Chapter I General Rules
第一章 通則
第三百五十一条
The public prosecutor or the defendant may appeal.
検察官又は被告人は、上訴をすることができる。
When a case which has been committed to trial pursuant to the provisions of item (ii) of Article 266 has been tried jointly with other cases and a single decision has been rendered, the attorney who exercises the same function as a public prosecutor pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of Article 268 and the public prosecutor in charge of the other cases may appeal the decision independently.
第二百六十六条第二号の規定により裁判所の審判に付された事件と他の事件とが併合して審判され、一個の裁判があつた場合には、第二百六十八条第二項の規定により検察官の職務を行う弁護士及び当該他の事件の検察官は、その裁判に対し各々独立して上訴をすることができる。
第三百五十二条
A person, other than a public prosecutor or the defendant, who has had a ruling rendered against him/her may file a kokoku-appeal.
検察官又は被告人以外の者で決定を受けたものは、抗告をすることができる。
第三百五十三条
Changes on a date not yet set (Act No. 46 of 2026)
A statutory agent or a curator of the defendant may appeal for the defendant.
被告人の法定代理人又は保佐人は、被告人のため上訴をすることができる。
第三百五十四条
When the grounds for detention have been disclosed, the person who requested such disclosure may appeal the detention for the defendant. He/She may also appeal against a ruling for dismissal of such an appeal.
勾留に対しては、勾留の理由の開示があつたときは、その開示の請求をした者も、被告人のため上訴をすることができる。その上訴を棄却する決定に対しても、同様である。
第三百五十五条
The defendant's agent or defense counsel in the prior instance may appeal for the defendant.
原審における代理人又は弁護人は、被告人のため上訴をすることができる。
第三百五十六条
An appeal pursuant to the provisions of Articles 353 to 355 may not be filed contrary to the intent that the defendant has clearly indicated.
前三条の上訴は、被告人の明示した意思に反してこれをすることができない。
第三百五十七条
An appeal may be filed against a part of the decision. When an appeal is not limited to that against a part of such decision, it shall be deemed to be an appeal against the decision in its entirety.
上訴は、裁判の一部に対してこれをすることができる。部分を限らないで上訴をしたときは、裁判の全部に対してしたものとみなす。
第三百五十八条
The period of time during which an appeal may be filed shall begin from the day that the decision has been pronounced.
上訴の提起期間は、裁判が告知された日から進行する。
第三百五十九条
A public prosecutor, the defendant, or a person as set forth in the provisions of Article 352 may waive or withdraw an appeal.
検察官、被告人又は第三百五十二条に規定する者は、上訴の放棄又は取下をすることができる。
第三百六十条
Changes by (Act No. 39 of 2025)
A person as set forth in the provisions of Article 353 or Article 354 may waive or withdraw an appeal with the written consent of the defendant.
第三百六十条の二
An appeal against a judgment for the death penalty or imprisonment for life may not be waived, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 359 and Article 360.
死刑又は無期拘禁刑に処する判決に対する上訴は、前二条の規定にかかわらず、これを放棄することができない。
第三百六十条の三
A request to waive appeal shall be made in writing.
上訴放棄の申立は、書面でこれをしなければならない。
第三百六十一条
A person who has waived or withdrawn an appeal cannot appeal again. The same shall apply to a defendant who has consented to the waiver or withdrawal of an appeal.
上訴の放棄又は取下をした者は、その事件について更に上訴をすることができない。上訴の放棄又は取下に同意をした被告人も、同様である。
第三百六十二条
When a person who can appeal pursuant to the provisions of Article 351 through Article 355 was unable to appeal within the period of time in which an appeal could have been filed due to grounds not attributable to him/her or his/her representative, he/she can request the deciding court to restore the right to appeal.
第三百五十一条乃至第三百五十五条の規定により上訴をすることができる者は、自己又は代人の責に帰することができない事由によつて上訴の提起期間内に上訴をすることができなかつたときは、原裁判所に上訴権回復の請求をすることができる。
第三百六十三条
A request to restore the right to appeal shall be made within a period that starts from the day on which the grounds have ceased and that corresponds to the period for appeal.
