Every term this law . Its definitions bind only this law — each entry says where the definition applies and links to the sentence that settles it. 50 terms: 38 with the Ministry of Justice's English, 12 in our translation, marked as such.
In this Act, a disposition (処分) of an administrative agency (行政庁) or any other act that is an exercise of public authority (公権力): the acts against which this Act lets a person appeal, unless another Act (法律) provides otherwise.
The administrative agency (行政庁) with which a request for review (審査請求) has been filed under Article 4 or under another Act (法律) or a local ordinance (条例), including one that took the case over under Article 14 when the power to decide it passed to it through a change in the laws and regulations (法令).
The administrative agency (行政庁) that made the disposition (処分) concerned.
The person a reviewing agency (審査庁) designates under Article 9, paragraph (1), from among its own staff (or from the list under Article 17 where it has made one), to conduct the proceedings on a request for review (審査請求).
参加人
A person who takes part in a request for review (審査請求) under Article 13, paragraph (1) or (2): an interested person (利害関係人) who joins with the review officer's (審理員) permission, or one the review officer asks to join.
審査会
The Administrative Complaint Review Board (行政不服審査会) set up in the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (総務省).
The administrative agency that made the disposition (処分庁) or the administrative agency that failed to act (不作為庁) on an application, whichever the request for review (審査請求) concerns.
処分をした行政庁（以下「処分庁」という。）又は不作為に係る行政庁（以下「不作為庁」という。）
An administrative agency's (行政庁) failure to make any disposition (処分) at all on an application made to it under laws and regulations (法令).
法令に基づく申請に対して何らの処分をもしないこと
The person requesting review (審査請求人), any intervenor (参加人) and the agency that made the disposition or failed to act (処分庁等), taken together as the parties to the proceedings on a request for review (審査請求).
The written opinion on the determination (裁決) the reviewing agency (審査庁) should make, which the review officer (審理員) must prepare without delay once the review proceedings are closed.
The administrative agency (行政庁) that is to become the reviewing agency (審査庁) for a request for review (審査請求) under Article 4 or under another Act (法律) or a local ordinance (条例).
A suspension, in whole or in part, of the effect of a disposition (処分), of its enforcement or of the continuation of the procedure, or another measure, which a reviewing agency (審査庁) that made the disposition or is the higher administrative agency (上級行政庁) of the agency that did may take on the petition of the person requesting review (審査請求人) or on its own authority, where it finds this necessary.
The written record an administrative agency (行政庁) makes, under the second sentence of Article 20, of what a person states when filing a request for review (審査請求) orally.
前条後段の規定により陳述の内容を録取した書面
A written statement of opinion on the case that an intervenor (参加人) may submit in the proceedings on a request for review (審査請求); in Article 40 and Article 42, paragraph (1) the same word means the review officer's (審理員) written opinions instead.
The administrative agency (行政庁) with which a request for re-examination (再審査請求) has been filed under another Act (法律), including one that took the case over under Article 14, as Article 66, paragraph (1) applies it, when the power to decide it passed to it through a change in the laws and regulations (法令).
他の法律の規定により再審査請求がされた行政庁（第六十六条第一項において読み替えて準用する第十四条の規定により引継ぎを受けた行政庁を含む。）
口頭意見陳述
The statement of opinion on the case that a person requesting review (審査請求人) or an intervenor (参加人) makes orally, on their request under Article 31, paragraph (1), on a date and at a place the review officer (審理員) sets, with all the persons concerned with the proceedings (審理関係人) called to attend.
審議会等
The commissions and other bodies listed in Article 9, paragraph (1), the assemblies of local governments (地方公共団体の議会), and bodies a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies as similar to them, whose deliberation another Act (法律) or a Cabinet Order (or, for a disposition based on a local ordinance (条例), the ordinance) may require or allow before a disposition (処分) is made.
The Administrative Complaint Review Board (行政不服審査会) or a body a local government (地方公共団体) sets up under Article 81, paragraph (1) or (2), which a reviewing agency (審査庁) consults on a request for review (審査請求).
