①Unless other laws (for a disposition based on Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance, that Ordinance) provide that a request may be filed orally, a request for review must be filed by submitting a written request for review, pursuant to the provisions of Cabinet Order.

②A written request for review of a disposition must state the following matters:

③A written request for review of inaction must state the following matters:

④If a requestor for review is a corporation or other associations or foundations, and representative members have been elected from among requestors for review, or a request for review is to be filed by an agent, the written request for review must state the name and domicile or residence of the representative or administrator, the representative members, or the agent, in addition to the matters stated in the items of paragraph (2) or the items of the preceding paragraph.

⑤In the cases set forth in the following items, a written request for review of a disposition must state the matters specified in each of those items, in addition to the matters prescribed in paragraph (2) and the preceding paragraph:

When orally filing a request for review, the person must orally state the matters prescribed in paragraphs (2) through (5) of the preceding Article. In such a case, the administrative agency that has received the oral statement must record its content, and read the recording aloud to the person that has made the oral statement to confirm that there are no errors.

①A request for review in the case the administrative agency with which the request should be filed is different from the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition, may be filed via the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition. In such a case, the requestor for review is to submit a written request for review to the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition, or orally state the matters prescribed in Article 19, paragraphs (2) through (5) to the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition

②In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition must immediately send the written request for review or the written statement concerning the request for review (meaning a document in which the content of the oral statement has been recorded pursuant to the provisions of the second sentence of the preceding Article; the same applies in Article 29, paragraph (1) and Article 55) to the administrative agency that is to become the reviewing agency.

③In calculating the period for filing a request for review in the case referred to in paragraph (1), the request for review of the disposition is deemed to have been filed at the time when the written request for review has been submitted, or when the statement of the matters has been made to the administrative agency reaching the disposition.

①Regarding a disposition for which a request for review may be filed, when the administrative agency reaching the disposition has erroneously informed a person that an administrative agency that should not be filed a request for review as the administrative agency with which a request for review should be filed, and the person files a request for review in writing with the administrative agency as informed, the administrative agency must promptly send the written request for review to the administrative agency reaching the disposition or the administrative agency that is to become the reviewing agency, and, notify that fact to the requestor for review.

②When the written request for review has been sent to the administrative agency reaching the disposition pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the administrative agency reaching the disposition must promptly send the written request to the administrative agency that is to become the reviewing agency, and, notify that fact to the requestor for review.

③Regarding a disposition for which a request for re-investigation may not be filed among the dispositions referred to in paragraph (1), when the administrative agency reaching the disposition has erroneously informed a person that a request for re-investigation may be filed and the person files a request for re-investigation with that administrative agency reaching the disposition, that administrative agency reaching the disposition must promptly send the written request for re-investigation (meaning the written request for re-investigation prescribed in Article 19 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 61 following the deemed replacement of terms; the same applies below in this Article) or the written statement concerning the request for re-investigation (meaning a document in which the content of the oral statement has been recorded pursuant to the provisions of the second sentence of Article 20 as applied mutatis mutandis in Article 61; the same applies below in this Article) to the administrative agency to become the reviewing agency and notify that fact to the requestor for re-investigation.

④Regarding a disposition for which a request for re-investigation may be filed, when the administrative agency reaching the disposition has erroneously failed to inform a person that a request for review may be filed, and the person has filed a request for re-investigation with that administrative agency reaching the disposition and has filed a petition, that administrative agency reaching the disposition must promptly send the written request for re-investigation or written statement concerning the request for re-investigation and the related documents and other objects to the administrative agency that is to become the reviewing agency. In such a case, the administrative agency that has received those documents and objects must promptly notify that fact to the requestor for re-investigation and a person that participates in the request for re-investigation pursuant to the provisions of Article 13, paragraph (1) or (2) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 61 following the deemed replacement of terms.

⑤When the written request for review, or the written request for re-investigation or written statement concerning the request for re-investigation has been sent to the administrative agency that is to become the reviewing agency pursuant to the provisions of each of the preceding paragraphs, the request for review is deemed to have been filed with the administrative agency that is to become the reviewing agency in the first place.

When a written request for review violates the provisions of Article 19, the reviewing agency must specify a reasonable period of time and order the correction of the defects within that period.

①In the case referred to in the preceding Article, when a requestor for review does not correct the defects within the period referred to in that Article, the reviewing agency may dismiss the request for review by an administrative determination, based on the provisions of Article 45, paragraph (1) or Article 49, paragraph (1) without going through the procedures for proceedings prescribed in the following Section.

②The preceding paragraph also applies when it is obvious that a request for review is unlawful and may not be corrected.

①A request for review does not preclude the effect of the disposition, enforcement of the disposition, or continuation of the procedures.

②When finding it necessary, the higher administrative agency of the administrative agency reaching the disposition or the reviewing agency that is the administrative agency reaching the disposition may suspend the effect of the disposition, enforcement of the disposition, or continuation of procedures, in full or in part, or take other measures (referred to as "stay of enforcement" below), upon a petition filed by the requestor for review or by its authority.

③When finding it necessary, the reviewing agency that is neither the higher administrative agency of the administrative agency reaching the disposition nor the administrative agency reaching the disposition may order a stay of enforcement, by a petition filed by the requestor for review, after hearing opinions of the administrative agency reaching the disposition; provided, however, that the reviewing agency may not take any measures other than suspending the effect of the disposition, stay of enforcement of the disposition, or continuation of procedures, in full or in part.

④When a petition has been filed by the requestor for review under the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, and the reviewing agency finds it urgently necessary for avoiding causing serious damage by the disposition, the stay of enforcement of the disposition, or the continuation of procedures, the reviewing agency must order a stay of enforcement; provided, however, that this does not apply when the stay of enforcement is likely to have a material impact on public welfare or when the action on the merits seems groundless.

⑤When determining whether the serious damage prescribed in the preceding paragraph is to be caused or not, the reviewing agency is to consider the level of difficulty in recovering the damage and also take into account the nature and extent of the damage and the content and nature of the disposition.

⑥In the cases referred to in paragraphs (2) through (4), the suspension of the effect of the disposition may not be ordered when the intended purpose may be achieved through measures other than the suspension of the effect of the disposition.

⑦When a petition for a stay of enforcement has been filed, or a written opinion stating that the stay of enforcement prescribed in Article 40 should be taken has been submitted by a review officer, the reviewing agency must promptly decide whether or not to order a stay of enforcement.

After the stay of enforcement has been granted, if it becomes clear that the stay of enforcement is to have a material impact on public welfare or when there are any changes to the circumstances, the reviewing agency may revoke the stay of enforcement.

①A requestor for review may withdraw the request anytime until an administrative determination is made.

②The withdrawal of a request for review must be filed in writing.

A requestor for review, an intervenor, and the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition (referred to as "persons concerned with proceedings" below), and a review officer must mutually cooperate in the proceedings as well as advance the procedures for proceedings in a planned manner, for the purpose of achieving simple, prompt, and fair proceedings.

①When having been nominated by the reviewing agency, a review officer must immediately send a copy of the written request for review or written statement concerning the request for review to the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition; provided, however, that this does not apply if the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition is the reviewing agency.

②A review officer is to specify a reasonable period of time and request the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition to submit a written explanation.

③The administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition must enter the matters specified in the following items in accordance with the category of the cases referred to in each of those items in the written explanation referred to in the preceding paragraph:

④When the administrative agency reaching the disposition is to hold the following documents, the documents are to be attached to the written explanation stated in item (i) of the preceding paragraph:

⑤When a written explanation has been submitted by the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition, a review officer must send the written explanation to the requestor for review and the intervenors.