第二百五十七条
Prosecution may be withdrawn up until the judgment of the first instance is rendered.
公訴は、第一審の判決があるまでこれを取り消すことができる。
第二百五十八条
Changes by (Act No. 39 of 2025)
Where a public prosecutor considers that the case does not come within the jurisdiction of the court corresponding to the public prosecutor's office, such case must be sent to a public prosecutor of the public prosecutor's office corresponding to the competent court together with the documents and articles of evidence.
検察官は、事件がその所属検察庁の対応する裁判所の管轄に属しないものと思料するときは、書類及び証拠物とともにその事件を管轄裁判所に対応する検察庁の検察官に送致しなければならない。
第二百五十九条
If a public prosecutor has made a disposition not to institute prosecution, the public prosecutor must promptly notify the suspect of this upon said suspect's request.
検察官は、事件につき公訴を提起しない処分をした場合において、被疑者の請求があるときは、速やかにその旨をこれに告げなければならない。
第二百六十条
If a public prosecutor has instituted prosecution or made a disposition not to institute prosecution regarding a case with respect to which a criminal complaint, accusation or claim has been filed, the public prosecutor must notify the person who filed the criminal complaint, accusation or claim promptly. This also applies to cases where a public prosecutor has withdrawn the prosecution or has sent the case to a public prosecutor of another public prosecutor's office.
検察官は、告訴、告発又は請求のあつた事件について、公訴を提起し、又はこれを提起しない処分をしたときは、速やかにその旨を告訴人、告発人又は請求人に通知しなければならない。公訴を取り消し、又は事件を他の検察庁の検察官に送致したときも、同様である。
第二百六十一条
If a public prosecutor has made a disposition not to institute prosecution regarding a case with respect to which a criminal complaint, accusation or claim has been filed, the public prosecutor must promptly notify the reason for the disposition upon the request of the person who filed the criminal complaint, accusation or claim.
検察官は、告訴、告発又は請求のあつた事件について公訴を提起しない処分をした場合において、告訴人、告発人又は請求人の請求があるときは、速やかに告訴人、告発人又は請求人にその理由を告げなければならない。
第二百六十二条
If a person who has filed a criminal complaint or accusation regarding an offense set forth in Articles 193 to 196 of the Penal Code, Article 45 of the Subversive Activities Prevention Act (Act No. 240 of 1952), or Article 42 or 43 of the Act on Regulation of Organizations Which Have Committed Indiscriminate Mass Murder (Act No. 147 of 1999) is dissatisfied with the disposition not to institute prosecution made by a public prosecutor, the complainant or accuser may request the district court which has jurisdiction over the location of the public prosecutor's office to which that public prosecutor belongs to commit the case to a court for trial.
刑法第百九十三条から第百九十六条まで又は破壊活動防止法(昭和二十七年法律第二百四十号)第四十五条若しくは無差別大量殺人行為を行った団体の規制に関する法律(平成十一年法律第百四十七号)第四十二条若しくは第四十三条の罪について告訴又は告発をした者は、検察官の公訴を提起しない処分に不服があるときは、その検察官所属の検察庁の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所に事件を裁判所の審判に付することを請求することができる。
Changes by (Act No. 39 of 2025)
The request set forth in the preceding paragraph must be made by submitting an application to the public prosecutor who made the disposition not to institute prosecution within 7 days from the day on which the notice set forth in Article 260 was received.
第二百六十三条
The request set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article may be withdrawn up until the decision set forth in Article 266 is rendered.
The person who made the withdrawal set forth in the preceding paragraph may not make any request set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article regarding the same case.
第二百六十四条
A public prosecutor must institute prosecution when said prosecutor deems the request set forth in Article 262, paragraph (1) to be reasonable.
検察官は、第二百六十二条第一項の請求を理由があるものと認めるときは、公訴を提起しなければならない。
第二百六十五条
A trial and decision regarding the request set forth in Article 262, paragraph (1) must be conducted and rendered by a panel.