The determination (裁決) on a request for review (審査請求) of a disposition (処分) against which an Act (法律) allows a further request for re-examination (再審査請求).
再審査請求をすることができる処分についての審査請求の裁決
利害関係人
A person other than the person requesting review (審査請求人) who, in the light of the laws and regulations (法令) on which the disposition (処分) rests, is found to have an interest in it — whether the request for review (審査請求) is against the disposition or against a failure to act (不作為) on an application for one; such a person may take part in the review with the review officer's (審理員) permission.
審査請求人以外の者であって審査請求に係る処分又は不作為に係る処分の根拠となる法令に照らし当該処分につき利害関係を有するものと認められる者
申立人
In Article 31 and Article 41, paragraph (2), item (ii), the person requesting review (審査請求人) or the intervenor (参加人) who has asked to state their opinion on the case orally to the review officer (審理員).
In the subsection on the Board's (審査会) procedure (Chapter 5, Section 1, Subsection 2), the person requesting review (審査請求人), any intervenor (参加人) and the reviewing agency (審査庁) that consulted the Administrative Complaint Review Board (行政不服審査会) under Article 43, paragraph (1), taken together.
The original determination (原裁決) on a request for review (審査請求), or the disposition (処分) it was about, either of which may be the subject of a request for re-examination (再審査請求).
The time limits in Article 18, paragraphs (1) and (2) for filing a request for review (審査請求) of a disposition (処分) — three months from the day after the person learns of it and one year from the day after it was made (counted instead from the decision on a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求), with one month from learning of it, where one was filed), unless there is a justifiable reason — in computing which the days a written request sent by post or correspondence delivery (信書便) spends in transit are not counted.
A written counterargument that the person requesting review (審査請求人) may submit against what is stated in the written explanation (弁明書) sent to them under Article 29, paragraph (5).
In the subsection on the Board's (審査会) procedure (Chapter 5, Section 1, Subsection 2), a written statement of their allegations that the Administrative Complaint Review Board (行政不服審査会) may ask the person requesting review (審査請求人), an intervenor (参加人) or the reviewing agency (審査庁) that consulted it to submit.
The administrative agency (行政庁) that has failed to act (不作為) on an application made to it under laws and regulations (法令).
In Article 22, the document by which a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求) is made, under Article 19 as Article 61 applies it with words replaced: it states, among other things, the disposition challenged, the date the requester learned of it, and the purpose of and reasons for the request.
第六十一条において読み替えて準用する第十九条に規定する再調査の請求書
In Article 22, the written record an administrative agency (行政庁) makes, under the second sentence of Article 20 as Article 61 applies it, of what a person states when filing a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求) orally.
第六十一条において準用する第二十条後段の規定により陳述の内容を録取した書面
事件記録
The documents and other objects relating to a request for review (審査請求) — the written request for review (審査請求書), the written explanation (弁明書) and others — that a Cabinet Order (政令) specifies, which the review officer (審理員) submits to the reviewing agency (審査庁) with the review officer's written opinion (審理員意見書).
審査請求書、弁明書その他審査請求に係る事件に関する書類その他の物件のうち政令で定めるもの
In Articles 16 and 17, an administrative agency (行政庁), other than the one that is to become the reviewing agency (審査庁となるべき行政庁), that has the power to make the disposition (処分) a request for review (審査請求) would be against.
当該審査請求の対象となるべき処分の権限を有する行政庁であって当該審査庁となるべき行政庁以外のもの
The documents listed in Article 29, paragraph (4) that the agency that made the disposition (処分庁) attaches to its written explanation (弁明書), and the documents and other objects submitted under Article 32, paragraph (1) or (2) or Article 33, which the person requesting review (審査請求人) or an intervenor (参加人) may ask the review officer (審理員) to let them inspect or have copies of.
第二十九条第四項各号に掲げる書面又は第三十二条第一項若しくは第二項若しくは第三十三条の規定により提出された書類その他の物件
A record made in electronic, magnetic or any other form people cannot perceive directly, for use in computer processing.
