If two or more carriers transport goods or passengers over land in succession, the second or subsequent carrier bears the obligation to exercise the rights of the previous carrier on its behalf.
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, if the subsequent carrier pays the preceding carrier in full, the subsequent carrier acquires the rights of the previous carrier.
If, for the benefit of a shipper, a second carrier, in succession, undertakes a part of the land transportation that a first carrier has undertaken, these carriers are jointly and severally liable to compensate for loss or damage arising as a result of loss, damage, or delay.
The provisions of the preceding three paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to marine transportation and air transportation.
Read this with the articles around it
carrier
「運送人」
A person whose business is undertaking land, marine or air transportation.
Defined inArticle 569, paragraph (1), item (i)· applies throughout the law
land transportation
「陸上運送」
Carriage of goods or passengers on land.
Defined inArticle 569, paragraph (1), item (ii)· applies throughout the law
marine transportation
「海上運送」
Carriage of goods or passengers by a ship as defined in Article 684, including a non-seagoing vessel (非航海船) as defined in Article 747.
Defined inArticle 569, paragraph (1), item (iii)· applies throughout the law
air transportation
「航空運送」
Carriage of goods or passengers by an aircraft as defined in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Civil Aeronautics Act (Act No. 231 of 1952).
Defined inArticle 569, paragraph (1), item (iv)· applies throughout the law
loss, damage, or delaymachine translation
「運送品の滅失等」
Loss of, damage to, or delay in the arrival of goods being carried.
Defined inArticle 578, paragraph (1)· applies only in this section
damages
損害賠償
Compensation for loss one person has caused another. A debtor who does not perform an obligation as it should be performed, or cannot perform it, must compensate the creditor for the loss that results, unless the failure comes from a cause the debtor is not responsible for, judged by the contract or other source of the obligation and by accepted views in dealings (Civil Code, Article 415, paragraph (1)); and a person who, intentionally or negligently, infringes another's rights or legally protected interests must compensate for the loss that results (Article 709). It is paid in money unless otherwise agreed (Articles 417 and 722, paragraph (1)), and the parties to a contract may agree in advance the amount due if it is not performed; a sum fixed for breach (違約金) is presumed to be such an agreement (Article 420, paragraphs (1) and (3)). The Consumer Contract Act makes void the part of such an amount in a consumer contract, for its cancellation, with any penalty added, above the average loss the business would suffer from the cancellation of consumer contracts of that kind, measured separately for each category the clause sets, such as the reason for and time of cancellation (Consumer Contract Act, Article 9, paragraph (1), item (i)).
Written by AI using Civil Code, Arts. 415, 417, 420, 709, 722 and Consumer Contract Act, Art. 9 as a reference.