第二百六十二条第一項の請求についての審理及び裁判は、合議体でこれをしなければならない。
The court may, when it is necessary, requisition a judge of a panel to investigate the facts, or commission a judge of a district or summary court to do so. In this case, an authorized judge or a commissioned judge has the same authority as a court or a presiding judge.
裁判所は、必要があるときは、合議体の構成員に事実の取調をさせ、又は地方裁判所若しくは簡易裁判所の裁判官にこれを嘱託することができる。この場合には、受命裁判官及び受託裁判官は、裁判所又は裁判長と同一の権限を有する。
第二百六十六条
A court must render a ruling according to the following classifications when it receives a request set forth in Article 262, paragraph (1):
裁判所は、第二百六十二条第一項の請求を受けたときは、左の区別に従い、決定をしなければならない。
where the request has been made contrary to the form provided in laws and regulations, or has been made after loss of the right to make the request or is groundless, it is dismissed;
請求が法令上の方式に違反し、若しくは請求権の消滅後にされたものであるとき、又は請求が理由のないときは、請求を棄却する。
where the request is well-grounded, the case is committed to the competent district court for trial.
請求が理由のあるときは、事件を管轄地方裁判所の審判に付する。
第二百六十七条
Where the decision set forth in item (ii) of the preceding Article has been rendered, prosecution regarding the case is deemed to have been instituted.
前条第二号の決定があつたときは、その事件について公訴の提起があつたものとみなす。
第二百六十七条の二
Where a court has rendered the decision set forth in Article 266, item (ii), notice to this effect must be given to the Committee for Inquest of Prosecution which is to conduct the inquest prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1), item (i) of the Act on Committee for Inquest of Prosecution (Act No. 147 of 1948) or the Committee for Inquest of Prosecution which made the decision for institution of prosecution under Article 41-6, paragraph (1) of the same Act (after appointment pursuant to Article 41-9, paragraph (1) of the same Act of a person who is to be responsible for institution and maintenance of prosecution, to such person), where there exists such a committee for the same case.
裁判所は、第二百六十六条第二号の決定をした場合において、同一の事件について、検察審査会法(昭和二十三年法律第百四十七号)第二条第一項第一号に規定する審査を行う検察審査会又は同法第四十一条の六第一項の起訴議決をした検察審査会(同法第四十一条の九第一項の規定により公訴の提起及びその維持に当たる者が指定された後は、その者)があるときは、これに当該決定をした旨を通知しなければならない。
第二百六十八条
Where a case has been committed to trial pursuant to the provisions of Article 266, item (ii), the court must appoint a person who maintains the prosecution of such case from among attorneys.
裁判所は、第二百六十六条第二号の規定により事件がその裁判所の審判に付されたときは、その事件について公訴の維持にあたる者を弁護士の中から指定しなければならない。
The attorney appointed as prescribed in the preceding paragraph exercises the same function as a public prosecutor in order to maintain the prosecution until the decision has become final and binding; provided however, that with regard to issuing orders to a public prosecutor's assistant officer or a judicial police official for investigation the appointed attorney must do so by commissioning a public prosecutor.
The attorney who exercises the same function as a public prosecutor pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is deemed to be an official engaged in public service in accordance with laws and regulations.
前項の規定により検察官の職務を行う弁護士は、これを法令により公務に従事する職員とみなす。
The court may cancel the appointment of the attorney set forth in paragraph (1) at any time if it finds that the attorney is not suitable to exercise the duties or there are any other special circumstances.
裁判所は、第一項の指定を受けた弁護士がその職務を行うに適さないと認めるときその他特別の事情があるときは、何時でもその指定を取り消すことができる。
The attorney appointed as set forth in paragraph (1) is given an allowance as provided in a Cabinet Order.
