Article 15Priority of Pledges Established on or before the Statutory Due Date for Tax Payment, etc.
第十五条(法定納期限等以前に設定された質権の優先)
Where a taxpayer has established a pledge on the taxpayer's property, if the pledge was established on or before the statutory due date for tax payment of the national tax (for the national taxes listed in the following items, the day specified in each such item, and for accessory tax and expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure pertaining to such national tax, the day specified in each such item for the national tax that gave rise to their collection; hereinafter referred to as the "statutory due date for tax payment, etc."), that national tax is collected from the proceeds of realization next after the claim secured by the pledge.
National tax (including negligence tax) whose payable amount has been determined after the statutory due date for tax payment: the day on which the written notice of reassessment, written notice of determination or written notice of tax payment therefor was issued (for national tax under the self-assessment system that has been determined by a return, the day on which the return was filed);
National tax for which a demand under Article 38, paragraph (1) (Advance Demand) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (hereinafter referred to as an "advance demand") was made before the statutory due date for tax payment: the due date pertaining to that demand;
法定納期限前に国税通則法第三十八条第一項(繰上請求)の規定による請求(以下「繰上請求」という。)がされた国税 当該請求に係る期限
Income tax for the second period (meaning income tax payable in the second period prescribed in Article 104, paragraph (1) (Making Tax Prepayments) of the Income Tax Act (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 166 (Filing of Returns, Payment of Taxes, and Issuance of Refunds) of that Act; the same applies hereinafter in this item) under the provisions of that paragraph, and including income tax payable under the provisions of Article 115 (Special Provisions on the Deadlines for Making Tax Prepayments If the Taxpayer Will Become Absent From Japan) of that Act (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 166 of that Act) that is to be paid after the due date for payment of the income tax payable in the first period prescribed in Article 104, paragraph (1) of that Act): the due date for payment of the income tax payable in that first period;
Inheritance tax or gift tax for which the payable tax amount has been determined by reassessment or determination under Article 35, paragraph (2) (Special Provisions on Reassessment and Determination) of the Inheritance Tax Act: the day on which the written notice of reassessment or written notice of determination therefor was issued;
相続税法第三十五条第二項(更正及び決定の特則)の規定による更正又は決定により納付すべき税額が確定した相続税又は贈与税 その更正通知書又は決定通知書を発した日
Land value tax (excluding that paid by the statutory tax return due date prescribed in Article 2, item (vii) (Definitions) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (hereinafter in this item referred to as the "statutory tax return due date") and that listed in item (i)): the day on which the written notice of reassessment or written notice of determination therefor was issued (for that determined by a return, the day on which the return was filed (if that day is before the statutory tax return due date for the land value tax, that statutory tax return due date));
地価税(国税通則法第二条第七号(定義)に規定する法定申告期限(以下この号において「法定申告期限」という。)までに納付するもの及び第一号に掲げるものを除く。) その更正通知書又は決定通知書を発した日(申告により確定したものについては、その申告があつた日(その日が当該地価税の法定申告期限前である場合には、当該法定申告期限))
Revaluation tax whose determined tax amount is paid in two or more payment periods, and which is paid in a payment period after the first: the first due date for payment of that revaluation tax;
再評価税で確定した税額を二以上の納期において納付するもののうち最初の納期後の納期において納付する再評価税 その再評価税の最初の納期限
National tax listed in Article 15, paragraph (3), items (ii) through (iv) and item (vi) (Establishment of Tax Liability and Determination of the Payable Tax Amount) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (excluding that paid on or before the statutory due date for tax payment): the day on which the written notice of tax payment therefor was issued (for national tax paid after the statutory due date for tax payment without receiving notice of tax payment, the day on which the payment was made);
国税通則法第十五条第三項第二号から第四号まで及び第六号(納税義務の成立及びその納付すべき税額の確定)に掲げる国税(法定納期限以前に納付されたものを除く。) その納税告知書を発した日(納税の告知を受けることなく法定納期限後に納付された国税については、その納付があつた日)
National tax of which notice was given or which was notified under Article 24, paragraph (2) (Liability in Rem for Tax of a Holder of Property Transferred as Security) or Article 159, paragraph (3) (Preservative Seizure) (including where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 38, paragraph (4) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes): the day on which the written notice or notification under those provisions was issued;
