A judge is disqualified from execution of its duties when:
裁判官は、次に掲げる場合には、職務の執行から除斥される。
the judge is the victim;
裁判官が被害者であるとき。
the judge is or was a relative of the defendant or the victim;
裁判官が被告人又は被害者の親族であるとき、又はあつたとき。
Changes on a date not yet set (Act No. 46 of 2026)
the judge is a legal representative, supervisor of a guardian, curator, supervisor of a curator, assistant, or supervisor of an assistant for the defendant or the victim;
裁判官が被告人又は被害者の法定代理人、後見監督人、保佐人、保佐監督人、補助人又は補助監督人であるとき。
the judge has become a witness or an expert witness in the case;
裁判官が事件について証人又は鑑定人となつたとき。
the judge has become a representative, defense counsel or assistant for the defendant in the case;
裁判官が事件について被告人の代理人、弁護人又は補佐人となつたとき。
the judge has executed its duties of a public prosecutor or a judicial police officer in the case;
裁判官が事件について検察官又は司法警察員の職務を行つたとき。
Changes on a date not yet set (Act No. 46 of 2026)
with regard to the case, the judge has participated in a ruling prescribed in Article 266, item (ii), summary order or the decision of the lower court, or in the original judgment of a case which was sent back or transferred pursuant to the provisions of Articles 398 to 400, 412, or 413, or in the examination of evidence which formed the basis of such decisions; provided, however, that this does not apply when said judge participated as a delegated judge.
裁判官が事件について第二百六十六条第二号の決定、略式命令、前審の裁判、第三百九十八条乃至第四百条、第四百十二条若しくは第四百十三条の規定により差し戻し、若しくは移送された場合における原判決又はこれらの裁判の基礎となつた取調べに関与したとき。ただし、受託裁判官として関与した場合は、この限りでない。
public prosecutor
検察官
The official who brings a prosecution (公訴) for a crime before a court (Code of Criminal Procedure, Article 247), and who may decide not to prosecute where, in view of the offender's character, age and circumstances, the gravity and circumstances of the offence and what happened after it, prosecution is not needed (Article 248). In criminal cases a public prosecutor asks the court to apply the law correctly and oversees the carrying out of its judgments; and, as the representative of the public interest, a public prosecutor also does the work other laws and regulations assign to a public prosecutor, which is not limited to criminal cases (Public Prosecutors Office Act, Article 4). A public prosecutor may investigate any crime (Article 6, paragraph (1)). Public prosecutors work through the public prosecutors offices (検察庁): the Supreme, High, District and Local Public Prosecutors Offices (Article 1).
Written by AI using Code of Criminal Procedure, Arts. 247, 248 and Public Prosecutors Office Act, Arts. 1, 4, 6 as a reference.