける者に到達したものとみなす。
Subsection 2 Registration of Individual Credit Purchase Intermediaries
第二款 個別信用購入あつせん業者の登録等
Article 35-3-23Registration of Individual Credit Purchase Intermediaries
第三十五条の三の二十三(個別信用購入あつせん業者の登録)
It is prohibited for any person other than a corporation registered in the individual credit purchase intermediary register maintained at the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (referred to below as a "registered individual credit purchase intermediary") to engage in the intermediation of individual credit purchases in the course of trade; provided, however, that this does not apply to the organizations stated in Article 35-3-60, paragraph (2), item (iv).
個別信用購入あつせんは、経済産業省に備える個別信用購入あつせん業者登録簿に登録を受けた法人(以下「登録個別信用購入あつせん業者」という。)でなければ、業として営んではならない。ただし、第三十五条の三の六十第二項第四号の団体については、この限りでない。
Article 35-3-24Application for Registration
第三十五条の三の二十四(登録の申請)
A person seeking to be registered as referred to in the preceding Article must submit an application to the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, stating the following matters:
前条の登録を受けようとする者は、次の事項を記載した申請書を経済産業大臣に提出しなければならない。
its name;
名称
the names and locations of its principal office and business offices;
本店その他の営業所の名称及び所在地
the amount of total assets minus total liabilities; and
資産の合計額から負債の合計額を控除した額
The articles of incorporation, a certificate of registered information, and the documents specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry must accompany the application referred to in the preceding paragraph; provided, however, that the certificate of registered information may be omitted if so, specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
前項の申請書には、定款、登記事項証明書その他経済産業省令で定める書類を添付しなければならない。ただし、経済産業省令で定める場合は、登記事項証明書の添付を省略することができる。
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the articles of incorporation have been created in the form of an electronic or magnetic record, the electronic or magnetic record (limited to one as specified by Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) may accompany the application in lieu of a paper document.
Article 35-3-25Registration and Notice
第三十五条の三の二十五(登録及びその通知)
Whenever there is an application for registration under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry must register the matters stated in the items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article and the date of registration in the individual credit purchase intermediary register, unless the minister refuses to effect a registration, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the following Article.
Once the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry effects a registration as referred to in Article 35-3-23, the minister must notify the applicant for the registration of this without delay.
経済産業大臣は、第三十五条の三の二十三の登録をしたときは、遅滞なく、その旨を当該登録の申請をした者に通知しなければならない。
intermediation of individual credit purchase
「個別信用購入あつせん」
Without using a card or similar means (カード等), paying a particular seller or service provider all or part of the price of goods, designated rights (指定権利) or services it sells or provides to a purchaser, and collecting that amount from the purchaser by set dates — except where it is all collected by a set date within two months of the purchase contract.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (4)· applies throughout the law
electronic or magnetic means
「電磁的方法」
A way of providing information by an electronic data processing system or other information and communications technology, of a kind an Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Cabinet Office Order (経済産業省令・内閣府令) specifies, which a business may use with the customer's consent instead of handing over a document.
Short name set inArticle 4-2, paragraph (1)
electronic or magnetic record
「電磁的記録」
A record made in electronic, magnetic or any other form people cannot perceive directly, for use in computer processing.
Defined inArticle 12, paragraph (3)
officermachine translation
「役員」
In Sections 1 and 2 of Chapter III and Section 2 of Chapter III-4, a member who executes the business, a director, an executive officer or an equivalent person of a corporation, including anyone, whatever their title, an Order of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (経済産業省令) recognizes as having at least as much control over the corporation as they do.
Defined inArticle 32, paragraph (1), item (iv)· applies only in this section and in Chapter 3, Section 2; and Chapter 3-4, Section 2
individual credit purchase intermediarymachine translation
「個別信用購入あつせん業者」
A person whose business is the intermediation of individual credit purchases (個別信用購入あつせん).
Short name set inArticle 35-3-2, paragraph (1)
service provider affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchasesmachine translation
「個別信用購入あつせん関係役務提供事業者」
A service provider that has made a contract for the intermediation of individual credit purchases (個別信用購入あつせん) with an individual credit purchase intermediary (個別信用購入あつせん業者).
Short name set inArticle 35-3-2, paragraph (1)
seller affiliated with the intermediation of individual credit purchasesmachine translation
「個別信用購入あつせん関係販売業者」
A seller that has made a contract for the intermediation of individual credit purchases (個別信用購入あつせん) with an individual credit purchase intermediary (個別信用購入あつせん業者).
Short name set inArticle 35-3-2, paragraph (1)
total amount payablemachine translation
「支払総額」
In Section 2 of Chapter III, the total a purchaser or service recipient pays: the price of the goods, rights or services when sold or provided through the intermediation of individual credit purchases (個別信用購入あつせん), plus the fee for that intermediation.
Defined inArticle 35-3-2, paragraph (1), item (ii)· applies only in this section
contract providing the receipt of monies subject to the intermediation of individual credit purchasesmachine translation
「個別信用購入あつせん関係受領契約」
A contract under which an individual credit purchase intermediary (個別信用購入あつせん業者) is to receive from the purchaser or service recipient an amount equal to the price of goods or designated rights (指定権利) bought, or services received, through the intermediation of individual credit purchases — the purchaser's credit contract with the intermediary.
Short name set inArticle 35-3-3, paragraph (1)
contract for services involving the intermediation of individual credit purchasesmachine translation
「個別信用購入あつせん関係役務提供契約」
A contract to provide services that are paid for through the intermediation of individual credit purchases (個別信用購入あつせん).