第二十四条第二項(譲渡担保権者の物的納税責任)又は第百五十九条第三項(保全差押え)(国税通則法第三十八条第四項において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により告知し、又は通知した金額の国税 これらの規定による告知書又は通知書を発した日
National tax of a decedent (including a person who has made a comprehensive testamentary gift; the same applies hereinafter) collected from the heir's own property (including a comprehensive legatee; the same applies hereinafter), and the heir's own national tax collected from the inherited property (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day on which the inheritance (including a comprehensive testamentary gift; the same applies hereinafter) occurred (for national taxes listed in Article 15, paragraph (3), items (ii) through (iv) and item (vi) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, those for which the written notice of tax payment was issued before that day; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph)): the day on which the inheritance occurred;
相続人(包括受遺者を含む。以下同じ。)の固有の財産から徴収する被相続人(包括遺贈者を含む。以下同じ。)の国税及び相続財産から徴収する相続人の固有の国税(相続(包括遺贈を含む。以下同じ。)があつた日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したもの(国税通則法第十五条第三項第二号から第四号まで及び第六号に掲げる国税については、その日前に納税告知書を発したもの。以下この項において同じ。)に限る。) その相続があつた日
The own national tax of the corporation surviving after a merger or of another merged corporation pertaining to that merger, collected from the property that belonged to a corporation that ceased to exist by the merger (hereinafter referred to as a "merged corporation"), and the national tax of a merged corporation collected from the property of the corporation surviving after the merger (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day of the merger): the day of the merger;
合併により消滅した法人(以下「被合併法人」という。)に属していた財産から徴収する合併後存続する法人又は当該合併に係る他の被合併法人の固有の国税及び合併後存続する法人の固有の財産から徴収する被合併法人の国税(合併のあつた日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したものに限る。) その合併のあつた日
The own national tax of the splitting corporation collected from the property that has come to belong to the corporation that made the split (hereinafter in this item referred to as the "splitting corporation") upon finalization of a judgment invalidating that split, and the national tax of the splitting corporation pertaining to the obligation to pay jointly and severally prescribed in Article 9-2 (Joint and Several Obligation to Pay upon a Judgment Invalidating a Merger, etc. of a Corporation) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes, collected from the splitting corporation's own property (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day on which the judgment became final): the day on which the judgment became final;
分割を無効とする判決の確定により当該分割をした法人(以下この号において「分割法人」という。)に属することとなつた財産から徴収する分割法人の固有の国税及び分割法人の固有の財産から徴収する分割法人の国税通則法第九条の二(法人の合併等の無効判決に係る連帯納付義務)に規定する連帯して納付する義務に係る国税(当該判決が確定した日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したものに限る。) 当該判決が確定した日
The own national tax of the successor corporation in a company split (meaning a corporation that succeeded to a business by a split; hereinafter in this item referred to as the "successor corporation in a company split") collected from the property it succeeded from the corporation that made that split (hereinafter in this item referred to as "succeeded property"), the national tax pertaining to the successor corporation in a company split's joint and several liability for payment prescribed in Article 9-3 (Joint and Several Liability for Payment Related to a Corporate Split) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes (hereinafter in this item referred to as "joint and several liability for payment") collected from the own property of the successor corporation in a company split, and the national tax of another corporation that made a split pertaining to that split, which pertains to the successor corporation in a company split's joint and several liability for payment, collected from the succeeded property of the successor corporation in a company split (limited to those for which the payable tax amount was determined before the day of the split): the day of the split; and
分割により事業を承継した法人(以下この号において「分割承継法人」という。)の当該分割をした法人から承継した財産(以下この号において「承継財産」という。)から徴収する分割承継法人の固有の国税、分割承継法人の固有の財産から徴収する分割承継法人の国税通則法第九条の三(法人の分割に係る連帯納付の責任)に規定する連帯納付の責任(以下この号において「連帯納付責任」という。)に係る国税及び分割承継法人の承継財産から徴収する分割承継法人の連帯納付責任に係る当該分割に係る他の分割をした法人の国税(分割のあつた日前にその納付すべき税額が確定したものに限る。) その分割のあつた日
National tax payable as a secondary taxpayer or guarantor: the day on which the written payment notice under Article 32, paragraph (1) (General Rules on Secondary Tax Liability) or Article 52, paragraph (2) (Disposition of the Collateral and Enforcement of Guarantee) of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes was issued.
