Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 総則
第一条（目的等）
The purpose of this Act is to establish a system for allowing citizens to broadly file complaints against administrative agencies under simple, prompt, and fair procedures concerning illegal or unjust administrative dispositions of administrative agencies or other acts constituting the exercise of public authority, for the aim of relieving the rights and interests of the citizens, and to ensure proper administrative operation.
この法律は、行政庁の違法又は不当な処分その他公権力の行使に当たる行為に関し、国民が簡易迅速かつ公正な手続の下で広く行政庁に対する不服申立てをすることができるための制度を定めることにより、国民の権利利益の救済を図るとともに、行政の適正な運営を確保することを目的とする。
A complaint regarding administrative dispositions or other acts constituting the exercise of public authority by administrative agencies (simply referred to as "disposition" below) are to be filed as provided for in this Act, except as otherwise provided for in other laws.
行政庁の処分その他公権力の行使に当たる行為（以下単に「処分」という。）に関する不服申立てについては、他の法律に特別の定めがある場合を除くほか、この法律の定めるところによる。
Article 2Requests for Review of Dispositions
第二条（処分についての審査請求）
A person who is dissatisfied with a disposition by an administrative agency may file a request for review pursuant to the provisions of Article 4 and Article 5, paragraph (2).
Article 3Requests for Review of Inaction
第三条（不作為についての審査請求）
When a person has filed an application for a disposition with an administrative agency based on laws and regulations but the administrative agency takes no action (meaning that the administrative agency does not take any action for the application based on laws and regulations; referred to as "inaction" below) although a certain period has elapsed after filing the application, the person may file a request for review regarding the inaction pursuant to the provisions of the following Article.
A request for review is to be filed with the administrative agency specified in the following items in accordance with the category of the cases set forth in each of those items, except as otherwise provided for in laws (for a disposition based on Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance, that Ordinance):
審査請求は、法律（条例に基づく処分については、条例）に特別の定めがある場合を除くほか、次の各号に掲げる場合の区分に応じ、当該各号に定める行政庁に対してするものとする。
when the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition (meaning the administrative agency that has reached the disposition (referred to as the "administrative agency reaching the disposition" below) or the administrative agency that has taken no action (referred to as the "administrative agency having taken no action" below); the same applies below) does not have any higher administrative agency, or falls under a competent minister, the Grand Steward, or the head of an agency prescribed in Article 49, paragraph (1) or (2) of the Act for Establishment of the Cabinet Office (Act No. 89 of 1999), or Article 3, paragraph (2) of the National Government Organization Act (Act No. 120 of 1948):that administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition;
when the Grand Steward or the head of an agency prescribed in Article 49, paragraph (1) or (2) of the Act for Establishment of the Cabinet Office, or Article 3, paragraph (2) of the National Government Organization Act falls under the higher administrative agency of the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition.:the Grand Steward or the head of the relevant agency;
宮内庁長官又は内閣府設置法第四十九条第一項若しくは第二項若しくは国家行政組織法第三条第二項に規定する庁の長が処分庁等の上級行政庁である場合 宮内庁長官又は当該庁の長
when a competent minister falls under the higher administrative agency of the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition (excluding the cases stated in the preceding two items):that competent minister; or
cases other than those stated in the preceding three items:the highest administrative agency of the administrative agency, etc. reaching the disposition.
Article 5Requests for Re-Investigation
第五条（再調査の請求）
When it is possible to file a request for review for a disposition reached by an administrative agency with an administrative agency other than the administrative agency reaching the disposition, and a law provides that a request for re-investigation may be filed, a person who is dissatisfied with the disposition may file a request for re-investigation with the administrative agency reaching the disposition; provided, however, that this does not apply if the person has filed a request for review pursuant to the provisions of Article 2.
When a person has filed a request for re-investigation pursuant to the provisions of the main clause of the preceding paragraph, the person may not file a request for review until the decision has been made for the request for re-investigation; provided, however, that this does not apply if the case falls under either of the following items:
前項本文の規定により再調査の請求をしたときは、当該再調査の請求についての決定を経た後でなければ、審査請求をすることができない。ただし、次の各号のいずれかに該当する場合は、この限りでない。
when the administrative agency reaching the disposition does not make a decision for the request for re-investigation even after three months have passed from the day following the day on which the person filed the request for re-investigation for the disposition (if the person has been ordered to correct a defect pursuant to the provisions of Article 23 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 61 following the deemed replacement of terms, the day on which the person corrected the defect);
when there are other legitimate grounds for not going through a decision on a request for a re-investigation.
その他再調査の請求についての決定を経ないことにつき正当な理由がある場合
Article 6Requests for Re-Examination
第六条（再審査請求）
If a law provides that a request for a re-examination may be filed for a disposition rendered by an administrative agency, a person who is dissatisfied with the administrative determination on a request for review of the disposition may file a request for re-examination.