上訴権回復の請求は、事由が止んだ日から上訴の提起期間に相当する期間内にこれをしなければならない。
A person who requests restoration of the right to appeal shall file an appeal at the same time as that request.
上訴権回復の請求をする者は、その請求と同時に上訴の申立をしなければならない。
第三百六十四条
An immediate appeal may be filed against a ruling on a request to restore the right to appeal.
上訴権回復の請求についてした決定に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。
第三百六十五条
When there is a request to restore the right to appeal, the deciding court can issue a ruling to stay the execution of its decision until it has issued a ruling as set forth in the provisions of Article 364. In this case, the court can issue a detention warrant against the defendant.
上訴権回復の請求があつたときは、原裁判所は、前条の決定をするまで裁判の執行を停止する決定をすることができる。この場合には、被告人に対し勾留状を発することができる。
第三百六十六条
Changes by (Act No. 39 of 2025)
When a defendant who is in a penal institution has submitted a written application for appeal to the warden of said penal institution or a representative thereof during the period for appeal, it shall be deemed that he/she has appealed during such time.
刑事施設にいる被告人が上訴の提起期間内に上訴の申立書を刑事施設の長又はその代理者に差し出したときは、上訴の提起期間内に上訴をしたものとみなす。
Changes by (Act No. 39 of 2025)
When the defendant cannot write an application by himself/herself, the warden of the penal institution or a representative thereof shall do so for him/her or shall have this done by an officer of the institution.
被告人が自ら申立書を作ることができないときは、刑事施設の長又はその代理者は、これを代書し、又は所属の職員にこれをさせなければならない。
第三百六十七条
The provisions of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to a case in which the defendant in a penal institution waives or withdraws an appeal, or requests restoration of the right to appeal.
前条の規定は、刑事施設にいる被告人が上訴の放棄若しくは取下げ又は上訴権回復の請求をする場合にこれを準用する。
No English for this paragraph yet.
削除
imprisonment
拘禁刑
The punishment of being held in a penal institution (刑事施設), for life or for a fixed term of one month to twenty years (Penal Code, Article 12, paragraphs (1) and (2)); a fixed term can be raised to thirty years where the punishment is aggravated, or cut below one month where it is reduced (Article 14, paragraph (2)). To help the person reform and rehabilitate, they may be made to do work or given guidance (Article 12, paragraph (3)). It ranks below the death penalty and above a fine (罰金) among the principal punishments (Articles 9 and 10, paragraph (1)). It replaced imprisonment with work (懲役) and imprisonment without work (禁錮) when the Act Partially Amending the Penal Code, etc. (Act No. 67 of 2022) came into force (Act No. 67 of 2022, Article 2), and a person sentenced to either is treated, for the rules on a person's qualifications, as sentenced to imprisonment for the same term (Act No. 68 of 2022, Article 443, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Penal Code, Arts. 9, 10, 12, 14, Act No. 67 of 2022, Art. 2 and Act No. 68 of 2022, Art. 443 as a reference.
public prosecutor
検察官
The official who brings a prosecution (公訴) for a crime before a court (Code of Criminal Procedure, Article 247), and who may decide not to prosecute where, in view of the offender's character, age and circumstances, the gravity and circumstances of the offence and what happened after it, prosecution is not needed (Article 248). In criminal cases a public prosecutor asks the court to apply the law correctly and oversees the carrying out of its judgments; and, as the representative of the public interest, a public prosecutor also does the work other laws and regulations assign to a public prosecutor, which is not limited to criminal cases (Public Prosecutors Office Act, Article 4). A public prosecutor may investigate any crime (Article 6, paragraph (1)). Public prosecutors work through the public prosecutors offices (検察庁): the Supreme, High, District and Local Public Prosecutors Offices (Article 1).
Written by AI using Code of Criminal Procedure, Arts. 247, 248 and Public Prosecutors Office Act, Arts. 1, 4, 6 as a reference.