第二次納税義務者又は保証人として納付すべき国税 第三十二条第一項(第二次納税義務の通則)又は国税通則法第五十二条第二項(担保の処分)の納付通知書を発した日
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to a pledge other than a pledge that can be registered (including registration and the electronic record prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) (Definitions) of the Electronically Recorded Monetary Claims Act (Act No. 102 of 2007); the same applies hereinafter) only where the pledgee proves the fact of its establishment to the enforcement agency in a compulsory liquidation procedure. In this case, for a pledge other than a pledge whose object is securities, the proof must be made by means of the following documents:
Notarized deed;
公正証書
A private document bearing a dated seal affixed at a registry office or notary's office;
登記所又は公証人役場において日付のある印章が押されている私署証書
A document for which certification of contents has been received under Article 48, paragraph (1) (Certification of Contents) of the Postal Act (Act No. 165 of 1947);
郵便法(昭和二十二年法律第百六十五号)第四十八条第一項(内容証明)の規定により内容証明を受けた証書
A document delivered under Article 60, paragraph (4) (Preservation, etc. of Information Sufficient to Confirm the Identity of Information Recorded in Certified Electromagnetic Records) of the Notary Act (Act No. 53 of 1908) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 7, paragraph (1) (Application Mutatis Mutandis of the Provisions of the Notary Act) of the Act for Enforcement of the Civil Code (Act No. 11 of 1898).
民法施行法(明治三十一年法律第十一号)第七条第一項(公証人法の規定の準用)において準用する公証人法(明治四十一年法律第五十三号)第六十条第四項(認証を受けた電磁的記録に記録された情報の同一性を確認するに足りる情報の保存等)の規定により交付を受けた書面
A pledge proved under the items of the preceding paragraph is deemed, for the purpose of applying the provisions of paragraph (1), to have been established on the day that is deemed to be a fixed date under the provisions of Article 5 (Instruments with Fixed Date) of the Act for Enforcement of the Civil Code.
A person holding a pledge under paragraph (1) may not exercise priority against a subsequent pledgee who takes priority over the national tax under the provisions of paragraph (1), within the scope of the amount that ranks after the national tax because the person did not make the proof under paragraph (2).
Read this with the articles around it
national taxmachine translation
「国税」
A tax imposed by the national government, other than customs duty, tonnage tax, special tonnage tax, the forest environment tax and the special corporate business tax.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies throughout the law
accessory taxmachine translation
「附帯税」
The national taxes charged in addition to a tax: delinquent tax (延滞税), interest tax (利子税), and the penalty taxes for understatement, failure to file and non-payment, and the heavy penalty tax.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (iv)· applies throughout the law
taxpayermachine translation
「納税者」
A person liable under the national tax laws to pay a national tax other than tax collected by withholding (源泉徴収等による国税), and a person who must collect such withheld tax and pay it to the State.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (vi)· applies throughout the law
secondary taxpayermachine translation
「第二次納税義務者」
A person liable under Articles 33 to 41 to pay a taxpayer's national tax as a secondary tax liability (第二次納税義務).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (vii)· applies throughout the law
guarantormachine translation
「保証人」
A person who has guaranteed, under the national tax laws, a taxpayer's payment of a national tax.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (viii)· applies throughout the law
statutory due date for tax paymentmachine translation
「法定納期限」
The deadline the national tax laws set for paying a national tax, with special rules for tax on a late or amended return, tax notified after its deadline, tax collected at once when an event occurs, and accessory tax; a deadline that has been advanced, or extended by postponement or a grace period, does not count.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies throughout the law
compulsory liquidation proceduremachine translation
「強制換価手続」
Any procedure that sells a debtor's property by force: delinquent tax collection (滞納処分) and procedures run in the same way, compulsory execution, auction to enforce a security interest, enforcement of an enterprise mortgage (企業担保権) or of an enterprise value charge (企業価値担保権), and bankruptcy.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (xii)· applies throughout the law
enforcement agencymachine translation
「執行機関」
An enforcement agency as defined in Article 2 of the National Tax Collection Act: the administrative agency or other body carrying out a delinquent tax collection procedure (滞納処分), a court (or, in some small-claims enforcement, a court clerk), a court execution officer (執行官) or a bankruptcy trustee.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1), item (xiii)· applies throughout the law
proceeds of realizationmachine translation
「換価代金」
In Chapter II, the money to be distributed in a compulsory liquidation procedure (強制換価手続) carried out on a taxpayer's property.