行政庁の処分につき法律に再審査請求をすることができる旨の定めがある場合には、当該処分についての審査請求の裁決に不服がある者は、再審査請求をすることができる。
A request for re-examination is to be filed for the original administrative determination (meaning an administrative determination on a request for review of a disposition for which a request for re-examination may be filed; the same applies below) or the disposition (referred to as the "original administrative determination, etc." below) with the administrative agency prescribed in the law referred to in the preceding paragraph.
Article 7Exclusion from Application
第七条（適用除外）
The provisions of Article 2 and Article 3 do not apply to the following dispositions and their inaction:
a disposition rendered through a resolution of both Houses or one House of the Diet, or resolution by a local council;
国会の両院若しくは一院又は議会の議決によってされる処分
a disposition rendered by the judgment of a court or a judge, or rendered as enforcement of judicial decisions;
裁判所若しくは裁判官の裁判により、又は裁判の執行としてされる処分
a disposition that is required to be rendered through a resolution of both Houses or one House of the Diet or through resolution by a local council, or through obtaining the consent or approval of the Houses or the council;
国会の両院若しくは一院若しくは議会の議決を経て、又はこれらの同意若しくは承認を得た上でされるべきものとされている処分
a disposition that is required to be decided by the Audit Commission;
検査官会議で決すべきものとされている処分
a disposition to confirm or create a legal relationship between the parties, and one of the party in the legal relationship is required to be the defendant in the action concerning the disposition pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations;
当事者間の法律関係を確認し、又は形成する処分で、法令の規定により当該処分に関する訴えにおいてその法律関係の当事者の一方を被告とすべきものと定められているもの
a disposition rendered by a public prosecutor, a public prosecutor's assistant officer, or a judicial police official based on laws and regulations related to criminal cases;
刑事事件に関する法令に基づいて検察官、検察事務官又は司法警察職員がする処分
a disposition rendered by the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency, a commissioner of a Regional Taxation Bureau, a director of a tax office, the relevant officials of the National Tax Agency, a Regional Taxation Bureau, or a tax office, Director-General of Japan Customs, customs officials, or tax collectors (including persons that perform the duties of those officials based on the provisions of other laws and regulations) based on laws and regulations related to criminal cases involving national or local tax offenses (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to other laws and regulations), and a disposition rendered by the Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission, its employees (including persons deemed to be its employee pursuant to the provisions of the laws and regulations), a director-general of a Local Finance Bureau, or a directors-general of a Local Finance Branch Bureau based on laws and regulations related to criminal cases involving financial instruments transactions (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to other laws and regulations);
国税又は地方税の犯則事件に関する法令（他の法令において準用する場合を含む。）に基づいて国税庁長官、国税局長、税務署長、国税庁、国税局若しくは税務署の当該職員、税関長、税関職員又は徴税吏員（他の法令の規定に基づいてこれらの職員の職務を行う者を含む。）がする処分及び金融商品取引の犯則事件に関する法令（他の法令において準用する場合を含む。）に基づいて証券取引等監視委員会、その職員（当該法令においてその職員とみなされる者を含む。）、財務局長又は財務支局長がする処分
a disposition rendered in schools, training schools, training centers, or training institutes to students, pupils, children or toddlers or their custodians, course participants, or trainees in order to achieve the purpose of education, schooling, or training;
学校、講習所、訓練所又は研修所において、教育、講習、訓練又は研修の目的を達成するために、学生、生徒、児童若しくは幼児若しくはこれらの保護者、講習生、訓練生又は研修生に対してされる処分
a disposition rendered in order to achieve the purpose of accommodation in prisons, juvenile prisons, jails, detention facilities, Coast Guard detention facilities, juvenile training schools, juvenile classification homes;
刑務所、少年刑務所、拘置所、留置施設、海上保安留置施設、少年院又は少年鑑別所において、収容の目的を達成するためにされる処分
a disposition concerning emigration and immigration or naturalization of foreign nationals;
外国人の出入国又は帰化に関する処分
a disposition concerning results of examinations or certification examinations on a person's academic knowledge and skills; and
専ら人の学識技能に関する試験又は検定の結果についての処分
a disposition based on this Act (excluding a disposition based on the provisions of Chapter V, Section 1, Subsection 1).
この法律に基づく処分（第五章第一節第一款の規定に基づく処分を除く。）
The provisions of this Act do not apply to a disposition rendered to national government organs, local governments, other public entities or their organs, for which those organs or entities are to be the party subject to the disposition in their distinct status as governmental entities, and their inaction.
Article 8Systems for Filing Special Complaints
第八条（特別の不服申立ての制度）
For dispositions or inaction for which requests for review may not be made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the provisions of that Article do not preclude the establishment of a system for filing administrative complaints in accordance with the nature of the dispositions or inaction as provided for separately by laws and regulations.