Short name set inArticle 35-3-5, paragraph (1)
contract for sales involving the intermediation of individual credit purchasesmachine translation
「個別信用購入あつせん関係販売契約」
A contract to sell goods or designated rights (指定権利) that are paid for through the intermediation of individual credit purchases (個別信用購入あつせん).
Short name set inArticle 35-3-5, paragraph (1)
registered individual credit purchase intermediary
「登録個別信用購入あつせん業者」
A corporation registered in the individual credit purchase intermediary register kept at the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry; apart from the bodies Article 35-3-60, paragraph (2), item (iv) refers to, only such a corporation may carry on the intermediation of individual credit purchases (個別信用購入あつせん) as a business.
Short name set inArticle 35-3-23, paragraph (1)
articles of incorporation
定款
A company's own basic rules, written by its founders when it is formed: at least its purpose, its trade name, where its head office is, the value of the property contributed at incorporation and who the founders are (Companies Act, Article 27). A stock company's must be certified by a notary before it takes effect (Article 30, paragraph (1)), and can later be changed by a resolution of the shareholders meeting (Article 466). Many rules in the Act apply "unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise", so a company's articles decide a great deal of how the Act applies to it.
Written by AI using Companies Act, Arts. 26, 27, 30, 466, 575 as a reference.
assert against
対抗
To be able to rely on a right, or on a fact about it, against someone who is not a party to it. Acquiring, losing or changing a right in rem (物権) in land or a building cannot be asserted against third parties until it is registered (登記) (Civil Code, Article 177), and a registered lease of land or a building can be asserted against a person who acquires a right in rem in it, such as a buyer, and against other third parties (Article 605). The Act on Land and Building Leases lets a tenant do without registering the lease itself: a right to use land for a building (借地権) can be asserted against third parties once the tenant owns a registered building on the land (Article 10, paragraph (1)), and a building lease takes effect against anyone who later acquires a right in rem in the building, such as a new owner, once the building has been handed over (Article 31). Some rules protect only a third party who did not know: a rescission for fraud cannot be asserted against a third party who did not know of the fraud and was not careless in not knowing (善意でかつ過失がない) (Civil Code, Article 96, paragraph (3)).
Written by AI using Civil Code, Arts. 96, 177, 605 and Act on Land and Building Leases, Arts. 10, 31 as a reference.
cancellation
解除
Ending a contract by one party's notice to the other, where the contract or the law gives that party a right to cancel (Civil Code, Article 540, paragraph (1)). The Civil Code lets a party cancel for the other's failure to perform: after a demand to perform within a reasonable time that is not met, unless what is still missing is minor (Article 541), or at once where performance has become wholly impossible, or the other party has clearly refused to perform, among other cases where performance clearly will not come (Article 542, paragraph (1)). On cancellation each party must put the other back in the position before the contract, and damages can still be claimed (Article 545, paragraphs (1) and (4)); a lease, though, ends only from then on (Article 620). Cancellation differs from rescission (取消し), after which the act is treated as void from the start (Article 121).
Written by AI using Civil Code, Arts. 121, 540, 541, 542, 545, 620 as a reference.
damages
損害賠償
Compensation for loss one person has caused another. A debtor who does not perform an obligation as it should be performed, or cannot perform it, must compensate the creditor for the loss that results, unless the failure comes from a cause the debtor is not responsible for, judged by the contract or other source of the obligation and by accepted views in dealings (Civil Code, Article 415, paragraph (1)); and a person who, intentionally or negligently, infringes another's rights or legally protected interests must compensate for the loss that results (Article 709). It is paid in money unless otherwise agreed (Articles 417 and 722, paragraph (1)), and the parties to a contract may agree in advance the amount due if it is not performed; a sum fixed for breach (違約金) is presumed to be such an agreement (Article 420, paragraphs (1) and (3)). The Consumer Contract Act makes void the part of such an amount in a consumer contract, for its cancellation, with any penalty added, above the average loss the business would suffer from the cancellation of consumer contracts of that kind, measured separately for each category the clause sets, such as the reason for and time of cancellation (Consumer Contract Act, Article 9, paragraph (1), item (i)).
Written by AI using Civil Code, Arts. 415, 417, 420, 709, 722 and Consumer Contract Act, Art. 9 as a reference.
Prime Minister
内閣総理大臣
The head of the Cabinet. Designated by the Diet from among its own members, and appointed by the Emperor on that designation (Articles 67 and 6). The Prime Minister appoints and may dismiss the other Ministers of State at will, and a majority of them must be members of the Diet (Article 68). No Minister of State can be subjected to legal action while in office without the Prime Minister's consent (Article 75).
Written by AI using Constitution, Arts. 6, 67, 68, 75 and Wikipedia: Prime Minister of Japan as a reference.
void
無効
Having no legal effect from the start. A void act does not take effect even if the parties later confirm it; confirming it knowing it is void counts as making a new act (Civil Code, Article 119). An act against public order or good morals is void (Article 90). Some Acts that protect one side make void a term that takes that protection away: a term of a land lease that is worse for the tenant than the Act on Land and Building Leases' rules on how long the lease lasts and how it is renewed (Article 9), a clause of a consumer contract that frees a business from all liability for damage its failure to perform causes the consumer (Consumer Contract Act, Article 8, paragraph (1), item (i)), or the part of a labor contract that falls short of the Labor Standards Act's standards, which the Act's standard replaces (Labor Standards Act, Article 13).
Written by AI using Civil Code, Arts. 90, 119, Act on Land and Building Leases, Art. 9, Consumer Contract Act, Art. 8 and Labor Standards Act, Art. 13 as a reference.