Short name set inArticle 9, paragraph (1)· applies only in this chapter
statutory due date for tax payment, etc.machine translation
「法定納期限等」
The statutory due date for tax payment (法定納期限) of a national tax or, for the national taxes Article 15, paragraph 1 lists — such as tax settled after that date, tax demanded early, or tax of a deceased person or a merged or split corporation — the day each item sets, with accessory taxes and expenses for the delinquent tax collection procedure taking the day set for the tax they arise from; it is the date against which the priority of a pledge or other security over a national tax is judged.
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1)
advance demandmachine translation
「繰上請求」
A demand under Article 38, paragraph 1 of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes that a taxpayer pay a national tax before its due date.
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1), item (ii)
statutory tax return due datemachine translation
「法定申告期限」
In Article 15, paragraph 1, item 4-2, the statutory tax return due date as defined in Article 2, item 7 of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes: the deadline the national tax laws set for filing a tax return, here for land value tax (地価税).
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1), item (iv-2)· applies only in this item
merged corporationmachine translation
「被合併法人」
A corporation that ceased to exist in a merger.
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1), item (viii)
splitting corporationmachine translation
「分割法人」
In Article 15, paragraph 1, item 9, a corporation that made a company split (分割) which a judgment, now final, has declared void.
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1), item (ix)· applies only in this item
successor corporation in a company splitmachine translation
「分割承継法人」
In Article 15, paragraph 1, item 10, a corporation that took over a business in a company split (分割).
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies only in this item
succeeded propertymachine translation
「承継財産」
In Article 15, paragraph 1, item 10, the property that a corporation which took over a business in a company split (分割承継法人) received from the corporation that made the split.
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies only in this item
joint and several liability for paymentmachine translation
「連帯納付責任」
In Article 15, paragraph 1, item 10, the joint and several liability for payment, as Article 9-3 of the Act on General Rules for National Taxes provides, that a corporation which took over a business in a company split bears for the national taxes of the corporation that made the split.
Short name set inArticle 15, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies only in this item
notarial deed
公正証書
A document drawn up by a notary (公証人), a public officer appointed by the Minister of Justice, at the request of the people concerned (Notary Act, Articles 1 and 11). A notary will not draw one up for anything unlawful or void (Article 26). In the Act on Land and Building Leases it decides whether a lease can end without renewal: a contract for a land lease of 10 to under 50 years for a building used only for business must be made by notarial deed (Article 23, paragraph (3)), while the terms of a land lease of 50 years or more that rule out renewal, and a building lease with no renewal, need only be "in writing, such as a notarial deed" (Article 22, paragraph (1), and Article 38, paragraph (1)), so an ordinary written contract is enough for those two.
Written by AI using Notary Act, Arts. 1, 11, 26 and Act on Land and Building Leases, Arts. 22, 23, 38 as a reference.
registration
登記
Entry in a public register kept by a registry office (登記所) — a Legal Affairs Bureau or one of its branch offices — so that the matter is made public (Real Property Registration Act, Articles 1 and 6, paragraph (1)). Rights in land and buildings, such as ownership, a superficies (地上権), a statutory lien (先取特権), a mortgage and a right of lease (賃借権), can be registered under that Act (Article 3), and matters the Commercial Code, the Companies Act and other Acts require to be registered are registered under the Commercial Registration Act (Article 1). Registration also lets a right be asserted against third parties: acquiring, losing or changing a right in rem (物権) in land or a building, such as ownership, cannot be asserted against third parties until it is registered (Civil Code, Article 177), and a matter the Companies Act requires to be registered cannot be asserted against a third party who does not know of it until it has been registered, nor, even after that, against one who had a justifiable reason for not knowing of the registration (Companies Act, Article 908, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Real Property Registration Act, Arts. 1, 3, 6, Commercial Registration Act, Art. 1, Civil Code, Art. 177 and Companies Act, Art. 908 as a reference.