第一項の指定を受けた弁護士には、政令で定める額の手当を給する。
第二百六十九条
The court may, where the request set forth in Article 262, paragraph (1) is dismissed or withdrawn, order the person who made the request to compensate the whole or part of the costs arising from the procedures regarding the request on a ruling. An immediate appeal may be filed against such ruling.
裁判所は、第二百六十二条第一項の請求を棄却する場合又はその請求の取下があつた場合には、決定で、請求者に、その請求に関する手続によつて生じた費用の全部又は一部の賠償を命ずることができる。この決定に対しては、即時抗告をすることができる。
第二百七十条
Changes and moves to paragraph (2) by (Act No. 39 of 2025)
The public prosecutor may inspect and copy the documents and articles of evidence relating to trials after prosecution has been instituted.
検察官は、公訴の提起後は、訴訟に関する書類及び証拠物を閲覧し、及び謄写することができる。
Changes and moves to paragraph (3) by (Act No. 39 of 2025)
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the recording medium provided in Article 157-6, paragraph (5) may not be copied.
前項の規定にかかわらず、第百五十七条の六第五項に規定する記録媒体は、謄写することができない。
judicial police officialmachine translation
「司法警察職員」
Judicial police officers (司法警察員) and judicial police constables (司法巡査) together.
Defined inArticle 39, paragraph (3)
complaint
告訴
A crime's victim telling a public prosecutor or a judicial police officer (司法警察員) of the crime and asking that the offender be punished; the victim may file one (Code of Criminal Procedure, Articles 230 and 241, paragraph (1)). The victim's legal representative may also file one, and if the victim has died, their spouse, lineal relatives or siblings, though not against the victim's clearly stated wishes (Article 231). For some crimes — among them defamation and insult, and negligent injury — a prosecution cannot be brought without a complaint (Penal Code, Articles 209, paragraph (2), and 232, paragraph (1)); for those, a complaint must as a rule be filed within six months of learning who the offender is, though not one a foreign state's representative or a foreign envoy files over defamation or insult (Code of Criminal Procedure, Article 235), and it may be withdrawn until a prosecution is brought, but not filed again (Article 237).
Written by AI using Code of Criminal Procedure, Arts. 230, 231, 235, 237, 241 and Penal Code, Arts. 209, 232 as a reference.
public prosecutor
検察官
The official who brings a prosecution (公訴) for a crime before a court (Code of Criminal Procedure, Article 247), and who may decide not to prosecute where, in view of the offender's character, age and circumstances, the gravity and circumstances of the offence and what happened after it, prosecution is not needed (Article 248). In criminal cases a public prosecutor asks the court to apply the law correctly and oversees the carrying out of its judgments; and, as the representative of the public interest, a public prosecutor also does the work other laws and regulations assign to a public prosecutor, which is not limited to criminal cases (Public Prosecutors Office Act, Article 4). A public prosecutor may investigate any crime (Article 6, paragraph (1)). Public prosecutors work through the public prosecutors offices (検察庁): the Supreme, High, District and Local Public Prosecutors Offices (Article 1).
Written by AI using Code of Criminal Procedure, Arts. 247, 248 and Public Prosecutors Office Act, Arts. 1, 4, 6 as a reference.
summary court
簡易裁判所
One of the four kinds of lower court (下級裁判所) beneath the Supreme Court, with the high courts (高等裁判所), the district courts (地方裁判所) and the family courts (家庭裁判所) (Courts Act, Article 1, and Article 2, paragraph (1)). A summary court has jurisdiction at first instance over civil claims whose value does not exceed 1.4 million yen, other than claims in administrative cases, and over criminal cases for offences punishable by no more than a fine or for which a fine is one of the penalties the law allows, among others (Article 33, paragraph (1)). A petition for court mediation goes, unless a special rule says otherwise, to the summary court for the place where the other party lives or has its business office or other office, or to a district court or summary court the parties agree on (Civil Mediation Act, Article 3, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Courts Act, Arts. 1, 2, 33 and Civil Mediation Act, Art. 3 as a reference.