電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によっては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であって、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるもの
不服申立て
In Article 82, a request for review (審査請求), a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求) or an appeal under any other law or regulation (法令), taken together.
In Articles 84 and 85, a request for review (審査請求), a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求), a request for re-examination (再審査請求) or an appeal under any other law or regulation (法令), taken together.
In Article 85, a determination (裁決), decision (決定) or other disposition (処分) on a request for review (審査請求), a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求), a request for re-examination (再審査請求) or an appeal under any other law or regulation (法令).
The administrative agency (行政庁) that is to become the reviewing agency (審査庁) for a request for review (審査請求), as Article 16 defines it; where Article 61 applies Article 16 to a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求), Appended Table 2 puts the administrative agency with the power to make the disposition (処分) the request would be against in its place.
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026).
The person designated under Article 9, paragraph (1) to conduct the proceedings on a request for review (審査請求), as Article 11, paragraph (2) defines it; where the reviewing agency (審査庁) is one of the commissions and other bodies listed in Article 9, paragraph (1), or a local ordinance (条例) makes special provision for a disposition based on one, so that no one is designated, Appended Table 1 puts the reviewing agency itself in its place.
The time limits for filing a request for review (審査請求), as Article 18, paragraph (3) defines them; where Article 61 applies that paragraph to a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求), Appended Table 2 puts the period in Article 54 in their place: three months from the day after the person learns of the disposition (処分) and one year from the day after it was made, unless there is a justifiable reason.
The person designated under Article 9, paragraph (1) to conduct the proceedings on a request for review (審査請求), as Article 11, paragraph (2) defines it; where Article 61 applies that paragraph to a request for re-investigation (再調査の請求), Appended Table 2 puts the agency that made the disposition (処分庁) in its place.
The administrative agency (行政庁) with which a request for re-examination (再審査請求) has been filed under another Act (法律), including one that took the case over under Article 14, as Article 66, paragraph (1) applies it, when the power to decide it passed to it through a change in the laws and regulations (法令).
For a request for re-examination (再審査請求), the period for filing one set in Article 62: one month from the day after the person learns of the original determination (原裁決), and one year from the day after it was made, unless there is a justifiable reason.
For a request for re-examination (再審査請求), a suspension, in whole or in part, of the effect of the original determination or the disposition (原裁決等), of its enforcement or of the continuation of the procedure, which the re-examining agency (再審査庁) may order under Article 25, paragraph (3) as Appended Table 3 reads it, on the petition of the person requesting re-examination and after hearing the agency that made the original determination or the disposition (裁決庁等); no other measure may be taken in its place.
A re-examining agency (再審査庁) that is one of the commissions and other bodies listed in Article 9, paragraph (1), which conducts the proceedings on a request for re-examination (再審査請求) itself, since no review officer (審理員) is designated for it.
The administrative agency (行政庁) with which a request for review (審査請求) has been filed, as Article 9, paragraph (1) defines it; for a request for re-examination (再審査請求), Appended Table 3 puts the re-examining agency (再審査庁) defined in Article 63 in its place.
The time limits for filing a request for review (審査請求), as Article 18, paragraph (3) defines them; where Article 66, paragraph (1) applies that paragraph to a request for re-examination (再審査請求), Appended Table 3 puts the period for filing a request for re-examination (再審査請求期間) under Article 50, paragraph (3) in their place.
For a request for re-examination (再審査請求), the person the re-examining agency (再審査庁) designates under Article 9, paragraph (1) as Article 66, paragraph (1) applies it, to conduct the proceedings; where no one is designated because the re-examining agency is a commission or other body (委員会等である再審査庁), Appended Table 3 has that agency act in the review officer's place.
For a request for re-examination (再審査請求), the administrative agency (行政庁) that made the original determination (原裁決).
For a request for re-examination (再審査請求), the administrative agency that made the original determination (裁決庁) or the agency that made the disposition (処分庁), whichever is concerned.
原裁決をした行政庁（以下この章において「裁決庁」という。）又は処分庁