A carrier ceases to be liable for loss, damage, or delay if no claim is filed with the courts within one year from the day on which the goods are delivered (or, in the event of a total loss of goods, the day on which the goods should have been delivered).
The period referred to in the preceding paragraph may be extended by agreement only after damage has arisen as a result of the loss, damage, or delay.
If a carrier entrusts a third party with transportation, and the carrier provides compensation for loss or damage or has had a claim filed against it with the courts within the period referred to in paragraph (1), the period referred to in that paragraph concerning a third party's liability to the carrier is deemed to have been extended to the final day in the three-month period that begins on the day on which the carrier provided the compensation or had the claim filed against it.
Read this with the articles around it
carrier
「運送人」
A person whose business is undertaking land, marine or air transportation.
Defined inArticle 569, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies throughout the law
loss, damage, or delaymachine translation
「運送品の滅失等」
Loss of, damage to, or delay in the arrival of goods being carried.
Defined inArticle 578, paragraph (1)· applies only in this section